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The Military Units' Logistic Support Principles Land Forces Academy Review Vol. XXIV, No 1(93), 2019 THE MILITARY UNITS’ LOGISTIC SUPPORT PRINCIPLES Sorin PÎNZARIU “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy, Sibiu, Romania [email protected] Costel-Dorel MÎNEA Ministry of National Defense, Bucharest, Romania [email protected] ABSTRACT The fundamental objective of the military units’ logistic system during peacetime is ensuring necessary logistic support for the military personnel to properly carry out the training and instruction activities in order to fulfill the missions assigned to the military units at every hierachical level. Concurrently, the logistic system of the military units during peacetime tracks the supply of material assets for emergency situations, crisis, mobilization and war. Achieving logistic support for military units during peacetime depends on a number of principles that underpin the provision of high-quality logistic support necessary for the fulfillment of the basic mission and the fundamental objectives of each military structure. KEYWORDS: logistics, logistic sistem, logistic support, principles 1. Introduction adapt to the states, situations and processes The permanent transformation of the that take place during military action. national defense system at the same time Military actions, and especially war, generated the modernization of the military are the confrontation between opposing and logistics system, perceived not only as a hostile forces, where moral factors such as central point of the future of military fear, courage, will, spirit of sacrifice are actions, but also as a point of support for often more important than physical and the struggling forces effort to train and mental factors. Logistics and logistic prepare in time peace with the same logistic support during military action and support and under the same conditions especially at war play an important role in generated by the battlefield. the cohesiveness of the fighting forces, but The Romanian Army’s fighting the same importance and influence also forces, irrespective of the hierarchical level have on the training and training of troops of the military unit, are constantly evolving in peacetime. We believe that by providing due to the changes imposed by the modern, the necessary for living and struggling, multi-national military actions. For this logistics and logistic support make it reason, the logistic systems that follow and possible to provide personal needs, support these forces must evolve in a allowing the military to concentrate their similar way, is quickly and efficiently. efforts on fulfilling the mission. A flexible An optimal logistics system will always be logistics system led by logisticsists who a stable structure with components easy to possess economical knowledges, meaning DOI: 10.2478/raft-2019-0002 © 2017. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. 20 they are correct and have an innovative spirit, the main purpose of their use is to plan and can give commanders and commandments execute the training and training of the fighting from all echelons the moral authority over forces. At the same time, the basic principles those who lead them in action and who thus of logistic support “can be supplemented with feel they are useful. other principles specific to functional logistics In other words, an optimal and efficient logistical support of the military areas” (NATO, 2014, p. 1-5). units to peace, based on clear and coherent In the light of the above, we believe principles, strengthens the moral authority that the principles of logistical support to of the commanders, but also has a profound peace must be considered in the light of two effect on the morale of the combat forces important objectives of the “Principal being trained for military action. Action Plan” of each military unit, namely: That is why the principles of logistic training and training of combat forces; the support are very important in delivering creation of peacetime supplies and war quality logistic support to each military supplies. Based on these considerations, we unit, regardless of the scale they are in. appreciate that the logistical support of Their importance also results from the fact peacetime military units is carried out and that the logistic support in time, comes operates on the basis of principles, which from the use of the logistics principles by are not specified, defined, explained in any all the logistic structures involved in the regulation national, and therefore we military activity or action. These properly propose to adapt those specific to military applied principles underpin the implementation actions as follows: of effective logistical support and, when 2.1. Efficiency can be a basic strictly adhered to, increase the chances of principle of logistical support in peacetime successfully completing the planned military as it implies the rational use of material activities and actions. assets at its disposal through careful planning and careful planning of the tasks 2. General Principles of Logistical set out in the “Plan of Main Activities” and Support of Peacetime “List with the essential requirements” for The principles of logistical support of the fulfillment of the basic mission for each peacetime military units are based on the military unit, regardless of the hierarchical principles of logistical support for military level in which they are located. action or war and are applicable to activities Material resources of good quality planned through the “Plan of Main needed to prepare and train peacekeeping Activities” of each military unit. Analyzing forces are usually difficult to obtain due to the principles of peacetime logistics support limited funds allocated through the revenue and NATO logistics documents, we have and expenditure budget. In this case, the use noticed that the principles of logistical of stocks and stocks of material goods is support are the same and apply to both used, but filling them up is a problem military activities during peace time and caused by the insufficiency of funds from military actions during a war, such as: the approved budget and complicated authority, coordination, efficiency, procurement procedures. accountability, flexibility, visibility, In this respect, the logistic cooperation, sufficiency, transparency and microstructures of the military units draw simplicity. These principles are found in the up and submit annually requests for Romanian legal framework and can be completing the reserves and stocks, as well applied by the commanders of the logistic as requests for endowment/endowment with support and peacetime structures, noting that material goods used in the training and training of peacekeeping forces. In their 21 turn, the superior echelons have, through the 2.2. Visibility is an important specifications they send to the military units principle used in the process of developing for the “Plan with the main activities”, that the “Main Activities Plans” of peacetime the endowment of the fighting forces and the military units, as this principle must lead to filling of the reserves and the stock of the achievement of sufficient, efficient materials are made on the basis of the logistic support, taking into account all “Essential Requirements List”, the one that changes in the activities underlying the the basic mission received. training and training of combat forces. We believe that this principle is Regardless of the nature of the fundamental important because the material resources are objectives and the basic mission of each exhaustible and the economy is permanently military unit, visibility and transparency of represented by the reality of the purchase of resources are essential for the smooth cheap materials. Heads of logistics structures running of the tasks outlined in the “Main in military units must identify from time to Activities Plan”. Visibility involves the time the real needs of the fighters being trained provision of accurate and timely exchange to optimize the use of material assets available of information between peacekeeping at a certain stage of military action. Material militaries in order to prioritize resources planning should take into account supply/replenishment activities at the same the saving and optimization of the use of time as fulfilling the core mission and core logistical support to ensure the fulfillment of objectives set out in the “Main Activities the basic mission of the military unit in Plan” of each military unit. peacetime, regardless of its hierarchical level. We appreciate that the application of By doing so in parallel with multinational this principle is based on the military operations, we note that this principle implementation of an integrated logistics requires a broader approach in the sense that program that allows for the permanent logistical capabilities and resources are used in exchange of data in order to prepare order of priority, with minimal consumption, in situations with the necessary material goods order to optimize the existing logistic support, to meet the real needs of the fighting forces to eliminate the doubling of the quantities of but to ensure the availability of the material material goods in the area of the joint goods at any time and in time, regardless of operations. This optics is supported by the the mission entrusted in peacetime. techniques and methods used in the 2.3. Sufficiency highlights the ability multinational logistic support, which can to provide essential,
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