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Supreme Court
THE SUPREME COURT MAURA D. CORRIGAN, CHIEF JUSTICE State Court Administrative Office P.O. Box 30048, Lansing, MI 48909 Phone: (517) 373-0130 Under the territorial government of Michigan established in 1805, the supreme court consisted of a chief judge and 2 associate judges appointed by the President of the United States. Under the “second” grade of territorial government established in 1824, the term of office was limited to 4 years. First Grade Augustus B. Woodward . 1805-1824 James Witherell . 1805-1824 Frederick Bates . 1805-1808 John Griffin . 1806-1824 Second Grade James Witherell . 1824-1828 William Woodbridge . 1828-1832 John Hunt . 1824-1827 George Morrell . 1832-1837 Solomon Sibley . 1824-1837 Ross Wilkins . 1832-1837 Henry Chipman . 1827-1832 The Constitution of 1835 provided for a supreme court, the judges of which were appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, for 7-year terms. In 1836 the legislature provided for a chief justice and 2 associate justices. The state was then divided into 3 circuits and the supreme court was required to hold an annual term in each circuit. The Revised Statutes of 1838 provided for a chief justice and 3 associate justices. The Constitution of 1850 provided for a term of 6 years and that the judges of the 5 circuit courts be judges of the supreme court. In 1857, the legislature reorganized the supreme court to consist of a chief justice and 3 associate justices to be elected for 8-year terms. The number of justices was increased to 5 by the legislature in 1887. -
Elias Hill and The
RAC0010.1177/0306396815608357Race & ClassKelly 608357research-article2015 SAGE Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC Jubilee and the limits of African American freedom after Emancipation BRIAN KELLY Abstract: Scholarship generated in the post-civil rights US underpins a growing consensus that any honest confrontation with the American past requires an acknowledgment both of the nation’s foundations in racially-based slave labour and of the critical role that the enslaved played in ending that system. But scholars equally need to examine why the end of slavery did not deliver freedom, but instead – after a short-lived ‘jubilee’ during which freedpeople savoured their ‘brief moment in the sun’ – opened up a period of extreme repression and violence. This article traces the political trajectory of one prominent ex-slave and Republican party organiser, Elias Hill, to assess the constraints in which black grassroots activists operated. Though mainly concerned with the dashed hopes of African Americans, their experience of a steep reversal is in many ways the shared and profoundly significant legacy of ex-slaves across the former plantation societies of the Atlantic world. Brian Kelly, reader in US history at Queen’s University Belfast, has published widely on the prob- lem of racial antagonism and its impact on working-class politics in the US. His first book, Race, Class and Power in the Alabama Coalfields, 1908–1921 (Illinois, 2001), won the Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize. Former director of the After Slavery Project, he is co-editor with Bruce Baker of After Slavery: race, labor and citizenship in the Reconstruction South (Florida, 2013), and is completing an extended monograph on grassroots black political mobilisation in Reconstruction South Carolina. -
The Judicial Branch
Chapter V THE JUDICIAL BRANCH The Judicial Branch . 341 The Supreme Court . 342 The Court of Appeals . 353 Michigan Trial Courts . 365 Judicial Branch Agencies . 381 2013– 2014 ORGANIZATION OF THE JUDICIAL BRANCH Supreme Court 7 Justices State Court Administrative Office Court of Appeals (4 Districts) 28 Judges Circuit Court Court of Claims (57 Circuits) Hears claims against the 218 Judges State. This is a function of General Jurisdiction the 30th Judicial Circuit Court, includes Court (Ingham County). Family Division Probate District Court Municipal Court (78 Courts) (104 Districts) (4 Courts) 103 Judges 248 Judges 4 Judges Certain types of cases may be appealed directly to the Court of Appeals. The Constitution of the State of Michigan of 1963 provides that “The judicial power of the state is vested exclusively in one court of justice which shall be divided into one supreme court, one court of appeals, one trial court of general jurisdiction known as the circuit court, one probate court, and courts of limited jurisdiction that the legislature may establish by a two-thirds vote of the members elected to and serving in each house.” Michigan Manual 2013 -2014 Chapter V – THE JUDICIAL BRANCH • 341 THE SUPREME COURT JUSTICES OF THE MICHIGAN SUPREME COURT Term expires ROBERT P. YOUNG, JR., Chief Justice . Jan. 1, 2019 MICHAEL F. CAVANAGH . Jan. 1, 2015 MARY BETH KELLY . Jan. 1, 2019 STEPHEN J. MARKMAN . Jan. 1, 2021 BRIDGET MARY MCCORMACK . Jan. 1, 2021 DAVID F. VIVIANO . Jan. 1, 2015 BRIAN K. ZAHRA . Jan. 1, 2015 www.courts.mi.gov/supremecourt History Under the territorial government of Michigan established in 1805, the supreme court consisted of a chief judge and two associate judges appointed by the President of the United States. -
The Law, Courts and Lawyers in the Frontier Days of Minnesota: an Informal Legal History of the Years 1835 to 1865 Robert J
