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Diagnóstico De Comunidades Bióticas.Pdf INFORME FINAL DE PROYECTO DB048 “Diagnóstico de comunidades bióticas focales en arrecifes coralinos de Cuba dirigido a la afectación por huracanes.” PROGRAMA DE BIODIVERSIDAD, AGENCIA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Jefe de Proyecto: Hansel Caballero Aragón ACUARIO NACIONAL DE CUBA, 2010-2012 INFORME FINAL DE PROYECTO DB048 “Diagnóstico de comunidades bióticas focales en arrecifes coralinos de Cuba dirigido a la afectación por huracanes.” PROGRAMA DE BIODIVERSIDAD, AGENCIA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE ACUARIO NACIONAL DE CUBA, 2010-2012 Jefe de Proyecto: Hansel Caballero Aragón1 Investigadores participantes Grado de participación • Pedro P. Chevalier 1 total • Alejandro Pérez 1 total • Erlán Cabrera 1 total • Néstor Rey Villiers 2 total • Linnet Busutil 2 total • Pedro M. Alcolado 2 total • Alexis Fernández 1 total • Raúl I. Corrada 1 total • Aneysi Pérez 1 total • Susana Perera 3 total • Dorka Cobian 4 total • Juliett González 5 total • Anubis Vega6 parcial • Carlos Varela1 parcial • Daryl de la Nuez1 parcial • Yuliet Piloto1 parcial Instituciones: 1. Acuario Nacional de Cuba, 2. Instituto de Oceanología de Cuba. 3. Centro Nacional de Áreas Protegidas 4. Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes 5. Órgano CITMA del PN Ciénaga de Zapata 6. Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras OBJETIVOS DEL PROYECTO General: Caracterizar comunidades bióticas focales en arrecifes de coral afectados por un frecuente paso de huracanes. Parciales: • Identificar y evaluar cambios en estructura y composición por especies de las comunidades bióticas. • Evaluar estado de salud de las comunidades bióticas, identificar presencia de tensores naturales o antrópicos in situ. • Digitalizar y georreferenciar resultados de este estudio para introducirlos al Sistema de información Geográfica Nacional. • Insertar resultados en el programa educativo - divulgativo del ANC. SALIDAS DEL PROYECTO. 1. Informe final de resultados del Proyecto. 2. Publicaciones científicas especializadas que actualicen los conocimientos sobre la biodiversidad marina y su comportamiento ante los cambios climáticos. 3. Materiales divulgativos en formato de video, digital o impreso con carácter educativo. 4. Base de datos y georreferenciación del resultado de los estudios. Magnitud y características del aporte alcanzado SALIDA No. 2 PUBLICACIONES CIENTÍFICAS Caballero, H., y Alcolado, P.M. (2011). Condición de arrecifes de coral sometidos a presiones naturales recientes: Bajos de Sancho Pardo, Cuba. REVMAR, 3, 51-65. Consultado de http://revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/3283 Cabrera, R., Alfonso, Y., Martínez-Daranas, B. y Suárez, A. M. (2012). Estructuras reproductoras y epífitas del género Avrainvillea en aguas cubanas. Rev. Invest. Mar. (2012), 32(1): 24‐29. Cobián-Rojas, D., Claro-Madruga, R., Chevalier, P. P., Perera, S., y Caballero, H. (2011). Estructura de las asociaciones de peces en los arrecifes coralinos del Parque Nacional Guanahacabibes, cuba. REVMAR, 3: 153-169. Consultado de http://revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/3302 De la Nuez, D., Busutil, L. y Pérez-Angulo, A. (2011): Diversidad y abundancia de las esponjas de los Bajos de Sancho Pardo, Archipiélago de Los Colorados, Cuba. REVMAR 3: 139-152. Busutil, L. y Alcolado, P. M. (2012). Prueba de un índice de contaminación orgánica urbana basado en comunidades de esponjas de arrecifes de Cuba. Serie Oceanológica. No. 10, 2012 ISSN 2072-800x Pérez-Angulo, A. y de la Nuez, D. (2011). Composición y estructura de la comunidad de octocorales en los Bajos de Sancho Pardo, arrecife de los Colorados, Cuba. REVMAR. 3: 127-138. Varela, C. (2010). Registros nuevos de copépodos, Crustacea:Copepoda:Harpacticoida) para aguas cubanas. Cocuyo, 18: 31-32. Varela, C., Hernández, I. y Chevalier, P. (2010). Registros nuevos de cnidarios (cnidaria) para Cuba. Cocuyo, 18: 29-30. EVENTOS CIENTÍFICOS Caballero, H, Perera, S., Macías, D., Varela, C., González, P., Hernández, Z., Cobián, D., Guardia, E. y Alcolado, P. (2011). CONDICIÓN DEL BENTOS DE ARRECIFES DE CORAL EN ÁREAS MARINAS PROTEGIDAS DE CUBA. RESULTADOS DEL MONITOREO I. Ponencia Oral. “VII Congreso Sobre Áreas Protegidas de la VIII Convención Internacional sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo”. La Habana, Cuba. Caballero, H., Varela, C., Juliett González 2, Chevalier, P., Macías, D., Rey, N., Perera, S., Cobián, D., Hernández, Z., Alfonso, Y., Espinosa, L. y de la Nuez, D. (2011). BIODIVERSIDAD MARINA DEL PARQUE NACIONAL CIÉNAGA DE ZAPATA, CUBA. CARACTERIZACIÓN GENERAL DE LOS VALORES DEL ÁREA. Poster. “VII Congreso Sobre Áreas Protegidas de la VIII Convención Internacional sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo”. La Habana, Cuba. Caballero, H. (2012). ARRECIFES DE CORAL DE CUBA: ESTRUCTURA Y CONDICIÓN ACTUAL. Conferencia