DOCSLIB.ORG

Revision of Polycotylid Plesioaur Systematics (Sauropterygia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Revision of Polycotylid Plesioaur Systematics (Sauropterygia Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 2016 Revision of polycotylid plesioaur systematics (sauropterygia plesiosauria) and description of the axial osteology of a juvenile polycotylid Donald Joseph Morgan III [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Morgan, Donald Joseph III, "Revision of polycotylid plesioaur systematics (sauropterygia plesiosauria) and description of the axial osteology of a juvenile polycotylid" (2016). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. Paper 1015. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. REVISION OF POLYCOTYLID PLESIOAUR SYSTEMATICS (SAUROPTERYGIA PLESIOSAURIA) AND DESCRIPTION OF THE AXIAL OSTEOLOGY OF A JUVENILE POLYCOTYLID A thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Science by Donald Joseph Morgan III Dr. F. Robin O’Keefe, Committee Chairman Dr. Suzanne Strait Dr. Andrew Grass Marshall University May 2016 ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Robin O’Keefe for guidance, advice, and putting up with me for two years. I would also like to thank the rest of my committee Dr. Strait, Dr. Grass, and Dr. Spencer, for all of their help throughout the way. A special thanks goes to Theresa Houze for her constant encouragement, and for always believing in me. A special thanks to my mom, dad, and sister, for helping me pursue my dreams, and for all of their moral support. I would also like to thank the University of Nebraska for access to the UNSM 55180 and 51033, and the University of Kansas and the Field Museum for access to other polycotylid material. A special thanks to Ross Secord, Bill Simpson, and Akiko Shinya for access to specimens and for fossil preparation of the material used in this thesis. Thanks also to Marshall University and the Department of Biological Sciences travel fund for funding my research. Finally I would like to thank all the graduate students in the Biological Sciences department, especially, Theresa, Pop-Pop (Derk), Allorah, Tiffany, Corynn, Monica, Diana/Jerry, Tony, Jess, Matt, Berlynna, Robert, and Leah. iii Table of Contents List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... vii Chapter 1 ..........................................................................................................................................1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 Purpose of Study ..................................................................................................................1 Sauropterygian Taxonomic Relationships ...........................................................................2 Plesiosauria Systematics ......................................................................................................6 Leptoclidida and Polycotylidae Systematics .........................................................11 Polycotylid Origin and Trends ...............................................................................15 Wallace Ranch Specimens .................................................................................................19 Geological Background of the Wallace Ranch ......................................................21 Dermal and Endochondral Ossification .............................................................................22 Ossification of the Skull.........................................................................................22 Ossification of the Postcranial Axial Skeleton ......................................................24 Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................................26 New phylogenetic Analysis ...............................................................................................26 Taxonomic Units and Descriptions ....................................................................................28 Out-Group Taxa .....................................................................................................28 In-Group Taxa ........................................................................................................29 New Character List ............................................................................................................35 Results of the Phylogenetic Analysis .................................................................................36 iv UNSM Specimens ..................................................................................................42 Wildcard Taxa ........................................................................................................42 Basal Polycotylids ..................................................................................................43 Position of the African Polycotylids ......................................................................48 Non-Monophyletic Dolichorhynchops ..................................................................48 Monophyly of Polycotylus .....................................................................................52 Comparison with Other Contemporary Phylogenies of Polycotylidae ..............................52 Comparison with Schumacher and Martin (2015) .................................................53 Comparison with Otero (2016) ..............................................................................54 Future Studies ....................................................................................................................55 Proposed Formal Diagnoses for Polycotylidae Taxa .........................................................56 Chapter 3 ........................................................................................................................................68 General Polycotylid Cranial Anatomy ...............................................................................68 UNSM 55810 Skull............................................................................................................78 Rostrum and Orbit..................................................................................................79 Skull Roof ..............................................................................................................83 Palate ......................................................................................................................86 Braincase ................................................................................................................89 Mandible ................................................................................................................94 Postcranial Axial Skeleton .................................................................................................99 Discussion ........................................................................................................................105 Allometry of the Polycotylid Skull ..................................................................................109 Literature Cited ............................................................................................................................115 v Appendix ......................................................................................................................................121 Sexual Dimorphism of the Ilium......................................................................................121 vi List of Tables Table 1 Character Comparisons .........................................................................................51 Table 2 Dolichorhynchops skulls.......................................................................................63 Table 3 Trinacromerum skulls ...........................................................................................65 Table 4 Linear Measurements and Skull Proportions for Specimens ..............................110 Table 5 Dolichorhynchops Growth Data .........................................................................112 vii List of Figures 1 Overview of Sauropterygian Systematics .........................................................................5 2 Plesiosauria Phylogeny ...................................................................................................10 3 Polycotylid Phylogeny ....................................................................................................14 4 Polycotylid Diversity Throughout Time .........................................................................18 5 Diversity of polycotylid fossil incidences.......................................................................19 6 Stratigraphy of the Pierre Shale ......................................................................................22
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Checklist of Helminths from Lizards and Amphisbaenians (Reptilia, Squamata) of South America Ticle R A
    The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases ISSN 1678-9199 | 2010 | volume 16 | issue 4 | pages 543-572 Checklist of helminths from lizards and amphisbaenians (Reptilia, Squamata) of South America TICLE R A Ávila RW (1), Silva RJ (1) EVIEW R (1) Department of Parasitology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Abstract: A comprehensive and up to date summary of the literature on the helminth parasites of lizards and amphisbaenians from South America is herein presented. One-hundred eighteen lizard species from twelve countries were reported in the literature harboring a total of 155 helminth species, being none acanthocephalans, 15 cestodes, 20 trematodes and 111 nematodes. Of these, one record was from Chile and French Guiana, three from Colombia, three from Uruguay, eight from Bolivia, nine from Surinam, 13 from Paraguay, 12 from Venezuela, 27 from Ecuador, 17 from Argentina, 39 from Peru and 103 from Brazil. The present list provides host, geographical distribution (with the respective biome, when possible), site of infection and references from the parasites. A systematic parasite-host list is also provided. Key words: Cestoda, Nematoda, Trematoda, Squamata, neotropical. INTRODUCTION The present checklist summarizes the diversity of helminths from lizards and amphisbaenians Parasitological studies on helminths that of South America, providing a host-parasite list infect squamates (particularly lizards) in South with localities and biomes. America had recent increased in the past few years, with many new records of hosts and/or STUDIED REGIONS localities and description of several new species (1-3).
    [Show full text]
  • First Occurrence of a Gigantic Pliosaurid Plesiosaur in The
    Bull. Soc. géol. Fr., 2003, t. 174, no 3, pp. 271-278 First occurrence of a gigantic pliosaurid plesiosaur in the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Mexico MARIE-CÉLINE BUCHY1,EBERHARD FREY2,WOLFGANG STINNESBECK1 &JOSÉ GUADALUPE LÓPEZ-OLIVA3 Key words. – Kimmeridgian, Pliosauridae, Mexico, Palaeobiogeography. Abstract. – Reinvestigation of a partial vertebral column from the Kimmeridgian La Caja Formation of Mexico, housed in the University of Linares (Mexico), and previously attributed to a dinosaur, proves to be from a very large pliosaurid plesiosaur. This specimen represents the first plesiosaur described from the Jurassic of Mexico. Its length has been esti- mated at 15 metres and, as a juvenile, is considered to be one of the largest Jurassic marine reptiles. The remains of this animal are here described. The morphology of the vertebral column is not diagnostic beyond family level. Large pliosaur vertebrae of a similar size are known from the Upper Jurassic of Europe, and are often referred to the genera Liopleurodon or Simolestes but these identifications are based only upon the size of the centra and have no taxonomic justification. A portion of rostrum with teeth was discovered together with the vertebral column but is unfortunately now lost. The Mexican pliosaur fills geographical and chronological gaps between western Tethys and South American pliosaurs, and is an additional support to the hypothesis of a Hispanic corridor linking at least temporarily the NW Euro- pean marine province with the western South American marine (Pacific) realm during the late Jurassic. Première occurrence d’un plésiosaure pliosauride géant dans le Jurassique supérieur (Kimméridgien) du Mexique Mots clés.