William Mitchell Law Review Volume 2 | Issue 1 Article 1 1976 The Law, Courts and Lawyers in the Frontier Days of Minnesota: An Informal Legal History of the Years 1835 to 1865 Robert J. Sheran Timothy J. Baland Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr Recommended Citation Sheran, Robert J. and Baland, Timothy J. (1976) "The Law, Courts and Lawyers in the Frontier Days of Minnesota: An Informal Legal History of the Years 1835 to 1865," William Mitchell Law Review: Vol. 2: Iss. 1, Article 1. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/wmlr/vol2/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in William Mitchell Law Review by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Sheran and Baland: The Law, Courts and Lawyers in the Frontier Days of Minnesota: An THE LAW, COURTS, AND LAWYERS IN THE FRONTIER DAYS OF MINNESOTA: AN INFORMAL LEGAL HISTORY OF THE YEARS 1835 TO 1865* By ROBERT J. SHERANt Chief Justice, Minnesota Supreme Court and Timothy J. Balandtt In this article Chief Justice Sheran and Mr. Baland trace the early history of the legal system in Minnesota. The formative years of the Minnesota court system and the individuals and events which shaped them are discussed with an eye towards the lasting contributionswhich they made to the system of today in this, our Bicentennialyear. -
Horses: the Army’S Achilles’ Heel in the Civil War Plains Campaigns of 1864- 1865
Horses: The Army’s Achilles’ Heel in the Civil War Plains Campaigns of 1864- 1865 (Article begins on page 2 below.) This article is copyrighted by History Nebraska (formerly the Nebraska State Historical Society). You may download it for your personal use. For permission to re-use materials, or for photo ordering information, see: https://history.nebraska.gov/publications/re-use-nshs-materials Learn more about Nebraska History (and search articles) here: https://history.nebraska.gov/publications/nebraska-history-magazine History Nebraska members receive four issues of Nebraska History annually: https://history.nebraska.gov/get-involved/membership Full Citation: James E Potter, “Horses: The Army’s Achilles’ Heel in the Civil War Plains Campaigns of 1864- 1865, Nebraska History 92 (2011): 158-169 Article Summary: Civil War armies relied heavily on horses. Armies in the field equipped with artillery, cavalry, and supply trains required one horse or mule, on average, for every two men. Horses fit for service became scarce by the war’s final years. Far from the major eastern battlefields, regiments such as the First Nebraska Volunteer Cavalry felt the brunt of the equine shortage. Cataloging Information: Names: Henry Sibley, Alfred Sully, Robert B Mitchell, Robert Livingston, Patrick Connor, Grenville Dodge, August Scherneckau, John Pope, Henry Halleck Place Names: Fort Kearny and Fort Cottonwood, Nebraska; Fort Leavenworth, Kansas; Julesburg, Colorado; Fort Laramie, Wyoming; St. Louis, Missouri Keywords: Grenville Dodge, John Pope, First Nebraska Volunteer Cavalry, supply lines, Confederacy, Union, Powder River Expedition Photographs / Images: Custer’s supply train, Black Hills Expedition, 1874; Pvt. Luther North, Second Nebraska Volunteer Cavalry, 1863; “Cavalry Charge of Sully’s Brigade at the Battle of White Stone Hill, September 3, 1863,” Harper’s Weekly, October 31, 1863; District of Nebraska commander Brig. -
Download the Full Report 2007 5.Pdf PDF 1.8 MB
The Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Directory of Columbia River Basin Tribes Council Document Number: 2007-05 Table of Contents I. Introduction 1 II. Tribes and Tribal Confederations 5 The Burns Paiute Tribe 7 The Coeur d’Alene Tribe 9 The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation 12 The Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation 15 The Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation 18 The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon 21 The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation 23 The Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon 25 The Kalispel Tribe of Indians 28 The Kootenai Tribe of Idaho 31 The Nez Perce Tribe 34 The Shoshone Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation 37 The Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation 40 The Spokane Tribe of Indians 42 III. Canadian First Nations 45 Canadian Columbia River Tribes (First Nations) 46 IV. Tribal Associations 51 Canadian Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fisheries Commission 52 Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission 53 Upper Columbia United Tribes 55 Upper Snake River Tribes 56 The Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Tribal Directory i ii The Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Tribal Directory Introduction The Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Tribal Directory 1 2 The Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Tribal Directory Introduction The Council assembled this directory to enhance our understanding and appreciation of the Columbia River Basin tribes, including the First Nations in the Canadian portion of the basin. The directory provides brief descriptions and histories of the tribes and tribal confedera- tions, contact information, and information about tribal fi sh and wildlife projects funded through the Council’s program. -
