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YORK 10017 NEW4> THE SECRETJ\RY-GENERAL Is 'I'RIP TO ROI'·'lE (ACC)
i\ND PORTUGAL
21 - 30 April 1987 • JH/acb 16 April 1987
ITINERARY FOR THE bECRETARY-GENERAL (Europe)
Date Itinerary Time Hours Airline Equipmt Stops from & Flt. Gt-'1T Number
Fri. 17 April LV: New York (JFK} 1300 -4 AF 002 sse 0 ARR: Paris (CDG} 2245 +2 (Hotel Sofitel}
Sat. 18 April LV: Paris (CDG} 1230 +2 AF 2407 310 0 ARR: Nice 1355 +2 (P rivate Residence)
1. 19 April Nice
Mon. 20 April Nice
Tues.21 April LV: Nice 1515 +2 Italian Government Aircraft ARR: Pisa 1545 +2
Tues.21 April LV: Pisa 1800 +2 Italian Government Aircraft ARR: Rome 1825 +2 (Le Grand Hotel}
Wed. 22 April kome
Thur.23 April Rome
F� 24 April Rome s� 25 April LV: Rome 1535 +2 TP 773 727 0 ARR: Lisbon 1730 +2 (Hotel Ritz}
�un. 26 April Lisbon
Mon. 27 April Lisbon (G overnment House}
Tues.28 April Lisbon PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Coimbra (uvernight}
Wed. 29 April Coimbra PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Lisbon (Government House}
Thur.30 April LV: Lisbon 1150 +2 TW 901 LlO 0
ARR: New York (JFK) 1400 - 4 JH/acb 16 April 1987
ITINERARY FOk MR. G. PICCO (Europe)
Date Itinerary Time Hours Airline Egui:emt Sto:es from & Flt. GMT Number
Mon. 20 April LV: New York (JFK) 1845 -4 PA 114 747 0 Tue. 21 April ARR: Paris (C DG) 0755 +2
Tue. 21 April LV: Paris (CDG) 1230 +2 AF 2407 727 0 ARR: Nice 1355 +2
ues. 21 April LV: Nice 1515 +2 Italian Government Airc raft tk. ARR: Pisa 1545 +2
Tues. 21 April LV: Pisa 1800 +2 Italian Government Aircraft ARR: Rome 1825 +2
Wed. 22 April Rome
Thur. 23 April Rome
Fri. 24 April Rome
Sat. 25 April LV: Rome 1535 +2 TP 773 727 0 ARR: Lisbon 1730 +2 (Hotel Ri tz) O un. 26 April Lisbon Mon. 27 April Lisbon (Government House)
Tues. 28 April Lisbon PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Coimbra (Overnight)
Wed. 29 April Coimbra PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Lisbon (Government House)
'l'hur. 30 April LV: Lisbon 1150 +2 TW 901 LlO 0 ARR: New York (JFK) 1400 -4 JH/acb 16 April 1987
ITINERAkY FOR MR. R. AHMED (Europe)
Date It inerary Time Hours Airline EguiEmt StOES from & Fl t. GM T Number
Tues. 2l April LV: New York (JFK) 1830 -4 PA 110 747 0 Wed. 22 April ARR: Rome 0835 +2
Thur. 23 April Rome
• r i. 24 April Rome
Sat. 25 April LV: Rome 1535 +2 TP 773 727 0 ARR: Lisbon 1730 +2 (Hotel Ritz)
Sun. 26 April Lisbon
Mon. 27 April Lisbon (Government House)
Tues. 28 April Lisbon PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Coimbra (Overnight)
Wea. 29 April Coimbra PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Lisbon (Government Bouse)
Thur. 30 April LV: Lisbon 1150 +2 TW 901 LlO 0 ARR: New York (JFK) 1400 -4 JH/ac b 16 April 1987
l'l'INERARY FOl<. t-'1S. CLARE KANE (Europe)
Date Itinerar:t: Time Hours Airline Egui;Em t StO;ES from & Flt. GM'l' Num ber
Mon. 20 April LV: New York (JFK) 1830 -4 PA 110 747 0 Tue. 21 April ARR: Rome 0835 +2
Wed. 22 April Rome
Thur.23 April Rome
·ri. 24 April Rome
Sat. 25 April LV: Rome 1535 +2 'l'P 773 727 0 ARR: Lisbon 1730 +2 (H ote l Ritz)
�un. 26 April Lisbon
Mon. 27 April Lisbon (G overnment House)
- Tues.28 April Lisbon PM Travel by car 2 hrs. Coim bra (Overnight)
Wed. 29 April Coim bra PM Travel by car - 2 hrs. Lisbon (Government House)
Thur.30 April LV: Lisbon 115 0 +2 TW 901 LlO 0 Al<.R: New York (JFK) 1400 -4 •
• THE SECRETARY-GENERAL'S TRIP
PISA I ROME I PORTUGAL
21 - 30 APR IL 198 7
Tuesday, 21 April
15 .30 dep Nice 16. 00 arr Pisa Italian gvt. plane in front of the command of the 46th aerobr igade
16.15 ceremony at airport with Italian authorities we lc ome by Mr . Esaafi , UNDRO
speech by Italian highest authority speech by the Secretary-General
16. 30 cutting of the ribbon at entrance of UNDR O wa rehouse
brief visit of wa rehouse and UNSD depot drinks
17 .00 departure fo r Piazza dei Mi racoli (Torre and Battistero)
18 .00 dep Pisa Italian gvt. plane 18 .30 arr Rome
trans fer Le Gra nd Hotel
dinner chez saouma with Mrs. Perez de Cuellar (info rmal) Via Ave ntine 59 - 2 -
Wednesday, 22 April
09 .45 Secretary-General jo ins Mr . Blanchard and others for breakfast (FAO building)
10 .00 ACC (formal meeting)
12 .00 Pr ime Minister of Norway
12.30 ACC members will leave FA O building from ma in entrance
13 .00 working meeting with Fo reign Minister of Italy (?)
13 .15 luncheon hosted by Fo reign Minister of Italy for 40 heads of Agenc ies Villa Madama (toast )
followed by me eting with Fo reign Minister
pm ACC (private meeting)
18 .00 reception·hosted by Mr . Saouma, Director-General, FA O Mohamed V room, 8th floor, FA O headquarters pr ivate dinner (Grand Hotel) - 3 -
Thursday, 23 April
09.45 meeting with Mr. Trant, Wo rld Food Counc il (at Grand Hotel)
10.00 ACC
13.00 luncheon hosted by Mr. Saouma, FAO
15.00 visit to WFC staff (at FAO building) pm ACC
18.30 interview by Ital ian TV
19.00 reception ho sted by !FAD at !FAD he adqua rters
Fo r Mrs. Perez de Cuellar: (if she wishes)
02.15 meet at FAO to vi sit Sistine Chapel and restoration projec t - 4 -
Fr iday, 24 Apr il
09 . 00 (all members ACC depart for Vat ican)
jo int aud ience with POPE with members of ACC
11.00 private aud ience with POPE
private luncheon hosted by Mr . and Mrs . Ag nelli
15. 45 ar rival at Centro Paolo VI
info rmal meeting with Progetto-Uomo youth group
16 . 25 forma l meeting beg ins
words of welcome by Don Mario Picchi words of we lcome by Mr . Andreotti
Secretary-General is awarded International Pr ize "Progetto-Uomo"
Sec retary-General's delivers speech
concluding remarks
dinner hosted by Mario d'Urso (informal) - 5 -
Saturday, 25 April
15 .35 dep Rome TP 773
17 .30 arr Lisbon
Hotel Ritz - 6 -
Su nd ay, 26 Ap ril
Li sbon pr ivate
Hotel Ri tz - 7 -
Monday, 27 Ap ril
of ficial vi sit Po r tugal
dinner hosted by Pr ime Ministe r (blac k tie) - 8 -
Tuesday, 28 April
of ficial vi sit Po rtugal
pm travel to Co imbra
ove rnig ht in Co imbra - 9 -
We dnesd ay, 29 April
10.30 ceremony at University of Coimbr a honor ary doctor ate
Se cretary-Gener al delivers speec h
lu nch ho sted by President at Bussaco (n o speech, just few wo rds , no text)
pm retu rn to Li sbon Hotel Ri tz - 10 -
Thursday, 30 April
11. 50 dep Li sbon TW 901
14.00 arr New Yo rk (JFK)
* * * • '
• THE SECRETARY-GENERAL'S TRIP TO ROME AND PORTUGAL
21 - 30 April 1987
COMPOSITION OF PARTY
The Secretary-General
Mrs. Perez de Cuellar
Mr. Rafeeuddin Ahmed, Under-Secretary-General for International Economic and Social Affairs *
Mr. Giandomenico Picco, Principal Officer, Executi ve Office of the Secretary-General **
Mr. G. Levtchenko, Chief, Operations Officer
Mr. N. Panzarino, Operations Officer
Ms. Clare Kane, Secretary of the Secretary-General ***
* Mr. Ahmed will join the Secretary-General in Lisbon, Po rtugal.
** Mr. Picco will join the Secretary-General in Nice, France.
*** Ms. Kane will join the Secretary-General in Rome. .. • ' Nic e, FRANCE
Arrival 1355 hours on Saturday, 18 April 1967, on flight
A� 1407 from Paris.
Staying at private villa ot Ambassaaor and Mrs. de Pinies
(contact in New York, tel: (212) 688-1436) •
.. Villa Arabe
Boulevara Alsace Lorraine 23
Beaulieu
(15 m1ns. from south of Nice)
Tel: Ol-6527
Private tel. no. (bedroom): Ol-2979
Chaffeurjhandy man Dominique
Car rental at Nice Airport:
Station Wagon "Bill to UNIC"
Europe Car
Te l : 9 3 - 21- 36 - 4 4
Mr. Guiot-bourg, Director
Departure 1530 hours on Tuesaay, �l April 1987, tor Pisa,
Italy by Italian �overnment Airc raft. I"'
•
• Mi.�. c. c C)
COr-.'l'ACT �UM.bERS
Europe (17-30 April 1987)
FRA�CE
Paris (overnight 17 April)
Hotel Sotitel (CDG Airport) Tel: 4H.62.23.23
UNIC: �Marcel Martin Tel: 45.68.10.00 (switchboard) Director 45.68.16.64 (airect)
42 . 9 7 • 49 • 73 (horne) Ms. Michel Stemar-Sursock 47.23.54.60 (home - temp.) Deputy Director
Nice (18 - 21 April)
Villa Arabe 'l·e1 : (9 3) 01-652 7
ITALY
Rome (21 - 25 April)
Le Grand Hotel Te 1 : ( 06) 4 70 9
FAO Te 1 : (0 6) 579 71
!FAD Te 1 : l 0 6) 54 591
UNIC: �Giorgio Pagnanelli 'l'el : l 0 6) 6 7 8 9 9 0 7 1 6 7 8 0 14 0 Acting Director (06) 656 9238 (home) ' .
- 2 -
PORTUGAL
Lisbon (25 - 30 April)
Hotel Ritz Tel: 684131
UNIC: �Hernan Escuaero 'I'el: 57 92 82/57 92 32
Co imbra •
• 1
�0.. 11 ·CD 0 .rt .rt �·
•
L UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES
INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR
·�· E: 1 TO: Mr. G. Picco Senior Officer DAT 6 April 1987 A: Executive fficer of the Secretary-General REFERENCE: ------
THROUGH: SIC DE:
Lu is M. G6 , Assistant Secretary-General FROM: for Prog �anning , Budgeting, OE: � Monitori g �u Eva luation , DAM
SUBJECT: University ·for Peace: Rodrigo Carazo's OBJET: letter of 10 Ap ri l 1987
1. The attached letter has been referred to me by Mr. Dayal, for advice.
2. Clearly, were the Government of Italy to raise with the � Secretary-General the issue of support to the University for Peace , it wou ld be possible for the Secretary-General to state:
(a) the University is a creation of the United Nations (G.A. Res. 35/55) .
(b) the University is doing important work as it has been recognized by the own Government of Italy in providing assist ance from its Development Co-operation Scheme to the University's activities in the field of information.
(_c). the University is still in its embryonic stage and it is only natural it faces financial constraints which. vo luntary contributions in the order of $500 .000 per year over the next few years would alleviate significantly.
(d) The President of Costa Rica , Dr. Oscar Arias , is commi tted to support the University in as fullest a manner as it would be possible to the government of a small country confronted wi th political and financial problems of great magnitude.
3. On the other hand , were the Secretary-General to have the opportunity of meeting with Senatrice Su sana Agnelli, it would only be natural to mention not only the above points but also the pleasure it gave the Secretary-General to appoint the Senator, following informal consultations with her office , as member of the Council of the University. The Secretary-General may add that he is looking forward to her active participation in the extraordinary session of the Univers ity Council, to be held in Madrid in September 1987, when the Medium-Term Plan of the University , its.· Programme of Work and budgetary situation will be thoroughly reviewed.
.... I - 2 -
4. The Secretary-General may wish to instruct me, as his representative to the University Council, to an swer Mr. Carazo's letter giving him assurances that the Secretary-General wi ll, if possible, deal with the matter whi le in Rome in. the mo st appropriate fashion.
CC: Mr. Dayal !J-1 . ,
UNIVERSITY FOR PEACE - "'-·h
...... -· ' .. CRIATIO BY U. N. OINIRAL AIII.-LY, DEC.I, 1... � � Tit.• -1CH2- 4 11·1HPO •ox. 1K-12SO,IICAZU, COlTA RICA, C. A. TIUX Z»1 MACAZE C. R. � .A._-
fTl)-07�-10-4-�7 �C/F1<'/rc
�en or ,J!;�.Vier Perez tiP. rue1J.ar �ecretario General f'rcran:f7eci6n de las Naciones Unidas �ueva York, N. Y. 10017
H. �. ft •
Fnter�dos rle �u l:'lrCl'drn� visit.a a T t::! li a, el ?7 de este mes, nos permitimos solicitar1e su valiosa colahor�ci6n en el sentido de aooyar las gestiones que "'"'"1�'>re� 1'!1 Pre�J.ti"""lte cle la �epuhlic-� de rosta �i2_a, Dr. Oscar Pr1as Sm<:lh.�z�. tenrUentes a f'ortalecer a la ''nivP.rsidad para la Paz a n1yel 1nternacional . Y.__a _ orocurar la muv neces�ri� y ur�ente avuda fin9nciera ara su continuo uncionamiento en favor de la . paz mundial. "'�l v como le !"XOrPsar� a us + ed el Presidente Os car Arias en su carta del 19 cle fehrero oasado v de acuerdo a nuestras conversaciones, sus esfuerzos i1'1st.it.u.,ion�1P.g v �"""r�ort::�lP.s o�rct l o ll'r � r un� ?yuc!a efectiva oara la TTniversidad �on sin dudct tie 11ran importancia.
••e l)""r..,itn ar1itll"!i:.'3r a est::o, co-pia "e 1'3. carta oue le e nv i a ra el Presidente 111"1as al sef'Jor Pettino Cr3Yi1 Primer t-'inistro de Ttalia, con el fin de que ust�rl, ·e"�er�rto �� 1? rni���, nos h�ga P.l i�..,Pnso favor de apoyar y fortalecer las �estiones del Presidente de Costa �lea.
Fsta�ns a sus 6rrlPnes rto� Javier, para cualquier informaci6n adicional, y le reiteramos nuestro profundo agradecimiento por su permanente disposicion y vo1 untart de � uch�r en eqf:.a e-rrnres3 junto con nosotros.
�eciha las �uestras de '1'1 mas alta consideraci6 n y estima .
�ot1ri�:ro �arazo �residente del Conse�o
cc: Lu1.s �:!!r!a �6"'�z
\ Ad1unto R(PUBliCA
COSTA RICA
VP-676
19 de Febrero de 1987
Su Excelencla:
Como ee de au conoclmlento la Asamblea General de las Naclonee Unldae, en au reeoluc16n 35/55 aprob6 la creac16n de un nuevo oraanlemo lnternaclo nal .de Educac16n Superior, la Unlveraldad para la Paz, .dedlcado a proao ver eefuerzoe en eate campo, a nlvel aundlal. La Unlveraldad tlene au . �ede en al pale, fue propueeta por el Goblerno de Costa Rica en 1978 y •• � a enlca InetJtucl6n lnternaclonal de vocacl6n Planetaria,· altuada en la Aatrlca Latina. El Convenlo Internaclonal de Creaclon de 1•· Unlvereldad fue flraado por au !lustre Goblerno el 27 de novleabre de 1981.
La centenarla tradlc16n deaocrAtlca de Costa Rica, la abollc16n del Ejtrclto coao lnatltucl6n peraanente por la Aaaablea ·conatltuyente de 19C9 y la conatrucc16n de una eocledad fortaleclda en loa baluartee. de la educaclon, la pluralldad polltlca y ·� reapeto a loa derechoa humanoe, eon a ml julclo, alaunaa de las razonee prlnclpalee para expllcar la seetacl6n del proyecto y la decle16n de darle a Costa Rica la aede de la Unlvereldad para la Paz.
Deade el aoaento alamo en que aeual la prealdencla, declart que al prln-. clpal coaproalao era el de reaauardar para al pueblo la paz que dlafruta moe. Deade entoncea dlao que loa confllctoe presentee en Centroamttlca, deben aer reaueltoa por la via de la neaoclaclOn pacifica, dentro del �arco de lo propueato por el Grupo de Contadora y de ml reclente propuea ta a loa Prealdentea Centroaaerlcanoe, "Una bora por la Paz", que otoraan un claro rechazo a acclonea allltarea propulaoraa de aoluclonea vlolen taa.