    [Show full text]
  • Carpenter 1999 EL PLESIOSAURIO DE VILLA DE LEYVA (BOYACÁ, COLOMBIA)
    Boletín de Geología Vol. 23, No. 38, Enero-Junio de 2001 Callawayasaurus colombiensis (Welles) Carpenter 1999 EL PLESIOSAURIO DE VILLA DE LEYVA (BOYACÁ, COLOMBIA). ¿UN NUEVO ESPÉCIMEN? Jerez Jaimes, J. H1.; Narváez Parra, E. X1. RESUMEN En los depósitos del Cretácico (Aptiano) de Villa de Leyva se han reportado dos especies de plesiosaurios, un pliosaurio Kronosaurus boyacensis Hampe 1992, y un plesiosaurio Callawayasaurus colombiensis (Welles) Carpenter, 1999 (= Alzadasaurus colombiensis Welles, 1962). Se realiza la determinación de un espécimen de elasmosaurio encontrado por los pobladores de la zona rural de Villa de Leyva en 1999 con base en material fotográfico del mismo, siendo muy probable que corresponda a la especie Callawayasaurus colombiensis (Welles) Carpenter, 1999. Palabras Claves: Cretácico, Plesiosaurios, Villa de Leyva. ABSTRACT In the deposits of the Cretaceous (Aptian) of Villa de Leyva two plesiosaurs species have been reported, a pliosaur Kronosaurus boyacensis Hampe 1992, and a plesiosaur Callawayasaurus colombiensis (Welles) Carpenter, 1999 (= Alzadasaurus colombiensis Welles, 1962). We carried out the determination of elasmosaur specimen found by the inhabitants of the rural area of Villa de Leyva in 1999, on the basis of photographic material of it. Probably it corresponds to the Callawayasaurus colombiensis specie (Welles) Carpenter, 1999. Key Words: Cretaceous, Plesiosaurs, Villa de Leyva. 1Biólogos, Calle 10A # 24-68 Bucaramanga, Santander (Colombia). Correo electrónico: [email protected] Callawayasaurus
    [Show full text]
  • Estimating the Evolutionary Rates in Mosasauroids and Plesiosaurs: Discussion of Niche Occupation in Late Cretaceous Seas
    Estimating the evolutionary rates in mosasauroids and plesiosaurs: discussion of niche occupation in Late Cretaceous seas Daniel Madzia1 and Andrea Cau2 1 Department of Evolutionary Paleobiology, Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland 2 Independent, Parma, Italy ABSTRACT Observations of temporal overlap of niche occupation among Late Cretaceous marine amniotes suggest that the rise and diversification of mosasauroid squamates might have been influenced by competition with or disappearance of some plesiosaur taxa. We discuss that hypothesis through comparisons of the rates of morphological evolution of mosasauroids throughout their evolutionary history with those inferred for contemporary plesiosaur clades. We used expanded versions of two species- level phylogenetic datasets of both these groups, updated them with stratigraphic information, and analyzed using the Bayesian inference to estimate the rates of divergence for each clade. The oscillations in evolutionary rates of the mosasauroid and plesiosaur lineages that overlapped in time and space were then used as a baseline for discussion and comparisons of traits that can affect the shape of