The Scaling and Allometry of Organ Size Associated With
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Topic Paper Chilterns Beechwoods
. O O o . 0 O . 0 . O Shoping growth in Docorum Appendices for Topic Paper for the Chilterns Beechwoods SAC A summary/overview of available evidence BOROUGH Dacorum Local Plan (2020-2038) Emerging Strategy for Growth COUNCIL November 2020 Appendices Natural England reports 5 Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation 6 Appendix 1: Citation for Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation (SAC) 7 Appendix 2: Chilterns Beechwoods SAC Features Matrix 9 Appendix 3: European Site Conservation Objectives for Chilterns Beechwoods Special Area of Conservation Site Code: UK0012724 11 Appendix 4: Site Improvement Plan for Chilterns Beechwoods SAC, 2015 13 Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 27 Appendix 5: Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI citation 28 Appendix 6: Condition summary from Natural England’s website for Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 31 Appendix 7: Condition Assessment from Natural England’s website for Ashridge Commons and Woods SSSI 33 Appendix 8: Operations likely to damage the special interest features at Ashridge Commons and Woods, SSSI, Hertfordshire/Buckinghamshire 38 Appendix 9: Views About Management: A statement of English Nature’s views about the management of Ashridge Commons and Woods Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 2003 40 Tring Woodlands SSSI 44 Appendix 10: Tring Woodlands SSSI citation 45 Appendix 11: Condition summary from Natural England’s website for Tring Woodlands SSSI 48 Appendix 12: Condition Assessment from Natural England’s website for Tring Woodlands SSSI 51 Appendix 13: Operations likely to damage the special interest features at Tring Woodlands SSSI 53 Appendix 14: Views About Management: A statement of English Nature’s views about the management of Tring Woodlands Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 2003. -
Hym.: Eulophidae) New Larval Ectoparasitoids of Tuta Absoluta (Meyreck) (Lep.: Gelechidae)
J. Crop Prot. 2016, 5 (3): 413-418______________________________________________________ Research Article Two species of the genus Elachertus Spinola (Hym.: Eulophidae) new larval ectoparasitoids of Tuta absoluta (Meyreck) (Lep.: Gelechidae) Fatemeh Yarahmadi1*, Zohreh Salehi1 and Hossein Lotfalizadeh2 1. Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. 2. East-Azarbaijan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tabriz, Iran. Abstract: This is the first report of two ectoparasitoid wasps, Elachertus inunctus (Nees, 1834) in Iran and Elachertus pulcher (Erdös, 1961) (Hym.: Eulophidae) in the world, that parasitize larvae of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lep.: Gelechiidae). The specimens were collected from tomato fields and greenhouses in Ahwaz, Khouzestan province (south west of Iran). Both species are new records for fauna of Iran. The knowledge about these parasitoids is still scanty. The potential of these parasitoids for biological control of T. absoluta in tomato fields and greenhouses should be investigated. Keywords: tomato leaf miner, parasitoids, identification, biological control Introduction12 holometabolous insects, the overall range of hosts and biologies in eulophid wasps is remarkably The Eulophidae is one of the largest families of diverse (Gauthier et al., 2000). Chalcidoidea. The chalcid parasitoid wasps attack Species of the genus Elachertus Spinola, 1811 insects from many orders and also mites. Many (Hym.: Eulophidae) are primary parasitoids of a eulophid wasps parasitize several pests on variety of lepidopteran larvae. Some species are different crops. They can regulate their host's polyphagous that parasite hosts belonging to populations in natural conditions (Yefremova and different insect families. The larvae of these Myartseva, 2004). Eulophidae are composed of wasps are often gregarious and their pupae can be four subfamilies, Entedoninae (Förster, 1856), observed on the surface of plant leaves or the Euderinae (Lacordaire, 1866), Eulophinae body of their host. -
Wonder Findings of Number of Cells in a Body Including Sexual Cells, Remedy of Corona Virus, Increase of Memory, and Other Cells by Couple System by Nirmalendu Das
Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: C Biological Science Volume 20 Issue 3 Version 1.0 Year 2020 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Wonder Findings of Number of Cells in a Body Including Sexual Cells, Remedy of Corona Virus, Increase of Memory, And other Cells by Couple System By Nirmalendu Das Abstract- It is difficult to calculate fixed data of a number of cells in a body. It is varying on time and age of life. The time increasing that cells are increasing, though we can estimate the number of cells in various nerves in a body, brain, sexual platform, etc through a couple system. The coupling system is a new system of the finding of peculiar series of numbers [1], which is applies to many fields. In the cases of Medical Science, it has been observed by calculation that due to disturbing of the couple caused different difficulties in the body. A smooth Coupling cell may produce a healthy body, and it is possible to increase memory by adding particular cells number in a loss position. The coupling system is interesting that, can explain the real mechanism of every cell. There are many types of cells in a living body. Almost all cells follow a couple of system. The coupling system performs coupling between two (say, A, 1st party & B, 2nd party) with keeping relation as 3rd party, denoted by R (Relative Number) mathematically. Keywords: number of cells related to couple system, sexual activity, corona virus, cancer cells, neurons of humans & animals, cause of diseases, memory cells. -
(Mercet, 1924) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in the Middle East
J. Crop Prot. 2016, 5 (2): 307-311______________________________________________________ doi: 10.18869/modares.jcp.5.2.307 Short Paper First record of Hemiptarsenus autonomus (Mercet, 1924) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in the Middle East Amir-Reza Piruznia1, Hossein Lotfalizadeh2* and Mohammad-Reza Zargaran3 1. Department of Plant Protection, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran. 2. Department of Plant Protection, East-Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran. 3. Department of Forestry, Natural Resource Faculty, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran. Abstract: Hemiptarsenus autonomus (Mercet, 1924) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Eulophinae) was found for the first time outside of Europe. Studied specimen was collected by a Malaise trap in the north west of Iran, East-Azarbaijan province, Khajeh (46°38'E & 38°09'N). Current record of Hemiptarsenus species of Iran adds up to seven species. These species and their geographical distribution in Iran are listed. Keywords: Chalcidoidea, new distribution, record, Iran, fauna Introduction12 Materials and Methods Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Iran Samplings were made in using the Malaise trap has been listed by Hesami et al. (2010) and Talebi in East-Azarbaijan province, Khajeh, Iran during et al. (2011). They listed 122 eulophid species summer of 2015. All the materials were from different parts of Iran including three species subsequently transferred to the laboratory at of the genus Hemiptarsenus Westwood, 1833 Department of Plant Protection, East-Azarbaijan (Hesami et al., 2010; Talebi et al., 2011). Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Recently Lotfalizadeh et al. (2015) reported Resources, Tabriz. External morphology was Hemiptarsenus waterhousii Westwood, 1833 as a illustrated using an Olympus™ SZH, equipped parasitoid of alfalfa leaf miners in the northwest with a Canon™ A720 digital camera. -
Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomofauna Jahr/Year: 2007 Band/Volume: 0028 Autor(en)/Author(s): Yefremova Zoya A., Ebrahimi Ebrahim, Yegorenkova Ekaterina Artikel/Article: The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 28, Heft 25: 321-356 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 30. November 2007 The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Zoya YEFREMOVA, Ebrahim EBRAHIMI & Ekaterina YEGORENKOVA Abstract This paper reflects the current degree of research of Eulophidae and their hosts in Iran. A list of the species from Iran belonging to the subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae is presented. In the present work 47 species from 22 genera are recorded from Iran. Two species (Cirrospilus scapus sp. nov. and Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) are described as new. A list of 45 host-parasitoid associations in Iran and keys to Iranian species of three genera (Cirrospilus, Diglyphus and Aprostocetus) are included. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel zeigt den derzeitigen Untersuchungsstand an eulophiden Wespen und ihrer Wirte im Iran. Eine Liste der für den Iran festgestellten Arten der Unterfamilien Eu- lophinae, Entedoninae und Tetrastichinae wird präsentiert. Mit vorliegender Arbeit werden 47 Arten in 22 Gattungen aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. Zwei neue Arten (Cirrospilus sca- pus sp. nov. und Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) werden beschrieben. Eine Liste von 45 Wirts- und Parasitoid-Beziehungen im Iran und ein Schlüssel für 3 Gattungen (Cirro- spilus, Diglyphus und Aprostocetus) sind in der Arbeit enthalten. -
