2. Register of Protected Areas

2. Register of protected areas

Pursuant to Article 6 and Annex IV of the WFD, Figure 2.1 protected areas encompass areas requiring special International nature protection under speciﬁ c Community legislation, protection sites indicat- aimed among other things, at conserving habitats ing wetland habitats and plant and animal species directly depending within Odense River on water. Basin. It is unclear whether this alone encompasses areas designated under the Habitats Directive Wetlands in and Birds Directive, or whether it also encom- Odense River Basin passes areas protected under national legislation Wetlands within inter- (protected areas, reserves, areas encompassed by national protection areas International protection Section 3 of the Protection of Nature Act) and areas, watercourses International protection regional areas (e.g. biological protection areas areas designated in the Regional Plan and the quality objectives set in the Regional Plan for areas protected by Section 3 of the Protection of Nature Act). Areas encompassed by agreements on agri- environmental measures are described because this is one of the measures to ensure compliance with the objectives of the Nitrates Directive in Denmark. These areas can either be considered as international or national/regional protection areas in that ﬁ nancing derives from both the EU and the Danish State. The areas are protected for 5 or 20 years depending on the duration of the agreement. These areas are discussed in the section on national/regional protected habitat types. The present register covers areas within Figure 2.2 Areas encompassed by Odense River Basin encompassed by EU legis- N agri-environmental lation as well as areas encompassed by national agreements in Odense legislation. River Basin as per 1 January 2003. International protected areas The international protected areas encompass EC Habitat Sites and EC Bird Protection Sites. Within Odense River Basin there are seven international protected areas. These are indicated in Figure 2.1 indicating their boundaries and content of water-dependent habitat types.

EC Habitat Sites Within Odense River Basin, seven EC Habitat Sites have been designated specifying the water- dependent habitats and species that the sites were designated to protect (Annex 2.1). No systematic registration of the occurrence of water-dependent habitat types is available.

EC Bird Protection Sites Within Odense River Basin, three EC Bird Pro- 0 5 10 km tection Sites have been designated specifying the bird species that the sites are designated to protect (Annex 2.2).

Odense PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 67 2. Register of protected areas

Distribution of protected habitat types 450 National/regional protected habitat types Coastal meadows Many habitat types are protected via the national Figure 2.3 375 Freshwater meadows legislation, including the Protection of Nature Areal distribution Mires of terrestrial, water- Act and the Game Act. These areas are termed 300 dependent protected “national protected habitat types”. habitat types within In addition, Fyn County has drawn up a Re- 225 Odense River Basin. gional Plan pursuant to the Planning Act that 150 speciﬁ es guidelines for administration of various No. of localities of No. legislation. The guidelines accord special consid- 75 eration to the areas that are designated as special protection areas in the Regional Plan and areas 0 assigned a high quality objective in the Nature Quality Plan for the protected habitat types. The 0.5-2 0.1-0.199 0.2-0.499 special protection areas and the protected habitat 0-0.00249 0.01-0.049 0.05-0.099 0.0025-0.0099 types assigned a high quality objective are together termed “regional protected habitat types”. Protected habitat types within and In addition to the areas designated in the outside international protection areas Regional Plan, there are areas designated as En- 25 Figure 2.4 vironmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs). Within Outside Number and total area these areas, farmers may apply for support for Within of each type of water- 20 agri-environmental measures. dependent protected Areas encompassed by agri-environmental ) 2 habitat type within 15 agreements, which are co-ﬁ nanced by the EU and outside interna- (50%), must be considered as areas that are tional nature protec- encompassed by temporary international and

Area (km 10 tion sites in Odense national protection of varying duration (5 or 20 River Basin. 5 years). A very small number of such agreements in the Odense River Basin have been rendered permanent. The majority of the areas will be 0 protected for 5 or 20 years depending on the Coastal Lakes Freshwater Mires meadows meadows duration of the agreement. Areas encompassed by agri-environmental agreements are indicated in Figure 2.2. The agri- Protected habitat types within and environmental agreements pertaining in Odense outside international protection areas 3000 River Basin as of 1 January 2003 encompassed Outside 14.35 km2 of lowland, of which 3.04 km2 is wet Within meadow.