El compromlao democrAtlco expreeado por au Goblerno y au preocupacl6n .permanente en la b6aqueda de aoluclonea paclflcaa a loa dlferentea con fllctoa lnternaclonalea, hacen que nueatroa doe paleea ae alentan unldoa en el compromleo de concretar eefuerzoa a !avor de la paz.
Ee dentro de eeta perapectlva que le eecrlbo, coaunlcAndole el decldldo apoyo que otorao a la Unlveraldad para la Paz, deatlnada a eaprender proaraaae que fortalezcan loa eafuerzoe orlentadoe a la conatrucc!On de un aundo eolldarlo, baaado en la juatlcla y el reapeto a loa derechoa huaanoe.
Senor Primer nlnlatro, COIIO Uated aabe, la Unlvereldad para la Paz atra vleaa por una eltuac!On dl£1cll. EatA £1nanclada por. contrJbuclonee voluntarlae y neceelta en eatoa aomentoa, con uraencla, de una colabora clon econOmlca que pueda aaterlallzarae en loe pr6xl�os meses.
\ 0( LA REPUBLICA
COSTA RICA
- 2 -
Recienteaente 'recibl a los nuevos aieabros del Consejo Internacional la Univers!dad para la Paz y se ae in£ora6 que una de las representante de Europa en dicho oraanieao, noabrado por el Secretario General de Oraanizaci6n de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), es la Senadora y Vice-Hinistr de Relacionee Exteriores Susana Aanelli. La aceptaci6n hecha por la .ooctora Aanelli, de cooperar con su experlencia en la dlrecc16n de 1 Univereidad, junto con otros dietinauidos consejalee, provenlentes de lo demAe continentes, ee una s6lida auestra del avance de la Universlda para la Paz.
. Coao puede apreclaree del trabajo efe�uado por la Unlvereldad en 6ltlaoe cinco aftoe, su acelerado rita o de creciaiento iapulsa la ampli ci6n necesaria de su presupuesto. En estos aoaentos, los palses firaant del Convenio· lnternacional de Creaci6n de la Universidad para la Paz podrlan, ante la crisis financiera y la iaportancia de la ais16n de 1 Inatltuci6n, conaJderar la poelbilidad de fortalecer la cooperaci6n fl nanciera a loa nuevos proaraaas en las Areas de Comunicaciones para 1 Paz, Derechos Humanoa, £ducaci6n para la Paz, Soluci6n· Pacifica Conflicto, Desarrollo, Recursos Naturales y Calidad de Vida; en est• sentido, cualquier ayuda que pueda concretarae serla de vital iaportaricit y de especial _reconociaiento de parte de ai Gobierno.
La ayuda que su Gobierno da a la Unlversidad para la Paz, en el campo d• la cooperaci6n itallana, en especial en la pueata en aarcha del "Centr� Gandhi de Producci6n Audio-Visual 1986-1989", aerece mi reconocimientc mAs sincero.
Aprovecho la ocaai6n para renovarle las auestraa a! ••• alta deferenc!a · especial sentido de aaiatad.
Atentamente,
.....
Oscar Arias SAnchez
Excelentlsiao Seftor Bettino Craxl Priaer Hinistro de Italia
\ r• -- � - - �-14-�1-11-;-\.. � � C<.. � / - _;..,' a.,.... -- :; u-r WORLD FOOD PR�GR� i� Vie delle Terme dl Cerecalle, 00153-Rome Cables: WORLDFOOD ROtlE Telex: 626675 WFP I Tel.: 57973030/6335
,. .
James Ingram, AO
Executive Director 14 Ap ril 1987
My Dear Secre tary-General,
Re� WFP Headquarters Accommodation
I have re ceived the attached �te Verbale from the Italian au thorities indicating their des ire to make availab le to WFP a
headquarters site preferibly-located within-t:h�_i�me-�.,_.pi�i.A.�.. !}le-· on�-to��e a.lj2�J"ed-to the-!ntern_a��-
The Italian au thorities have requested me to confirm both Wf.:P's will i�2:1_e�!!._- �-a��-- -�-�-i!:�-�J_i:h-�-F�� .-��. ��-!_!_l:_�_j�Jl!l�§�_q_f_ t:h.� JJ:N and FAO. to_�n�er __ in_�_._n�otj.a�i�t�_ _ t.Q.W..t.f. - f r have-·aiready. inCiicat- e·d-to--thein -that-tid:s--a-greement wi ll need to l respect the provision in the Basic �xts, that WFP should be · "located at FAO headquar te rs in lbme", and I understand that no difficulty need be an ticipated in drafting the agreement with this l\i in mind.
The Italian authorities have also indicated that, for internal
reasons, i t_!_s_y_i t�! that _they �ou!_���Y.�-�-p�!_�iv�_ re�.12..onse_ _t_? this �te Verbale be fore 27 April. I would be most obliqed , there fo r-e:i.f'You-wouid--authorizemeto inform--them tliat y()-u.. a r-� iiiin-g - - w to �te !_!!lt� ��9_��T���C?;s;__ fo !��C:t1_ �.1!·-.a_;;,!.�e_ment �-- cnce -th"is i-s ·· done, the modalities of the negotiations can be wo rked out more deliberately.
Since the provision of adequate permanent accommodation is obviously of vital importfJ'lce to the Programme, I trust you will have no difficulty in conflrming your ag reement to this proposal within the time frame set by the Italian au thorities.
Yours sincerely
James Ingram
His Excellency Mr. Javier Perez de Cuellar Secretary -Genera1 U'li ted Nations \ New Yor k 10017 N.Y. / ··NOTE VERBALE
The Perm anent Di plo matic Representation of Italy presents its compl iments to the World Fbod Progranune and has the hooour to refe r to previous corresp oodence exchanged and discussi ons undertaken regarding the pr:oblem of permanent Headquarte rs premises, within the city of Rome, for the central offices of the Pro gramme.
In this respect, the Representation has the honour to confi rm the intention of the Italian Government to arrange the necessary legi slati ve and administrati ve documents in order to grant to the Pro granune for permanent use ffor the de finitive arrangement of its ce ntral offices) a suitable State-owned building, to be identified or to be built. SUch a build ing should preferably be within the same complex as the one to be eventually identified fo r the Headquarters of the Internati onal Fund for Agricultural Development, in view of the fact that that organization, through its President, has already expressed its agreement to such a solutioo. This need has been identifi ed because it has been fo und that the restructuring of the Caracalla complex and its extensi on t\otlich will accommodate all the FAO centralized offices within a single He adquarte rs com plex) will not - be aring in mind the present structural arrangements of FAO itself - result in the availability of adequate space for sharing with WFP.
In view of the above, the Jepresentation would be grateful if the Programme could update the indicati ons given some time ago of its space requirements for offices, additional services and parking twithout tak ing into consid erat ion the requirements for a conference hall for sessions of the CFA and fo r meeting rooms and general servi ces - Bank, Post Office, Cafeteria, etc. - as su ch requ irements can be met through the similar st ructures already foreseen for !FAD).
At the same time, it will be necessary to cooclude an appropriate Headquarte rs Pgreement between Italy and the united Nati ons - the UN and FHJ -.which can jointly represent the Programme at the foreseen inte rnational legal negotiation, required un der Italian Law as a prerequisite to the coocession of an y hea dquarters premises for permanent use. Such Agreement will be sub ject to ratification by the Italian Parli ament. ,J
With reference to the foreqoing, and whil e confi rmi ng the desire of the Italian auth orities to proceed with rraximum haste in finalizing the Pgreement (which wi ll generally refl ect arrange ments appl icable in the current Agreement with FAO), the Representation awaits to be info rmed on the points raised and takes this occcasion to renew to the Programme its hi ghest considera tion.
' - .... .k{t E/HR-(3� RAPPRESENTANZA P!::RMANENTE D'(TALIA � NAZIONI UNITE
2 UNITEO NATIONS PLAZA
NC:W YO!'tK. N.Y. 10017
(212) <:.96-9191
lliiJ
The Permanent Mission of Italy to the United
Nations presents its compliments to the Secretariat of the
Organization and has the ho nour to inform that the Italian
Government is transferring the following voluntary
contributions to the U.N. ·· Trust Funds Account no.
015/004473 Chemical Bank - U.N. Branch - New York:
.. - contribution to the United Nations Regional Centre
for Peace and Disarmament in Africa
(in accordance with the terms of
resolution 41/60 J of 3 December
1986, operative paragraphs 2 and 4)
in the amount of us dollars 50. ooo·J.
- contribution ·to the United Nations Voluntary fund
for the Victims of Torture,
(established by General Resolution
36/151 of 16 December. 1981) in the
amount of OS dollar 100.000.
The Permanent Mission of Italy to the United
Nations avails itself of this opportunity to renew to the
Segretariat of the Organization the assurances of its
highest consideration.
New York,20 March 1987 •
• No te for the Secretary-General's discussions with Mr White head
Afgha nis tan
. � 1. Categoric al indic ations from Washin gton that they suppo rt a polit ical settlement should match the categorical statements made by Mo scow that they are de termined to withdraw . It is ho pe d that Mr Shultz's trip to Mo scow could ac hieve this . (If Pre sident Reagan's statement in Lo s Angeles is negative on Afgha nistan, you may wish to comment accordin gly.)
2. The Gene va negotiations are close to completion but a settlement could not be clinched if a mec hanism for real national reconcilia tion is not set in motion We agre e, and we told this to the Soviets, that agreement on a timeframe should precede any agreement on a coalition . The question of self-de termination should, ho we ve r, be le ft to the Afghans . Pressures by the American and Britis h Go vernments will only delay concrete ac tion re gardin g a new Gove rnment.
3. It is always difficult to assess the timing but we feel that if the right mo ve s by all side s are not made now an agreement on a timeframe would not be po ssible . Thus we will all ha ve missed an his toric oppo rtunity . �l-
Die go Zvez 10 April 1987 .. • .L L_ . "l;(···:.
CONFIDENTIAL
TALKING POINTS FOR SECRETARY-GENERAL'S MEETING WITH THE FIVE PERMANENT MEMBERS ON THE INTERNATIONAL PEACE CONFERENCE ON THE MIDDLE EAST
1. NOW THAT I HAVE COMPLETED MY FIRST ROUND OF CONSULTATIONS WITH
THE PARTIES AND THE SECURITY COUNCIL, I THOUGHT IT WOULD BE USEFUL·
TO SHARE WITH YOU COLLECTIVELY MY ASSESSMENT OF WHERE I STAND AT
PRESENT, . t a. - -· ·-··--· ·
..
- 2 - \ \
2. -THE DISCUSSIONS WITH EACH OF THE NON-PERMANENT MEMBERS COVERED.
THE SAME GROUND AS THE INITIAL MEETINGS THAT WERE HELD WITH YOU AND
BASICALLY REVEALED THE FOLLOWING, THE TEN MEMBERS ARE IN FAVOUR
OF AN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN PRINCIPLE, BUT MANY EXPRESSED
CONCERN AT WHAT THEY PERCEIVE TO BE THEIR EXCLUSION FROM A PROCESS
IN WHICH THE COUNCIL AS A WHOLE SHOULD BE INVOLVED, THIS CONCERN
ABOUT A SPECIAL ROLE FOR THE FIVE WAS REFLECTED IN PARTICULAR IN
THEIR COMMENTS ABOUT A PREPARATORY COMMITTEE, ALTHOUGH IT WAS �
WIDELY RECOGNIZED THAT PREPARATORY WORK NEEDED TO BE DONE, SOME
MEMBERS QUESTIONED THE NEED FOR A FORMAL PREPARATORY COMMITTEE.
THEY DID NOT HOWEVER MAKE ANY SPECIFIC SUGGESTIONS ON HOW THIS WORK
COULD BE.ACCOMPLISHED. - ·� 1�.
- 3 -
3. SIMILARLY, AMONG THE PARTIES THERE IS. GENERAL SUPPORT FOR A
CONFERENCE IN PRINCIPLE, ALTHOUGH AS YOU KNOW, THE ISRAELI
GOVERNMENT IS DIVIDED ON THIS MATTER, FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE
DIFFERING PERCEPTIONS ON THE NATURE OF ANY CONFERENCE, MY
ASSSESSMENT IS SOMEWHAT INCOMPLETE, NOT LEAST BECAUSE THE SYRIAN
CHARG� IS WAITING FOR INSTRUCTIONS FROM DAMASCUS, MY MOST
THOROUGH DISCUSSION THUS FAR HAS BEEN WITH THE JORDANIAN FOREIGN
MINISTER WHO VISITED ME IN EARLY MARCH. I ALSO HAD A MEETING WLTH
MR. TAMIR, THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE ISRAELI FOREIGN MINISTRY, IN
LATE MARCH. ! L..•
- 4 -
REGARDING PREPARATIONS FOR A CONFERENCE, I WOULD LIKE TO �OINT OUT
THAT BOTH JORDAN AND ISRAEL ARE, FOR DIFFERING REASONS, OPPOSED TO
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PREPARATORY COMMITTEE SINCE EACH FEELS THAT
SUCH A MOVE COULD CREATE ADDITIONAL DIFFICULTIES. CONSULTATIONS
HAVE ALSO BEEN HELD WITH EGYPT, LEBANON AND THE PLO.
4. SOME QUESTIONS HAVE BEEN RAISED AS TO THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN
"A" AND "THE" INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. WHILE I HAVE BEEN
CONDUCTING THESE CONSULTATIONS AS REQUESTED IN RESOLUTION 41/43 D�
IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT EVER SINCE I ASSUMED THIS OFFICE IN 1982, I
HAVE BEEN STRONGLY COMMITTED TO THE SEARCH FOR A COMPREHENSIVE
SETTLEMENT OF THE MIDDLE EAST PROBLEM AND HAVE BEEN EXPLORING WAYS
OF ARRIVING·AT SUCH A SETTLEMENT. - 5 -
MANY OF MY INTERLOCUTORS HAVE, IN THIS CONNECTION, WHILE SPEAKING OF
A CONFERENCE, STRESSED AS A BASIS THE IMPORTANCE OF SECURI�Y COUNCIL
RESOLUTIONS 242 AND 338 AND THE NEED TO TAKE FULLY INTO
CONSIDERATION THE LEGITIMATE RIGHTS OF THE PALESTINIANS.
5. AS REQUIRED BY GA RESOLUTION 41/43 D, I WILL BE SUBMITTING A
REPORT - OF AN INTERIM CHARACTER - TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY BY
15 MAY. I WILL THEREAFTER CONTINUE WITH THE SPECIAL EFFORT THAT I
HAVE BEEN MAKING SINCE THE START OF THIS YEAR TO EXPLORE AND ASSESS
THE POSITIONS OF ALL CONCERNED, ESPECIALLY THE PARTIES. IN THIS
EFFORT, I WILL NEED YOUR FULL SUPPORT AND CO-OPERATION, AND OF
COURSE I WILL REMAIN IN CLOSE TOUCH WITH EACH OF YOU. - 6 -
6. WHILE A NUMBER OF PROBLEMS HAVE TO BE RESOLVED IF AN
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR A COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTION OF THE MIDDLE
EAST PROBLEM IS TO COME ABOUT, WE MUST BEGIN TO CLARIFY SPECIFIC
ISSUES. . APART FROM THE QUESTION OF PARTICIPANTS AND THE NATURE OF
PALESTINIAN REPRESENTATION, TWO OTHER ISSUES APPEAR TO ME TO BE OF
·cRITICAL IMPORTANCE:
(A) WHAT SHOULD BE THE AGENDA OF PLENARY SESSIONS OF THE
CONFERENCE�
(B) WHAT SHOULD BE THE NATURE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
PLENARY SESSIONS OF THE CONFERENCE AND THE OTHER NEGOTIATIONS
BETWEEN THE PARTIES. -...... - ·- • •• ··rr· a .. � ... J L
- 7 -
7. I SHALL BE GIVING FURTHER THOUGHT TO THESE ISSUES MYSELF AND I WOULD WELCOME YOUR VIEWS ON THEM, INDIVIDUALLY, WHEN I RETURN TO
NEW YORK IN EARLY MAY.