the niche structures of aquatic amniotes, such as tooth morphologies, body size, swimming abilities, metabolism, and reproduction. Only two groups of plesiosaurs are considered to be possible niche competitors of mosasauroids: the brachauchenine pliosaurids and the polycotylid leptocleidians. However, direct evidence for interactions between mosasauroids and plesiosaurs is scarce and limited only to large mosasauroids as the Submitted 31 July 2019 predators/scavengers and polycotylids as their prey. The first mosasauroids differed Accepted 18 March 2020 from contemporary plesiosaurs in certain aspects of all discussed traits and no evidence Published 13 April 2020 suggests that early representatives of Mosasauroidea diversified after competitions with Corresponding author plesiosaurs.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleontology, Stratigraphy, Paleoenvironment and Paleogeography of the Seventy Tethyan Maastrichtian-Paleogene Foraminiferal Species of Anan, a Review
    Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation Review Article Open Access Paleontology, stratigraphy, paleoenvironment and paleogeography of the seventy Tethyan Maastrichtian-Paleogene foraminiferal species of Anan, a review Abstract Volume 9 Issue 3 - 2021 During the last four decades ago, seventy foraminiferal species have been erected by Haidar Salim Anan the present author, which start at 1984 by one recent agglutinated foraminiferal species Emirates Professor of Stratigraphy and Micropaleontology, Al Clavulina pseudoparisensis from Qusseir-Marsa Alam stretch, Red Sea coast of Egypt. Azhar University-Gaza, Palestine After that year tell now, one planktic foraminiferal species Plummerita haggagae was erected from Egypt (Misr), two new benthic foraminiferal genera Leroyia (with its 3 species) Correspondence: Haidar Salim Anan, Emirates Professor of and Lenticuzonaria (2 species), and another 18 agglutinated species, 3 porcelaneous, 26 Stratigraphy and Micropaleontology, Al Azhar University-Gaza, Lagenid and 18 Rotaliid species. All these species were recorded from Maastrichtian P. O. Box 1126, Palestine, Email and/or Paleogene benthic foraminiferal species. Thirty nine species of them were erected originally from Egypt (about 58 %), 17 species from the United Arab Emirates, UAE (about Received: May 06, 2021 | Published: June 25, 2021 25 %), 8 specie from Pakistan (about 11 %), 2 species from Jordan, and 1 species from each of Tunisia, France, Spain and USA. More than one species have wide paleogeographic distribution around the Northern and Southern Tethys, i.e. Bathysiphon saidi (Egypt, UAE, Hungary), Clavulina pseudoparisensis (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Arabian Gulf), Miliammina kenawyi, Pseudoclavulina hamdani, P. hewaidyi, Saracenaria leroyi and Hemirobulina bassiounii (Egypt, UAE), Tritaxia kaminskii (Spain, UAE), Orthokarstenia nakkadyi (Egypt, Tunisia, France, Spain), Nonionella haquei (Egypt, Pakistan).
