Global Agroecosystems AGR 6932 (This Course Is Also Taught at the Undergraduate Level As AGR 4932) INSTRUCTORS: Dr

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Global Agroecosystems AGR 6932 (This Course Is Also Taught at the Undergraduate Level As AGR 4932) INSTRUCTORS: Dr Global Agroecosystems AGR 6932 (This course is also taught at the undergraduate level as AGR 4932) INSTRUCTORS: Dr. Diane Rowland, Associate Professor, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agronomy Department, 3105 McCarty Hall-B, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611-0500; [email protected] Dr. George Hochmuth, Professor, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Water Science Department, G175 McCarty Hall-A, P.O. Box 110290, Gainesville, FL 32611-0290; [email protected] Dr. Jerry Bennett, Professor, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agronomy Department, 3105 McCarty Hall-B, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611-0500; [email protected] CONTACT: Dr. Diane Rowland Office Location: G062 McCarty Hall-D E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: 229-869-2952 Fax: 352-392-1840 COURSE OFFERRED: Every Fall Semester, resident and distance education TIMES: MWF Period 4 (10:40 am – 11:30 am) CREDIT HOURS: 3 OFFICE HOURS: 11:30-12:30 MWF following class or by appointment PREREQUISITES Introduction to Soils (SWS 3022), Soils for Environmental Professionals (SWS 5050), Applied Field Crop Production (AGR 4214C), and Agricultural Ecology (ALS 3153), or equivalents, or approval by the instructors. COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course focuses on the principles of agroecology and presentation of topics that integrate ecological with agricultural principles to optimize resource conservation, productivity, societal benefit, and profitability. COURSE OVERVIEW: There is a need for students trained broadly in agriculture, including agriculture’s role in ecology as farming systems become more complex. This context is found in the “triple bottom line” of economics, environment, and society. This course will emphasize greater understanding of this triple bottom line in agricultural production in an ecosystem context, often termed agroecology. It will focus on the global trends of increasing population and land-use pressure; diminishing soil, water, nutrient, and energy resources; concern over the negative impacts of agricultural production on the environment; and increasing awareness of the potential ecosystem service benefits from agriculture. COURSE OBJECTIVES: The overall objectives of the course are to provide students with: 1) understanding of the complex interactions that occur in agroecosystems; and 2) the ability to apply this knowledge to the design and management of sustainable agricultural production systems. STUDENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Following this course, students are expected to: 1. Describe and understand global agricultural production systems and their role in facing the challenge of increasing global population. 2. Evaluate and discuss agricultural production issues from environmental, economic, and societal perspectives. 3. Analyze research literature dealing with the sustainability of agriculture. 4. Synthesize and apply the knowledge gained in this course to assess emerging agricultural production systems. 5. Use principles learned in this course to synthesize and evaluate a relevant and timely global issue in agroecology and effectively communicate in video format. CLASS FORMAT Three 50-minute periods per week. Delivery will be synchronous and asynchronous through videotaped classroom lectures. TEXTBOOK None required. Readings will be assigned for each module of the course. The following textbooks are useful references for the course: Altieri, M.A. 1995. Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture, 2nd edition. Westview Press, Boulder Colorado. Bohlen, P.J., and G. House. 2010. Sustainable Agroecosystem Management: Integrating Ecology, Economics, and Society. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Jackson, L.E. 1997. Ecology in Agriculture. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Scherr, S.J., and J.A. McNeely (eds.). 2007. Farming with Nature: The Science and Practice of Ecoagriculture. Island Press, Washington, DC. Sinclair, T.R., and A. Weiss. 2010. Principles of Ecology in Plant Production, 2nd edition. CAB International. 186 pp. Sinclair, T.R., and C.J. Sinclair. 2010. Bread, Beer and the Seeds of Change: Agriculture’s Imprint on World History. CAB International. 288 pp. Vandermeer, J.H. 2010. The Ecology of Agroecosystems. Jones & Bartlett Learning, Sudbury, MA. Wojtkowski, P.A. 2006. Introduction to Agroecology: Principles and Practices. Psychology Press, Binghamton, NY. ASSIGNED READINGS Ausubel, J.H., I. Wernick, and P.E. Waggoner. 