***
9 APRIL 1987
=-�------�==�----�------�-=���----· �·�---=�==��--� •
• 1·. Taking Exceptipn
. ·. · "How·one-sided THuRSDAY, APRIL ld, l9S1 A21 . ··is 'Wbyl The answer ia aimp&e. The • it to saythere Cjprisa government . runa an optD, .democratic, free-market economy with cloee links to the Wed, aact·it ; r ua warzone Charles�·Feis�tJ� · ·bu worked bard to rebuild from tbe on onlyone side rubble ·of invaaion. The Turb are-. ·· ruJlDiila a at.atiat economy kept illi• A Divided ' ,place by an army and large subeidies of a military - ?" ·� · .•from tbe Turlcish mainland, and they line bave poured 60,000 aettlers into the ···· • . � · S�· ·fro country to at.abilize the regime. No u wonder the aorthem Cypriot econo C Pr obvious'" obeervatioo that tbe·Greek I . Cypriots areatoaewalliq a aettle- my ia lumberintl aloo1 at less than y ·ment. ·bal( tbl nt6 olll'owth of its less- To (letbetter I seuae of the To I weiHndowedeouthem half. · · .. Benefits iab positionon Cyprua, it'a aaential Tbne yean aao Coogreu autho to examine the actions behind1. their riledt2&0miDioD for a apeciaJ Cy· SOOthinl rbetoric. Tbeir Iader', Rauf 'prul peeceandreconstnM:tionfund. Denktalb 4id IIJ yea to- lilt JU1"s·1 Thit autborilatioo, wbich remains on boob NoOne u.s. �t. bat Oftlyafter . addina tbe today, could be � to unacceptable precoadltioalthat de- JOive the very real· ecooonuc prob Amy E. Schwartz's op-ed piece mancled tbat no tfdalt witbdrawaJs ' . • Sclnmts mentions, and it un ("Cyprus Standstill," April?] sets out take place- untU after. t111e lelitimate · c:lencoreavery the realbelief in Con to provide an •equal hearing" for the �t of Cyprus- blcl been cfia.. · .lfell that � reconstruction · comm Turkilh unity on Cyprus to the soiYecl. lri the year siace tbeD. the CID occur Gilly after a aettlement is readers of The Post. But her uncrit;i. · Greek Cypriots have acceplllli.Secre- reached. assess . cal ment of the Turkish-Cypriot tarJ Geoeral Perez de Cutlllr"t ...., , · Tbe coadmeclIS di'fiaionofCyprus case avoids even the pretense of bal· JKOIICIIIl for talks, but Denlttatltl bM in noGOe'a belt interelt.lt drains the anced reporting and belies the sug· : refuaed. . ·• . strapped Turkish economy ofat least gestion that the Turks "have come . Meanwhile, Turkey has . placed 1 $120 million I year; it perpetuates late and rather clumsily to the world tension · · · · · -- · 10,000 new troops along the Green oo NATO's already unsettled propaganda game." Line, and modem U.S. weapons aDo- southem flank; mel it coodernna the As the article notes, the Turkish cated to Turkey for NATO purposes peopleof CJP�'Ui'""":Gree Turband ks army invaded Cyprus in 1974 follow have been diverted to modernize the alike-to a future we would never ing a coup againlt President Maka· Turkish occupation forces · on Cy· accept for ourselves. rios' government. Rightly, Turkish prua-amove that recently prompted Timefavors force, not the forcesof Cypriots feared this extremist junta. the HouseForeign Affairs Committee accommodation. To suggest other· . So did all Cypriots: the new regime to pass a provision to prohibit the wise dUJplays ilnorance of political - last� lessthan a week. After a short · · insensitivity to the "'ofti· · tranlferof new U.S. arms to Cyprus. reality and interval. constitutional order was re- But Schwartz's most astonishinl !nesses• of self-determinatioo and the · stored; and Makarios returned to the :rule of law that Denktash-and COQteotioo is the suggestion that the . presidency. Yet Turkish troops continued division of Cyprus some- Schwartl-treat so �· · stayed-and eXpanded their hold to bow-"paradoxically"?-serves the 40 percent of the island. United Na· loq-term ·'I'Mwritn if a DtmtJCf'atic interest of the Turkish ,.,_,.tatitJtfrrmt Olaio and a tions resolutions have repeatedly con Cypriota. She notes that bankers are . � 0�tM F(Wftm�. demned this illegal occupation. But wary ofTurkish Cyprus because it is 'J v• v'8 ••A iJJY u..;n the troops-more on Eutopea'Nl than 30,000-are a war zone. Butbow one-sidedit ia to subcommittte . tlw still there 11�././JAif:'-At today, a fact Schwartz ne say there ie a war zone on ooly oae . JDMfUKLUJ . glects to mention. side of 1 military frollt line? Tbefad·. No op-ed piece can account for isthat the war ariiJDlelllzone basDOt everyfacet of the Cyprus dispute. But held back the victimsof the invuioa,. Schwartz must be held accountable the Greek Cypriots. On their aideof for failing to analyze the "shruggingly · , the island, life booms. Befon tbe 1974 invasion, the avenaeincome fll Greet Cypriata W11 twice IMt c�·
their Turkish Cypriot coallterpllrtl;· '\OWit isfour timespter. -
• • '
• Member State 4
Belize German Dem Rep Greece Honduras India Iraq J�maica Mauritius Nepal Netherlands New Zealand - Romania sarnt:Lucia Samoa S,audi Arabia Somalia Spain Uganda United Kingdom uniTed States Vanuatu Yemen Arab Republic
Total
l576t UNITED NATIONS ST
Secretariat
Distr. GENERAL
ST/ADM/SER.B/289 2 April 1987
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
STATUS 0; CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1987!/ ' 1. At its 2444th plenary meeting on 17 December 1975, the General Assembly, on the recommendation of the Fifth Committee, decided that:
"having in mind the Secretary-General's appeal to Member States to help ease the cash-flow position of the United Nations by forwarding their assessed contributions more promptly� and in view of the complex tasks envisaged for the Organization under General Assembly resolution 3362 (S-VII) of 16 September 1975, the Secretary-General should be requested to resume, from 31 December 1975 and on a biannual basis thereafter, publication of a document showing, for each Member State, amounts assessed, paid and owed to the regular budget and on continuing operations for which there is a special assessment; the document should be made available to all Member States and should contain essentially the same information as that last published in the report of the Secretary-General on the collection of contributions as at 30 November 1964".
2. In view of the current financial crisis of the United Nations and the desire of Member States to be kept informed of the financial situation of the United Nations, the status of contributions will be issued on a quarterly basis in 1987. The following annexes are attached:
I. Status of advances due the Working Capital Fund for the biennium 1986-1987 as at 31 March 1987
II. Status of contributions to the United Nations regular budget as at 31 March 1987
III. Status of contributions to the United Nations Emergency Force (1973) (UNEF) and the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) as at 31 March 1987
IV. Status of contributions to the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) as at 31 March 1987.
I ... 87-08425
• ST/ADM/SER. B/289 English Page 2
3. The payments shown in the annexes have been recorded in accordance with relevant General Assembly resolutions and the Fi nancial Regulations of the United Nations.
Notes
!f The status of contributions as at 31 March 1987 is solely intended to reflect �e position of each of the funds set forth in the annexes at 31 March 1987. Assessed contri�tions to any of these funds which were received and duly recorded as of that date have been respectively reported. Those assessed contributions received and recorded after 31 March 1987 will be reported in the statement on the status of contributions as at 30 June 1987.
� A/C. S/1685.
• ST/ADM/SER.B/289 English Page 3
Annex I
STATUS OF ADVANCES DUE THE WORKING CA PITAL FUND FOR THE BIENNIUM 1986-1987 AS AT 31 MARCH 1987
As at 31 March 1987, all Member States, with the exception of the following, have paid fully the advances due the Working Capital Fund for the biennium 1986-1987, in accordance �ith the scale of assessments for 1986: .. . ' Balance outstanding Member State at 31 March 1987 $
south Africa 280,000 Syrian Ar ab Republic 10,000
Total 290,000
•
• ADD•!...!!
STATUS OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED NATIONS REX;ULAR BUDGET AS AT 31 MARCH 1987 (UNITED STATE S DOLLARS) !fi �� ------...... • CONTRIBUTI ONS PAYABLE CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING 1\) C» AS AT 1 JANUARY 1987 • AS AT 31 MARCH 1987 'D 1987 ------SCALE OF PRIOR CURRENT COLLECTIONS PRIOR CURRENT MEMBER STATES ASSESSMENTS YEARS YEAR TOTAL IN 1987 YEARS YEAR TOTAL
------
, AFGHANI STAN .01 - 72 . 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 ALBANIA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 ' 454
- - ALGERIA .14 1 014 351 1 014 351 1 014 351 · ANGOLA .01 53 751 72 454 126 205 27 440 26 311 72 454 98 765 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA .01 106 457 72 454 178 911 - 106 457 72 454 178 911
ARGENTINA .62 3 363 498 4 492 128 7 855 626 2 586 790 .JJ.6 708 4 492 128 5 268 836 ' AUSTRALIA 1.66 - 12 027 310 12 027 310 12 027 310 AUSTRIA .74 - 5 361 572 5 361 572 5 361 572 BAHAMAS .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 BAHRAIN .02 - 144 906 144 906 144 906
- BANGLADESH .02 - 144 906 144 906 - 144 906 144 906 - BARBADOS .01 - 72 454 72 454 - 72 454 72 454 BELGIUM 1.18 - 8 549 533 8 549 533 8 549 533 BELI ZE .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 BENIN .01 200 826 72 454 273 280 - 200 826 72 454 273 280
BHUTAN .01 70 043 72 454 '142 497 142 497 BOLIVIA .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 - 70 043 72 454 142 497 - - BOTSWANA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 72 454 . BRAZIL 1.40 8 168 721 10 143 514 18 312 235 - 8 168 721 10 143 514 18 312 235 BRUNEI DA RUSSALAM .04 - 289 813 289 813 289 813 - - -
BULGARIA .16 '772 708 1 159 259 1 931 967 1 172 666 - 759 301 759 301 BURKINA FA SO .01 86 781 72 454 159 235 - 86 781 72 454 159 235 ' BURMA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 BURUNDI .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 - 70 043 72 454 142 497 BYELORU SSIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC .34 766 338 2 463 425 3 229 763 1 248 973 - 1 980 790 1 980 790
CAMEROON .01 - ..72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 t."'\ _ CANADA 3.06 - 22 .184 754 22 184 754 22 184. 754 - CAPE VERDE .01 100 826 72 454 173 280 100 826 72 454 173 280 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC .01 124 685 72 454 197 139 - 124 685 72 454 197 139
- • . CHAD .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 70 043 72 454 142 497
------CONTRIBI1l'IONS PAYABLE CONTRIBI1l'IONS 011l'STANDING • AS AT 1 JANUARY 1987 AS AT 31 MARCH 1987
1987 ------SCALE OF PRIOR cu� COLLECTIONS PRIOR CURRENT MEMBER STATES ASSESSMENTS YEARS YEAR TOl'AL IN 1987 YEARS YEAR TOl'AL
------
- 507 176 - - CHILE .07 507 176 • 507 176 507 176 CHINA .79 - 5 723 840 5 723 840 5 723 840 - - - COLOMBIA .13 380 842 94 1 897 1 322 739 150 211 230 631 941 897 1 172 528 COMOROS .01 139 313 72 454 211 767 - 139 313 72 .54 211. 767 CONGO .01 60 242 72 454 132 696 - 60 242 72 454 132 696
COSTA RICA , .02 66 982 144 906 211 888 54 784 12 198 144 906 157 104
COTE D'IVOIRE .02 47 778 144 906 192 684 47 778 - 144' 906 144 906 CUBA .09 876 366 652 083 1 528 449 - 876 366 � 652 083 1 528 449 CYPRUS .02 - 144 906 144 906 144 906 -
CZECHOSLOVAKIA .70 824 722 5 071 757 5 896 479 s on ·757 ·• - 824 722 824 722
DEMOCRATIC KAMPUCHEA .01 188 439 72 454 260 893 -. 188..J39 72 454 260 893 DEMOCRATIC YEMEN .01 - 72 454 72 454 - 72 454 72 454 DENMARK .72 - 5 216 665 5 216 665 5 216 665 DJIBOUTI .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 - 72 454 . , DOMINICA .01 165 330 72 454 237 784 10 000 155 330 72 454 227 784
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC .03 475 506 217 360 692 866 - 475 506 217 360 692 866 ECUADOR .03 88 745 217 360 306 105 - 88 745 217 360 306 105 EGYPT .07 - 507 176 507 176 10 370 - 496 806 496 806 EL SALVADOR .01 191 433 72 454 263 887 - 191 433 72 454 263 887 :. · - EQUATORIAL GUINEA .01 191 575 72 454 264 029 - 191 575 12 454 264 029
ETHIOPIA .01 - 72 454 72 454 10 200 - 62 254 62 254 FIJI .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 FINLAND .so - 3 622 684 3 622 684 3 622 684
FRANCE 6.37 4 357 157 46 152 990 .. so 510 147 46 152 990 - 4 357 157 4 357 157 GABON .03 41 764 217 360 259 124 - 41 764 217 360 259 124
GAMBIA .01 210 715 72 454 283 229 - 210 715 72 . 454 283 229 GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 1.33 3 801 201 9 636 338 13 437 539 9 636 338 - 3 801 201 3 801 201 GERMANY , FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF 8.26 - 59 846 735 59 84 30 000 000 - 29 6 735 . -- 29 846 135 846 735 GHANA .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 GREECE .44 - 3 187 962 3 187 962 3 187 962 - - - �fi ·- GRENADA .01 110 341 72 454 182 795 - 110 341 72 454 182 795 ��"a GUATEMALA .02 274 884 144 906 419 790 - 274 884 144 906 419 790 .....• GUINEA • 01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 N Cll GUINEA-BI SSAU .01 220 207 72 454 292 661 149 978 70 229 72 454 142 683 "' GUYANA .01 152 866 72 454 225 320 - 152 866 72 454 225 320
• ------CONTRIBUTIONS PAYABLE CONTRIBUTI ONS OUTSTANDING ft AS AT 1 JANUARY 1987 AS AT 31 MARCH 1987 .., 1987 ------!:::i l.,. . SCALE OF PRIOR CURRENT COLLECTIONS PRIOR CURRENT MEMBER STATES ASSESSMENTS YEARS YEAR TOl'AL IN 1987 YEARS YEAR TOl'AL a. ------�.. ------'..,
HAITI .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 ! HONDURAS .01 36 240 72 454 108 694 33 469 2711 72 454 75 225 HUNGARY .22 1 219 574 1 593 981 2 813 555 1 000 000 219 574 1 593 981 1 813 555 .03 - 217 360 217 360 217 360 ICELAND ' INDIA .35 51 467 2 535 879 2 587 346 102 000 - 2 485 346 2 485 346
INDONE SIA .14 135 013 1 014 351 1 149 364 10 404 124 609. 1 014 351 1 138 960 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF ) .63 1 912 792 4 564 582 12 477 374 25 490 1 881 302 4 564 582 12 451 884 - -iRAQ .12 - 869 444 869 444 228 - 869 216 869 216� �N O .18 - 1 304 166 1 304 166 1 304 166 ISRAEL .22 3 051 664 1 593 981 4 645 645 - 3 051�64 1 593 981 4 645 645
ITALY 3.79 - 27 459 942 27 459 942 27 459 942 - - - JAMAICA .02 30 044 144 906 174 950 30 044 - 144 906 144 906 JAPAN 10 .84 - 78 539 783 78 539 783 18 539 783 - 60 000 000 60 000 000 JORDAN .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 KENYA .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454
KUWAIT .29 - 2 101 157 2 10 1 157 2 10 1 157 LAO PEOPLE 'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC .01 76 148 72 454 148 602 - 76 148 72 454 148 602 LEBANON .01 191 672 72 454 264 126 - 191 672 72 454 264 126 LESOl'HO .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 12 454 12 454 LI BERIA .01 161 041 72 454 233 495 10 192 150 849 12 454 223 303
- LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA • 26 2 676 117 1 8B3 796 4 560 513 2 676 117 1 883 796 4 560 513 LUXEMBOURG .OS - 362 270 362 270 36 2 270 MADAGASCAR .01 45 020 12 454 117 474 13 833 31 187 72 454 103 641 MALAWI .01 - 72 454 12 454 so 664 - 21 790 21 790 MALAYSIA .10 - 724 537 724 537 724 537