    [Show full text]
  • A Revision of the Classification of the Plesiosauria with a Synopsis of the Stratigraphical and Geographical Distribution Of
    LUNDS UNIVERSITETS ARSSKRIFT. N. F. Avd. 2. Bd 59. Nr l. KUNGL. FYSIOGRAFISKA SÅLLSKAPETS HANDLINGAR, N. F. Bd 74. Nr 1. A REVISION OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PLESIOSAURIA WITH A SYNOPSIS OF THE STRATIGRAPHICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE GROUP BY PER OVE PERSSON LUND C. W. K. GLEER UP Read before the Royal Physiographic Society, February 13, 1963. LUND HÅKAN OHLSSONS BOKTRYCKERI l 9 6 3 l. Introduction The sub-order Plesiosauria is one of the best known of the Mesozoic Reptile groups, but, as emphasized by KuHN (1961, p. 75) and other authors, its classification is still not satisfactory, and needs a thorough revision. The present paper is an attempt at such a revision, and includes also a tabular synopsis of the stratigraphical and geo­ graphical distribution of the group. Some of the species are discussed in the text (pp. 17-22). The synopsis is completed with seven maps (figs. 2-8, pp. 10-16), a selective synonym list (pp. 41-42), and a list of rejected species (pp. 42-43). Some forms which have been erroneously referred to the Plesiosauria are also briefly mentioned ("Non-Plesiosaurians", p. 43). - The numerals in braekets after the generic and specific names in the text refer to the tabular synopsis, in which the different forms are numbered in successional order. The author has exaroined all material available from Sweden, Australia and Spitzbergen (PERSSON 1954, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1962a); the major part of the material from the British Isles, France, Belgium and Luxembourg; some of the German spec­ imens; certain specimens from New Zealand, now in the British Museum (see LYDEK­ KER 1889, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Mannville Group of Saskatchewan
    Saskatchewan Report 223 Industry and Resources Saskatchewan Geological Survey Jura-Cretaceous Success Formation and Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group of Saskatchewan J.E. Christopher 2003 19 48 Printed under the authority of the Minister of Industry and Resources Although the Department of Industry and Resources has exercised all reasonable care in the compilation, interpretation, and production of this report, it is not possible to ensure total accuracy, and all persons who rely on the information contained herein do so at their own risk. The Department of Industry and Resources and the Government of Saskatchewan do not accept liability for any errors, omissions or inaccuracies that may be included in, or derived from, this report. Cover: Clearwater River Valley at Contact Rapids (1.5 km south of latitude 56º45'; latitude 109º30'), Saskatchewan. View towards the north. Scarp of Middle Devonian Methy dolomite at right. Dolomite underlies the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation outcrops recessed in the valley walls. Photo by J.E. Christopher. Additional copies of this digital report may be obtained by contacting: Saskatchewan Industry and Resources Publications 2101 Scarth Street, 3rd floor Regina, SK S4P 3V7 (306) 787-2528 FAX: (306) 787-2527 E-mail: [email protected] Recommended Citation: Christopher, J.E. (2003): Jura-Cretaceous Success Formation and Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group of Saskatchewan; Sask. Industry and Resources, Report 223, CD-ROM. Editors: C.F. Gilboy C.T. Harper D.F. Paterson RnD Technical Production: E.H. Nickel M.E. Opseth Production Editor: C.L. Brown Saskatchewan Industry and Resources ii Report 223 Foreword This report, the first on CD to be released by the Petroleum Geology Branch, describes the geology of the Success Formation and the Mannville Group wherever these units are present in Saskatchewan.
    [Show full text]
  • Devonian Plant Fossils a Window Into the Past