2012. Peak farmland and the prospect for land sparing. http://phe.rockefeller.edu/docs/PDR.SUPP%20Final%20Paper.pdf Deepak, K.R., N. Ramankutty, N.D. Mueller, P.C. West, and J.A Foley. 2012. Recent patterns of crop yield growth and stagnation. Nature Communications. 3:1293. Doi:10.1038/ncomms2296. Foley, J.A., N. Ramankutty, K.A. Brauman, E.S. Cassidy, J.S. Gerber, M. Johnston, N.D. Mueller, C. O'Connell, D.K. Ray, P.C. West, C. Balzer, E.M. Bennett, S.R. Carpenter, J. Hill, C. Monfreda, S. Polasky, J. Rockstrom, J. Sheehan, S. Siebert, D. Tilman and D.P.M. Zaks. 2011. Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature 478:337-342. Jansen, H.H., P.E. Fixen, A.J. Franzleubbers, J. Hattey, R.C. Izaurralde, Q.M. Ketterlings, D.A. Lobb, and W.H. Schlessinger. 2011. Global prospects rooted in soil science. Soil Science Society of America Journal 75:1-8. Nickerson, C., R. Ebel, A. Borchers, and F. Carriazo. 2011. Major Uses of Land in the United States, 2007, EIB-89, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/188404/eib89_2_.pdf Pretty, J.N. 1997. The sustainable intensification of agriculture. Natural Resources Forum 21(4): 247-256. Sutton M.A., A. Bleeker, C.M. Howard, M. Bekunda, B. Grizzetti, W. de Vries, H.J.M. van Grinsven, Y.P. Abrol, T.K. Adhya, G. Billen, E.A. Davidson, A. Datta, R. Diaz, J.W. Erisman, X.J. Liu, O. Oenema, C. Palm, N. Raghuram, S. Reis, R.W. Scholz, T. Sims, H. Westhoek & F.S. Zhang., with contributions from S. Ayyappan, A.F. Bouwman, M. Bustamante, D. Fowler, J.N. Galloway, M.E. Gavito, J. Garnier, S. Greenwood, D.T. Hellums, M. Holland, C. Hoysall, V.J. Jaramillo, Z. Klimont, J.P. Ometto, H. Pathak, V. Plocq Fichelet, D. Powlson, K. Ramakrishna, A. Roy, K. Sanders, C. Sharma, B. Singh, U. Singh, X.Y. Yan & Y. Zhang. 2013. Our Nutrient World: The challenge to produce more food and energy with less pollution. Global Overview of Nutrient Management. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh on behalf of the Global Partnership on Nutrient Management and the International Nitrogen Initiative. Tainter, J.A. 2006. Archeology of overshoot and collapse. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 35:59– 74. SPECIAL SOFTWARE None required E-LEARNING E-learning Sakai. The entire course will be managed through e-learning using Sakai. This is a fully on-line course delivered in E-Learning Sakai, the centrally-supported course management system at UF. Sakai is the on-line source for the majority of your learning resources and assignments in this course. For a tutorial regarding E-Learning Sakai functionality, go to https://lss.at.ufl.edu/sakai-training/student_index.shtml. Students enrolled in the course should login to Sakai on the first day of the course at: http://lss.at.ufl.edu. You will use your Gatorlink name and password to login to Sakai. All PowerPoint presentations that support the lectures will be posted within the “Lessons” section of Sakai, as well as additional readings on the lecture topics. Threads of discussion on assigned topics and readings will be posted to the “Discussion” section of Sakai and all students will be expected to contribute to the discussions. Course announcements, general course information and all course communications will also be delivered within Sakai. EVALUATION OF STUDENTS The class is graded on the point scale, totaling 125 points. Class participation will be 25 points towards the final grade and will be comprised of discussions of assigned scientific readings on advanced topics. There will be two exams and a final exam, each accounting for 25 points. All students will complete exams online through Sakai. On exams, graduate students will answer in-depth discussion questions beyond those expected of the undergraduate students. For an additional 25 points, graduate students will complete a literature research project involving identification of a current issue in agroecology, review of the pertinent research, description of innovative strategies for its mitigation, and identification of gaps in the science. Students will present their projects in a You-Tube video format posted to the e-learning site for the class. The research project deadline is 11/04/13. Make-up exams will be approved only due to illness or extreme family needs, or important excused activities required by another class. Make-up exams must be approved prior to the regularly scheduled exam, and must be made-up within two class periods. If you are unable to take the exam due to illness, contact the instructor prior to the exam to confirm your absence. GRADING : We will use the following grading for the course: • A 117-125 