MALDIVES .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 70 043 - 12 454 12 454 MALI .01 63 346 72 454 135 800 - 63 346 72 454 135 800 MALTA .01 - 12 454 12 454 12 454 MAURITANIA .01 64 813 12 454 137 267 - 64 813 72 454 137 267 MAURITIUS .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 70 043 - 12 454 12 454
MEXICO .89 31 975 6 448 377 6 480 352 31 866 109 6 448 377 6 448 486 MONGOLIA .01 61 864 12 •s4 134 318 - 61 864 72 454 134 318 MOROCCO . OS - 362 270 362 270 - - 362 270 362 270 • I MOZAMBIQUE .01 - 12 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 - NEPAL .01 .. 72 454 72 454 72 454 ------
CONTRIBUTIONS PAYABLE CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING t l AS AT 1 JANUARY 1987 AS AT 31 MARCH 1987 1987 ------SCALE OF PRIOR CURRENT COLLECTIONS PRIOR CURRENT MEMBER STATES ASSESSMENTS YEARS YEAR TOTAL IN 1987 YEARS YEAR TOTAL
------
- NETHERLANDS 1.74 12 606 939 12 606 939 6 355 330 -· 6 251 609 6 251 609 NEW ZEALAND .24 - 1 738 889 1 738 889 - - 1 738 889 1 738 8139 NICARAGUA .01 219 809 72 454 292 263 65 600 154 209 72 454 226 663 NIGER .01 135 857 72 454 208 311 65 814 70 043 72 454 142 497 NIGERIA .19 716 693 1 376 620 2 093 313 52 020 664 673 1 376 620 2 041 293
' NORWAY .54 - 3 912 499 3 912 499 3 912 499 OMAN .02 - 144 906 144 906 - - 144 906 144 906 PAKI STAN .06 - 434 722 434 722 417 229 -· 17 493 17 493 PANAMA .02 100 087 144 906 244 993 - 100 087 144 906 244 993 PAPUA NEW GUINEA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454
PARAGUAY .02 213 483 144 906 358 389 - � 483 144 906 358 389 PERU .07 1 157 707 507 176 1 664 883 - 1 157 707 507 176 1 664 883 PHILIPPINES .10 229 720 724 537 954 257 169 348 60 372 724 537 784 909 POLAND .64 6 472 818 4 637 035 11 109 853 2 000 000 4472 ' 818 4 637 035 9 109 853 PORTUGAL .18 - 1 304 166 1 304 166 1 269 166 - 35 000 35 000
QATAR .04 477 617 289 813 767 430 467 617 10 000 289 813 299 813 ROMAN IA .19 3 867 682 1 376 620 5 244 302 - 3 867 682 1 376 620 5 244 302 RWANDA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 SAINT KI'l'TS AND NElliS .01 133 944 72 454 206 398 63 901 70 043 72 454 142 497 SAINT LUCIA .01 212 342 72 454 284 796 - 212 342 72 454 284 796
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES .01 35 022 72 454 107 476 35 022 - 72 454 72 454 SAMOA .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE .01 115 874 72 454 188 328 - 115 874 72 454 188 328 SAUDI ARABIA .97 - 7 028 006 7 028 006 - - 7 028 006 7 028 006 SENEGAL .01 - 72 454 72 454 8 329 - 64 125 64 125
SEYCHELLES .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 SIERRA LEONE .01 157 682 72 454 230 136 - 157 682 72 454 230 136 SINGAPORE .10 - 724 537 724 537 724 537 SOLOMON ISLANDS .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 - 70 043 72 454 142 497 SOMALIA .01 75 857 72 454 148 311 40 000 35 857 72 454 108 311 il! SOUTH AFRICA .44 27 566 416 3 187 962 30 754 378 - 27 566 416 3 187 962 30 754 378 �=-! SPAIN 2.03 - 14 708 096 14 708 096 - - 14 708 096 14 708 096 "'a SRI LANKA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 - - - . • SUDAN . .01 887 72 454 73 341 - 887 72 454 73 341 ...... SURINAME .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454 � \0 - � 1
------�------�� ------CONTRIBUTIONS PAYABLE . CO!ft'JU.BOTI ONS OOH'!'ANDIHG ll! AS AT 1 JANUARY 1987 AS AT 31 MAICH 1987 1987 ------c.il SCALE OF PRIOR CURRENT COLLECTIONS PRIOR CURRENT a MBMBBR STATBS ASSESSMBNTS YBARS YEAR TOTAL IN 1987 YEARS . YEAR TOTAL ------�
SWAZILAND .01 - 72 454 72 454 4 720 - 67 734 67 734 ! SWEDEN 1.25 - 9 056 709 9 056 709 9 056 709 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC .04 28 0 174 289 813 569 987 - 280 174 289 813 569 987 THAILAND .09 - 652 083 652 083 652 083 TOGO .01 64 349 72 454 136 803 - 64 349 72 454 136 803 •
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO • 04 145 097 289 813 434 910 - 145 097 289 813 434 910 TUNISIA .03 - 217 360 217 360 25 230 - 192 130 192 130 TURKEY .34 3 026 835 2 465 021 5 491 856 3 138 425 - 2 353 431 2 353 431 UGANDA .01 - 72 454 72 454 30 000 ..,.,. 42 454 42 454 UKRAINIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC 1.28 3 590 282 9 274 070 12 864 352 4 702 010 - 8 162 342 8 162 342
UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALI ST REPUBLICS 10 .20 16 643 032 73 902 748 90 545 780 37 469 139 - 53 076 641 53 076 641. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES .18 - 1 304 166 1 304 166 - - 1 304 166 1 304 166 UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND 4.86 - 35 212 486 35 212 486 8 803 122 - 26 409 364 26 409 364 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA .01 49 040 72 454 121 494 - 49 040 72 454 121 494 UNITED STATE S OF AMERICA 25.00 147 003 532 212 875 525 359 879 057 3 950 263 143 053 269 212 875 525 355 928 794
URUGUAY .04 280 174 289 813 569 987 - 280 174 289 813 569 987 VANUATU .01 4 229 72 454 76 683 - 4 229 72 454 76 683 VENEZUELA .60 - 4 347 220 4 347 220 15 300 - 4 331 920 4 331 920 VIET NAM .01 164 279 72 454 236 733 - 164 279 72 454 236 733 YEMEN .01 - 72 454 72 454 - - 72 454 72 454
YUGOSLAVIA .46 1 639 394 3 332 869 4 972 263 10 302 1 629 092 3 332 869 4 961 961 ZAIRE .01 70 043 72 454 142 497 - 70 043 72 454 142 497 ZAMBIA .01 - 72 454 72 454 72 454 ZIMBABWE .02 85 622 144 906 230 528 - 85 622 144 906 230 528
------TOTAL 100 .00 257 846 329 756 293 609 1 014 139 938 300 544 176 212 770 335 500 825 427 713 595 762 ------
• Alutou III
STATUS OF CONTRIBUTI ONS TO THE UNITED NATIONS EMERGENCY FORCE (1973 ) (UNEF) AND THE UNITED NATIONS DISENGAGEMENT OBSERVER FORCE (UNDOF) AS AT 31 MARCH 1987 (UNITED STATE S DOLLARS)
------4------
CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR THE PERIOD CONTRIBUTION ------PAYABLE UP 1 DEC 84 1 DEC 85 1 DEC 86 AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO • TO TO MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 ,!Y IN 1987 30 NOIT 84 30 NOIT 85 30 NOV 86 31 MAY 87 TarAL ------______,... ______,.._
AFGHANISTAN 4 238 171 - 3 527 352 359 171 4 409 ALBANIA 23 064 342 - 21 642 704 718 342 23 406 ALGERIA , 75 081 4 788 - 55 950 9 148 9 983 4 788 79 869 ANGOLA 2 652 17 1 - 1941 352 359 171 2 823 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA 1 719 171 - 1 008 352 .. 359 171 1 890
ARGENTINA 22 239 21 204 22 239 - - - 21 204 21 204 AUSTRALIA 4 283 860 283 864 AUSTRIA - 126 540 126 540 - - .., BAHAMAS - 342 342 BAHRAIN - 684 684
BANGLADESH 224 342 - - - 224 342 566 BARBADOS - 342 342 BELGIUM - 201 780 201 780 BELI ZE 711 171 171 - 181 359 .171 711 BENIN 11 341 171 - 10 630 352 359 171 11 512
BHUTAN - 171 171 BOLI VIA 15 096 342 - 13 674 704 718 342 15 438 BOTSWANA 535 171 171 - 5 359 171 535 BRAZIL 100 370 47 880 - - - 100 370 47 880 148 250 BRUNEI DARU SSALAM - 1 368 1 368
BULGARIA 66 939 5 472 52 338 - 3 005 11 596 5472 20 073 BURKINA FASO 3 536 171 - 2 825 352 359 171 3 707 BURMA l59 342 701 BURUNDI 11 341 171 - 10 630 352 359 171 11 512 BYELORUSSIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC 652 986 58 140 58 140 345 686 126 610 122 550 58 140 652 986
CAMEROON 535 342 449 - - 86 342 428 i'f! CANADA - 523 260 523 260 - - - - - CAPE VERDE 711 171 - - 352 359 171 882 IOi! a. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 22 541 342 - 21 119 704 718 342 22 883 .....• - - CHAD 535 171 176 359 171 706 1\) CD 10
- i--
------CON'l'RIBU'l'IORS OUTSTANDING POR TBB PERIOD CONTRIBUTION ------PAYABLE UP 1 DEC 84 1 DEC 85 1 DEC 86 ocr& AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLEX:TIONS TO TO TO TO !U MEMBER STATES 1 19t. IN 1987 IN 1987 30 NOV 84 30 NOV 85 30 NOV 86 31 MAY 87 TOTAL JAN � .2/ ... ------,;------�--- � � 2511 2 394 2511 2 394 4 905 CHILE - - -
CHINA - 165 601 165 601 COLC»miA 4 662 4 446 9 108 COMOROS ' 7 940 171 - 7 229 352 359 171 8 111 CONGO 23 064 34 2 - 21 64 2 704 718 342 23 406
COSTA RICA 684 684 - - - ,;- CO'l'E D' IVOIRE - 684 684 CUBA 30 820 3 078 - 18 032 6 333 6 455 3 078 33 898 CYPRUS - 684 684 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 583 435 119 700 119 700 - 210 868 _.r52 867 119 700 583 435
DEMOCRAT IC KAMPUCHEA 23 064 342 - 21 642 704 718 342 23 406 DEMOCRATIC YEMEN 6 021 171 - 5 310 352 359 171 6 192 DENMARK - 123 120 123 120 DJIBOUTI 2 396 171 - 1 685 352 359 171 2 567 DOMINICA - 171 - - - - 171 111
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 15 871 1 026 - 11 608 2 111 2 152 1 026 16 897 ECUADOR 952 1 026 - - - 952 1 026 1 978 BGYPT 2 511 2 394 2 394 - - 117 2 394 2 511 BL SALVADOR 8 397 342 - 6 975 704 718 342 8 739 EQUATORIAL GUINEA 16 831 342 - 15 409 704 718 342 17 173
171 171 ETHIOPIA - - - - - 171 PIJI 1 070 342 342 - 352 376 342 1 070 FINLAND - 85 500 85 500 PJWK:E - 1 335 290 1 335 290 GABON 13 469 1 026 - 9 970 1 407 2 092 1 026 14 495
GAMBIA - 342 342 GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 1 395 170 227 430 227 430 200 053 488 853 478 834 227 430 1 395 170 GERMANY , FEDERAL REPUBLIC OP - 1 412 460 1 412 460 GHANA 17 34 2 359 GREECE - 15 048 - - - - 15 048 15 048
GRENADA 1 555 171 - 844 352 359 171 1 726 GUATEMALA 4 905 684 - 2 063 1 407 1 435 684 5 589 674 171 171 144 359 171 674 • I GUINEA - GUINEA-BISSAU 1 227 17 1 - 516 352 359 171 1 398 768 34 2 346 704 718 342 2 110 GUYANA j l - ---==-
------CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR THE PERIOD CONTRIBUTION ------PAYABLE T UP 1 DEC 84 1 DEC 85 1 DEC 86 AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLPJ:TIONS • TO TO TO TO MBMBBR S'l'ATBS 1 JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 !?/ IN 1987 30 NO'/ 84 30 NO'/ 85 30 NO'/ 86 31 MAY 87 TOTAL ------
HAITI 10 677 171 171 9 795 352 • 359 171 10 677 HONDURAS - 342 - - - - 342 342 HUNGARY 14 839 7 524 - - - 14 839 7 524 22 363 ICELAND - 5 130 5 130 INDIA - 11 970 - - - - 11 970 11 970
INDONESIA - 4 788 4 788 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OP) 298 104 21 546 - 212 395 40 815 44 894 21 546 319 650 .. IRAQ 125 513 4 104 - 108 460 8 444 8 609 4 104 129 617 IRELAND - 30 780 30 780 ISRAEL 7 923 7 524 7 881 - - 42 7 524 7 566
ITALY 679 717 648 090 1 327 807 - - "*"' JAMICA 1 435 684 - - - 1 435 684 2 119 JAPAN 1 944 100 1 853 640 3 797 740 JORDAN - 342 342 UNYA 1 057 342 - - 339 718 342 1 399
IUWAIT 10 402 9 918 20 320 LAO PEOPLE 1 S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 3 189 171 - 2 478 352 359 171 3 360 LEBANON 1 481 342 - - 703 718 342 1 823 LESOTHO 180 171 - - - 180 171 351 LIBERIA 15 918 342 - 14 496 704 718 342 16 260
LI BYAN ARAB JAMHIRIYA 260 856 8 892 - 223 909 18 296 18 651 8 892 269 748 LUXBMBOUR; - 8 550 8 550 MAMGA SCAR 1 276 34 2 - - 558 718 342 1 618 MALAWI - 171 171 MALAYSIA - 3 420 - - - - 3 420 3 420
MALDIVES 1 532 171 - 821 352 359 171 1 703 MALI 858 171 - 147 352 359 171 1 029 MALTA 352 342 342 - - 10 342 352 MAURITANIA 13 331 342 - 11 909 704 718 342 13 673 MAURITIUS - 342 342 - - - - - ll! MEXICO 18 318 30 438 - - - 18 318 30 438 48 756 �:iJ MONGOLIA 8441 342 342 6 677 704 718 342 8 441 . .. MOROCCO 17 468 1 710 - 10 363 3 518 3 587 1 710 19 178 ...... 1\) MOZAMBIQUE 9 486 17 1 - 8 715 352 359 171 9 657 C» \0 • NEPAL - 17 1 171 , ,...
------�------CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR THE PERIOD CONTRIBUTION ------PAYABLE UP .1. l).t::-.; d'* .1. DEC 85 1 DEC 86 ll! AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO TO TO �=- Nil'! MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 y IN 1987 E/ IN 1987 30 NOV 84 30 NOV 85 30 NOV 86 31 MAY 87 TOTAL a. ------.....bll 1\) • CD NETHERLANDS - 297 540 297 540 - - - - - \0 NEW ZEALAND - 41 040 41 040 NICARAGUA 3 108 342 - 1 686 704 718 342 3 450 NIGER 2 015 171 - 1 304 352 359 171 2 186 NIGERIA ' 35 467 6 498 - 8 469 13 370 13 628 6 498 41 965
NORWAY 555 92 340 - - - 555 92 340 92 895 OMAN - 684 - - - ·- 684 684 PAKI STAN 138 2 052 2 021 - - - 169 169 PANAMA 22 534 684 - 19 692 1 407 1 435 684 23 218 PAPUA NEW GUINEA - 171 171 .A PARAGUAY 23 721 684 - 21 642 704 1 375 ' 684 24 405 PERU 41 862 2 394 - 31 914 4 926 5 ·-o'22 " 2 394 44 256 PH ILIPPINES 10 114 3 420 - - 3 001 7 113 3 420 13 534 POLAND - 109 440 - - - - 109 440 109 440 PORTUGAL 25 203 6 156 12 912 - - 12 :i91 6 15_6 18 �47
QATAR 13 425 1 368 - 8 504 2 111 2 810 1 368 14 793 ROMAN IA 137 307 6 498 - 110 309 i3 370 _p -628 .;6 498 �4 3 -_ 805 . '- RWANDA 528 171 - - 169 359 171 699 SAINT KITTS AND NEVI S 889 171 - - 530 359 171 1 060 SAINT LUCIA 535 171 - ... 176 359 .. 171 706
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 3 171 - - - 3 171 174 SAMOA 359 171 - - - 359 171 530 SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 2 471 171 - 1 760 352 3S9 171 2 -��2 SAUDI ARABIA 68 926 33 174 102 100 SENEGAL ,... 171 171
SEYCHELLES 346 171 - - - 346 171 si1 SIERRA LEONE - 13 667 342 12 -245 704. t 718 342 14 099 SINGAPORE - 3 420 3 420 - - - - - SOLOMON ISLANDS 359 171 - - - 359 171 530 SOMALIA 1 714 171 - 1 003 352 359 171 1 885
SOUTH AFRICA 3 302 399 7!h:Z40 - 3 001 284 144 194 156 921 75 240 3 371 639 SPAIN - - 9 213 69· .•-1 � .- 9 213 69 426 78 639 SRI LANKA 359 342 34 2 - - 17 34� 359 SUDAN 1 046 171 - 335 352 359 171 1 217 • I SURINAME 535 171 - - 176 - 359 171 706 • .....
------CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR PERIOD • THE CONTRIBUTION PAYABLE UP 1 DEC 84 1 DBC 85 1 DEC 86 AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO TO TO MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 � IN 1987 30 NOV 84 30 NOV 85 30 NOV 86 31 MAY 87 TOTAL ------
- - - SWAZILAND 342 342 · - SNBDEN - 213 750 213 750 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLI C 36 171 1 368 - 31 250 2 111 2 810 1 368 37 539 TIIAILAND - 3 078 3 078 TOGO 3 096 342 - 1 674 704 718 342 3 438 , TRINI�D AND TOBAGO 2 810 1 368 1 375 - - 1 435 1 368 2 803 TUNISIA 3 187 1 026 3 187 - - - 1 026 1 026 TURDY 9 572 11 628 - - - • 572 11 628 21 200 UGAMDA - 171 171 UKRAINIAN SOVI ET SOCIALISf REPUBLIC 2 436 645 218 880 218 880 1 293 225 464 237 460 303 218 880 2 436 645 ..,., UNION OF SOVI ET SOCIALISf REPUBLI CS 21 744 460 2 138 141 2 138 141 10 601 973 4 509 966 4 494 380 2 138 141 21 744 460 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 40 546 6 156 16 495 - 11 259 12 792 6 156 30 207 UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NOR'l'HERN IRELAND 1 068 475 1 018 761 1 226 123 - - - 861 113 861 1,13 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 8 545 171 - 7 834 352 359 171 8 716 UNITED STATE S OF AMERICA 654 447 5 329 414 5 329 414 - - - 654 447 654 447
URUGUAY 5 267 1 368 - - 2 397 2 870 1 368 6 635 VANUATU 1 546 171 - 835 352 359 171 1 717 VENEZUELA - 20 520 - - - - 20 520 20 520 VIET NI\M 21 011 342 - 18 826 1 407 178 342 21 353 YEMEN 11 341 171 - 10 630 352 359 171 11 512
YUGOSLAVIA 49 740 15 732 50 000 - - - 15 472 15 472 ZAIRE 6 519 342 - 5 097 704 718 342 6 861 ' ZAMBIA . 359 342 701 ZIMBABWE 1 062 342 - - 344 718 342 1 404 ------TOTAL 36 435 137 17 188 872 19 622 680 16 613 672 6 118 136 6 338 370 4 931 151 34 001 329 ------ll�
...-�. � wtt..._ i
....i. For mandates ending 30 November 1986 , 1\) � 0> • � Mandate from 1 December 1986 to 31 May 19 87 . "' ,...
