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Harmony in Diversity: The Architecture and Teaching of Ellis F. Lawrence Drawing by Jeff Kleinsmith Frontispiece: Edwin Merrill, construction drawing for east facade of Education Building (Gilbert Hall west wing), University of Oregon, two-color ink on linen, 1916. Courtesy of University of Oregon PhysicaL PLant. Title page: ELlis Lawrence ENTRANCE DETAIL in SchooL of Architecture 5c4Lr: ,Yt "• P- o" ... LIJ F LAWUNC[ 6 WH G 1-\0UOl.O and Allied Arts, 1939. From Ass oc \n A:tc4mcrJ ~DUCATIONAL Blli~DING FCH T 1-i E LJ N I V E R. .\ : ~ Y "-'' r - 1;\Cl'>i..!:.> ._)f V~\:R_C[ fiUL~ I~J EUGENE 1939 Oregana. 't • N' Ou ::;cr.. OR.EGON Harmony in ,,, ~, Diversity: 5 ,l ~=1--i -::j :, ~· The Architecture and ~~.~.- L . ~ . ~ v ~, Teaching of &~~ .!.. 1 · Ellis F. Lawrence Edited by '-· I·::: Michael Shellenbarger · ~- : Essays by Kimberly K. Lakin Leland M. Roth Michael Shellenbarger Museum of Art and the Historic Preservation Program School of Architecture and Allied Arts University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon l=' ~' ~ • ' .. .,. /'! ! ' • "- y I .:. , · t 1989 Acknowledgments The Lawrence project would not have happened without John Goff, who initiall y conceived it;James Hamrick, who proposed thesurveyfundingplan; and Donald Corner, who approved research time I needed to make it happen. I especially thank Kimberly K. Lakin, who codirected the Lawrence survey and spent two years research © 1989 by the University of ing buildings in Portland and vicinity. Special thanks are due the UniversityofOregon Oregon. All rights reserved for a wide variety of services; in particular I thank the staffs of the Architecture and Library of Congress Catalog Allied Arts Library and the Special Collections division of the University of Oregon Card No. 89-27791 Library, the University Archives , the Office of University Planning, the Museum of Art, and the Physical Plant. Additional major ass istance with research and exhibit International Standard Book materials was provided by the Archives and Physical Plant of Whitman College, the No. 0-87114-253-8 Oregon Historical Society, the Lane County Historical Muse um, and the City of Portland Building Permits Center. In particular I thank Hilary Cummings, Larry Dodd, This publication accompanies the exhibition Kenneth Duckett, Lawrence Fong, Tommy Griffin, Joanne Halgren, Sheila Klos, Harmony in Diversity: The Richard Marlitt, Max Nixon, Keith Richard , and Marty W est at the above institutions. Architecture and Teaching Loren Allen, Eliza beth Potter, Marion D. Ross, David Rowe, and Alvin Urquhart of Ellis F. Lawrence, provided valuable ass istance by reviewing manuscripts. Leland Roth's wide know ledge University of Oregon often provided valuable perspective. Lawrence family members Amos Lawrence, Museum of Art. Denison Lawrence, Mrs. H . Abbott Lawrence, and Judy Hunter provided research Exhibition dates: October materials and reviewed the Law rence biography chapter. William Holford, Jr., shared 19-December 3, 1989 memories of his father's associati on with Lawrence. The administrative and produc tion assistance of Nan Coppock-Bland, Karen J. Johnson, Carol Roth, and Christine The Lawrence survey, Sundt was impeccable. Sharing the joy of discovery with graduate student research exhibition, publication, and fe llows George Kramer and Carolyn Sorrels kept me going. related research have been funded by major grants from Additional thanks are du e the Crook County Historical Society, Binfords & Oregon's State Historic Mort Publishers, W. A. Palmer Films, Regis ter-G uard columnist Don Bishoff, research Preservation Office and the ers Sally Donovan and Sarah Igleheart, and student participants Michael Blutt, John NationaL Endowment for the Breisky, Tracy Brink, KristopherCollins, Angila Conibear, Bryan V. Crawford, Andrew Arts, with additional grants C urtis, Peter Dixon, Denise Durrell, Michael Ellis, Michae l Espey, Kimberly Emerson, from the Oregon Community Foundation Van Evera and Libby D. Farr, Jay G iliberty, Kenneth Guzowski, Kristi Harapat, Robert Kackman, Janet Bailey Fund, the Marianne Kadas, Lisa Kramer, Sung Lee, Stephen Lewotsky, Catherine Mahle, Kelly Oregon Committee for the McCusker, Samir Mokas hi, C harles Nickelson, Eric Peterson, Suann Reddick, Donald Humanities, and the Oregon Rich, Marie Richter, Kathleen Rose, Peter Russe ll , Patricia Sackett, Kaye Simonso n, Arts Commission. David Sk ilton, Nahani Stricker, Max Struble, Ross Sutherland, and C hristine T ay lor. This project would not have been possible without the support and ass istance Cover and book des ign by George Beltran, Univers ity of many others, too numerous to list here. They include the city and county govern of Oregon Office of ments, histori c museu