points • A- 112-116 points • B+ 108-111 points • B 103-107 points • B- 100-102 points • C+ 96-99 points • C 91-95 points • C- 87-90 points • D+ 83-86 points • D 79-82 points • D- 75-78 points • E <75 points Grades and Grade Points Effective May 11, 2009 - Summer A http://registrar.ufl.edu/catalog/policies/regulationgrades.html Letter Grade A A- B+ B B- C+ C C- D+ D D- E WF I NG S-U Grade Points 4.0 3.67 3.33 3.0 2.67 2.33 2.0 1.67 1.33 1.0 .67 0 0 0 0 0 For information on current UF policies for assigning grade points, see https://catalog.ufl.edu/ugrad/current/regulations/info/grades.aspx CLASS PARTICIPATION AND ATTENDANCE We expect that all students will participate in the class by actively engaging in on-line discussions which will comprise 25 points of the final course grade.
Recommended publications
  • Common Ground: Restoring Land Health for Sustainable Agriculture
    Common ground Restoring land health for sustainable agriculture Ludovic Larbodière, Jonathan Davies, Ruth Schmidt, Chris Magero, Alain Vidal, Alberto Arroyo Schnell, Peter Bucher, Stewart Maginnis, Neil Cox, Olivier Hasinger, P.C. Abhilash, Nicholas Conner, Vanja Westerberg, Luis Costa INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE About IUCN IUCN is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and civil society organisations. It provides public, private and non-governmental organisations with the knowledge and tools that enable human progress, economic development and nature conservation to take place together. Created in 1948, IUCN is now the world’s largest and most diverse environmental network, harnessing the knowledge, resources and reach of more than 1,400 Member organisations and some 15,000 experts. It is a leading provider of conservation data, assessments and analysis. Its broad membership enables IUCN to fill the role of incubator and trusted repository of best practices, tools and international standards. IUCN provides a neutral space in which diverse stakeholders including governments, NGOs, scientists, businesses, local communities, indigenous peoples organisations and others can work together to forge and implement solutions to environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Working with many partners and supporters, IUCN implements a large and diverse portfolio of conservation projects worldwide. Combining the latest science with the traditional knowledge of local communities, these projects work to reverse habitat loss, restore ecosystems and improve people’s well-being. www.iucn.org https://twitter.com/IUCN/ Common ground Restoring land health for sustainable agriculture Ludovic Larbodière, Jonathan Davies, Ruth Schmidt, Chris Magero, Alain Vidal, Alberto Arroyo Schnell, Peter Bucher, Stewart Maginnis, Neil Cox, Olivier Hasinger, P.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Presentation Title
    Building a Digital Business Jim Swanson, Chief Information Officer March 22, 2016 Monsanto: A Sustainable Agriculture Company • Bringing a broad range of solutions to help nourish our growing world • Collaborating to help tackle some of the world’s biggest challenges • >20,000 employees in 66 countries • >50% employees based outside of the United States • One of the 25 World’s Best Multinational Workplaces by Great Place to Work Institute Our systems approach integrates technology platforms to maximize farmer effectiveness. Breeding • Stress Tolerance Biologicals • Disease Control • Weed Control • Yield • Insect Control • Vegetables, corn, cotton, soybeans, wheat, canola • Virus Control Biotechnology • Plant Health • Weed Control • Insect Control • Stress Tolerance • Yield / Yield Protection Data Science • Nutrients • Planting Script Creator • Increased production Crop Protection • Efficient water use • Weed Control (Roundup ® Branded Agricultural Herbicides) • Efficient nutrient use • Insect Control • Disease Control We can help meet the needs of the future. 20 4000 ) World Sustainably Supporting Population 18 Demand and Preserving 3500 Tonnes Natural Landscapes 16 Total Food 3000 Reduce the footprint of Production 14 (tonnes) farming 2500 12 Global Land Increase crop yields Use in Land Use (Millions of Ha) Population (Billions) 10 Agriculture 2000 Improve efficiency (Ha) Food Food Production (Billion 8 1500 Reduce waste 6 Improve diets 1000 4 500 By 2060: 160M hectares can be 2 restored to nature Source: National Geographic ,“Feeding the World”, 2014 0 0 Source: UN FAO, 2014, Monsanto internal calculations; Ausubel, et al., Peak Farmland and the Prospect for Land Sparing Population and Development Review Volume, , 38: 221–242 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100 Our strategy for unlocking digital yield enables us to lead in digital agriculture.