The Sacagawea Mystique: Her Age, Name, Role and Final Destiny Columbia Magazine, Fall 1999: Vol
History Commentary - The Sacagawea Mystique: Her Age, Name, Role and Final Destiny Columbia Magazine, Fall 1999: Vol. 13, No. 3 By Irving W. Anderson EDITOR'S NOTE The United States Mint has announced the design for a new dollar coin bearing a conceptual likeness of Sacagawea on the front and the American eagle on the back. It will replace and be about the same size as the current Susan B. Anthony dollar but will be colored gold and have an edge distinct from the quarter. Irving W. Anderson has provided this biographical essay on Sacagawea, the Shoshoni Indian woman member of the Lewis and Clark expedition, as background information prefacing the issuance of the new dollar. THE RECORD OF the 1804-06 "Corps of Volunteers on an Expedition of North Western Discovery" (the title Lewis and Clark used) is our nation's "living history" legacy of documented exploration across our fledgling republic's pristine western frontier. It is a story written in inspired spelling and with an urgent sense of purpose by ordinary people who accomplished extraordinary deeds. Unfortunately, much 20th-century secondary literature has created lasting though inaccurate versions of expedition events and the roles of its members. Among the most divergent of these are contributions to the exploring enterprise made by its Shoshoni Indian woman member, Sacagawea, and her destiny afterward. The intent of this text is to correct America's popular but erroneous public image of Sacagawea by relating excerpts of her actual life story as recorded in the writings of her contemporaries, people who actually knew her, two centuries ago. -
Road to Oregon Written by Dr
The Road to Oregon Written by Dr. Jim Tompkins, a prominent local historian and the descendant of Oregon Trail immigrants, The Road to Oregon is a good primer on the history of the Oregon Trail. Unit I. The Pioneers: 1800-1840 Who Explored the Oregon Trail? The emigrants of the 1840s were not the first to travel the Oregon Trail. The colorful history of our country makes heroes out of the explorers, mountain men, soldiers, and scientists who opened up the West. In 1540 the Spanish explorer Coronado ventured as far north as present-day Kansas, but the inland routes across the plains remained the sole domain of Native Americans until 1804, when Lewis and Clark skirted the edges on their epic journey of discovery to the Pacific Northwest and Zeb Pike explored the "Great American Desert," as the Great Plains were then known. The Lewis and Clark Expedition had a direct influence on the economy of the West even before the explorers had returned to St. Louis. Private John Colter left the expedition on the way home in 1806 to take up the fur trade business. For the next 20 years the likes of Manuel Lisa, Auguste and Pierre Choteau, William Ashley, James Bridger, Kit Carson, Tom Fitzgerald, and William Sublette roamed the West. These part romantic adventurers, part self-made entrepreneurs, part hermits were called mountain men. By 1829, Jedediah Smith knew more about the West than any other person alive. The Americans became involved in the fur trade in 1810 when John Jacob Astor, at the insistence of his friend Thomas Jefferson, founded the Pacific Fur Company in New York. -
Idaho: Lewis Clark Byway Guide.Pdf
The Lewis and Clark Backcountry Byway AND ADVENTURE ROAD Tendoy, Idaho Meriwether Lewis’s journal entry on August 18, 1805 —American Philosophical Society The Lewis and Clark Back Country Byway AND ADVENTURE ROAD Tendoy, Idaho The Lewis and Clark Back Country Byway and Adventure Road is a 36 mile loop drive through a beautiful and historic landscape on the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail and the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail. The mountains, evergreen forests, high desert canyons, and grassy foothills look much the same today as when the Lewis and Clark Expedition passed through in 1805. THE PUBLIC LANDS CENTER Salmon-Challis National Forest and BLM Salmon Field Office 1206 S. Challis Street / Salmon, ID 83467 / (208)756-5400 BLM/ID/GI-15/006+1220 Getting There The portal to the Byway is Tendoy, Idaho, which is nineteen miles south of Salmon on Idaho Highway 28. From Montana, exit from I-15 at Clark Canyon Reservoir south of Dillon onto Montana Highway 324. Drive west past Grant to an intersection at the Shoshone Ridge Overlook. If you’re pulling a trailer or driving an RV with a passenger vehicle in tow, it would be a good idea to leave your trailer or RV at the overlook, which has plenty of parking, a vault toilet, and interpretive signs. Travel road 3909 west 12 miles to Lemhi Pass. Please respect private property along the road and obey posted speed signs. Salmon, Idaho, and Dillon, Montana, are full- service communities. Limited services are available in Tendoy, Lemhi, and Leadore, Idaho and Grant, Montana. -
National Register of Historic Places Inventory—Nomination Form 1