ADDu IV
STATUS OF CONTRIBUTI ONS TO THE UNITED NATI ONS INTERIM FO�E IN LEBANON (UNIPIL) AS AT 31 MAICH 1987 (UNITED STATES DOLLARS) ��� r&r� ------��-----r•--•------I ...... CONTRIBUTION ------=�����:���-�������-��-�-�����------! PAYABLE 19 MAR 78 19 OCT 84 19 OCT 85 19 DPX: 86 AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTI ONS TO TO TO TO MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 !( IN 1987 B( IN 1987 18 OCT 84 18 OCT 85 18 DEC 86 31 JUL 87 TOTAL ------, -
AFGHANISTAN 11 087 930 8 065 1 375 1647 930 12 017 ALBANIA 24 913 1 860 18 846 2 174 3.293 1 860 26 773 ALGERIA 304 245 26 043 222 634 36 069 45 542 26 043 330 288 ANGOLA 11 209 930 8 187 1 37 5 1 647 930 12 139 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA 7 649 930 4 627 1 375 1 647 930 8 579
..,., AROENTINA 116 686 115 336 43 758 72 928 115 336 188 264 AUSTRALIA 1 543 990 765 702 718 288 778 288 AUSTRIA 688 284 688 284 BAHAMAS 1 860 1 860 BAHRAIN 3 720 3 720
BANGLADE SH 5 483 1 860 - 1 907 3 576 1 860 7 343
BARBADOS 1 176 1 860 1 176 -· � 1 860 1 860 BELGIUM - 1 097 534 1 097 534 - - BELIZB 3 537 930 515 1 375 1647 930 4 467 BENIN 12 075 930 9 053 1 375 1 647 930 13 005
BHUTAN 353 930 · 930 353 353 BOLIVIA 24 913 1 860 18 846 2 174 3 293 1 860 26 773 BO'l'SNANA 2 342 930 1 518 824 930 1 754 BRAZIL 460 495 260 432 3 460 492 260 432 720 927 BRUNEI DARUSSALAM - 7 441 7441 7441
BULGARIA 407 119 29 764 30 113 273 241 49 942 53 823 29 764 406 770 BURKINA PASO 11 380 930 8 358 1 375 1 647 930 12 310 BURMA - 1 860 1 860 1 860 BURUNDI 12 075 930 9 053 1 375 1 647 930 13 005 BYELORUSSIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC 4 385 488 316 238 3 320 050 499 936 565 502 316 238 4 701 726
CAMEROON 8 344 1 860 1 361 916 2 774 3 293 1 860 8843 CANADA 2 846 150"• ·- 2 846 150 2 846 150 CAPB VBRDE 3 022 930 3 022 930 930 • CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC 21 200 1 860 15 133 2 174 3 293 1 860 23 060 CHAD 2 327 930 680 1 647 930 3 257 e _.,
------CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR THE PERIOD CONTRIBUTION ------PAYABLE 19 MAR 78 19 OCT 84 19 OCT 85 19 DEC 86 AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO TO TO MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 .!?/ IN 1987 1& OCT 84 18 OCT 85 18 DEC 86 31 JUL 87 TOTAL ------
CHILE - 13 022 - - - 13 022 13 022 • CHINA - 900 749 900 749 - - - - COLOMBIA 23 769 24 18 3 34 789 - - - 13 163 13 163 COMOROS 12 075 930 - 9 053 1 375 1 647 930 13 005 CONGO 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 3 293 1 860 26 773
COSTA RICA ' 36 761 3 720 891 23 733 5 549 6 588 3 720 39 590 COTE D 1 IVOI RE - 3 720 3 720 - CUBA 251 210 16 742 196 600 24 970 29 .640 16 742 267 952 CYPRUS 2 353 3 720 6 073 - - - - - CZBCHOSLOITAKIA 9 224 415 651 079 651 079 6 348 333 1 055 421 1 169 582 651 079 9 224 415
DEMOCRATIC KAMPOCHEA 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 .A 3 293 1 860 26 77 3 DEMOCRATIC YEMEN 12 075 930 - 9 053 1 375 1 647 930 13 005 DENMARK - 669 683 669 683 DJIBOUTI 9 539 930 - 6 517 1 375 1 647 930 10 469 DOMINICA 588 930 - - - 588 930 1 518
' DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 62 446 5 581 - 44 245 8 323 9 878 5 581 68 027 ECUADOR 5 915 5 581 - - - 5 915 5 581 11 496 EGYPT 9 698 13 022 13 022 - - - 9 698 9 698 EL SALVADOR 23 886 1 860 - 17 819 2 774 3 293 1 860 25 746 EQUATORIAL GUINEA 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 3 293 1 860 26 773
ETHIOPIA - 930 395 - - - 535 535 FIJI 6 067 1 860 - - 2 774 3 293 1 860 7 927 FINLAND - 465 057 465 057 FRANCE 4 592 501 7 262 995 1 784 759 - - 2 807 742 7 262 995 10 070 737 GABON 44 983 5 581 - 30 121 5 549 9 313 5 581 50 564
GAMBIA 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 3 293 1 860 26 773 GERMAN DEMOC RATIC REPUBLIC 15 854 003 1 237 052 1 025 200 10 691 534 1 930 308 2 206 961 1 237 052 16 065 855 GERMANY , FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF - 7 682 742 7 682 742 GHANA 705 1 860 2 565 - - - - - GREECE - 81 851 - - - - 81 851 81 851 eo�
GRENADA 6 760 930 - 3 738 1 375 1 647 930 7 690 1 .. - ! GUATEMALA 18 907 3 720 6 770 5 549 6 588 3 720 22 627 t;l:-1 GUINEA 6 360 930 - 3 338 1 375 1 647 930 7 290 . GUINEA-BI SSAU 9 461 930 - 6 439 1 375 1 647 930 10 391 � GUYANA 6 067 1 860 - - 2 774 3 293 1 860 7 927 � '" '0
• ,....
------CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTAN�� FOR PERIOD . . THE ______,_.., ______. ______:._�..:-�------CONTRIBUTION _ PAYABLE 19 MAR 78 19 OCT 84 19 OCT 85 19 DEC 86 ll� AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO TO TO � =-i MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 !if IN 1987 18 OCT 84 18 OCT 85 18 DEC 86 31 JUL 87 TOTAL o-w . ------�------�til ------..... 1\) • CD '10 HAITI 12 075 930 - 9 053 1 375 1 647 930 13 005 HONDURAS - 1 860 739 - - - 1 121 1 121 HUNGARY 705 285 40 925 - 568 454 63 814 73 017 40 925 746 210 ICELAND I - 27 903 27 903 INDIA 41 168 65 109 - - - 41 168 65 109 106 277
INDONESIA 9 881 26 043 20 043 - - - 15 881 15 881 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) 1 399 517 . 117 195 - 1 033 941 160 922 204 6� 117 195 1 516 712 IRAQ 281 26 1 22 324 - 208 447 33 29 5 39 519 22 324 303 585 IRELAND lOS 863 167 420 273 283 ISRAEL 58 27 2 40 925 38 834 - - 19 438 40 925 60 363 ...., ITALY 2 228 993 3 S2S 133 2 228 99 3 - - - 3 S2S 133 3 S2S 133 JAMAICA 7 947 3 720 - - 1 3S9 6 S88 3 720 11 667 JAPAN 10 200 38S 10 082 437 lS 8S3 446 - - - 4 429 376 4 429 376 JORDAN - 1 860 - - - - 1 860 1 860 KENYA 11 776 1 860 1 163 4 S46 2 774 3 293 1 860 12 473
KUWAIT 20 467 S3 946 74 413 LAO PEOPLE 'S DBMOCRATIC RBPUBLIC 12 07S 930 - 9 OS3 1 375 1 647 930 13 005 LBBANON 6 628 1 860 - - 2771 3 8S7 1 860 8 488 LBS LIBYAN ARAB J�HIRIYA 576 262 48 366 - 418 498 72 139 85 625 48 366 624 628 WXBMBOUJG - 46 506 46 506 MDAGASCAR 9 710 1 860 - 3 643 2 774 3 293 1 860 11 570 MLAWI 3 022 930 - - 1 375 1647 930 3 952 MLAYSIA 11 763 18 602 30 365 MALDIVES 5941 930 - 2 919 1 375 1 647 930 6871 MALI 6 143 930 - 3 121 1 375 1 647 930 7 073 MALTA 1 385 1 860 1 860 - - - 1 385 1 385 MAURITANIA 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 3 293 1 860 26 773 MAURITIUS - 1 860 - - - - 1 860 1 860 MEXICO 107 798 16S S61 81 627 - - 26 171 16S 561 191 732 MONGOLIA 24 913 1 860 - 18 846 2 774 3 293 1 860 26 773 MOROCCO 91 60S 301 8 909 S2 3S7 13 872 16 467 9 301 91 997 • I 9 MOZAMBIQUE 14 140 930 - 11 118 1 37S 1647 930 lS 070 NEPAL S88 930 S88 - - - 930 930 - _., ------ CONTRIBUTIONS OUTSTANDING FOR THE PERIOD CONTRIBUTI ON .. : �\!\ PAYABLE 19 MAR 78 19 OCT 84 19 ocT ils 19 DEC:·at; ' AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO ..· TO' . "'1'0 TO. :. MEMBER STATES 1 JAN 1987- !/ IN l987 '!?! IN-. :uia7 18 OCT 84 18 OCT 85 18 DEC 86 31. JUL 87 TorAL NETHERLANDS 1 618 398 1 618 398 1 618 398 • NEW ZEALAND 141 150 223 227 261 300 103 in7 103 077 NICARAGUA 13 542 1 860 7 475• 2 774-"- 3 29:'3: 1 860:·: 15 402 ' NIGER 1 647 930 1 64'i. 930 2 577' . NIGERIA 179 610 35 344 64 323 52 716 62 571 35 344 214 954 . ·�: NORWAY 502 261 502 261 -· � OMAN 3 765 3 720 3 76s· 3 1io 7: ;4 i5' PAKI STAN 21 11 161 -� 11 161 11 iB 2 PANAMA 38 776 - 3 720 26 639 5 .5 49 :-: 6 58'8 3 720 . 42 '4 96'· . PAPUA NEW GUINEA 930 812 118 118 PARAGUAY 27 644 3 720 18 846 2 714 .6.. 024 3 no 31 364 PERU 154 471 13 022 111 996 19 421 1J 05�4- 13 on 167 4ft . PHILIPPINES 78 199 18 602 6 098 14 763 24 970 32 368' 1a 6oi' · 90 703· : POLAND 12 706 646 595 273 10 630 343 999 872 1 076 431 595 273 13 301 919 PORTUGAL 59 279 33 484 25 402 33 877 33 484_ . 67 361 QATAR 20 483 7 441 7 875 12 608 7 .441� 27 924• ROMANIA 487 BOO 35 344 372 513 52 716 62 571 35 .3 44 . '523' 144 RWANDA 4 001 930 979 1 375 1 647 930 4 93l SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS 4 304 930 2 657 1 647 .. 93'o- 5 234 SAINT LUCIA 9 941 930 6 919 1 375 1 647 930 10 871 SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 941 930 941 930 1 871 SAMOA 1 647 930 1 647 930 2577 SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 10 608 930 7 586 1 375 1 647 930 11 538 SAUDI ARABIA 557 262 180 444 238 969 5 057 313 236 180 444 498 737 SENEGAL 930 930 930 SEYCHELLES 3 856 . 930 834 1 375 1 647 930 4 786 SIERRA LEONE 23 305 1 860 17 238 2 774 3 293 1 860 25 165 SINGAPORE 18 602 18 602 SOLOMON ISLAN DS 11 686 930 8 664 1 375 1 647 930 12 616 "'D'::i SOMALIA 7 772 930 4 750 1 375 1 647 930 8 702 ��� �· · SOUTH AFRICA 5 217 314 409 250 3 931 893 569 371 716 050 409 250 5 626 564 -11:1' ...... SPAIN 377 626 377 626 377 626 i SRI LANKA 705 1 860 2 565 . SUDAN 5 119 930 2 097 1 375 1 647 930 6 049 .!!!. SURINAME 2 342 930 695 1 647 930' 3 272 � '10 - , ------�------.,,:� COII'l'- RIBO'l'tOMS .ooTSTANDING- . 'fOR. TBB PBRl.. OD . CONTRIBUTI ON PAYABLE 19 MAR 78 19 OCT 84 19 OCT 85 19 DEC 8& !�t AS AT ASSESSMENTS COLLECTIONS TO TO TO TO cur � IIBMBBR S'l'A'l'BS l JAN 1987 !/ IN 1987 � IN 1987 18 OCT 84 18 OCT 85 18 DEC 86 3l JUL 87 TOTAL . - . SWAZILAND 369 l 860 - - 369 l 160 2 229 - i SWEDEN l 162 642 l 162 642 SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC 73 046 7441 - 52 115 8 323 l2 608 7441 80 487 'lliAILAND ' - 16 742 - - - - 16 742 16 742 TOGO l2 126 l 860 3 414 2 645 2 774 3 293 l 860 10 57 2 - TRINIMD AND TOMGO 16 764 7441 6 910 - 9 854 7 441 17 295 - - TUNISIA 11 918 5 581 3 528 8 390 . 5 581 13 971 TURKEY 16 099 63 249 -· - - 16 099 63 249 79 348 UGANDA 90 930 - - - 90 930 l 020 UKRAI NIAN SOVIET SOCIALI ST - REPUBLI C 16 289 465 l 190 545 12 337 384 l 833 097 2 118 .J84 l 190 545 17 480 010 UNION OP SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS 151 624 598 11 629 913 - 113 143 488 17 801 677 20 679 433 ll 629 913 163 254 511 UNITBD ARAB EMI RATES 156 711 33 484 - 54 168 44 393 58 150 33 484 190 195 UNITBD KINGDOM OP GREAT AINBRIT - AND NORTHERN IRELAND 4 597 958 5 541 310 3 459 642 - l 138 3Ui 5 541 310 6 679 626 UNITBD REPUBLIC OP TANZANIA 12 075 930 - 9 053 l 375 l 647 930 u 005 UNITBD STATB S OP AMERICA 30 539 977 28 957 330 - - - 30 539 977 28 957 330 59 497 307 UROOUAY 24 270 7 441 - - 11 098 13 172 7441 31 711 VANU.\TU 7 649 930 - 4 627 l 375 l 647 930 8 579 VBNBZUBLA 70 575 111 615 70 575 - - 111 615 111 615 VIET NAM 60 599 l 860 .;. 51 193 5 549 3 857 l 860 62 459 YEMEN 12 075 930 - 9 053 l 375 l 647 930 13 005 YUGOSLAVIA 348 468 85 571 150 000 - 46 978 151 490 85 571 284 039 ZAIRE 30 391 l 860 - 24 324 2 774 3 293 l 860 32 251 ZAMBIA l 881 l 860 - - - l 881 l 860 3741 ZIMBABWE 7 935 l 860 - l 891 2 750 3 294 l 860 9 795 ------·------TOTAL 275 850 878 93 464 042 40 481 094 164 689 688 25 565 271 65 199 913 73 378 954 328 833 826 ------======------====== • !I For the per iod ending 18 December 1981 . ·� Assessment for the period from 19 Deceaber 1986 to 31 July 1987 . l'%j H �n '(I)� H 8 �8 H � .. • ' BACKGROUND PAPER NO . 1 THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS 1. The United States administration has pu rsued a pol icy of seeking authorization from Cong ress for payment of the full United States assessed contribution in 1987. It has intentiona lly not sought funds to cove r the Uni ted States withholdings for 1986 and �p revious yea rs, although it has ind icated that the Un ited States does have an obligation to ma ke such payment eventually. In the Co ngress, the House Foreign Affa irs Committee has agreed to a bill which wo uld revise the Kassebaum Amendment so that the President l 'wo uld be requ ired to make a determina tion that the intent of the ! Amendment wa s be ing me t. On such determination , 80% of the funds \ 'appropriated would be pa id. Dur ing the following 30 days, the Congress wo uld. have an opportun ity to express objection to the , payment of the rema ining 20% In the absence of such objection, tfie 20% wo uld be pa id . Under this bill , funds amounting only to $142M . --· ---- . ·-· ...·- -.-...� wo uld be appropriated for the United Nations, even with the re�1s1on of the Kassebaum Amendment. The bill went to the floo r of the House but has been withdrawn because of State Department object�ons t� provisions not relevant to the United Nations. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee has held hearings on an author ization bill during wh ich the views expressed by me mbers we re qu ite positive in favour of payment of the full United States assessment. The bill has not yet been voted on in the Committee , however, and the de lay offers an opportunity for unfavourable amendments . When Secreta ry Shultz has cal led for payment of the full United States assessme nt as an oblig ation under the Cha rter , he has been repeatedly asked where the money should come from , since the State Department did no t in its or iginal pr esentation provide for adequate fund ing . He has answered , in essence , that he does not know . 2. As for the United Nations financial situation , some $336M had been col lected this year as of 10 Apr il. Th is should be seen ·ag ainst a total of $75 6M due in 1987 and $258M in previous arrears and withholdings. The response to the appeal for prompt payme nt has been be tter 'than antic ipa ted but no payment has been received that was not expected during the year. In terms of cash flow , the Organization would seem to be in a position to make it through Octobe r or ear ly November in the absence of a United States payment. Solvency in the last two months wo u ld , ag ain, depend on the amount and timing of the United States contribution . The · outstand ing contribution of the United States currently stands at $356M. - 2 - 3. The budget for the 1988-89 biennium , wh ich you will be submitting to the CPC , will show a decrease of $30M over the amount of !he rev�sed appropr iation for the present biennium . In current dolla rs, the ?ew budget should show a neg ative growth rate of 1.6% 4. In speaking to Mr . Wh itehead, you may wish to note : You will be submitting a full report to the CPC shortly on implementation of the Group of 18 's reforms . Such implementation is we ll under way and, wh ile resu l tant reductions in cost cannot , for practical reasons , be inco rporated in the initial budgetary presentation , revised est imates be fore the next General Assembly should ind icate substantia l reductions as a result of the reforms thus far ·; implemented . The strong administration pos ition in favour of full payment of the Un ited States assessed co ntr ibution for 1987 is most we lcome . Some of the figures wh ich have so far emerged , however , are not encourag ing. The Un ited Nat ions ' so lvency aga in th is yea r will depend on the amount and tim ing of the United States contribution. Fa ilure of the United States to pay in full is bo und to jeoparidze the reform movement and could place in question the agreeme nt reached in the General Assembly on the reforms and the revised budgetary procedure . JSS 10/4/87 .. • ' 16 Apr il 1987 BRIEFIN:; IDI'E APPOINIMENI' OF OIAIRMAN OF Nr:./OC AND SOCREI'ARY OF NJ:. In 1978 NJ:. decided that the chairmanships of NX./OC and cn;Q (PROO) be entrusted to the United Nations . Secretariat support for Nr:./OC would be provided by the United Nations through OSS:OCS. No reference was made to the position of Secretary of AOC . Since that time , the Assistant Secretary-General of a3SECS has served as Chairman of NX./OC an:1 Secretary of NX.. As part of the current UN restructuring exercise , the functions of a3SECS relating to the technical servicing of meetings are being assumed by the Department for Political and General Assenbly Affairs and Secretariat Services . Concurrently, the Assistant-Secretary-General of the Office of the Director-General for Developnent and International Economic Affairs is to be designated as Chairman of NX./OC an:1 Secretary of NJ:.. }\Wropriate arrangenents will be made with regard to secretariat support. Although no official announcement has been made about these new arrangements, some members of NX. (FAO in particular ) have informally indicated concern and reiterated their wish to be consulted by the Secretary-General before his decision. 'Ibis is why it is suggested that the Secretary-General brief his colleagues of the big four during the dinner sponsored by Mr. Saol.DTia on 21 Apr il. Suggested talking points for that purpose include : As a result of the restructuring of the United Nations , it will be necessary for me to designate a person to carry out the responsibilities of the chairmanship of OC and secretariatship of NJ:.. -2- You may recall that in accordance with the decision of AOC, it is the responsibility of the Secretary-General to awoint the Chairman of PC.C/OC and to provide the necessary secretariat suwort. In addition, as Chairman of AOC, the Secretary-General has traditionally designated the Secretary of PCC . Given the responsibilities of OC, in particular with regard to preparations for AOC meetings , it has been found useful that the sarre person ocx:upy both positions . Taking into account relevant recomnendations of the Group of 18 on the united Nations secretariat, I have decided to designate the Assistant Secretary-General of the Office the Director-General for Development and International Economic Co-operation to be Chairman of PC.C/OC and Secretary of PCC . Although no formal announcement has been made , it has been decided that Mr. Alister M::Intyre, formerly Deputy Secretary-General of mc:rAD, will beCone the Assistant Secretary-General of DIEC effective May 1987. I have every confidence that Mr. M::Intyre would carry out his responsibilities with the same sense of objectivity and commitment that characterized the performance of his predecessors. - the United Nations will continue to provide the necessary secretariat suwort for the work of AOC. 16 Apr il 1987 0003e/CP/rt Note for the S-G CURREN!' FINAOCIAL DIFFICULTIES OF THE UN AND CYIHER ORGANI ZATIONS OF '!HE UN SYSTEM '!his note for the Secretary-General has been prepared in the expectation that this matter will be raised in discussions among executive heads . '!he � reported on this subject to AC£ in March arrl September 1986 and has now made a further review . '!he difficulties affecting the UN and most other organizations of the system are a result of legislation enacted by the u.s. Congress in 1986 . '!he consequent difficulties experienced in 1986-87 may well cause similar problems during the 1988-89 biennium. 