    [Show full text]
  • REFERENCE LIST Status Report: Focus on Staple Crops
    AGRA (Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa). 2013. Africa Agriculture REFERENCE LIST Status Report: Focus on Staple Crops. Nairobi: AGRA. http://agra-alliance.org/ AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science). 2012. download/533977a50dbc7/. “Statement by the AAAS Board of Directors on Labeling of Genetically AgResearch. 2016. “Shortlist of Five Holds Key to Reduced Methane Modified Foods.” Emissions from Livestock.” AgResearch News Release. http://www. Abalos, D., S. Jeffery, A. Sanz-Cobena, G. Guardia, and A. Vallejo. 2014. agresearch.co.nz/news/shortlist-of-five-holds-key-to-reduced-methane- “Meta-analysis of the Effect of Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors on Crop emissions-from-livestock/. Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency.” Agriculture, Ecosystems, and AHDB (Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board). 2017. “Average Milk Environment 189: 136–144. Yield.” Farming Data. https://dairy.ahdb.org.uk/resources-library/market- Abalos, D., S. Jeffery, C.F. Drury, and C. Wagner-Riddle. 2016. “Improving information/farming-data/average-milk-yield/#.WV0_N4jyu70. Fertilizer Management in the U.S. and Canada for N O Mitigation: 2 Ahmed, S.E., A.C. Lees, N.G. Moura, T.A. Gardner, J. Barlow, J. Ferreira, and R.M. Understanding Potential Positive and Negative Side-Effects on Corn Yields.” Ewers. 2014. “Road Networks Predict Human Influence on Amazonian Bird Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 221: 214–221. Communities.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281 (1795): 20141742. Abbott, P. 2012. “Biofuels, Binding Constraints and Agricultural Commodity Ahrends, A., P.M. Hollingsworth, P. Beckschäfer, H. Chen, R.J. Zomer, L. Zhang, Price Volatility.” Paper presented at the National Bureau of Economic M.