NPS Form 10-900 (7-81) United States Department off the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory—Nomination Form See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries—complete applicable sections____^________ 1. Name historic Ross Fork Oregon Short Line Railroad Depot and/or common Fort Hall Oregon Short Line Railroad Depot 2. Location street & number Agency RgjjTd. dT4S R34E, Section 36, ST&; city, town Fort Hall H/A vicinity of state Idaho code 016 code Oil 3. Classification Category Ownership Status Present Use district X public occupied agriculture museum x building(s) private X unoccupied commercial park structure both work in progress educational private residence site Public Acquisition Accessible entertainment religious object N/A in process yes: restricted government scientific N/A being considered X yes: unrestricted industrial transportation __ no military — X. other: vacant 4. Owner of Property name Shoshone/Bannock Tribes street & number N/A city, town Fort Hall N/A vicinity of state Idaho 83203 5. Location of Legal Description courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Bingham County Courthouse street & number city, town Blackfoot state Idaho 6. Representation in Existing Surveys________ title Idaho State Historic Sites Inventory has this property been determined eligible? __ yes _X_ no date 1982 __federal X state __county __local city, town Boise state I daho 7. Description Condition Check one Check one __ excellent X deteriorated __ unaltered __ original site __ good __ ruins x altered J£_ moved date 1968______________ __ fair __ unexposed Describe the present and original (iff known) physical appearance The Ross Fork Oregon Short Line Railroad Depot is a one-and-one-half-story frame building of wood-stud construction with shiplap siding painted white and yellow. -
Interpreting Cultural Resources at Craters of the Moon National Monument & Preserve
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Interpreting Cultural Resources at Craters of the Moon National Monument & Preserve Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………...3 Interpretive Themes……………………………………...……...4 Protecting Cultural Resources…………………………………..6 Native Americans……………………………………………….8 Fur Trade and Early Exploration………………………………12 Emigrants………………………………………………………13 Surveys, Mining, and Ranching………………………………..16 Robert Limbert……………………………………………....…18 Park Structures………………………………………………....21 The Apollo Astronauts…………………………………….…...23 Monument Expansion………………………………...….….…25 Appendix I: Timeline of Events……………………….……….26 Appendix II: Projectile Point Chronology………………….….31 Sources……………………………………………………..…..32 Page 2 Introduction Volcanic geology is what makes Craters of the sites once used by the Shoshone on their Moon a national monument. Every year travels through the area. Since then, most visitors are awed, inspired, and inquisitive travelers have done everything they could to about the vast volumes of blackened lava that avoid the uninviting lava fields. cover hundreds of square miles of Idaho’s However limited, the cultural record of the high desert. monument boasts an amazing range of groups The emphasis on the area’s volcanism as the and individuals that have alternately shunned reason for designating the area a monument is and embraced the harsh terrain over thousands clear in Calvin Coolidge’s 1924 proclamation, of years, and for a variety of reasons. It is this citing the “remarkable fissure eruption range of uses and emotions evoked by the together with its associated volcanic cones, terrain that makes understanding the cultural craters, rifts, lava flows, caves, natural past of Craters of the Moon so important in bridges, and other phenomena…of unusual relating a seemingly-dead environment to scientific value and general interest.” visitors today. -
A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture
A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture by James Sandy, M.A. A Dissertation In HISTORY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTORATE IN PHILOSOPHY Approved Dr. John R. Milam Chair of Committee Dr. Laura Calkins Dr. Barton Myers Dr. Aliza Wong Mark Sheridan, PhD. Dean of the Graduate School May, 2016 Copyright 2016, James Sandy Texas Tech University, James A. Sandy, May 2016 Acknowledgments This work would not have been possible without the constant encouragement and tutelage of my committee. They provided the inspiration for me to start this project, and guided me along the way as I slowly molded a very raw idea into the finished product here. Dr. Laura Calkins witnessed the birth of this project in my very first graduate class and has assisted me along every step of the way from raw idea to thesis to completed dissertation. Dr. Calkins has been and will continue to be invaluable mentor and friend throughout my career. Dr. Aliza Wong expanded my mind and horizons during a summer session course on Cultural Theory, which inspired a great deal of the theoretical framework of this work. As a co-chair of my committee, Dr. Barton Myers pushed both the project and myself further and harder than anyone else. The vast scope that this work encompasses proved to be my biggest challenge, but has come out as this works’ greatest strength and defining characteristic. I cannot thank Dr. Myers enough for pushing me out of my comfort zone, and for always providing the firmest yet most encouraging feedback.