2000 National protected habitat types As mentioned in Section 1.6.1, a survey has been made of the water-dependent natural habitat 1000 types in Odense River Basin that are encom- No. of localities of No. passed by Section 3 of the Protection of Nature Act. The total number and area of these habitat types is indicated in Table 2.1. 0 The size distribution of the three types of Coastal Lakes Freshwater Mires water-dependent terrestrial protected habitat is meadows meadows shown in Figure 2.3. As is apparent from the ﬁ gure, by far the majority of the protected habitats are smaller than 0.05 km2. It is also apparent, moreover, that coastal meadows differ from mires and freshwater meadows in that a relatively greater proportion of them are large. The location of the water-dependent protected habitat types in Odense River Basin is indicated in Figure 1.6.1. The number and total area of

Odense 68 PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 2. Register of protected areas

Objective for protected habitat types each type of water-dependent protected habitat 700 within and outside the international protected Coastal meadows Figure 2.5 areas is shown in Figure 2.4. From the ﬁ gure it 600 Freshwater meadows Number and area can be seen that the majority of the coastal mead- Mires of coastal meadows, 500 ows (both number of habitats and total area) are freshwater meadows and mires apportioned located within the international protected areas. 400 according to quality Conversely, less than 10% of the lake, freshwater 300 objective stipulated meadow and mire habitats are located within in the Nature Quality these areas. The international protected areas localities of No. 200 Plan for Odense River contain the largest lakes and mires, though. Basin. 100 In Odense River Basin there are large areas that have been or are in the process of being des- 0 ignated as national protected areas. The largest ABCD of these are: • River Odense ﬂ oodplain (9.11 km2) • Lake Arreskov incl. surroundings (8.27 km2) Objective for protected habitat types • 10 Lake Brændegaard/lake Nørresø incl. sur- Coastal meadows 2 roundings (5.32 km ) Freshwater meadows 8 • Enebærodde Spit with adjoining coastal mead- Mires 2 )

ows and islands (2.45 km ) 2 • Storelung raised bog (0.26 km2) 6 • Urup Dam mire (0.20 km2).

Area (km 4 In addition, the following areas are game reserves: 2 • Odense Fjord (63.08 km2) • Northern part of Lake Arreskov (2.54 km2). 0 ABCD Wetlands re-established under Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment II, which is fi nanced nationally and regionally, are encompassed by Protected habitat Area Table 2.1 Number permanent protection at the national/regional types (km2) Number and area of habitat types in level. The areas are encompassed by agreements Coastal meadows 44 4.80 – recorded in the Land Registry under the Odense River Basin property in question – permanently designat- Lakes 2 623 11.06 protected under the Protection of Nature ing the land as wetland. See also Section 1.6 on Freshwater meadows 885 17.40 Act. wetlands. Mires 976 22.06 Regional protected habitat types Total 4 528 55.32 All terrestrial habitat types encompassed by Section 3 of the Protection of Nature Act are assigned one of the following four quality objectives in the Nature Quality Plan, which is part of a low quality objective (C or D). From the area the Regional Plan: point of view, in contrast, the greatest proportion of the area is encompassed by high quality A – Areas of international or national impor- objectives (A or B). tance B – Areas of national or regional importance Transitional waters and coastal waters C – Areas of regional importance Article 6 of the WFD stipulates among other D – Areas of regional or local importance. things that coastal areas designated pursuant to the Shellfi sh Waters, Bathing Water, Nitrates, Ur- The distribution of coastal meadows, freshwater ban Waste Water, Habitats and Birds Directives meadows and mires in Odense River Basin ac- have to be registered. cording to these quality objectives is shown in The Shellfi sh Waters Directive (79/923/EEC) Figure 2.5. As is apparent from the fi gure, by has hitherto been administered in Denmark far the majority of localities have been assigned through regional planning, but will now be