    [Show full text]
  • United Nations Environment Programme
    UNITED NATIONS EP United Nations UNEP (DEPI)/VW.1 /INF.3. Environment Programme Original: ENGLISH Regional Seas Visioning Workshop, Geneva, Switzerland, 3-4 July 2014 Scenario For environmental and economic reasons, this document is printed in a limited number. Delegates are kindly requested to bring their copies to meetings and not to request additional copies 4. Future pathways toward sustainable development “Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived Table 1. Top-15 crowd-sourced ideas on “What do you think forwards.” (Søren Kierkegaard) the world will be like in 2050?” Idea Score “Two different worlds are owned by man: one that created us, Global collapse of ocean fisheries before 2050. 90 the other which in every age we make as best as we can.” Accelerating climate damage 89 (Zobolotsky (1958), from Na zakate, p. 299.) There will be increasing inequity, tension, and social strife. 86 This chapter compares semi-quantitative narratives of what Global society will create a better life for most but not all, 86 would happen, if we continued as we did in the past, with primarily through continued economic growth. Persistent poverty and hunger amid riches 86 alternative pathways towards global sustainable Humanity will avoid “collapse induced by nature” and has development. The “stories” are internally coherent and 83 rather embarked on a path of “managed decline”. deemed feasible by experts, as they are derived from large- Two thirds of world population under water stress 83 scale global modelling of sustainable development Urbanization reaches 70% (+2.8 billion people in urban areas, - scenarios for Rio+20 in 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Why a Collapse of Global Civilization Will Be Avoided: a Comment on Ehrlich & Ehrlich Rspb.Royalsocietypublishing.Org Michael J
    Downloaded from http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on March 30, 2015 Why a collapse of global civilization will be avoided: a comment on Ehrlich & Ehrlich rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org Michael J. Kelly Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK Comment Ehrlich FRS & Ehrlich [1] claim that over-population, over-consumption and the future climate mean that ‘preventing a global collapse of civilization is perhaps Cite this article: Kelly MJ. 2013 Why a the foremost challenge confronting humanity’. What is missing from the well- collapse of global civilization will be avoided: a referenced perspective of the potential downsides for the future of humanity comment on Ehrlich & Ehrlich. Proc R Soc B is any balancing assessment of the progress being made on these three chal- 280: 20131193. lenges (and the many others they cite by way of detail) that suggests that the problems are being dealt with in a way that will not require a major disruption http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1193 to the human condition or society. Earlier dire predictions have been made in the same mode by Malthus FRS [2] on food security, Jevons FRS [3] on coal exhaustion, King FRS & Murray [4] on peak oil, and by many others. They have all been overcome by the exercise of human ingenuity just as the doom Received: 13 May 2013 was being prophesied with the deployment of steam engines to greatly improve Accepted: 3 June 2013 agricultural efficiency, and the discoveries of oil and of fracking oil and gas, respectively, for the three examples given. It is incumbent on those who would continue to predict gloom to learn from history and make a comprehen- sive review of human progress before coming to their conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Robert Fraley Former Chief Technology Officer
    DR. ROBERT FRALEY @RobbFraley FORMER CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER, MONSANTO COMPANY WORLD FOOD PRIZE LAUREATE Our Planet Faces Some Real Challenges OurPopulation planet Growth faces Rise in Middle Class Changing Economies & Diets 1960-2050 Mid Class Total Pop real challenges 8.5 9.7 6.9 7.8 355 507 4.9 5.6 3.2 in as of 1.8 1965 Today • Population will grow to 2010 2020 2030 2050 World~10 Populationbillion by 2050* 43% increase in calories (billions) from animal protein • Rise in middle class • Changing economiesChanging & dietsClimate & Decreasing Declining Arable Land Water Availability • Declining arable land • Decreasing water availability 1990 2013 • Changing climate Sources: UN FAO; Ray DK, Mueller ND, West PC, Foley JA (2013) Yield Trends Are Insufficient to Double Global Crop Production by 2050. PLoS ONE 8(6): e66428. *Source: United Nations, 2017 Science and Technology have been Essential to Crop Improvement Source: USDA Source: 100 120 140 160 180 200 20 40 60 80 0 1866 1869 Enabling Incredible Gains inProductivity Incredible Enabling 1872 1875 1878 1881 1884 Yields Soybean and Corn U.S. Historical 1887 1890 1893 1896 1899 1902 1905 1908 1911 1914 1917 1920 CORN 1923 1926 1929 1932 1935 1938 SOYBEANS 1941 1944 1947 1950 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 180.7 bu bu 2010 52.1 2013 /a /a 2016 New Advanced Technologies Enable Farmers To Be More Precise and Productive Than Ever Before Molecular Breeding Gene Editing Improves efficiency within a plant’s DNA Creates germplasm