Beetles of the Tristan Da Cunha Islands
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Koleopterologische Rundschau Jahr/Year: 2013 Band/Volume: 83_2013 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hänel Christine, Jäch Manfred A. Artikel/Article: Beetles of the Tristan da Cunha Islands: Poignant new findings, and checklist of the archipelagos species, mapping an exponential increase in alien composition (Coleoptera). 257-282 ©Wiener Coleopterologenverein (WCV), download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Koleopterologische Rundschau 83 257–282 Wien, September 2013 Beetles of the Tristan da Cunha Islands: Dr. Hildegard Winkler Poignant new findings, and checklist of the archipelagos species, mapping an exponential Fachgeschäft & Buchhandlung für Entomologie increase in alien composition (Coleoptera) C. HÄNEL & M.A. JÄCH Abstract Results of a Coleoptera collection from the Tristan da Cunha Islands (Tristan and Nightingale) made in 2005 are presented, revealing 16 new records: Eleven species from eight families are new records for Tristan Island, and five species from four families are new records for Nightingale Island. Two families (Anthribidae, Corylophidae), five genera (Bisnius STEPHENS, Bledius LEACH, Homoe- odera WOLLASTON, Micrambe THOMSON, Sericoderus STEPHENS) and seven species Homoeodera pumilio WOLLASTON, 1877 (Anthribidae), Sericoderus sp. (Corylophidae), Micrambe gracilipes WOLLASTON, 1871 (Cryptophagidae), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (STEPHENS, 1831) (Laemophloeidae), Cartodere ? constricta (GYLLENHAL, -
The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State -
Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lincoln University Research Archive Bio-Protection & Ecology Division Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal Mike Bowie Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 47 ISSN: 1177‐6242 ISBN: 978‐0‐86476‐222‐1 Lincoln University Wildlife Management Report No. 47 Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal Mike Bowie Bio‐Protection and Ecology Division P.O. Box 84 Lincoln University [email protected] Prepared for: Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Trust October 2008 Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Invertebrate Ecological Restoration Proposal 1. Introduction Rotokare Scenic Reserve is situated 12 km east of Eltham, South Taranaki, and is a popular recreation area for boating, walking and enjoying the scenery. The reserve consists of 230 ha of forested hill country, including a 17.8 ha lake and extensive wetland. Lake Rotokare is within the tribal area of the Ngati Ruanui and Ngati Tupaea people who used the area to collect food. Mature forested areas provide habitat for many birds including the fern bird (Sphenoeacus fulvus) and spotless crake (Porzana tabuensis), while the banded kokopu (Galaxias fasciatus) and eels (Anguilla australis schmidtii and Anguilla dieffenbachii) are found in streams and the lake, and the gold‐striped gecko (Hoplodactylus chrysosireticus) in the flax margins. In 2004 a broad group of users of the reserve established the Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve Trust with the following mission statements: “To achieve the highest possible standard of pest control/eradication with or without a pest‐proof fence and to achieve a mainland island” “To have due regard for recreational users of Lake Rotokare Scenic Reserve” The Trust has raised funds and erected a predator exclusion fence around the 8.4 km reserve perimeter. -
Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams Erin D
