DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright © 2006, Centre for Sãmoan Studies Sãmoa National Human Development Report: Sustainable Livelihoods in a Changing Sãmoa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright © 2006, Centre for Sãmoan Studies Sãmoa National Human Development Report: Sustainable Livelihoods in a Changing Sãmoa Copyright © 2006, Centre for Sãmoan Studies Sãmoa National Human Development Report: Sustainable Livelihoods in a Changing Sãmoa. Edited by Asofou So’o, Unasa F. Va’a, Telesia Lafotanoa. Published by the The Centre for Sãmoan Studies, National University of Sãmoa Le Papaigalagala, Apia, Sãmoa, 2006. National University of Sãmoa Library CIP entry Sãmoa national human development report : sustainable livelihoods in a changing Sãmoa / edited by Asofou So’o, Unasa F. Va’a, Telesia Lafotanoa.- Le Papaigalagala, Apia, Sãmoa : Centre for Sãmoan Studies, National University of Sãmoa, 2006. 214 p. ; cm. ISBN 978 982 9003 26 3 1. Quality of life - Sãmoa. 2. Human capital - Sãmoa. 3. Sustainable development - Sãmoa. 4. Economic development - Sãmoa. 5. Sãmoa - economic conditions. I. So’o Asofou. II. Va’a, Unasa F. III. Lafotanoa, Telesia. IV. Subtitle. 338.99614 (DDC22) Cover and layout design by Fatu Tauafiafi and Michael von Reiche Junior of Coral Sands Management [Sãmoa] Ltd Production management by Coral Sands Management [Sãmoa] Ltd Printed by Business Print Group, Auckland, New Zealand. NHDR_draftX.pmd 2 6/27/2006, 8:25 AM Sãmoa National Human Development Report 2006 Sustainable livelihoods in a changing Sãmoa National University of Sãmoa May 2006 NHDR_draftX.pmd 3 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM List of Figures 4.1 Employment by industry, 1971-2001 4.2 Growth of adult age-group, 1956-2001 4.3 Economically active men and women 1966-2001 4.4 Employees by sector of employment, 2001 4.5 Employment status, 2001 4.6 Human development index, Pacific island countries, 1990s 4.7 Human poverty index, Pacific island countries, 1990s 4.8 Primary school enrolment, 1981-2001 4.9 Secondary school enrolment ratio, 1981-2001 4.10 Employee receiving salary and wages, 2001 4.11 Youth in school in Sãmoa, 1991, 2001 4.12 Ratios of pupils attending school by age and gender, 1991-2001 5.1 Diabetes prevalence in Sãmoa 1978, 1991, 2002 5.2 Diabetes prevalence in age groups 5.3 Obesity prevalence in males and females in Sãmoa List of Tables 4.1 Human development index, 1981-2001 4.2 Human poverty index, 1981-2001 4.3 Gender development index, 1981-2001 4.4 Gender empowerment measure, 1981-2001 4.5 Differences between Savai’i and Upolu 5.1 Key Health indicators 5.2 Infant mortality rate in Sãmoa per 1,000 live infants from 1975-2003 5.3 Number of live births and stillbirths from deliveries in government facilities, FY1999-2000 5.4 Age and number of mothers who gave birth in national health facilities, 1999-2004 5.5 Ten leading causes of morbidity in Sãmoa 1997, 2000 5.6 Ten leading causes of mortality in Sãmoa 1997, 2000 5.7 Number of suicide attempts and deaths, paraquat ingestion and deaths, FY1999/2000-2003/2004 5.8 Hepatitis B in antenatal mothers 6.1 Population with multiple or single disabilities, 2002 6.2 Overview of the primary and secondary education sector, 2004 6.3 National age participation rates 6.4 Total school enrolments (2000-2005) 6.5 Gross enrolment rates (GER) (%) for primary schools 6.6 Net enrolment rates (NER) (%) for primary schools 6.7 Sizes of schools: number of children 6.8 Transition rates by year level 1994–2004 6.9 Drop out rates (%) 1995/1996 and 2004/2005 6.10 Graduates from the NUS 2000-2004 in main programmes 6.11 Number of teachers in all schools in Sãmoa, 2004 6.12 Teachers moving in and out of teaching service 1/2001-7/2004 6.13 Government schools meeting standards for primary and secondary teacher-pupil ratios 11.1 General status of Sãmoa’s MDGs 11.2 Key development indicators for Sãmoa, 2003 NHDR_draftX.pmd 5 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM TTTABLEABLEABLE OFOFOFContentsContentsContents Foreword Prime Minister of Sãmoa 10 UNDP Resident Representative, Apia 11 Acknowledgements 13 Abbreviations 14-15 Chapters Chapter 1: Introduction 17 Chapter 2: Background Information 23 Chapter 3: Executive Summary 29 Chapter 4: The Human Development Indices by Sefuiva Reupena Muagututi’a. 47 Deputy Chief Executive Officer Statistics Department, Ministry of Finance Government of Sãmoa. Chapter 5: Health Sector by Fulisia Pita-Uo Aiãvao. 69 Dean, Faculty of Nursing National University of Sãmoa. Chapter 6: The Challenge in Education by Gatoloaifaaana Tilianamua Afamasaga. 