Odense PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 69 2. Register of protected areas

Figure 2.6 formally implemented through the coming leg- Areas within Odense Northern Belt Sea islation on the WFD. Fyn County’s Regional River Basin designated as bathing areas pur- Plan stipulates a general guideline stating that suant to the Bathing areas that are naturally suitable for the purpose Water Directive. Note can be designated as shellﬁ sh waters. The inner that no areas within part of Odense Fjord (Seden Strand) is assessed Odense Fjord have as not being suitable as shellﬁ sh waters, among been designated as other reasons due to the salinity conditions in the bathing areas, but only fjord. Such an assessment has not been made for areas along part of the the outer part of Odense Fjord and for the border coast adjoining the bor- E g e zone outside the fjord. der zone. n G OTTERUP s e a D Odense b Pursuant to the Bathing Water Directive (76/ e e e Fjord t p 160/EEC), a number of beaches alongside the Outer fjord border zone outside the fjord have been designated as bathing areas (Figure 2.6), cf. also Dan-

0 5 km ish Environmental Protection Agency Statutory MUNKEBO KERTEMINDE Seden Order No. 292 of 23 June 1983. All the areas in

Figure 2.7 (left) The international BårdesøBårdesø Natura 2000 Site (Hab- itat Site and EC Bird Protection Site) and VellingeVellinge wildlife reserves. HasmarkHasmark DrejetDrejet MartofteMartofte

RomsøRomsø VigsnæsVigsnæs FjordmarkenFjordmarken FjordmarkenFjordmarken LeammerLeammer SkovenSkoven DalbyDalby BugtBugt LystbådehavnLystbådehavn KyholmKyholm EnebæroddeEnebærodde GabetGabet DalbyDalby BågøBågø LodshuseLodshuse EgenseEgense DybDyb LodshuseLodshuse OtterupOtterup FirtalsstrandFirtalsstrand ØlundØlund MesingeMesinge LammesøLammesø MesingeMesinge

OdenseOdense FjordFjord GersøGersø DørholmDørholm GersøGersø FlintholmFlintholm KlintebjergKlintebjerg RoholmRoholm LundeLunde ÅÅ LindøværftetLindøværftet LumbyLumby InddæmmedeInddæmmede StrandStrand VigelsøVigelsø LindøværftetLindøværftet DræbyDræby FedFed MunkeboMunkebo Kerte-Kerte- uumbmbyy TornøTornø mindeminde

SedenSeden StrandStrand Wildlife reserve regulations On water KertingeKertinge On land Entry and hunting waterbirds StigeStige Entry and hunting prohibited. NorNor prohibited. ndderupderuperup Hunting prohibited. Sailing motorboats at more than 6 knots prohibited. Hunting waterbirds prohibited. OdenseOdense KanalKanal BullerupBullerup Hunting from motorboats prohibited. Entry prohibited from 1 April to 15 July. Entry prohibited from 1 April to 15 July. Hunting waterbirds prohibited. 0 1 2 International nature protection area. OdenseOdense km

Odense 70 PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 2. Register of protected areas