temática. MARCUBA 2012. La Habana, Cuba. Cabrera, E., Chevalier, P., y Cobian-Rojas, D. (2012). CONDICIÓN DE LAS ASOCIACIONES DE PECES EN ARRECIFES CORALINOS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL CIÉNAGA DE ZAPATA. Ponencia. MARCUBA 2012. Pérez-Angulo, A. (2012). COMPARACIÓN DE LA COMPOSICIÓN Y ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD DE OCTOCORALES EN TRES ARRECIFES CORALINOS DE LA REGIÓN CENTRO-OCCIDENTAL DE CUBA. Ponencia. MARCUBA 2012. Rey-Villiers, N. (2012). COMPOSICIÓN Y ESTRUCTURA DE LAS COMUNIDADES DE OCTOCORALES EN EL GOLFO DE CAZONES, CUBA. Ponencia. MARCUBA 2012. Impacto previsto y alcanzado. Impacto social: Los materiales científico- divulgativos que se obtuvieron a partir de este trabajo se incluirán en el Programa Educativo que desarrolla el Acuario Nacional de Cuba en la divulgación del conocimiento y la protección de la biodiversidad marina. Esto incluye los Círculos de Interés, Jornadas Científicas Infantiles y Juveniles, Talleres de Verano así como actividades con el sistema educacional nacional, desde el nivel primario al nivel superior. Impacto científico: Este estudio permite identificar la condición actual de componentes de la biodiversidad marina de seis importantes zonas de arrecifes de coral, las cuales durante las dos últimas décadas han estado expuestas a disturbios de carácter natural. Permite comprobar la capacidad de resistencia y resiliencia de estas zonas de arrecifes al impacto de los huracanes de gran intensidad, los brotes de enfermedades microbianas y los eventos de blanqueamiento ocurridos en el período. Este trabajo identifica y alerta sobre impactos de carácter antrópico y su efecto en las comunidades estudiadas. Constituye un diagnóstico actualizado del estado de salud de arrecifes de coral de Cuba y contribuirá con las necesidades de monitorear su adaptabilidad ante los cambios climáticos. Las publicaciones obtenidas tienen un alto valor científico e interés nacional e internacional. La base de datos y la georreferenciación de resultados son herramientas muy importantes de análisis para posteriores estudios. El proyecto se asoció con el proyecto GEF-CNAP Archipiélagos del Sur de Cuba. Los resultados alcanzados dentro de las áreas marinas protegidas serán de vital importancia para los planes de manejo de estas. Los estudios alcanzados serán en muchos casos líneas bases y en otros fases de monitoreo. La asesoría y protocolos de muestreo y entrenamientos ofrecidos serán de gran importancia en la creación de valores humanos para los estudios y monitoreos de ecosistemas marinos. Impacto económico: Este estudio se realizó en zonas de gran importancia económica donde se practica el Turismo (Guanahacabibes, Bahía de Cochinos y Cienfuegos) y la Pesca (San Felipe y Golfo de Cazones). El conocimiento real del estado del ecosistema arrecifal permitirá un manejo adecuado y un uso sostenible de los recursos marinos presentes en el mismo. Igualmente servirá como datos base para el manejo de áreas protegidas de la zona que son fuente de suministro de especies y recursos naturales para aquellas con uso productivo. Otros resultados. SALIDA No. 3 MATERIALES DIVULGATIVOS EN FORMATO DE VIDEO, DIGITAL O IMPRESO CON CARÁCTER EDUCATIVO. • DVD PROYECTO DB048 Protocolos para Arrecifes de Coral (2010-2012). Incluye: - PPT Protocolo de Monitoreo del Bentos en Arrecifes de Coral. Taller de entrenamiento a manejadores de áreas marinas protegidas, Rancho Luna 2011. - PPT Identificación de corales pétreos in situ. Versión modificada y traducida del AGRRA 2005. Taller de entrenamiento a manejadores de áreas marinas protegidas, Rancho Luna 2011. - PPT Identificación de enfermedades en corales pétreos. Versión modificada y traducida del AGRRA 2005. Taller de entrenamiento a manejadores de áreas marinas protegidas, Rancho Luna 2011. - Catálogo de fotos de CORALES PÉTREOS (ANC). - Catálogo de fotos de OCTOCORALES (ANC). - Catálogo de fotos de ESPONJAS (ANC). - Catálogo de fotos de PECES (ANC). • DVD PROYECTO DB048 Imágenes en Arrecifes de Coral (2010-2012). Incluye: - Imágenes de los métodos de muestreo in situ. - Imágenes de los arrecifes de coral de Guanahacabibes, Golfo de Cazones y Bahía de Cochinos. SALIDA NO. 4 BASE DE DATOS Y GEORREFERENCIACIÓN DEL RESULTADO DE LOS ESTUDIOS. • Base de datos ACCES para Mapinfo PROYECTO DB048 (2010-2012). Resumen Se presentan los resultados de las cuatro salidas previstas en el proyecto DB048, el cual fue ejecutado entre los años 2010 y 2012. La salida 1 comprende el informe final del estudio de seis zonas de arrecifes de coral, que incluyó para el bentos (corales pétros, octocorales y esponjas) 14 arrecifes someros (9 crestas, 3 zonas traseras o resguardadas y 2 cabeceríos someros) y 84 arrecifes frontales. Para los peces se incluyeron 12 arrecife someros (8 crestas, dos traseras y dos cabeceríos) y 37 arrecifes frontales. Con el empleo de métodos evaluativos de carácter
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