81 Director, Centre for Professional Development and Continuing Education National University of Sãmoa. Chapter 7: Economic Update by Faamoetauloa Dr Wood Salele. 101 Dean, Faculty of Commerce National University of Sãmoa. Chapter 8: The Fa’asãmoa by Unasa Leulu Felise Va’a. 113 Associate Professor, Centre for Samoãn Studies National University of Sãmoa. Chapter 9: The Church and Development by Reverend Fepa’i Fiu Kolia. 137 Secretary National Council of Churches. Chapter 10: Governance and Rendered Services by Professor Le’apai Lau Asofou So’o. 149 Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Director, Centre for Sãmoan Studies National University of Sãmoa. Chapter 11: The Millenium Development Goals Evaluated by Fiu Mata’ese Elisara-Lãulu. 173 Chief Executive Officer O le Si’osi’omaga Society Inc. NGO Glossary of Sãmoan Words 197 Annexes 201 Bibliography 207 NHDR_draftX.pmd 7 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM 8 SÃMOA NATIONAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2006 NHDR_draftX.pmd 8 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM List of Writers The Human Development Indices [Chapter 4] by Sefuiva Reupena Muagututi’a Deputy Chief Executive Officer Statistics Department, Ministry of Finance Government of Sãmoa. Health Sector [Chapter 5] by Fulisia Pita-Uo Aiãvao Dean, Faculty of Nursing National University of Sãmoa. The Challenge in Education [Chapter 6] by Gatoloaifaaana Tilianamua Afamasaga Director, Centre for Professional Development and Continuing Education National University of Sãmoa. Economic Update [Chapter 7] by Faamoetauloa Dr Wood Salele Dean, Faculty of Commerce National University of Sãmoa. The Fa’asãmoa [Chapter 8] by Unasa Leulu Felise Va’a Associate Professor, Centre for Samoãn Studies National University of Sãmoa. The Church and Development [Chapter 9] by Reverend Fepa’i Fiu Kolia Secretary National Council of Churches. Governance and Rendered Services [Chapter 10] by Professor Le’apai Lau Asofou So’o Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Director, Centre for Sãmoan Studies National University of Sãmoa. The Millenium Development Goals Evaluated [Chapter 11] by Fiu Mata’ese Elisara-Lãulu Chief Executive Officer O le Si’osi’omaga Society Inc. NGO SÃMOA NATIONAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2006 9 NHDR_draftX.pmd 9 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM ForewordForewordForeword Although the practice of researching and writing human development reports is not new, the process involved in producing the present document is. This is the first time a human develop- ment report has been written and put together by the people themselves who are being reported upon. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) office in Apia and the Government of Sãmoa agreed that the people of Sãmoa would be responsible for writing their own human devel- opment report, a task that was thereafter delegated by the government to the National University of Sãmoa (NUS). Previously the preparation and publication of hu- greatly appreciated. For Sãmoa, a report of this man development reports have been the preroga- nature gives the government and the people of tive of UNDP. The practice as always been that a Sãmoa an opportunity to see where the country is UNDP Office would write the human development and where it is heading in terms of its human de- report of a country or of a region. velopment needs. A human development report Consigning to the country itself the writing and gives indices or yardsticks by which to measure the publishing of its human development report the various components of a people’s human de- serves two purposes. First, because the people velopment. This document is no different. It gives understand the needs of their own society better not only a snapshot of the development status of than ‘outsiders’, they are better placed from the Sãmoa at this point in time, but it also includes personal experience to assess their current state the writers’ views and opinions of where their of human development and what needs to be done country is heading. It, therefore, helps the gov- to improve their lot. Second, because they them- ernment plan its strategy for the on-going advance- selves are researching and writing the report, there ment of its people’s welfare in both the immedi- would be a keen sense of ownership associated ate and foreseeable future. with the document. And because they feel that the On behalf