'Ihese problems are exacerbated by the sharp decline of the dollar vis-a-vis the currencies of the countries in which the headquarters of many specialized agenc ies are located and in which the UN maintains major offices . '!he ittee Comm noted that all organizations seriously affected by u.s. arrears had taken measures which involved economies in staff and other objects of expenditures. The shortfalls in contribution and the affects of currency fluctuations had been attenuated in some organizations by the existence of reserves or special funds . '!he Committee felt that the problems caused by the non-payment of assessed contributions were a reflection of political decisions on the part of governments concerned . .. The losses resulting from the decline in the dollar have put serious strains on a number of organizations and have in several cases ser iously impaired the Organization 's ability to discharge pr ogrammes approved by the legislative bodies. No satisfactory solution to the problems posed by currency fluctuations has been devised, although a few of the organizations have been author ized to establish special reserves or other accounts. Broadly speaking , the Carmittee considered that b.ldgeting for future financial periods will have to be adjusted periodically to upward applicable exchange rates . Late payment of contr ibutions continued to be of concern to all executive heads. To encourage ti.Irely payment of contr ibutions , a number of organizations are considering the adoption of incentive schemes which tend to reward those goverrurents that pay their assessed contr ibutions ear ly in the financial year . In the attached annex are summaries of the positions of individual organizations on their financial difficulties. \ ANNEX For the biennium 1986-1987 the shortfall in the United States contr ibution so far was 118 million dollars. OUt of a total assessed contr ibution of some 125 million dollars , only 7 million has been paid to date in respect of the 1986-1987 biennium and the organization was hopeful to receive an additional 36 million in October of 1987 . In dealing with these shortfalls in contributions , the Director-General had instituted a number of economy measures including a selective freeze on recruitment affecting a total of SORE 50 posts . '!he organization had also suffered from currency fluctuations resulting from the depreciation of the united States do llar against notably the SWiss franc , but its mechanism whereby the Director-General can use funds available in the casual income account up to specified limits, had reduced the impact of currency fluctuations considerably. Nevertheless , some 10 million dollars in excess of the special facility would be required during the 1986-1987 biennium. For 1988-1989, the Director-General had proposed a contingency plan totalling SORE 50 million dollars, in programme and other reductions . Given the uncertainty surrounding the pa�nt of United States assessed contr ibutions , WHO would expect the freeze on staff recruitiTEnt and other economy measures to continue until the end of 1989 . UNESCO Following the United States withdrawal fran UNESCO in 1984 , a number of economy measures were instituted in 1985, including a drastic reduction in the progranme budget and a considerable number of staff separations . For 1986-1987, currency fluctuations and particularly the depreciation of the United States dollar have added to existing difficulties. Acc ordingly a number of additional economy measures have been taken affecting in particular COiliOOn services , publications and cormrunications . If present exchange rates continue , UNESCO expects that the shortfall resulting fran currency fluctuations will total some 40 million dollars for the biennium 1986-1987. UNESCO has no other means of covering th is shortfall except by continuing the economy measures already instituted . FAO TOtal arrears in contr ibutions to FAO amount to 90 million dollars at this IOOITient , of which the United States owes awroximately 75 million dollars. FAO has instituted a slowdown in the recruitment of staff and has introduced several other economy measures such as reductions in the number of meetings, and in publications . In order to cover the losses resulting fran the depreciation of the United States dollar against other currencies notably the Italian lira, FAO has been able to use its reserve . However , this reserve is expected to be depleted during the second half of 1987 if current exchange rates contunue . It might however , be able to use the working capital fund as well as its limited borrowing author ity in order to meet a further shortfall resulting fran currency losses . As for the programme budget for 1988-1989 , no details are available at this stage . IID At the present time , the united States owes 58 million dollars in assessed contributions for the biennium 1986-1987. The IID is hopeful that a further 19 .7 million in respect of the 1986 United States assessed contr ibution may be paid later this year . In order to �t the budgetary difficulties during the biennium, the Governing Council has approved budget reductions totalling 17 .3 million dollars. As to exchange rate difficulties , the budget for 1986-1987 had initially been established at 2.50 Swiss francs to the United States dollar . By awropr iating the surplus of the previous biennium, the IID has been able to reduce the exchange rate to 2.05 SWiss francs per United States dollar . However , if the current exchange rate were to continue for the rest of 1987 , an additional 35 million dollars would be needed, which would have to be financed in part by the working capital fund and in part by borrowing . In respect of the 1988-1989 prograrrane budget , the exchange rate has been established at 1.60 Swiss francs per u.s. dollar and the programme budget foresaw minor negative growth. There was no contingency plan for the forthcoming biennium. UNIOO UNIOO, as a specialized agency since 1986, has expe rienced delayed paynent of contributions , non-paynent of many countr ies and a substantial shortfall due to the depreciation of the USA dollar via-a-vis the Austrian schilling vis-a-vis the us dollar . As a result of a loan from the united Nations , UNIOO was able to �t its financial obligations in 1986 . However , the situation in 1987 continues to deteriorate due to the above factors . A . • . decision to obtain a suwlementary budget to cover exchange losses has been postponed am the final outcone is uncertain. '!he organization will likely have to undertake serious economy measures including drastic cuts in its work programme. A decision on the 1988-1989 Programme Budget has been postponed to June 1987 . Position of other agencies '!he smaller United Nations organizations in which the United States is a major contributor have exper ienced difficulties similar to those of the UN and the larger United Nations specialized agencies . On the other hand , smaller organizations, wh ich have assessed budgets but in which the United States is not a major contr ibutor , have been affected to a lesser degree . Those such as ICAO , 1il-D and ITU, which exper ienced similar difficulties as the larger organizations , have taken similar measures , including economies in staff and services . In those organizations in which the United States is a smaller contributor , such as the IM:> and WIPO, financial problems have been confined largely to currency fluctuations . As regards agencies funded on a voluntary basis such as UNDP, UNICEF , UNFPA, UNHCR and UNI&lA, contributions pledged by donors were to a large degree denominated in their own national currencies , which have in most cases awreciated in relation to the Un ited States dollar . Moreover, these contributions in the main were paid prcmptly. As a result UNDP during 1986 had received total incone exceeding 1 billion dollars in cash including incone from all sources . Since pledges for 1987 were higher overall than in 1986 , the UNDP hoped to increase progr� delivery so that the surplus for 1987 of . • . contributions over expenditures will be reduced . Although the united States contr ibution is progressively declining over the period 1985-1988 , given present trends the progr amme is not expected to suffer in United States dollar terms . As regards UNICEF, the secretariat has asked contr ibuting goverrnrents to pay early in the year ; although there is some uncertainty about the size of the united States contr ibution, UNICEF expects an ove rall increase in contributions in 1987 . UNFPA lost the United States contribution in 198 6 for reasons not connected with the recent legislation adopted by the United States Congress ; other donors have alroost made up the 198 6 shortfall. Its collection of contr ibutions is satisfactory . UNRWA and !FAD have similar exper ience in that the ir contributions are in the main made in other than the United States dollar and accordingly their total contributions when expressed in united States dollars is satisfactory . .. 16 Apr il 1987 BRIEFIN3 NJl'E TRIBtJI'E 'ID MR. roriRIOO r.nJOOURIS (UNITED NATIONS) AND MR. JACQUE LFMJINE (II.O) 'Ibis is the last ACC session at which Mr. Mousouris will serve as Secretary of the Comnittee. In addition, Mr. Leiooine (II.O) will be retired in the near future. Mr. Lerooine has been involved in inter-agency co-o:peration since 19 46 am has been a mainstay in ACC . Acx::ordingly , I recormeoo that at some point in the course of the formal meeting of ACC , you might wish to pay tribute to them. Suggested talking points : "As you are aware, Ass istant Secretary�neral Mousour is has been assigned new responsibilities in the United Nations as the Assistant Secretary-General on Apartheid. Acx::ordingly, he will relinguish his position as Chairman of PCC/OC am Secretary of ACC at the conclusion of this meeting , a responsibility which he carried out so admirably for the last two years. I would like to take this occasion on behalf of ACC to express our awreciation for the many services he has rendered to us and to wish him well in his new assignment." ·� are also bidding farewell to a :person whose contribution to our work is known arrl awreciated by all. Mr. Jacque Leiooine will be retiring soon fran the II.O. His record of service dates fran the first session of the -2- General Assent>ly am in the intervening years he has made a vital contr ibution to the process of inter -agency co-operation . I doubt if there is anyone else in the system who br ings his knowledge , his conmitrnent arrl his grace to. our work. We shall deeply miss his contr ibution to ACC but I hope that we can continue to count on his personal support. I know I speak for all members of the Coomittee in expressing our awreciation and best wishes ." 16 Apr il 1987 UNITED NAT IONS DEX::ADE FOR 'lHE MITIGATION AND PRE.VENI'ION OF DISASTERS Dur ing your recent visit to Wash ington, the President of the united States Academy of Sciences , Dr . Frank Press , suggested that cons ideration might be given to proclaiming a United Nations Decade for the Mitigation and Pr evention of Disasters. Dr . Press and his colleagues have discussed this matter previously with several UN officials including UNDP Administrator Draper , under-Secretary General Buffmn, and Mr. Einhaus of UNDRO . UNDRO has taken le ad in con tinuing consultations with the Academy to further develop the proposal . Although details remain to be worked out, the basic thrust is to dramatically increase efforts to minimize the economic impact of natural disasters , to include activities such as zoning, construction codes , early warning systems , etc . Most of these are activities which are already included in the UNDRO programme of work but suffer fran a serious lack of funding. we understand that Dr . Press is in contact with appropr iate officials of the United States Gove rnment and that consideration is being given to introducing a resolution on this at the second regular session of EOOSOC this summer. - • -2- UNDRO believes that it might be premature to raise this poss ibility at the forthcoming Acr. meeting . '!hey are concerned that other organizations might insist on being involved even at this very preliminary stage and that this would only conplicate consultations . In this context, you may recall that the issue of disaster response and prevention has , in the pas t, been subject of some inter -agency tension as the various entities sought to protect their institut ional mandates . I recornnend that you not raise this matter at the Apr il 'PCC meeting both for the reasons cited above but also to give more time to clar ify the deta ils of the proposal and its support. The United Nations has been criticized in the past for launching exercises such as this without adequate preparation and clear purpose . • UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES � INTEROFnCE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR '!he secretary-General 13 Apr il 1987 TO: DATE: ------A: REFERENCE: ------THROUGH : 5/C DE: Jean Ripert Martti Ahtisaari FROM: DE: Sotirios Mousouris SU BJECT: OBJET: First regular session of ACe (Rome, 22-24 Apr il 1987) '!be first regular session of N::C is scheduled to take place at FAO headquarters in Rome from 22-24 Apr il 1987 . It is however expected that the ACe will conclude its work on 23rd Apr il. The Organizational COmmittee recommended the following three main items for consideration by ACC at that session : (1) development and international economic co-operation; (2) Follow-up to the special session of the general Assembly on the critical economic situation in Africa; and (3) Current financial difficulties of the United Nations and other organizations of the system and their �lications . The formal meeting of N::C will, in accordance with established practice, be preceeded by a pr ivate meeting . Private meeting (22 Apr il, m:>rning) The pr ivate meeting will begin with a political br iefing by the secretary-General. Thereafter it will consider the following subject matters: 1) Financial difficulties faced gy organizations of the system and their �lica tions . Items that may come up for discussion would include: a) Exchange of views on prevailing situation in washington, and what steps if any should be taken on a co-ordinated basis by the organizations of the common system; b) CUrrent situation of �lernentation of G-18 recommendations , particularly those with systemrwide implications and the follow-up in CPC . Agencies would also express their concern that similar exercises may be applied to them. c) Inpact of recent currency fluctuations ; and d) Overall assessment of climate for multilateral co-operation . 2) Personnel que stions The representative of GATT informed the Organizational Committee that Mr. Dunkel might raise a number of questions relating to personnel matters, particularly for the Geneva based organizations. Questions woqld include , rrost probably, the question of the i.npact of the depreciation of the dollar on the benefits of staff and on pensions of retirees in Geneva. ./ ... -2- 3) Repor t of the world Commission on Environment and Developmen t Mr. TOlba , in a cable to the Organizational Coornittee , formally indicated his intention to refer to the report of the world Commission on Environment and Development and invite AOC to consider recommendations conta ined therein and their impact on the United Nations system. His representative in the �ganizational Committee expressed the strong view that AOC should make available its views on recommendations relating to inter-agency co-ordination (paragraphs 40 and 41 of the report) to the Governing Council of UNEP wh ich is scheduled to take place in June 1987 . It is expected that the UNEP Governing Council would transmit the report to the General Assembly . * * * It was agreed at the Organizational Camnittee that the discussion of AOC in the pr ivate meetings, other than the political br iefing of the Secretary-General , could be semi-pr ivate . AOC members could be assisted by one aide . '!he statement of the Secretary-General , containing the pol itical briefing as well as the current financial situation and the follow-up to the G-18 report will be put together by Mr. Picco , with relevant inputs fran Mr. Ahtisaar i. Mr. Jean Ripert will assist in providing further comments in the pr ivate meeting relating to the work of the Special Commission on the review of the intergovernmental machinery and heM it relates to the specialized agencies. Formal meetings At the opening the Secretary-General could request for a minute of silence in rnerrory of Mr. Salas . Mr. Canrlessus could be welcomed . 1) Development and international economic co-operation NX. will focus its discussion under this item oni a) An assessment of current development, and b) Human resources development. :: � 1- I'""' r ""'""' Concerning the former, AOC will be br iefed by Mr. camdessus (who will participate in AOC for the first time) and the representative of the world Bank on the outcome of the recent Interim/Development Canmittees. Mr. runkel will brief NX. on follow-up to the Punta del Este meetings and Mr. Berthelot on preparation for UNCT.ND VII . On human resources development, the AOC discussion will be based on a backgrOlllXl paper prepared by ILO. ('lbere is no french translation for the paper ; an executive S\.IITillary to be prepared by ILO would be in both languages .) '!be AOC discussion will be in preparation for the CPC/ACC Joint Meetings which will take place on 22-23 June in Geneva preceeding the second regular session of the Economic and Social Council. ./ ... -3 - .· 2) Follow-up to the �ial session of the General Assembly on the critical eoonomdc situa tion in Afr1ca ACC will conduct a brief exchange of views on activities of organizations of the system in inplementation of the PrograiTI'IWC of Action. Special attention will be paid to the situation of financial flows and recent policy development in African countries, as we ll as on activities of the system at the field level. '!he Secretary-General will make a br ief statement, to be prepared by the Office of the Director-General, in which he will recall his recent initiative of appointing a group of eminent experts to review resource flows for Africa . '!he Director-General will introduce the discussion that would follow and would concentrate on : a) Financial flows � b) Agricultural development , and c) Human resources development in Afr ica . 