question met the bathing water quality criteria tives in Odense Fjord or its border zone. when assessed in 2002. Due to the natural qualities of Odense Fjord, The Nitrates Directive (91/676/EEC) and the the western and southern part of the fjord is des- Urban Waste Water Directive (91/271/EEC) ignated as an international protected area (Figure have been implemented in Denmark in such a 2.7, left) pursuant to the Habitats Directive (92/ way that the whole of the country has been des- 43/EEC) and the Birds Directive (79/409/EEC), ignated as a nutrient-sensitive area. Odense Fjord as well as Danish Environmental Protection and the border zone together with all groundwa- Agency Statutory Order No. 447 of 7 June 2003. ter bodies in the basin are thus also encompassed In 1983, the area was designated as an EC Bird by this designation, and hence encompassed by Protection Site due to the presence of interna- the measures generally implemented in Den- tionally important concentrations of water birds, mark pursuant to Action Plans on the Aquatic as well as large breeding colonies of coastal birds. Environment I+II to fulfi l the requirements of In 1999, the same area was designated as a Habitat the Directives, cf. also Danish Environmental Site with special obligations to conserve and im- Protection Agency Statutory Order No. 501 of prove habitat types such as “Large shallow inlets 21 June 1999. Thus no sensitive areas have been and bays”, “Mudfl ats and sandfl ats not covered separately designated pursuant to these Direc- by seawater at low tide” and “Juniperus communis

Figure 2.7 (right) BårdesøBårdesø Areas with ﬁ shing restrictions in Odense Fjord. VellingeVellinge

HasmarkHasmark DrejetDrejet MartofteMartofte

SedenSeden StrandStrand KertingeKertinge StigeStige NorNor Year-round 500-m preservation In this area fishing with hanging nets is prohibited, ndderupderuperup zone (Sect. 1). and fishery with rods and similar light handheld gear is prohibited from 1 October to 28 (29) OdenseOdense KanalKanal February (Sect. 9). BullerupBullerup 500-m preservation zone during the period In this area fishery - other than fishery with traps 16 September to 15 January (Sect. 2). and flounder nets - is prohibited from 1 October to 28 (29) Febryary (Sect. 10). OdenseOdense 0 1 2 OdenseOdense km

Odense PRB Odense Pilot River Basin 71 2. Register of protected areas

Figure 2.8 of the fjord, among other reasons to promote Location of protected achievement of the Habitats Directive objec- aquifers/groundwater bodies in and near the tives (Figure 2.7, left). In the Statutory Order on Odense River Basin. protected zones around Fyn, ﬁ shery in the fjord is subject to certain restrictions, among other Protected areas Odense River Basin reasons to ensure free passage for ﬁ sh such as sea trout (Figure 2.7, right).

Groundwater In connection with the WFD Article 5 charac- terization and analysis, areas designated for the abstraction of water for human consumption have to be designated as protected areas pursuant to Article 6 of the WFD. These areas thus correspond to:

• Aquifers/groundwater bodies from which more than 3 650 m3 is abstracted for human consumption per year • Aquifers/groundwater bodies intended for such future use.

On this basis, a total of 33 aquifers/groundwater formations on heaths or calcareous grasslands” bodies have been designated as protected areas. (see Annex 2.1 and 2.2). To a large extent these correspond to the aquifers Among other things, designation as an interna- listed in Table 1.7.2. The only aquifer that has not tional protected area has to be taken into account been designated as a protected area is the Seden- in regional planning. The northwestern part of Bullerup aquifer (No. 41). Odense Fjord at Egense Deep has been desig- With 27 of these aquifers, abstraction for hu- nated as a “reference area for scientifi c studies” man consumption exceeds 3 650 m3 per year. The in Fyn County’s Regional Plan for 2001–2013. remaining six have been designated because it is The quality objective assigned to the remainder the intention to abstract water for human con- of the fjord is “fi sh waters for angling and/or fi sh- sumption in excess of 3 650 m3. ery” and, where the natural conditions permit, Aquifers/groundwater bodies from which it is “spawning and/or nursery grounds for fi sh” (see intended to abstract water for the drinking wa- Figure 1.8.8). ter supply are designated on the basis of central Parts of Odense Fjord have been designated location in relation to waterworks and consum- as game reserves since 1 September 1996, with ers, good natural protection, land use and good access and hunting prohibitions in certain parts groundwater quality. The location and extent of the protected areas are indicated in Figure 2.8.

Odense 72 PRB Odense Pilot River Basin