of the Government of the people of report is theirs, they are more likely to closely fol- Sãmoa, I would like to thanks the UNDP Apia low and critique reactions to the Report’s find- Office for its financial support that has enabled ings and the implementation of the recommenda- the publication of this very important document. tions. Conversely, there is always the possibility The Government of Sãmoa has maintained and that a report written by a people about themselves will continue to maintain its cordial and coopera- could be too inward looking and gloss over or tive relationship with UNDP. leave out critical issues that they may consider too This report will certainly be of great value to painful or embarrassing to reveal to outsiders. The both the Government of Sãmoa and its people. writers of the present report are only human but I am confident that they have done their best to keep their emotions in check when discussing such is- sues to ensure that a balanced assessment is achieved. To do otherwise would detract from the value of the document. The UNDP initiative to see that these human (Hon. Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi) development reports are produced periodically is Prime Minister NHDR_draftX.pmd 10 6/26/2006, 12:33 AM ForewordForewordForeword “The basic purpose of development is to enlarge people’s choices.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rarotonga, Samoa & Tonga
    › Rarotonga, Samoa & Tonga Top ExperiencesExperiences › 170ºW 160ºW TOKELAU 'Upolu (New Zealand) 0 200 km 0 120 miles Fale'ula (Islands not to Scale) Penrhyn APIA 10ºS Manono Leulumoega Rakahanga Vailele International Date Line Apolima-uta Cape Mulinu’u Manihiki Solosolo Gateway to the Manono-uta Falefa AMERICAN Pukapuka underworld NORTHERN Mt Fiamoe SAMOA Falelatai Saletele Nassau COOK (960m) Sauniatu (USA) Samamea SAMOA ISLANDS Pulemelei Mound Mt Fito Uafato Lefaga (1028m) Ti'avea Savai'i Polynesia’s largest ancient Suwarrow 'Upolu PAGO Salamumu Samusu PAGO structure Mulivai APIA Poutasi Satitoa Tutuila S O U T H Aitutaki Salani See 'Upolu To Sua Ocean Trench Vavau Enlargement See Tutuila Traditional food, dance P A C I F I C and music Swim this enchanted Enlargement sunken waterhole 0 20 km O C E A N 0 12 miles Vava'u COOK ISLANDS Vava’u SOUTHERN Pola Tutuila Sea kayak in paradise COOK Tal ISLANDS Nu’uuli Falls HA'APAI Secluded deliciously cool GROUP Palmerston swimming hole Vatia Sa'ilele Onenoa Atoll Afono Masefau ’Atiu Aitutaki Manuae Amouli NIUE Mitiaro PAGO PAGO Aua Alofau Aunu'u Delve into hidden Takutea 20ºS limestone caves Fagasa 'Atiu A'asu Matafao Peak Lauli'ituai Aunu'u TONGA Ma'uke Tongatapu Fagamalo (653m) NUKU'ALOFA Ha’apai Rarotonga AVARUA Nu'uuli Swim with humpback A'oloaufou See Tongatapu whales See Rarotonga Poloa Enlargement Enlargement Mt Olotele Tafuna Mangaia Nua (493m) Fagatele Bay Rarotonga Leone Avarua 'Ili'ili Paradise in a submerged Enjoy breakfast at Vailoa Vaitogi volcanic crater Rarotonga AraTapu Punanga
    [Show full text]
  • O Tiafau O Le Malae O Le Fa'autugatagi a Samoa
    O TIAFAU O LE MALAE O LE FA’AUTUGATAGI A SAMOA: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THE LAND AND TITLES COURT’S DECISIONS OVER CUSTOMARY LAND AND FAMILY TITLES by Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts Copyright © 2014 by Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi School of Social Sciences Faculty of Arts, Law & Education The University of the South Pacific August 2014 DECLARATION I, Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi, declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any other degree at any institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text. Signature……………………………………………..Date…………………………….. Name …………………………………………………………………………………... Student ID No. ………………………………………………………………………… The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of Mr. Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi. Signature……………………………………………..Date…………………………….. Name …………………………………………………………………………………... Designation ……….…………………………………………………………………… Upu Tomua Le Atua Silisili ese, fa’afetai ua e apelepelea i matou i ou aao alofa, ua le afea i matou e se atua folau o le ala. O le fa’afetai o le fiafia aua ua gase le tausaga, ua mou atu fo’i peau lagavale ma atua folau sa lamatia le faigamalaga. O lenei ua tini pao le uto pei o le faiva i vai. Mua ia mua o ma fa’asao i le Atua o le Mataisau o le poto ma le atamai. O Lona agalelei, o le alofa le fa’atuaoia ma le pule fa’asoasoa ua mafai ai ona taulau o lenei fa’amoemoe.