3) Current financial difficulties of the united Nations and other organizations of the sys tem ana their �lications Discussion under this item will also take place in the pr ivate meeting 'Itle discussion at the formal neeting will, among other things, provide an opportunity for the r�esectatives of FISCA and possibly to address AOC o;� �� i related matters affecting staff. .c. o� J 4) Other matters ACC is expected to approve a number of decisions taken by the Organizational Committe on its behalf, including the decision concerning the participation of the WOrld TOurism Organization in the work of the machinery� of A� . ('Itle wro would be invited only if matters related tour ism are discussed . ) * * * You may recall that as a result of the restructuring of the Secretariat in pursuance to relevant recoornendations of the G-18, arrangements will have to be made for the chairmanship of the Organizational Committee and for its secretariat support. A few specialized agencies have expressed concern on this matter . You may therefore wish to informally discuss with your colleagues on your decision in this regard . In accordance with agreement reached in 1978, it is the perogative of the Secretary-General to appoint the chairman of OC and to make the necessary secretariat support arrangements for ACC/OC. ./... • -4- Agencies nay also raise the issue of consultat ions regarding the report of the Secretary-General on "Co-ordination in the United Nations am the United Nations system" based on resolution 40/177 of the General Assembly by which the Secretary-General was requested to prepare the report after consultation with the executive heads of the specialized agencies . '!he draft report, which has to be suanitted to CPC next m::>nth , was distributed in the Organizational COmmittee but there was no opportunity for discussion . • • co -. NOTE FOR MR. DAYAL Subject : Yo ur appointment with the Amba ssador of Norway at 4 p.m. You will recall that in late 1983 the Secretary-General appointed Mrs . Gro Harlem Brundtland, now Prime Min ister of Norway, as Chairpe rson of the Worl� Co mmission on the Environment and Development which wa s establi shed under General Assembly resolution 38/161. The Commi ssion, which operates with voluntary funds - mo stly from the Nordic countries - and has its secretariat in Geneva, has just compl eted its report: The report will be officially released in London and Ottawa at the end of the month . It will be discussed at the fo rthc omin g Govern1ng Council of UNEP which Will meet in Nairobi from 8 to 18 June . The Liaison Office of UNEP , here, has vo lunteered to transmit to us a copy of the report and the unofficial dra ft comments of UNEP, for the information of the Secretary-General . What is at issue now.is the way this report is going to be transmitted at the General Assembly. Paragraph 11 of the aoove mentioned resolution 38/161, 1s not very clear about it. It says that the General Assembly "Decide s that, on matters within the mandate and purview of the United Nations Environment Programme, the report of the spec ial commission should in the first instance be con sidered by the . Govern ing Council of the Progr amme , for transmis sion to the General As sembly together with its comments, and for use as ba sic material !n the preparation for adopt io n by the Assembly of the En vironmental Perspective ". As you can see , the Assembly was not clear whether the repo rt of the special commission should be issued as an official document of the Gene ral Assembly under j tem 70 (on emrironme nt) or not . It is my understanding that the Norwegians, who are seeking to give maximum publicity to the report (which Liaison office of UNEP describes as very good) , are natural! tr in to have the document issued as f · · he GA , with a No e from the Secretary-General transmitting report to the Assembly. The problem is that another report on the 1'Environmental Perspective until Year 20 on as oe en parallely prepared b an 1nter-governmental body (i� fact an organ o t e · g �ouncil) and w1 nefit of the re o S • 1 Commission . Tha t report too wi ll be pre sented to the GA . I understand that some socialist countrie s have some reservations_ about the report ------· of the Special Commission . - 2 - It mi ght there fore be wise fo r the Secretary-General,when and if Prime Min ister Bruntland approaches him in Rome about the way to present the report to the GA , to wa it and see how the 58 Governments represented at the forthcoming session of the ONE P Govern ing Council (social1st 1ncluded) react to the repo rt rather than taking a decision wh ich might be premature . . . In the me antime , I would suggest consulting Mr . Schlittler on the way to interpret correctly Para . 11 of re solution 38/161. Florence Pom� s 13 April 1987 \ OVERALL 1. Gen eral Ass enbly .Res olu ti on 3 8/ 161 on "Process of pr eparation of the Envir onmental Per spe ctive to the Ye ar 2000 and Beyond" adopted on 19 December 19 83 welcomed the es tabl ishment of the Wor ld Commission on Env ironment and Developnen t. It pr opo sed the terms of refer en ce for the WCED . Thes e were, br ie fly , the propos ing of long -term env ir onmen ta l strategies for achieving sus ta inable developmen t to the year 2000 �nd beyond� reconnnenda tions on ways in wh ich concern for env ir onmen t may be transla ted in to grea ter co-operation anong dev eloping coun tries and between countr ies at different stages of economic and social �evelopment so that achievement of common and mu tually suppor tive ob jectives could be realis e4 , taking account of the in ter-r ela tionship be twe en people , resources , env ir onment and development ; helping the Cbver ning Council develop the \i:hvironmen ta l Per spe ctive to th e Ye ar 2000 and Beyond fwhich would en com pass the shared per ceptions and the wa ys and means by wh ich the in ter national commun ity ca n deal more effectively wi th env ir onmen tal concer ns � a long -term agenda for action dur ing the com ing deca des as we ll as aspiration al goals fo r th e wor ld commun ity, taking in to account the relevan t resolu tions of the sess ion of a Special Charac ter of th e Gover ning Counci l of UNEP in 19 82. 2. The Gener al Assembly Resolution also suggested cer ta in modalities fo r real is ing the ter ms of re ference . These included : (a ) the ma in tenance of an exchange of views wi th the scientific commun ity, env ir onmen tal is ts. and all other se�.tions of publ ic op1n19n , par ti cular ly yo uth , con cer ned wi th the env ir onmen t, and those con cerned wi th the rela ti onship be tween development and env ironment , (b ) th e reception of the views of G:>ver nmen ts , pr incipally th rough the Gov ern ing council and its Intergover nmen ta l Inter-Sess ional Pr epara tory Commi ttee , and through contacts wi th national leader s, opin icn mak er s and concerned in ternatiooal fi gur es , (c ) the ma in tenance of links wi th other in tergover nmen tal bodies wi thin and ou tside the United Nations system , (d ) tak ing account of the scope of env ir onmen ta l issues as de fined by the United Nations Sys tem -Wide Me dium-Term Env ir onmen t Progr amme and as re flected in the effor ts of the Un ited Na tion s sys tem , including the Un ited Na tions Env ir onmen t Progr amme , in the field of the env ir onment� and (e ) ma king fu ll us e of relevan t existing repor ts and ma ter ia l. 3. The Report mee ts th es e requ ir emen ts , bo th as to the terms of re fer ence and the ri6da lities fo r their reahzation , only pa rtia lly. As to th e ter ms of re fer ence , the more signi ficant omiss ions relate to proposals for long -ter m en vironmental strategi es to th e year 2000 and beyqnd , being presented in sec toral rather than comprehens ive form and tQe lack of clear views on the · d �' shared percept ions of lrn.�-term�nv ir onmen tal issues , a long-tE:rm agenda for act1 on ur mg the com ing decades , and asp ira tiona! goals of the wor ld commun ity, "tak ing in to account the relevan t resolutions of th e Sess ion of a Special Ch ar ac ter of the Govern ing cou ncil in 19 82". As to the modalities , the Report does not appear to have ta ken accoun t of the scope of env ironmental 4. Indeed , as the Report points out , (para 9 of the Elcecu tive Summar y) � "The Comm iss ion is an indepen dent body , linked to but ou ts ide the con trol of qover nmen ts and the UN system . The Colllllission •s man date gave it th ree objectives� to re-exam ine the cr itical env ir onment and development issues and to fo rmulate real is tic pr oposals fo r deal ing wi th them� t9 IX'Opose new fo rms of interna tional cooperation on these issues tha t will in fluence policies an d events in the dir_e ction of needed changes) and to raise th e levels of unders tand ing and commi tment to ac tion of individuals , volun tary organiz ations , bus in esses , in stitutes , and gov er nments". 5. Par tially be cause of this in ter pre ta tion of its man date , the Repor t covers an exceedingly wi de spe ctrum of issues ranginq fr om th e nature of env ir onmen tal pro tec tion and en ahan cemen t to development objec tives and patterns , the allevia tion of mass �ver ty as well as the role of in ternational trade , indus try (includ ing transna tional cor pora tions ), en ergy , peace and secur ity in this regard, and ye t other is sues . In the ev ent, the fo cus on the na ture , scope and ou tl in e of an Env ironmenta l Perspec tive to the Ye ar 2000 an d Beyond has become blur red. The mixing of political and ideal ized elemen ts wi th economic and ecologi cal cnes have pr oduced some obscur ities. Of the seven Strategic Impe ratives iden ti fied (Chapter 2) , _only a fe w ar e ge nuinely rela ted to the env ir onmen t/development in ter fa ce � other s ar e ra ther pol itical in in ten t. An attempt .is made to con tr ib ute to th e Global Nego tia tions ' be tween the Nor th and Sou th on aid , trade , inves tmen t by TNCs and technology tr ansfer with env ir onment brough t in as an additional, rein forcing ar gu men t. Th is is fr ank ly acknowledged in Chapter 3 (par a 26) which esstat : " •••arg urnen ts llll St now be recast to refl ect th e ecological dimensions , fr equen tly over looked in the pa st ". 6. Th is in tr oduction of diver se ar guments and elemen ts , some times not wholly ger mane to the Env ir onmen tal Perspective , h as incr eased the length of the Repor t wi thout necessar il y adding appr eciably to its fo cus or impact. 7. ll:l ta and in forJnati on pr es en te d in the Repor t have been extrapola ted from diver se and un even sour ces so th at their val idi ty and relevance becomes s orneti mes un cer ta in • B. At the same time , th e Report con tains many percept ions and ins igh ts in to the na ture and opera tional con tent of susta inable development which are of gr ea t value . For exanple, the attempts to define susta inable developnen t in its var ious dimensions leads to th e conclusion that one basic dimens ion is phys ica l susta inab il ity, equated wi th pr otecting th e resour ce base fo r produc tion . The impor tan t role of human ingenui ty as cons tra ined by the need to respect the in tegr ity of natural pr oc esses is an ·acce ptable thes is as is the in ter fa ce be tween economic development and social and pol iti cal imperatives : when economic developnen t is out of step wi th social developnen t, so cial tens ions result . Similarly , reflec tions on the effects of human in ter ventions on natur al sys tems that suppor t life ar e we ll tak en as we ll as the conclusion that renewable resour ces ar e par t of a com plex and in terl ink ed ecosys tem -maximum susta in ab le yields mu st accor din gly be de fined after tak ing into accoun t sys tem-wide effec ts of exploi tation. In ter ms of for es tr y policy , th is appr oach would mean , quite righ tly, th at th e rate of depl etion shou ld for eclos e as few fu tur e options as poss ible . 9. The concl us ions dr awn on the tr ans fer of technology to developing coun tr ies ar e wholly acceptable and cons ti tu te a !IBjor ins ight of the Report . The point is made that emnomi c developnen t is unsustainable if it in creases vulnerability to crises , bu t· vuln er ab il ity can be redu ced by us ing tech nologies that lQter pr oduction risks , by choos ing institu tional options th at reduce market fluctuations, an d by bu ild ing up res erves es pecially of fo od and for eign exch ange . 10 . Likewise, in discussing the ration ale fo r a sustainable wor ld emnomy , the Report poses an impor tant ques ti on as to whe ther mor e rapid economic growth in developing countries , wh ich is pcescribed, could in crease env ir onmen tal pt"essures and be "any more sustainab le " than the pr esssur es ptesented by growing pover ty . The res ul ting in crease in to tal demand co uld per haps be me t but at the cos t of an ecologically unacceptable de ple tion of scar ce resour ces . The Report's over all mnclus ion , howev er , is that if the in terna ticnal ecooomy can be re formed in ways tha t speed up world gr owth , the env ironmen tal o:m straints can be handled. At ten tion is dr awn to the effor ts by the developing coun tries to diversify their economi es and also to move on to high tech nology industries . 11. Certain argu men ts velopedde in the Report in favour of multilater al is m ar e als o valid and could be suppor ted . 12. Ultimately , howe ver , the value of the Report and its relevance can only be judged by the di f fer en t for a wh ich IIBY cons ider it on the bas is of thr ee compelling criter ia� (a ) ar e the recommenda tions env ir onmentally sound, politically acceptable and economi cally efficient? (b ) are there any substantive el emen ts of the gl dJal pt"d:llema tique that are miss ing ? and (c ) are there elements that ar e not justified in ter ms of ma ter ial ava ilable reports and documen ts ar is ing fr om the in tens ive and extens ive studies by and exper ience of the UN Sys tem and o-th er in stitutions? These elemen ts are examined in the section on speci fi c commen ts or issues that fa ll wi thin the p.tr view of UNEP in the var ious chapter s. SPECIFIC COMMENTS BY CHA PTER CHAP!'ER 1 � "A THREATENED FUTURE" l. The first of the chapter •s two sections des cr ib es "Sym�toms and caus es," in terms of "s urviv al", the env ir onmen tal impa ct of pover ty and of gr owth ; and issues at local , regional and global scale. The summary page concludes that ther e has been oons iderable incr ease in over expl oi tati: )n of land and natural resources due to in cr ease in human dis tr ess , but no tes a decl ine in mu ltilater alism and in ternation al responsibility fo r developnen t. 2. Th is chapter cons ti tutes the subs tan tive in troduction of the report. It is therefor e presented in analytica l rather th an strategi c ter ms . In itself it could help de fine sh ar ed perce ptions of long -term env ir onmen tal issues and aspi rational go al s for the wo rld co mmun ity, as reques ted by th e Gener al Asse!TDly .y The se cond par t in troduces the concept of sustainable 1/ REsolution 38/161, (o p. par a 3d) development , con firming the alr eady existing need for "integration of en.vironmental policies and developmen t strategies " - but not any new appr oach . 3. The chapter fo cuss es well on the ques tion of preventing environmen tal damage rather than cur in g it� policY changes needed in all nations , rich and pooq fu ture needs and as pira tions as well as present ooes) need for a growth patte rn in cl uding developing coun tr ies ) the gl cbal nature of solu tions , wh ich should respect democratic pr inci ples . The capacity of the in ter national oonunun ity to raise to the challenge is presented at the beginn ing and the end of the chapter as an ar ticle of fa i th, wi th new , env ir onmen ta lly sound gr owth as the strategy . CHAPI'ER 2: 'IDWARDS SUSTA INABLE DEVEID PMENT 1. This impor ta nt chapter attempts to define sus ta in ab le developmen t in its var ious dimensions . One basic dimens ion is physical sus ta inab il ity equa ted wi th pr otecting the resour ce base for production . The role of human in genuity as cons trained by the need to respect the in tegr ity of na tur al process es is an acceptab le thesis as is the in ter face between economi c dev elopmen t and social and poli ti cal impera tives� when economic development is ou t of step with social development, social ten sion s res ult. The ca se fo r in tergeneration al ethics is less well developed in the chapter . 2. The analys is of the nature of susta in able deve lopmen t, so cen tred towards the ou tcome and re coii'I!I enda tions of the report mi xes pol i ti cal and ideal ized elemen ts wi th economic and eco logi cal ones.. This res ul ts in a definition of sus ta inable development wh ich has no operational con ten t but a series of hope fu l directions wh ich ar e suppo sedl y harmon ious . 3. In par ticular the de fin i tion of goals for the pur suit of sus ta inable developmen t is rather in adeq uate in terms of political acceptab il ity, economic efficiency , social feas ib il ity and scientific reality. Likewise , the strategic imperatives ar e not cl ear ly pl aced in a policy context , and ar e only p�rtially rela ted to the env ir onmen t/development in teq:hase . CHAPI'ER 3: THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CDMMUNITY 1. Th is ch apter deals with the ecologi cal implications of the {Xesent patterns of in ter national tr ade. It is mor e of a political than an env ir onmen tal issues chapter , in tended to mak e a case for prefer en tial tr ea tmen t of Thir d Wor ld expor ts in in ter national tr ade . Su sta inable development as a concept and th e r equir emen ts of ecosys terns are brought in , as and when needed , to suppor t the ma in argument. 2. Th is is an issue of subs tance . saying that adequa te aid and tr ade ar r ange men ts and mor e capi tal fl ows ar e all that is necessary to ach ieve sus tainable development , thus the neglect of env ironmen tal caus es is put in to a second ca tegor y of pr ior ities . As such the analys is is not helpful in terms of devis ing appropr ia te strategies for sus ta inable developnent . In gen er al ter ms , the con stant mi xing of fin ancial and env ir on men ta l issues is on e of the major fail ings here . 3. Di scuss ions en t."l e volume of aid ar e useful, as is the discussion on te chnology trans fer wh ich cons i tutes a major ins ight. Conversely , the analys is of the impa cts of tr ade and TNC in ves tmen t have riot been develope d in a pos itive mann er . 4. In terms of criter ia for judg ing the repor t\ no men tion of UNE P 's role in developing me thodologies (EIA, CBA, env ir onmen tal accoun ting etc .)� no men ti on of. jo int wor k wi th UNCTAD on env ir onmen tal effects of trading patter ns� no mention of UNE P' s cooper ation wi th the Centre fo r Inter national Cor poration Studies on appropr ia te , env ir onm en tally sound technologies . CHAPI'ER 4: POPULATION AND HUMAN RES OURCES 1. The magn itude of the popula tion problem and its main aspec ts is del in ea ted in terms of momentum, geogr aph ical spread , age distr ib ution and mi gr at ion . Th e rela tionship of popula tion trends to social and economic development and env ir onmen ta l change is also outl in ed . 