The 2017 CWBF Checklist of the Birds of Taiwan Tzung-Su DING, Ching-Sung JUAN, Ruey-Shing LIN, Chih-Yuan, PAN, Yi-Jung TSAI, John WU, and Yu-Hsiang YANG Bird Record Committee, Chinese Wild Bird Federation No.3, Ln. 36, Jinglong St., Wenshan Dist., Taipei City 116, TAIWAN E-mail: [email protected] This checklist of the birds of Taiwan is prepared by Bird Record Committee, an official committee of Chinese Wild Bird Federation. The committee updates the checklist annually to assure it is the most complete and accurate checklist for the birds found in Taiwan. The current version was released on Arpril 8, 2017. The geographical area of this checklist covers the land and sea under the jurisdiction of the government of the Republic of China (widely known as ‘Taiwan’), including Taiwan Island and its adjacent islands (Penghu, Lanyu, and Ludao), Dongsha Islands in South China Sea, and two groups of outlying islands near mainland China: Matsu islands and Kinmen islands. Based on the geographical location and avifauna similarity, we divide the geographical area of this checklist into four regions: Taiwan (including adjacent islands), Matsu, Kinmen, and Dongsha. The taxonomy and English names for birds in this checklist follow the eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World Version 2016 (Clements et al. 2016), which was released online on August 9, 2016. In total, this checklist accepts 653 bird species (including 12 naturalized species) and recognizes 27 endemic species and 56 endemic subspecies of Taiwan. This checklist categorizes the birds of Taiwan into six statuses: Resident (remain year-round in a specific region), Winter Visitor (spend only the winter in a specific region), Summer Visitor (spend only the summer in a specific region), Transient Migrant (only stop for a short period of time during their annual migration), Pelagic Seabird (mostly stay on open sea and rarely visit land), Vagrant (recorded outside of its normal distribution range), and Introduced (introduced by human deliberately or accidentally). A given species might have multiple statuses within a specific region. With our best knowledge on the distribution and abundance of birds in Taiwan, we assign the species to four categories: Common (have a >70% chance to record the species during a day-trip in appropriate habitat and time), Uncommon (have a 30%-70% chance to record the species during a day-trip in appropriate habitat and time), Occasional (have a <30% chance to record the species during a day-trip in appropriate habitat and time), and Vagrant (with very limited records). Comments and suggestions on this checklist are welcome and should be sent to Chinese Wild Bird Federation. Suggested Citation: Ding, T.-S., C.-S. Juan, R.-S. Lin, C.-Y. Pan, Y.-J. Tsai, J. Wu and Y.-H. Yang. 2017. The 2017 CWBF Checklist of the Birds of Taiwan. Chinese Wild Bird Federation. Taipei, Taiwan. Literature cited Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist Distribution in Code English Name Species Name Subspecies Endemism Taiwan Matsu Kinmen Dongsha C1 Anatidae 1 Lesser Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna javanica V--V 2 Swan Goose Anser cygnoides WO - WO - 3 Taiga Bean-Goose Anser fabalis middendorffii WO TO WO V 4 Tundra Bean-Goose Anser serrirostris serrirostris WO TO WO V 5 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons frontalis WO TO WO V 6 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus TO--- 7 Graylag Goose Anser anser rubrirostris V-V- 8 Brant Branta bernicla orientalis V --- 9 Mute Swan Cygnus olor V --- 10 Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii V-V- 11 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus V-V- 12 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea WO - WO V 13 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna WO - WO - 14 Cotton Pygmy-Goose Nettapus coromandelianus coromandelianus VVV- 15 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata RU/TO TO TO V 16 Gadwall Anas strepera strepera WU WO WO TO 17 Falcated Duck Anas falcata WO TO WU - 18 Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope WC TU WC WC 19 American Wigeon Anas americana WO - WO - 20 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos WU/IO TU WU TO 21 Eastern Spot-billed Duck Anas zonorhyncha RU/WU TO RC TO 22 Philippine Duck Anas luzonica V --- 23 Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata WC TO WU TC 24 Northern Pintail Anas acuta WC TU WC WO/TU 25 Garganey Anas querquedula WO/TC TO WU TU 26 Baikal Teal Anas formosa WO TO WO - 27 Green-winged Teal Anas crecca crecca WC TU WC WC 28 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina V --- 29 Canvasback Aythya valisineria V --- 30 Common Pochard Aythya ferina WO V WO - 31 Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca V --- 32 Baer's Pochard Aythya baeri WO - V - 33 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula WC TO WO TO 34 Greater Scaup Aythya marila marila WO - WO - 35 Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis V --- 36 Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis V --- 37 Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula clangula TO - V - ?: Uncertain R: Resident, W: Winter Visitor, S: Summer Visitor, T: Transient Migrant, P: Pelagic Seabird, V: Vagrant, I: Introduced species C: Common (70%-100% chance), U: Uncommon (30%-70% chance), O: Occasional (<30% chance). Distribution in Code English Name Species Name Subspecies Endemism Taiwan Matsu Kinmen Dongsha 38 Smew Mergellus albellus TO--- 39 Common Merganser Mergus merganser merganser V-V- 40 Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator WO TO V - 41 Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus WO--- C2 Phasianidae 42 Blue-breasted Quail Synoicus chinensis chinensis RO--- 43 Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica TO TO TO TO 44 Taiwan Partridge Arborophila crudigularis RU - - - Endemic Species 45 Taiwan Bamboo-Partridge Bambusicola sonorivox RC - - - Endemic Species 46 Mikado Pheasant Syrmaticus mikado RO - - - Endemic Species 47 Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus formosanus, karpowi, RO/IU - IC - Endemic SSP. (P. c. formosanus ) formosanus × karpowi 48 Swinhoe's Pheasant Lophura swinhoii RU - - - Endemic Species C3 Gaviidae 49 Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata VWOWO- 50 Arctic Loon Gavia arctica viridigularis V-V- 51 Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica V --- 52 Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii -V-- C4 Podicipedidae 53 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis poggei RC/WC WO/TU RC TU 54 Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus auritus WO TO WO - 55 Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena holbollii -V-V 56 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus cristatus WO TO WC - 57 Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis WO TO WO - C5 Diomedeidae 58 Laysan Albatross Phoebastria immutabilis PV--- 59 Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes PO - PO - 60 Short-tailed Albatross Phoebastria albatrus PO - PO - C6 Procellariidae 61 Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii PV--- 62 Bonin Petrel Pterodroma hypoleuca PO--- 63 Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii PC PU - PO 64 Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata rostrata PV--- 65 Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas PC PU - PO 66 Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes PV--- 67 Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica PO - - PO 68 Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea PO PO - - 69 Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris PO PO - PO ?: Uncertain R: Resident, W: Winter Visitor, S: Summer Visitor, T: Transient Migrant, P: Pelagic Seabird, V: Vagrant, I: Introduced species C: Common (70%-100% chance), U: Uncommon (30%-70% chance), O: Occasional (<30% chance). Distribution in Code English Name Species Name Subspecies Endemism Taiwan Matsu Kinmen Dongsha C7 Hydrobatidae 70 Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa leucorhoa -PV-- 71 Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma monorhis PU PO - - 72 Tristram's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma tristrami PV--- C8 Phaethontidae 73 White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus dorotheae PV--- 74 Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus mesonauta PV--- 75 Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda melanorhynchos PO--- C9 Ciconiidae 76 Black Stork Ciconia nigra WO/TO TO WO - 77 Oriental Stork Ciconia boyciana WO TO WO - C10 Fregatidae 78 Great Frigatebird Fregata minor minor PO PO PO PO 79 Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel ariel PO PO PO PU C11 Sulidae 80 Masked Booby Sula dactylatra personata PO--- 81 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster plotus PC TO TO PO 82 Red-footed Booby Sula sula rubripes PO PO - PO C12 Phalacrocoracidae 83 Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus pelagicus VVVWO 84 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis WC WU WC WO/TO 85 Japanese Cormorant Phalacrocorax capillatus WO WO V - C13 Pelecanidae 86 Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus V - TO - C14 Ardeidae 87 Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris stellaris WO TO WO - 88 Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis RC/SC SU SU/TU TU 89 Schrenck's Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus TO TO TO TO 90 Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus RU SO SO TU 91 Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis flavicollis TO TO TO TO 92 Gray Heron Ardea cinerea jouyi WC WU WC WC/TC 93 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea manilensis RO/WO TO TO TO 94 Great Egret Ardea alba modesta SU/WC WC WC WC/TC 95 Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia intermedia SO/WC WU WU WC/TC 96 White-faced Heron Egretta novaehollandiae novaehollandiae V --- 97 Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes WO/TU TO SO/TO TU 98 Little Egret Egretta garzetta garzetta RU/SC/WC/TC RC RC WC/TC 99 Pacific Reef-Heron Egretta sacra sacra RU RC RU TO ?: Uncertain R: Resident, W: Winter Visitor, S: Summer Visitor, T: Transient Migrant, P: Pelagic Seabird, V: Vagrant, I: Introduced species C: Common (70%-100% chance), U: Uncommon (30%-70% chance), O: Occasional (<30% chance). Distribution in Code English Name Species Name Subspecies Endemism