    [Show full text]
  • 47320-001: Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report
    Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report July 2015 Proposed Grant Samoa: Submarine Cable Project This Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or Staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Proposed Grant Samoa: Samoa Submarine Cable Project DUE DILIGENCE REPORT ON INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT- Fagali’i and Tuasivi Villages, Samoa 8 June 2015 I. Introduction 1. This due diligence report (DDR) on involuntary resettlement describes: Brief project background; Component activities; Current status of land ownership or use; and Identification of land requirement for sub-project components and potential issues. II. Background and Objectives 2. The Government of the Independent State of Samoa (the government) has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank (WB) to support market development and core infrastructure investments aimed at improving access to information and communications technology (ICT). A key component of this support is the planned investment in a submarine cable system (SCS) to connect Samoa to regional/global communications infrastructure. 3. The objective of the Samoa Submarine
    [Show full text]
  • Savai'i Volcano
    A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist A Visitor's Field Guide to Savai’i Touring Savai'i with a Geologist Warren Jopling Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THIS ARTICLE Tuapou Warren Jopling is an Australian geologist who retired to Savai'i to grow coffee after a career in oil exploration in Australia, Canada, Brazil and Indonesia. Travels through Central America, the Andes and Iceland followed by 17 years in Indonesia gave him a good understanding of volcanology, a boon to later educational tourism when explaining Savai'i to overseas visitors and student groups. His 2014 report on Samoa's Geological History was published in booklet form by the Samoa Tourism Authority as a Visitor's Guide - a guide summarising the main geological events that built the islands but with little coverage of individual natural attractions. This present article is an abridgement of the 2014 report and focuses on Savai'i. It is in three sections; an explanation of plate movement and hotspot activity for visitors unfamiliar with plate tectonics; a brief summary of Savai'i's geological history then an island tour with some geologic input when describing the main sites. It is for nature lovers who would appreciate some background to sightseeing. Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist The Pacific Plate, The Samoan Hotspot, The Samoan Archipelago The Pacific Plate, the largest of the Earth's 16 major plates, is born along the East Pacific Rise.
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa Socio-Economic Atlas 2011
    SAMOA SOCIO-ECONOMIC ATLAS 2011 Copyright (c) Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) 2011 CONTACTS Telephone: (685) 62000/21373 Samoa Socio Economic ATLAS 2011 Facsimile: (685) 24675 Email: [email protected] by Website: www.sbs.gov.ws Postal Address: Samoa Bureau of Statistics The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) PO BOX 1151 Apia Samoa National University of Samoa Library CIP entry Samoa socio economic ATLAS 2011 / by The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS). -- Apia, Samoa : Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Government of Samoa, 2011. 76 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. Disclaimer: This publication is a product of the Division of Census-Surveys & Demography, ISBN 978 982 9003 66 9 Samoa Bureau of Statistics. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions 1. Census districts – Samoa – maps. 2. Election districts – Samoa – expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of any funding or census. 3. Election districts – Samoa – statistics. 4. Samoa – census. technical agencies involved in the census. The boundaries and other information I. Census-Surveys and Demography Division of SBS. shown on the maps are only imaginary census boundaries but do not imply any legal status of traditional village and district boundaries. Sam 912.9614 Sam DDC 22. Published by The Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Govt. of Samoa, Apia, Samoa, 2015. Overview Map SAMOA 1 Table of Contents Map 3.4: Tertiary level qualification (Post-secondary certificate, diploma, Overview Map ................................................................................................... 1 degree/higher) by district, 2011 ................................................................... 26 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3 Map 3.5: Population 15 years and over with knowledge in traditional tattooing by district, 2011 ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The 1832 Journal