South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2017 Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams Erin D. Peterson South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Peterson, Erin D., "Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1677. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INVERTEBRATE PREY SELECTIVITY OF CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) IN WESTERN SOUTH DAKOTA PRAIRIE STREAMS BY ERIN D. PETERSON A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree for the Master of Science Major in Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences South Dakota State University 2017 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS South Dakota Game, Fish & Parks provided funding for this project. Oak Lake Field Station and the Department of Natural Resource Management at South Dakota State University provided lab space. My sincerest thanks to my advisor, Dr. Nels H. Troelstrup, Jr., for all of the guidance and support he has provided over the past three years and for taking a chance on me. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Hydroscaphidae (Coleoptera) 33-34 © Wiener Coleopterologenverein, Zool.-Bot
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Water Beetles of China Jahr/Year: 1995 Band/Volume: 1 Autor(en)/Author(s): Jäch Manfred A. Artikel/Article: Hydroscaphidae (Coleoptera) 33-34 © Wiener Coleopterologenverein, Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich, Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at M.A. JACII K L. Jl (als.): Water Beetles of China ' Vol. I i 33-34 j Wien, November 1995 HYDROSCAPHIDAE (Coleoptera) MA. JACII Abstract The Myclroscaphiclae of China and neighbouring countries are listed. Key words: Coleoptera, Hydroscaphidae, Hydroscapha, China Introduction The family Hydroscaphidae belongs to the suborder Myxophagidac. Superficially, Hydro- scaphidae resemble the genus Linmebius LEACH (Hydracnidac). However, they are easily distinguished from Limnebius by their shorter palpi and the filiform antennae. Adults of Hydroscaphidae can be recognized by the combination of the following characters: small size (0.6 - 1.9 mm long); antennae inserted vcntrally, consisting of 5 or 8 segments; maxillary palpi short; elytra apically truncate, thus abdomen partly exposed; tarsi 3-scgmcnted. The morphology of Hydroscaphidae was described in detail by REICHARDT & HlNTON (1976), RlCHOUX & DOLEDEC (1987) and LAWRENCE & REICHARDT (1991). The plastron respiration of the adults of Hydroscapha granulum MOTSCHULSKY was described by MESSNER & JOOST (1984). Hydroscaphidae arc normally found in streams or in seepage water on rocks (hygropetric habitats), where they feed on algae, but they have also been collected in pools and hot springs. The family Hydroscaphidae contains 3 genera. Yara REICHARDT & HlNTON and Scaphydra REICHARDT arc restricted to the New World, whereas Hydroscapha LECONTE occurs in the Nearctic, Palcarctic and Oriental Realms. -
Constant Neuropilar Ratio in the Insect Brain Alexey A
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Constant neuropilar ratio in the insect brain Alexey A. Polilov* & Anastasia A. Makarova Revealing scaling rules is necessary for understanding the morphology, physiology and evolution of living systems. Studies of animal brains have revealed both general patterns, such as Haller’s rule, and patterns specifc for certain animal taxa. However, large-scale studies aimed at studying the ratio of the entire neuropil and the cell body rind in the insect brain have never been performed. Here we performed morphometric study of the adult brain in 37 insect species of 26 families and ten orders, ranging in volume from the smallest to the largest by a factor of more than 4,000,000, and show that all studied insects display a similar ratio of the volume of the neuropil to the cell body rind, 3:2. Allometric analysis for all insects shows that the ratio of the volume of the neuropil to the volume of the brain changes strictly isometrically. Analyses within particular taxa, size groups, and metamorphosis types also reveal no signifcant diferences in the relative volume of the neuropil; isometry is observed in all cases. Thus, we establish a new scaling rule, according to which the relative volume of the entire neuropil in insect brain averages 60% and remains constant. Large-scale studies of animal proportions supposedly started with the publication D’Arcy Wentworth Tompson’s book Growth and Forms1. In fact, the frst studies on the subject appeared long before the book (e.g.2), but it was Tomson’s work that laid the foundations for this discipline, which, following the studies of Julian Huxley 3,4, became a major fundamental and applied area of science5–8.