    EPPC 2018 Sponsors Academic Partners PROGRAM & ABSTRACTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Scientific Committee: Zhe-kun Zhou Angelica Feurdean Jenny McElwain, Chair Tao Su Walter Finsinger Fraser Mitchell Lutz Kunzmann Graciela Gil Romera Paddy Orr Lisa Boucher Lyudmila Shumilovskikh Geoffrey Clayton Elizabeth Wheeler Walter Finsinger Matthew Parkes Evelyn Kustatscher Eniko Magyari Colin Kelleher Niall W. Paterson Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos Benjamin Bomfleur Benjamin Dietre Convenors: Matthew Pound Fabienne Marret-Davies Marco Vecoli Ulrich Salzmann Havandanda Ombashi Charles Wellman Wolfram M. Kürschner Jiri Kvacek Reed Wicander Heather Pardoe Ruth Stockey Hartmut Jäger Christopher Cleal Dieter Uhl Ellen Stolle Jiri Kvacek Maria Barbacka José Bienvenido Diez Ferrer Borja Cascales-Miñana Hans Kerp Friðgeir Grímsson José B. Diez Patricia Ryberg Christa-Charlotte Hofmann Xin Wang Dimitrios Velitzelos Reinhard Zetter Charilaos Yiotis Peta Hayes Jean Nicolas Haas Joseph D. White Fraser Mitchell Benjamin Dietre Jennifer C. McElwain Jenny McElwain Marie-José Gaillard Paul Kenrick Furong Li Christine Strullu-Derrien Graphic and Website Design: Ralph Fyfe Chris Berry Peter Lang Irina Delusina Margaret E. Collinson Tiiu Koff Andrew C. Scott Linnean Society Award Selection Panel: Elena Severova Barry Lomax Wuu Kuang Soh Carla J. Harper Phillip Jardine Eamon haughey Michael Krings Daniela Festi Amanda Porter Gar Rothwell Keith Bennett Kamila Kwasniewska Cindy V. Looy William Fletcher Claire M. Belcher Alistair Seddon Conference Organization: Jonathan P. Wilson
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Nacional Del Comahue Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche
    Universidad Nacional del Comahue Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche Título de la Tesis Microanatomía y osteohistología del caparazón de los Testudinata del Mesozoico y Cenozoico de Argentina: Aspectos sistemáticos y paleoecológicos implicados Trabajo de Tesis para optar al Título de Doctor en Biología Tesista: Lic. en Ciencias Biológicas Juan Marcos Jannello Director: Dr. Ignacio A. Cerda Co-director: Dr. Marcelo S. de la Fuente 2018 Tesis Doctoral UNCo J. Marcos Jannello 2018 Resumen Las inusuales estructuras óseas observadas entre los vertebrados, como el cuello largo de la jirafa o el cráneo en forma de T del tiburón martillo, han interesado a los científicos desde hace mucho tiempo. Uno de estos casos es el clado Testudinata el cual representa uno de los grupos más fascinantes y enigmáticos conocidos entre de los amniotas. Su inconfundible plan corporal, que ha persistido desde el Triásico tardío hasta la actualidad, se caracteriza por la presencia del caparazón, el cual encierra a las cinturas, tanto pectoral como pélvica, dentro de la caja torácica desarrollada. Esta estructura les ha permitido a las tortugas adaptarse con éxito a diversos ambientes (por ejemplo, terrestres, acuáticos continentales, marinos costeros e incluso marinos pelágicos). Su capacidad para habitar diferentes nichos ecológicos, su importante diversidad taxonómica y su plan corporal particular hacen de los Testudinata un modelo de estudio muy atrayente dentro de los vertebrados. Una disciplina que ha demostrado ser una herramienta muy importante para abordar varios temas relacionados al caparazón de las tortugas, es la paleohistología. Esta disciplina se ha involucrado en temas diversos tales como el origen del caparazón, el origen del desarrollo y mantenimiento de la ornamentación, la paleoecología y la sistemática.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Cranial Anatomy of the Polycotylid Plesiosaurs, Including New Material of Polycotylus Latipinnis, Cope, from Alabama F
    Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Biological Sciences Faculty Research Biological Sciences 2004 On the cranial anatomy of the polycotylid plesiosaurs, including new material of Polycotylus latipinnis, Cope, from Alabama F. Robin O’Keefe Marshall University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/bio_sciences_faculty Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation O’Keefe, F. R. 2004. On the cranial anatomy of the polycotylid plesiosaurs, including new material of Polycotylus latipinnis, Cope, from Alabama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(2):326–340. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. ON THE CRANIAL ANATOMY OF THE POLYCOTYLID PLESIOSAURS, INCLUDING NEW MATERIAL OF POLYCOTYLUS LATIPINNIS, COPE, FROM ALABAMA F. ROBIN O’KEEFE Department of Anatomy, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York 11568, U.S.A., [email protected] ABSTRACT—The cranial anatomy of plesiosaurs in the family Polycotylidae (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) has received renewed attention recently because various skull characters are thought to indicate plesiosauroid, rather than plio- sauroid, affinities for this family. New data on the cranial anatomy of polycotylid plesiosaurs is presented, and is shown to compare closely to the structure of cryptocleidoid plesiosaurs. The morphology of known polycotylid taxa is reported and discussed, and a preliminary phylogenetic analysis is used to establish ingroup relationships of the Cryptocleidoidea.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dinosaur Park - Bearpaw Formation Transition in the Cypress Hills Region of Southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada Meagan M
    The Dinosaur Park - Bearpaw Formation Transition in the Cypress Hills Region of Southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada Meagan M. Gilbert Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan; [email protected] Summary The Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) is a south- and eastward-thinning fluvial to marginal marine clastic-wedge in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. The DPF is overlain by the Bearpaw Formation (BF), a fully marine clastic succession representing the final major transgression of the epicontinental Western Interior Seaway (WIS) across western North America. In southwestern Saskatchewan, the DPF is comprised of marginal marine coal, carbonaceous shale, and heterolithic siltstone and sandstone grading vertically into marine sandstone and shale of the Bearpaw Formation. Due to Saskatchewan’s proximity to the paleocoastline, 5th order transgressive cycles resulted in the deposition of multiple coal seams (Lethbridge Coal Zone; LCZ) in the upper two-thirds of the DPF in the study area. The estimated total volume of coal is 48109 m3, with a gas potential of 46109 m3 (Frank, 2005). The focus of this study is to characterize the facies and facies associations of the DPF, the newly erected Manâtakâw Member, and the lower BF in the Cypress Hills region of southwestern Saskatchewan utilizing core, outcrop, and geophysical well log data. This study provides a comprehensive sequence stratigraphic overview of the DPF-BF transition in Saskatchewan and the potential for coalbed methane exploration. Introduction The Dinosaur Park and Bearpaw Formations in Alberta, and its equivalents in Montana, have been the focus of several sedimentologic and stratigraphic studies due to exceptional outcrop exposure and extensive subsurface data (e.g., McLean, 1971; Wood, 1985, 1989; Eberth and Hamblin, 1993; Tsujita, 1995; Catuneanu et al., 1997; Hamblin, 1997; Rogers et al., 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • TGI Strat Column 2009.Cdr
    STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION CHART TGI II: Williston Basin Architecture and Hydrocarbon Potential in Eastern Saskatchewan and Western Manitoba EASTERN MANITOBA PERIOD MANITOBA SUBSURFACE SASKATCHEWAN OUTCROP ERA glacial drift glacial drift glacial drift Quaternary Wood Mountain Formation Peace Garden Peace Garden Member Tertiary Member Ravenscrag Formation CENOZOIC Formation Goodlands Member Formation Goodlands Member Turtle Mountain Turtle Mountain Turtle Frenchman Formation Whitemud Formation Boissevain Formation Boissevain Formation Eastend Formation Coulter Member Coulter Member Bearpaw Formation Odanah Member Belly River “marker” Odanah Member Belly River Formation “lower” Odanah Member Millwood Member Lea Park Formation Millwood Member MONTANA GROUP Pembina Member Pembina Member Pierre Shale Pierre Shale Milk River Formation Gammon Ferruginous Member Gammon Ferruginous Member Niobrara Formation Chalky Unit Boyne Member Boyne Member Boyne Calcareous Shale Unit Member Carlile Morden Member Carlile upper Formation Morden Member Formation Morden Member Carlile Formation Assiniboine Marco Calcarenite Assiniboine Member Member CRETACEOUS Second White Specks Laurier Limestone Beds Favel Favel Keld Keld Member Member Formation Formation Belle Fourche Formation Belle Fourche Member MESOZOIC COLORADO GROUP Belle Fourche Member upper Fish Scale Formation Fish Scale Zone upper Base of Fish Scale marker Base of Fish Scale marker Westgate Formation Westgate Member lower Westgate Member Newcastle Formation Newcastle Member lower Viking Sandstone
    [Show full text]