    The 1832 Journal From Rarotogna [Rarotonga] to the Navigator Islands [Samoa] Tognatabu [Tongatapu] etc - Containing an account of the language manners customs etc of the people- also much interesting Missionary information 1832 & 1833 Narrative of a Voyage performed in the Missionary Schooner Olive Branch by] Williams 1832 95 I832 Thurs II October. We took an affectionate leave of my dear wife & children with Mr & Mrs B[uzacott] who accompanied me down to the beach as did most of the inhabitants all uniting in wishing us well & praying that the blessing of God might attend us in our journey. The King Makea appeared in good spirits. His friends & people expressed considerable sorrow at his departure. The teacher Teava 1 & wife wept a good deal at leaving. It is a source of great consolation to know that we are followed by the affectionate sympathies of those who love us & the fervent prayers of all who are interested in our welfare. At Sundown we made all sail with a fine fair wind & set a direct course for Palmerstons Island. Sat 13. We made Palmerstons Island about 5 oclock in the afternoon. The wind being fair & night coming on determined to pursue our course rather than waste the night in lying to to procure a few cocoa nutts. The Teacher & his wife very sick. Sabbath 14. Wind still fair rather light. Service on deck. Spoke from 1st Epistle Peter Chapr I2 v. Let your conversation be good and honest among the Gentiles - Tahitian version. In the evening when conversing with one of our Native sailors I found that he was one of the crew of a Boat that drifted down to Tognatabu some years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1
    P O BOX 1151 TELEPHONE: (685)62000/21373 LEVEL 1 & 2 FMFM II, Matagialalua FAX No: (685)24675 GOVERNMENT BUILDING Email: [email protected] APIA Website: www.sbs.gov.ws SAMOA 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1 Revised version Population Snapshot and Household Highlights 30th October 2017 1 | P a g e Foreword This publication is the first of a series of Census 2016 Brief reports to be published from the dataset version 1, of the Population and Housing Census, 2016. It provides a snapshot of the information collected from the Population Questionnaire and some highlights of the Housing Questionnaire. It also provides the final count of the population of Samoa in November 7th 2016 by statistical regions, political districts and villages. Over the past censuses, the Samoa Bureau of Statistics has compiled a standard analytical report that users and mainly students find it complex and too technical for their purposes. We have changed our approach in the 2016 census by compiling smaller reports (Census Brief reports) to be released on a quarterly basis with emphasis on different areas of Samoa’s development as well as demands from users. In doing that, we look forward to working more collaboratively with our stakeholders and technical partners in compiling relevant, focused and more user friendly statistical brief reports for planning, policy-making and program interventions. At the same time, the Bureau is giving the public the opportunity to select their own data of interest from the census database for printing rather than the Bureau printing numerous tabulations which mostly remain unused.
    [Show full text]
  • PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic
    Hydrographic Authority PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes Report Number: RNALZ17001_C Version: 1.1 Date: 17 September 2017 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________ Supported by the New Zealand Aid Programme PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes A joint production by: Land Information New Zealand Level 7 Radio New Zealand House 155 The Terrace Wellington NEW ZEALAND and Rod Nairn & Associates Pty Ltd Hydrographic and Maritime Consultants ABN 50 163 730 58 42 Tamarind Drive Cordeaux Heights NSW AUSTRALIA Authors: Rod Nairn, Michael Beard, Stuart Caie, Ian Harrison, James O’Brien Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the New Zealand Government. Satellite AIS data under licence from ORBCOM (augmented by IHS Global Pte Ltd) ii Rod Nairn and Associates Pty Ltd Hydrographic and Maritime Consultants SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________ SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes A. Event Trees B. GIS Track Creation and Processing C. Traffic Risk Calculation D. Likelihood and Consequence Factors E. Hydrographic Risk Factor Weighting Matrices F. Hydrographic Risk Calculations G. Benefits of Hydrographic Surveys to SAMOA H. List of Consultations References RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 iii SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Samatau Reserve Reassessment
    Project Title: Strengthen the Management and Monitoring of Samoa’s Community- Based Marine Management and MPAs Network Grantee Name: Government of Samoa Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Award Number: NA11NOS4820010 Award Period: 10/01/2011 - 06/30/2013 FINAL REPORT 0 Contents Progress Report………………………………………………………………………………….……page 2 Appendix 1: 2 Samoa’s General Meeting Nov. 2011……………………………………page 9 Appendix 2: Two Samoa’s Strategic Plan – unsigned……………………………..….page 15 Appendix 3a: Communities Exchange Agenda………………………………..…………page 28 Appendix 3b: Cabinet Report (Samoan)……………………………………………………page 31 Appendix 4: Community-based Fisheries Management Program Poster…….page 34 Appendix 4: Live Coral Poster……………………………………………………………….….page 34 Appendix 5: Pictures of Floats and Signboards……………………………………….….page 35 Appendix 6: Ecological Assessments conducted at data less sites………….……page 38 1 A. Background 1. The project was identified as an important boost to the onward movement of the 2 Samoas Environmental Initiative. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF) and the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MNRE) who are the main counterparts in the Samoan Government developed this proposal as an initial implementation on some of the needed activities in which Samoa needs to be effective in the collaboration with American Samoa. 2. The project proposal targeted the NOAAs Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program Fiscal Year 2011 Federal Funding Opportunity–International Coral Reef Conservation Cooperative Agreements with relative Objective