ms, and libraries throughout the Northwest that ass isted with this University Publications. project, and especiall y the many owners and occupants of the bu ildings of Ellis F. Unless otherwise noted, all Lawrence who opened their buildings to project researchers and shared old photographs, photographs were reprinted scrapbooks, and sometimes ice cream and cookies. for this publication by Northwestern PhotograjJhics, Eugene, Michael Shellenbarger Oregon. Project Director and Guest Curator of the Exhibition Foreword HARM O NY IN DIVER S ITY: THE EXHIBITI O N Stephen C. McGough Director Museum of Art University of Oregon JT lS FlTTlNG, on the occasion of the seventy-fifth anniversary of the establish ment of the School of Architecture and Allied Arts at the University of O regon, that the university honor the school's founding dean, Ellis F. Lawrence, with an exhibition and study of his work. The exhibition at the Museum of Art is a happy "coming home," in effect, since Lawrence designed the building. In fact, Lawrence was the architect for a total of twenty-five buildings on the campus. Ellis F. Lawrence designed more than 500 buildings , yet his work is little known. Many of his buildings have been unidentified, and some arc falsely attributed to other architects. Lawrence pioneered in his incorporation of the arts and crafts into archi tecture and architectural training, in his attention to city and regional planning issues, and in his unique attempts to bridge modern and traditional des ign. His buildings, the educational and profess ional organiza tions he founded, and his other creative and professional activities make him the most significant Oregon architect of his time. The present exhibition, for which this publication is a companion, results in part from a project to document all of Lawrence's work. This major undertaking of the graduate Historic Preservation Program of the School of Architecture and Allied Arts is led by Program Director Michael Shellenbarger. I am grateful to Associate Professor Shellenbarger for serving as gues t curator of the exhibition . In addition, I thank asso ciate gues t curator Kimberly K. Lakin, who codirccted the Lawrence survey, and Associate Professor Leland M. Roth, who has provided frequent advice and perspec ti ve. The Historic Preservati on Program was founded in 1980 and quickly established a national reputation fo r its broad cultural emphas is and technical focus. Dean Law rence would no doubt have approved of the interdisc iplinary nature of the program, which draws fro m facul ty members and course work in architecture; art history; inte rior architecture; landscape architecture; and planning, public policy and management. I acknowledge as well the contributions of the Muse um of Art staff in bringing together the many facets of the exhibition . T ommy Griffin, curator of exhibitions, designed the installation . Lawrence Fong, registrar, and C laudia Fisher, registrar's ass istant, attended to the details of the many loans. Mark C larke and Dorothy Schuchardt ass isted in the installation. O ther staff members-Stephen Deck, C hes ter Kasmarski, Rebecca S lade, Ethel W cltman, and Michael Whitcnack-each lent their talents to the show's success. Finall y, I thank the many lenders who, thro ugh their ge nerosity, have made the exhibition poss ible. The bulk of the exhibition comes from other parts of the University of O regon : the A rchitecture and A llied Arts Li brary, the Special Collec tions d ivision of the University of Oregon Library, the University A rchives, and the Phys ical Plant. Additional items have been loaned by the W hitman College A rch ives, the Massach usetts Institute ofTechnology Museum, Amos Lawrence, Denison Law rence, N. S. Penrose, Jr. , and Dorothy A. Penrose. Cover illustration H. Abbott Lawrence, wall elevation study for Museum of Art, University of Oregon, watercolor on paper, 76 em. x 46 em., 1929. Courtesy of Special ColLections, Knight Library, University of Oregon. H. Abbott Lawrence, "East End, P. L. Campbell Memorial Court in the Museum of Fine Arts," University of Oregon, design study, watercolor and graphite on paper, 60 em. x 60 em., 1929. Courtesy of Special Collections, Knight Library, University of Oregon. Contents Chapter 1 8 Ellis F. Lawrence ( 1879-1946): A Brief Biography by Michael Shellenbarger Chapter 2 25 Ellis F. Lawrence: Residential Designs by Kimberly K. Lakin Chapter 3 43 Ellis F. Lawrence: Nonresidential Designs by Michael Shellenbarger Chapter 4 61 Ellis F. Lawrence: The Architect and His Times by Leland M. Roth Ellis F. Lawrence: List of Selected Projects 78 compiled by Kimberly K. Lakin and Michael Shellenbarger Checklist of the Exhibition 88 compiled by Lawrence Fong Index 90 ••.- .t -; ' 1. E. F. Lawrence, building elevation, watercolor and