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Collapse of Crop Belts and Declining Diversity of US Agriculture Since 1840
    Received: 20 January 2020 | Revised: 20 September 2020 | Accepted: 8 October 2020 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15396 PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLE Recent collapse of crop belts and declining diversity of US agriculture since 1840 Michael S. Crossley1 | Kevin D. Burke2 | Sean D. Schoville3 | Volker C. Radeloff4 1Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Abstract 2Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, Over the last century, US agriculture greatly intensified and became industrialized, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, increasing in inputs and yields while decreasing in total cropland area. In the indus- WI, USA 3Department of Entomology, University of trial sector, spatial agglomeration effects are typical, but such changes in the patterns Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA of crop types and diversity would have major implications for the resilience of food 4 SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and systems to global change. Here, we investigate the extent to which agricultural in- Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA dustrialization in the United States was accompanied by agglomeration of crop types, not just overall cropland area, as well as declines in crop diversity. Based on county- Correspondence Michael S. Crossley, 120 Cedar St., 413 level analyses of individual crop land cover area in the conterminous United States Biological Sciences Bldg., Athens, GA 30602, from 1840 to 2017, we found a strong and abrupt spatial concentration of most crop USA. Email: [email protected] types in very recent years. For 13 of the 18 major crops, the widespread belts that characterized early 20th century US agriculture have collapsed, with spatial concen- Funding information USDA NIFA AFRI ELI, Grant/Award Number: tration increasing 15-fold after 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Peak Farmland and the Prospect for Land Sparing
    Peak Farmland and the Prospect for Land Sparing JESSE H. AUSUBEL IDDO K. WERN I C K PA UL E. WA GGONER Expecting that more and richer people will demand more from the land, cul- tivating wider fields, logging more forests, and pressingN ature, comes natu- rally. The past half-century of disciplined and dematerializing demand and more intense and efficient land use encourage a rational hope that humanity’s pressure will not overwhelm Nature. Beginning with the examples of crops in the large and fast-developing countries of India and China as well as the United States, we examine the recent half-century. We also look back over the past 150 years when regions like Europe and the United States became the maiden beneficiaries of chemical, biological, and mechanical innovations in agriculture from the Industrial Revolution. Organizing our analysis with the ImPACT identity, we examine the elements contributing to the use of land for crop production, including population, affluence, diet, and the performance of agricultural producers. India and China In 1960 the population of India was about 450 million. In 1961, Indian afflu- ence, as measured by GDP, equaled about 65 billion recent US dollars (World Bank 2012). The average Indian consumed 2,030 food calories (kilocalories) per day, a level that approaches minimum calorie thresholds for hunger.1 Indian farmers tilled 161 million hectares (MHa) of land to grow crops, while the country imported a net 4 million to 10 million tons2 a year of cereal grains, over 6 percent of its demand on average during the decade of the 1960s (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change: Answers to Common Questions
    Climate change: Answers to common questions Cameron Hepburn Moritz Schwarz December 2020 Oxford Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment Smith School of Enterprise and Institute for New Economic the Environment / Institute Thinking at the Oxford Martin for New Economic Thinking, School (INET Oxford) University of Oxford The Institute for New Economic Thinking The Smith School of Enterprise and the at the Oxford Martin School (INET Environment (SSEE) was established Oxford) is a multi­disciplinary research with a benefaction by the Smith family centre dedicated to applying leading­ in 2008 to tackle major environmental edge thinking from the social and challenges by bringing public and physical sciences to global economic private enterprise together with the Uni­ challenges. versity of Oxford’s world­leading INET Oxford has over 75 affili ated teaching and research. scholars from disciplines that include Research at the Smith School shapes economics, mathematics, computer business practices, gov ernment policy science, physics, biology, ecology, geo­ and strategies to achieve net­zero graphy, psychology, sociology, anthro­ emissions and sustainable development. pology, philosophy, history, political We offer innovative evidence­based science, public policy, business, and law solutions to the environmental challenges working on its various programmes. facing humanity over the coming INET Oxford is a research centre within decades. We apply expertise in eco­ the University of Oxford’s Martin nomics, finance, business and law School, a community of over 300 scholars to tackle environmental and social chal­ working on the major challenges of lenges in six areas: water, climate, the 21st century. It has partnerships energy, bio diversity, food and the cir­ with nine academic departments cular economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Jesse H. Ausubel