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Landscapes of the Pacific Islands Anita Smith 17
    World Heritage Convention Cultural Landscapes of the Pacific Islands ICOMOS Thematic study Anita Smith and Kevin L. Jones December 2007 ICOMOS 49-51 rue de la Fédération – 75015 Paris Tel +33 (0)1 45 67 67 70 – Fax +33 (0)1 45 66 06 22 www.icomos.org – [email protected] Contents Part 1: Foreword Susan Denyer 3 Part 2: Context for the Thematic Study Anita Smith 5 - Purpose of the thematic study 5 - Background to the thematic study 6 - ICOMOS 2005 “Filling the Gaps - An Action Plan for the Future” 10 - Pacific Island Cultural Landscapes: making use of this study 13 Part 3: Thematic Essay: The Cultural Landscapes of the Pacific Islands Anita Smith 17 The Pacific Islands: a Geo-Cultural Region 17 - The environments and sub-regions of the Pacific 18 - Colonization of the Pacific Islands and the development of Pacific Island societies 22 - European contact, the colonial era and decolonisation 25 - The “transported landscapes” of the Pacific 28 - Principle factors contributing to the diversity of cultural Landscapes in the Pacific Islands 30 Organically Evolved Cultural Landscapes of the Pacific 31 - Pacific systems of horticulture – continuing cultural landscapes 32 - Change through time in horticultural systems - relict horticultural and agricultural cultural landscapes 37 - Arboriculture in the Pacific Islands 40 - Land tenure and settlement patterns 40 - Social systems and village structures 45 - Social, ceremonial and burial places 47 - Relict landscapes of war in the Pacific Islands 51 - Organically evolved cultural landscapes in the Pacific Islands: in conclusion 54 Cultural Landscapes of the Colonial Era 54 Associative Cultural Landscapes and Seascapes 57 - Storied landscapes and seascapes 58 - Traditional knowledge: associations with the land and sea 60 1 Part 4: Cultural Landscape Portfolio Kevin L.
    [Show full text]
  • Mavae and Tofiga
    Mavae and Tofiga Spatial Exposition of the Samoan Cosmogony and Architecture Albert L. Refiti A thesis submitted to� The Auckland University of Technology �In fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Art & Design� Faculty of Design & Creative Technologies 2014 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... i Attestation of Authorship ...................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... vi Dedication ............................................................................................................................ viii Abstract .................................................................................................................................... ix Preface ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Leai ni tusiga ata: There are to be no drawings ............................................................. 1 2. Tautuanaga: Rememberance and service ....................................................................... 4 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 6 Spacing ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report
    Country Report Samoa September 2004 The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders. For over 50 years it has been a source of information on business developments, economic and political trends, government regulations and corporate practice worldwide. The Economist Intelligence Unit delivers its information in four ways: through its digital portfolio, where the latest analysis is updated daily; through printed subscription products ranging from newsletters to annual reference works; through research reports; and by organising seminars and presentations. The firm is a member of The Economist Group. London New York Hong Kong The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St The Economist Building 60/F, Central Plaza London 111 West 57th Street 18 Harbour Road SW1Y 4LR New York Wanchai United Kingdom NY 10019, US Hong Kong Tel: (44.20) 7830 1007 Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Tel: (852) 2585 3888 Fax: (44.20) 7830 1023 Fax: (1.212) 586 0248 Fax: (852) 2802 7638 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.eiu.com Electronic delivery This publication can be viewed by subscribing online at www.store.eiu.com Reports are also available in various other electronic formats, such as CD-ROM, Lotus Notes, online databases and as direct feeds to corporate intranets. For further information, please contact your nearest Economist Intelligence Unit office Copyright © 2004 The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited.
    [Show full text]