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Impact of Mahatma Gandhi's Political Philosophy on Women

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Impact of Mahatma Gandhi's Political Philosophy on Women TRJ VOL. 3 ISSUE 5 SEP-OCT 2017 ISSN: 2454-7301 (PRINT) | ISSN: 2454-4930 (ONLINE) Impact of Mahatma Gandhi’s Political Philosophy on Women Dr. Rita Devi Department of Political Science, Sachdeva Girls College Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India Abstract - Mahatma Gandhi as a social and political reformer honesty of the Mahatma Gandhi, the love and respect he had played an important role in attempting to eradicate the social for the women, can never be doubted. He is truly the best wrongs committed against the women of the country through guide and friend of the women of the world. The present study ages. Mahatma Gandhi’s ideology was very respectful to aims at attaining of status by women as inspired or guided by women and supportive to their uplift. He had made significant Mahatma Gandhi and socio-political change as the result of contributions for the enhancement of the status of women in justified place of women promoted by Mahatma Gandhi’s India. Throughout his life campaigned for the upliftment of political philosophy. the socially downtrodden. It is essential to look at women's status prevalent in the 20th Century to understand in depth, Keyword - avail, upliftment, self-relient, conservative, the role that Mahatma Gandhi played in improving the customs, philosophy, nationalism, position of women in society. Mahatma Gandhi took the responsibility of shouldering a social campaign that led to a I. INTRODUCTION major re-orientation of the common notion of women in the In the Vedic time women perceived high status and Indian society. In 19th and 20th our country was in such a participated actively in the political discussions. They were wretched situation like social evils like Child Marriage and allowed to perform religious ceremony with their husband and Dowry System were rampant. Only handful women on that even preached the same but with course of time women lost time could avail of education and attend schools. According to their status in the society and they were confined in the four Mahatma Gandhi, education for women was the need of the walls. In the early 19th century few elite women leader time that would ensure their moral development and make formed women organizations, but there was lack of spirit of them capable of occupying the same platform as that of men. nationalism. Later on due to the efforts of Mahatma Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi was of the opinion that until and unless the spirit of nationalism arose among them all irrespective of women, on the basis of education and knowledge do not find class or status. These women came out on the national front their proper place in social and economic fields, they could for the cause of freedom. The sudden and massive entry of not achieve self- respect for themselves. Nor they could women into Salt Satyagraha in 1930, opened up for common become self- dependent in any of the walks of life. In his women further opportunities, which they were getting in the lifetime Gandhi inspired people to take concrete and practical Vedic time. Mahatma Gandhi, known as the Father of Nation, initiatives regarding women education which will bring them is the key source for inspiration and guidance in making of out of these old conservative customs and rules, which were Independent India. The movements under the leadership of responsible for their mental and social slavery. Women under Mahatma Gandhi brought women into mainstream. Scholars his ages took a milestone to step towards re-establishing their working, on the status of Indian women opine those many identity in the society. Mahatma Gandhi’s inspiring ideologies changes which have occurred in the traditional conception of boosted their morals and helped them to rediscover their self- role and status of women through new opportunities for socio- esteem. Not only there was a general awakening among the economic pattern and political rights, during the 1930s and women, but under his leadership they entered into the 1940s. The Indian National Congress had become a mass National mainstream, taking parts in the National movements. based organization under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. Participation of women in public and political gave them a There was a widespread commitment to equality of women. new prestige and status. According to him “To call women the Mahatma Gandhi did encourage the participation of women in weaker sex is a libel; it is men’s injustice to women.” Women the National Movement. Mahatma Gandhi included several participated in large numbers in mass movements led by women among his lieutenants who followed Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi and this made a big breakthrough in Indian as the supreme commander. women’s lives. Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy influenced millions of women on the time of freedom struggle and if we II. METHODOLOGY say about the present scenario the views expressed by the Methodology depends mainly on the aim of the nature of the Mahatma and the actions undertaken by him may not go problem coupled with the availability of the type of the data entirely because the times have irreversibly changed but the i.e. secondary in order to achieve the main objective. The THE RESEARCH JOURNAL (TRJ): A UNIT OF I2OR theresearchjournal.net 25 | P a g e TRJ VOL. 3 ISSUE 5 SEP-OCT 2017 ISSN: 2454-7301 (PRINT) | ISSN: 2454-4930 (ONLINE) study has been carried out with the help of recently developed be economically independent, but would also add to the research technique, method and furthermore different types of resources of middle class, sometimes even the sole source of data from different sources published in magazines, journals subsistence for lower class families. Once addressing women, and books has been collected. he said that refuse to be the slaves of your own whims and fancies, and the slaves of men. Refuse to decorate yourselves, A. Objectives and do not go in for scents and lavender waters, if you The present study has been conducted in the light of following (women) want to give out the proper scent, if must come out objectives: of your heart, and then you will captivate not man but • To examine the role played by Mahatma Gandhi to humanity. inspire the women • To study the enhanced power of women due influence of Though Mahatma Gandhi never challenged the traditional set Gandhian philosophy up, he inspired women to carve out their own destinies within. • To highlight that Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy is of Women learnt from Mahatma Gandhi that one can be strong effect in this changing scenario even if seemingly weak to protest against injustice. They realized that they do not have to accept the norms of male The main thrust of the study is the “Impact of Mahatma dominated politics. They evolved their own perspectives and Gandhi’s Political Philosophy on Women”. It has been formulated their own methods. Mahatma Gandhi could see considered imperative to provide study of the Gandhian woman as connected with service and not with power. influence on women and their participation in freedom movement as well as their emancipation even in today’s C. Mahatma Gandhi’s Philosophy on Women world. Women for Mahatma Gandhi were embodiments of virtues like faith, sacrifice, humility, tolerance and knowledge. B. Mahatma Gandhi’s Inspiration to Women ‘Women are the incarnation of Ahimsa. Ahimsa means A letter written to Raj Kumari Amrit Kaur from Wardha on infinite love, which again means infinite capacity for 20-10-1936, Gandhi wrote: ‘If you women would only realize suffering. He admired women’s qualities of self-suffering and your dignity and privilege and make full use of it for mankind, spirituality, as can be seen by his words that to me the female you will make it much better than it is. But man has delighted sex is not the weaker sex. It is the nobler of the two. in enslaving you and you have proved willing slaves ill the According to Mahatma Gandhi to call women the weaker sex slave and the slave holders have become one in the crime of is a libel. It is man's injustice to women. The capability of degrading humanity. My special function from childhood, you enduring suffering can be witnessed only in the women. With might say, has been to make women realize her dignity.’ the emergence of Mahatma Gandhi, a new conception of women gradually gained prevalence. For Mahatma Gandhi, Mahatma Ghandhi was fully aware of the exploitation of women were not mere toys in the hands of men, neither their women in and outside their homes, but he also thought that a competitors. Men and women are essentially endowed with person cannot be exploited without his or her will or the same spirit and therefore have similar problems. Men and participation. Mahatma Gandhi admitted that he learnt the women both are the complement of each other. The wife is not technique of non-violent passive resistance from women, the husband's slave but she is the companion of man and his especially from his wife and mother. He observed and studied help-mate and an equal partner in all his joys and sorrows. She women in his own home and came to perceive women as is as free as the husband to choose her own path. She has the equal partners in the home and society, not merely as wives right to participate in the very minutest details in the activities and mothers. However, for Mahatma Gandhi equality of the of man. Gandhi is the champion of the rights of women as sexes does not mean equality of occupations, as well women’s equal partner of men.
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