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284437849 Peak Farmland and Potatoes Article · November 2014 CITATION READS 1 191 1 author: Jesse Ausubel The Rockefeller University 138 PUBLICATIONS 4,051 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Measures of Environmental Quality View project International Quiet Ocean Experiment (IQOE) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jesse Ausubel on 23 November 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Peak Farmland and Potatoes Jesse H. Ausubel Plenary address to the 2014 Potato Business Summit of the United Potato Growers of America Peak Farmland and Potatoes This essay is based on a plenary address to the 2014 Potato Business Summit of the United Potato Growers of America. Thanks to Jerry Wright for the invitation to participate in the Summit, my close collaborators Paul E. Waggoner (Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station) and Iddo K. Wernick and Alan S. Curry (Rockefeller University) for their help in preparing this essay, and H. Dale Langford for editorial assistance. Jesse H. Ausubel is the director of the Program for the Human Environment at The Rockefeller University in New York City, http://phe.rockefeller.edu. Photo credits Page 1, left: white potato flowers in field. http://uafcornerstone.net/potato-farm-is-a- thousand-acres-of-happiness/. Photo courtesy of Ebbesson Farms. “Ebbesson Farms potato fields are a work of art in the summer.” Page 1, right image source: Tractor with satellite. http://www.farmdataweb.com/. Page 2, left: Sack of potatoes, public domain.
    [Show full text]
  • The Potato and the Prius Jesse H
    The Potato and the Prius Jesse H. Ausubel Jesse H. Ausubel KeynoteKeynote address address, to 2018 the Potato 2018 Business Potato SummitBusiness of Summit theof United the UnitedPotato Growers Potato of Growers America of America Acknowledgments This essay is based on the keynote address to the 2018 Potato Business Summit of the United Potato Growers of America. Thanks to President Mark Klompien, Buzz Shahan, and George Martin of the United Potato Growers of American for inviting me to participate in the 2018 Potato Business Summit. Thanks to my colleagues, Alan Curry, Perrin Meyer, Paul Waggoner, and especially Iddo Wernick, who helped me with the research and analysis I share. Thanks to H. Dale Langford for editorial assistance. Jesse H. Ausubel is Director of the Program for the Human Environment at The Rockefeller University in New York City. http://phe.rockefeller.edu Suggested citation: Ausubel, Jesse H. 2018. “The Potato and the Prius” Keynote address to the 2018 Potato Business Summit of the United Potato Growers of America, Orlando, 10 January 2018. http://phe.rockefeller.edu/docs/Potato_and_Prius.pdf. Abstract Potatoes are a green vegetable. They spare other natural resources, especially land, through their high and rising yields achieved mainly with increases in information and capital. Since 1950 growers have reliably tripled yields and doubled production, while reducing area harvested by 30 percent. Farming resembles other modern industries: more bits and fewer kilograms. Drones, sensors, and autonomy are the central subjects of discussion in Silicon Valley, the Pentagon, and the Potato Summit. In this essay I show how potatoes resemble an efficient car, and consider strategies for a healthy potato industry in light of trends in both supply and demand.
    [Show full text]
  • Agriculture, Globalization, and the Demand for Land in the Tropics Derek Byerlee | Georgetown University | Washington DC
    Leveraging Agricultural Value Chains to Enhance LEAVES Tropical Tree Cover and Slow Deforestation BACKGROUND PAPER Agriculture, Globalization, and the Demand for Land in the Tropics Derek Byerlee | Georgetown University | Washington DC Disclaimer: All omissions and inaccuracies in this document are the responsibility of the authors. The findings, interpretations, and views expressed in this guide do not necessarily represent those of the institutions involved, nor do they necessarily reflect the views of PROFOR, The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Published December 2018 © 2018 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Financing for this study was provided by the Program on Forests (PROFOR). Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]