2. The policy fr amewor k proposed righ tly emph asises that the population issue has to be tack led on many fr on ts simul tan eously , namely , family plann ing , social dev elopnen t, - incl ud in g the role of women , -geogr aph ica l spr ead of econ omic ac tivity , human resource development , improving basic heal th through access to cl ean wa ter and sanitation , and enhancing 'the carrying capacity of land . The expos ition is terse and effec tive . The anal ysis and da ta provide useful mater ial in regard to pu ts (a ), (b ), arid (c ) o·f para.S of Gener al Asserrbly resolu tion 38/161. They would ·have made a grea ter im pact if the "aspirational goal " and "agenda for ac tion " wer e stated dir ec tl y and force fully , in dica ting who should do what . 3. The signifi cance of impl emen ting mu tu ally suppo rtive progr ammes of popula ti on and env ironmen tal impr ovement in areas suffer ing from env ironmen tal degradation and excess ive popu lat ion pressure should have been under lined . It wou ld have been us eful to state cle ar ly that a por tion of the cons ider able resources be ing dispensed under the heading of "family pl ann ing" should be earmar ked for pr ogrammes wh ich direc tly rela te popula tion objec tives to environmental objectives at village and district levels . CHAPTER 5: roOD SECURITY� SUSTAIN ING THE POTENTIAL l. The main theme is that the wor ld is endowed wi th a sufficien t natural resource bas e on wh ich to un derpin global food secur ity , but unless deve lopnen t policies embr ace the notion of eco logical secur ity and en ligh tened pol icies therein formula ted , there is a real danger of not sus ta in ing this poten tial and ca te ring fo r the incr eas ing populat ion . 2. Aga ins t this un derlying hypo thes is , four of the main signs of the crisis in food secur ity ar e discu ssed and reor ientation ac tion of agr icu ltural and na tur al resources use practices wh ich would en sure an in cr ease in food pr oduction of 3 to 4 per cen t year ly over the next few deca des is called fo r. Five broad stra tegies are advoca ted to br ing abou t struc tural re form and ch ange s in patte rns of the gl cbal food sys tem ma nagemen t. The br oad str ategy advoca ted for the mana gement of wa ter in agricul tural sys tems is somewhat we ak as mi s ses the impor ta nt elemen ts of the regu lation of soil moisture and water qual ity. 3. The absence of a concl ud ing section , pulling toge th er the recommenda tion s scattered throughout the chapter is regrettable . Th is would have pr ovided a fr amewor k for concr ete actions wh ich nations themselves can under take and that could form a bas is for in terna tional collabora tion and co -ordina tion. The ab sence of the discussion of the env ir on mental consequences of production technologies , includ ing genetic eng ineer ing is also regrettable . CHAP!'ER 6: SPECIES AND ECDSYSTEMS\ RESOURCES FOR DEVELOFMENT 1. Species and ecosys tems are correctly identi fied as an impor tant theme in the in ter national dialogue on s_us tainable developnent, thus taking to a fur ther stage the mean ing of UNGA Resolu tion 3 7/7 y and the Wor ld Con ser vation Str ategy . 2/ The thesis is th at through a firm in ter national commi tmen t to the sound management and main tenance of biological diversity, susta in ab le dev elopmen t is not only en sur ed for today but indeed an inves tmen t is made ·in the fu ture . 2. The �oposed actions at the nation al level ta ke due account of the fa ct tha t species and ecosys tems nor mally co incide with na tional boundar ies and effor ts to IrOtect and impr ove them mu st start at that level. Ye t the in terna tional rami fications of the subject matter must at the same time be vigorously tack led . Wi th this in mind the porre t ca lls fo r co llective respons ib ility and re conunends in ternational fund ing for these , poss ibly in the form of a Trust Fu nd , and an in ter nationally nego tiated "Species Conven tion ". 3. In "depict in g biological diversity impoveJ;' ishment as happening to "those spe cies abou t wh ich noth ing or littl e" is known , th e wrong impr es sion could be crea ted . Pr es sure is not only on the scienti fically unknown biological ma ter ial , but also on ·many of the spe cies wh ich ar e now agr icu ltur ally im por tan t and ev en main staples for the gr ea ter propor tion of mank ind , • Regrettable also is the ab sence of an expl ici t discuss ion of this subject matter wi thin the people-r esources-env ir onment context . 4. Alter native opt ions fo r spe cies and ecosys tems protection as , for exampl e, in the Wor ld Conserva ti on Stra te gy Confer ence discuss ions in Ot tawa , UNE P Gover ning Counci l in itiatives in the Tropi cal For estry Action Plan , MIRCENS in itiatives and the UNEP concept of "user charge " by developing coun tr ies ar e ignored. CHA PI'ER 7: ENERGY 1. A strong cas e is made for why the world needs to move away fr om foss il fu els . Concr ete �oposals on how to do it, and es pecially in de•Telopi ng coun tries are no t given in de ta il . A low-energy path , resulting fr om intensive efficiency improvements , coupl ed wi th decr eas ing reliance on fossil fuels in favour of renewables is cons ider ed the best way toward a sus ta inable fu tur e. While this is sound , it is assumed that the analys is , as we ll as the exper iences of the highly indus trial ized coun tr ies can be directly trans ferred to dec1e lopi ng countr ies . !/ Wor ld Char ter for Na tur e UNGA 19 82 l/ Publ ished in 19 80 join tly by IUCN, UNEP and WWF .. 2. The under lying P'lilosoP'ly that theenv ir onmen tal impa cts of energy mu st be in ternal iz ed in to the man da tes of energy ministries, by legisla tion , is sound. The comb ined strategy to deal wi th all the fo ssil fu el related env ir onmen tal issues is satisfac tory . Tak ing su ch a clear pos ition on low-energy fu tures is commendable. The ca utious go-ah ead fo r nucl ear energy , especially along wi th the pr oposed conv en tion is reasonable . 3. �st of the analys is as we ll as policy reconunendation s relate to the highly industrialized countries. It is no t reasonable to as sume that developi ng coun tries will or ca n fo llow simi lar paths in energy efficiency improvements and in turning away fr om foss il fuels . The analyti c back ground for and the spe cific £XOposals in the sections on Wood Fuels and Renwab les ar e rather we ak , although in ·gen eral can be suppor ted . CHAPl'ER 8 INDUS TRY : PRODUCING MORE WITH LE5 S 1. Si x strategies for susta inable development ar e proposed respond ing to suggestion s by the General Assembly concer ning the Conuni ssion 's fo cu s of work.y They descr ibe in dus trial gr owth and its im pact but in troduce no new analytical elemen ts . The pcospective analys is , "Su sta inab le industr ial development in a global con text ," is optimis tic , but accurate. The underlying hypo thesis is that developing countr ies can profi t fr om th e impr ovemen ts in resource·and env ir onmen tal managemen t be ing achieved in developed countries. 2 •.The agenda for action to the year 2000 and beyond , is gener ally sa tisfac tory . The anal yti cal section demons trates that too little is known as to industry's env ir onmen ta l impa ct in developi ng regions. The positive approach of the prospective section is not su fficiently backed by quantitative assessmen t of the magnitude and con straints of the pcoblem , 3. The abs ence of re fer ences to the wor k ing env ir onmen t is regrettable as is the omission of refer ence to en er gy diffi culties in dev elopi ng coun tr ies and ques tions of rural-urban mi gration. Acc iden t pr even tion reconunendations ar e too restr icted to immediately impacted ar eas or co untr ies wher eas a mor e interna tional solidar ity should be sought . 4 . UNEP's joint pr ogr anme wi th ILO and WHJ on the wor king envir onmen t is ignored . CHAPI'ER 9: THE URBAN CHALLENGE 1. The chapter reviews global urban ization trends and sugges ts five pol icy ar eas in wh ich edinm iate ch anges to mor e en abling strategies will he lp en sur e access by the poor to shel ter , serv i ces and employment in developing coun tr ies . It makes the cr i tica l point that env ir onmen tal !Xoblems of ci ties ar e development pr oblems and tha t resour ces can be used without damage to the en vironmen t to meet sba ic needs·. !./ Re solution 38/161, operative paragr aph 8 \ 2. The strategies suggested are sound , but do not deal enough wi th susta in able and eco logically based gr owth of ci ties . N)r do they adequately ou tl ine ways to in crease cooper ation among develop ing coun tr ies to achieve conunon and mu tua lly suppor tive ob jectives . !J 3. Th e report fa ils to suggest a role for UN agencies other than UNCHS in addr es sing ur ban iz ation �oblems . While UNCBS 's role should definitely be strengthened , this alone is no t enough . Human settlements issues impinge upon many other areas such as health , industr y, energy and agr icultur e, and the special ized agencies concerned must also become more involved . CHAP!'ER 10 : MANAG ING THE COMMONS . 1. The chapter touches on those issues of the global commons which ar e of gr ea t impor ta nce to UNEP. Ther efore, each is tr eated in deta il . I. OCEANS ·- THE BALANCE OF LIFE 1. The relevance of the oceans fo r main tenance of the gl obal ecos ys tem balance , the present status of the mar ine env ironment (in clud ing its fisheries resources) and the major th reats to this env ir onment ar e reviewed. The es tabl i shmen t of a global strategy and managemen t regime , suppor ted with manda tory regional manage ment regimes and national ac tions to curb the land-based threa ts to the oceans is iden ti fied as the mos t impor tan t problem ·. ' wh ich would h"av e to be solved . 2. Although no new fa cts ar e conta ined in the chapter , th e concl us ions and recommenda tions are well based on the present state of knowledge and are in line wi th the current tr ends in the managemen t of th e oceans . The ways and means to achieve "e ffective global management " of the oceans are too vaguely de fined. The need to solve the prob lems fa cing the oceans th rough in tegr ated land -ocean management pol ices is no t emphas ized adequa tely . 3. The mer its of a regional appr oach to solve the frOblems of the oceans through action-or ien ted progr ammes firmly rooted in the needs of the regions , as perce iv ed by th e Gover nments concer ned , are emphasized, although the signi ficant pr ogr ess achieved through such an approach in mitigating or pr eventing fu rther deter ioration of th e mar ine env ironmen t is not recogn ized. 4. Cr i ter ia for judging the report� it should have been mor e outspoken on whaling , even for "scientific purposes "; emphasis on UNEP ' s pr ogranme in the repor t is on Regional Seas only , success ful cooper ation in the Bal tic and Nor th Seas ignored; 19 85 Genova Declaration of th e Mediter ranean Jlction Plan ignor ed; me asures to control ocean disposal of was tes are unduly concerned wi th radioactive substances - that is not the most impor ta nt ca tegory that needs to be con trol 1ed . !/ Re solution 38/161, operative paragr aph 8 SPACE : A· KEY 'ID SUSTA INABLE DEVEIDPMENT 1 . Space is righ tl y con s ider ed as par t of the gobal cormnons. Space can pl ay a vital role in en sur ing the con tinued habitab il ity of the Ear th . The fu ture of space as a resource will depend heavily on creating international ins titutions to manage it. Di ffer en t aspects of the management of space ar e examined in cl uding remote sensing , geosynchronous or bi t, pollution of or bi tal space and nu clear power . 2. Th is section seems wr i tten by those more fa mi l iar wi th the legal aspects than the te chnical ones. The coverage is br ief� pcoblems are identi fied cor rectly, but there ar e no real troposals of how to ov ercome them. 3. The importance of spaceborne sensors as a power ful tool for ga ther ing in formation is highlighted , but the pcob lem of how to ens ur e adequa te access to remotely sensed da ta held in bo th na tional and in ter na tional da tabas es is not addr essed . How this type of infor mation can be used as inPJ t to var ious da ta planes for use in national , regional and global geo graphical in formation sys tems such as GR ID is not explored either . The pcoposal of a space regime to ensure that space remains a peace ful env ir onment is an in ter es ting one . It appear s that it would be bes t to expand the role of an existing orga niz ation to act as the co-ord ina ting body , su dl as ITU or ICAO , rather than create a new orga niz at ion . j ANTARCTIC: 'IDWARDS GIDBAL CDO PERAT ION L The mul tila ter al cooper ation sys tem for managing the Antarctic has up to now ensured a measure of env ir on mental pcotection . The 19 59.Antarctic Trea ty per sues the ob jectives of peaceful use of the con tinent and fr eedom of scientific researdl . Butby now new challenges for the manage men t of the resource base ar e reshaping the pol itical con text in wh ich the Antar ctic · exists . The repor t does not expc ess an opi n ion as to how this emer ging con flict could be handled al though it stresses the need for respons ib le env iron menta 1 manage ment. 2. The repor t me rely descr ib es the situation and the possib le opt ions for management , but does no t make any concrete pr oposals nor recommendations . Th is we akness is not offset by the rather weak · sugge stion of setting up an Adv is ory Commi ttee and sugges ting a framewor k for cooperation . 3. In par ticular , the lack of a str ong position on management of env ir onmen tal resources - bo th from a scienti fic as well as coher en t insti tu tiona! per spe ctive - is dissappo in ting . CHAPTER 11 : PEACE, SECURITY, DE VEIDPMENT AND ENVIRO�ENT 1. The idea that the poss ibility of nucl ear wa r , and to a lesser exten t, other forms of armed conflict are the gr eatest thr ea ts to the vien ronmen t is the cr ux of the chapter . Ehvironmental stress is seen as both the effect and ca use of pol i tical tension and mili tary conflict. While the idea could have lead to a trofound and useful analys is of the relationsh ip betw�en politics and env ir onmen t , this has no t been achieved because of the attempt to ful ly rational ize a situation wher e rational behav iour does not �lways obta in . 2. The analys is in effect has ignored the economic and employmen t impl ica tions of mi litary activ ity, gl ossed ov er political and institutional factors and not gone deeply enough in to 'the developmen tal fac tors that caus e pover ty and str ess resources . Suggestions for joint management of env ir onmen tal stress , that could lead to solu tions to con fl ict are attr active . But the analys is of the political and institutional con text in wh ich they could take place was not carried out far enough to give the recommenda tions fu ll real ity. 3. The J;r inciples p:esented are not fo cu ssed enough to give guidance , nor are the sugges tions for ins titutional arr angemen ts . The whole ques tion of disarmament and secur ity - of such high pr iority in this context - is dissappointingly ignor ed. A widen in.g of the concept of secur ity to cov er shared natural resources would have been useful. In this field UNEP' s programme has been ignored . CHAPl'ER 12: 'l'OWARDS CDMMON ACT IO N: PRO:EOSALS FOR INS TITUTIONAL AND LEGAL CHANGE 1. The institutional concl us ions reached in this chapter need to be examined against the actual exper ience of the large number of na tional env ir onmen tal mach iner ies now funct ion ing 1as well as of the Un ited Nation s syste� and of UNEP. SUch ex per ience has pla yed a role in modi fying the per ce ptions of coun tr ies at all the stages of the deve lopment �ocess in regard to the nature of sys temic relationships be tween env ir onment-developmen t-people-r es ources . 2. The concl us ions dr awn in this chapter 1 in par t icular th at ther e should be a sh ift in emphas is � those respons ible for developmen t (the policy sources ) should be left to ach ieve the task� these concl usion s ar e ques tionab le . Ther e has to be continu ing mu tual influence be twe en those respons ible for envir onment and those for development. Put in national te rms1 th is impl ies strengthen ing the na tional env ironmen tal machiner ies and the ir in fluence on sector al ministr ies , and in gl c:t>al terms , str engthening the role of UNEP and its ab ility to in fiuence its par tners in the United Nations sys tem . 3. As the chapter rov es to 'deal ing wi th the effects ' with enqjlas is on monitor ing and assessment , it appears to lose sight of the in te grated na tur e of the three componen ts of assessment, management and suppor t. The sugges tions in the chapter imply a weak en ing of the linkage be tween those in stitutions ge tting at the sources and those deal in g wi th the effects , and the balance wi thin UNEP be tween ass essment , mana gement and suppor ting measures. UNEP 's role in assessment is appc opr iately of a coordinating nature and dr aws upon the effor ts of special ized agencies. The developmen t of a larger in-house capacity financed by wi thdr awing suppor t fr om the spe cial ized agencies , will ul timately also undermine carrying ou t the functions the Commi ssion stresses . While GEMS and GRID ar e impor ta nt , they ar e not uniquely impor tant or should be un iquely streng thened at the expense of other pr ior ities . Ri sk assessment takes ror e than ronitor ing . A view of mon itor ing as a function exclus ive from man agemen t activities , and of risk assessment as a fu nct ion requir ing a separate cen tr e of leader sh ip , is open to ques t ion . It may be pc esumed that all par ts of the United Nations sys tem are involved in risk ass essment in the ir ar eas , or should be . UNEP should con tinue to �ovid e the capacity to synthesize , wh ere this is needed . The pr oposed steer ing group and �ogr amme will co nstitute an extr a layer and will need substantial resources , as will the special consor tia and task forces pc oposed . 4. The repor t is clear on the need to str engthen UNEP. However , the sta tement 'There is also a need for a high-level centre of leader sh ip ••• ' , impl ies that such leader sh ip does not exis t, or does not exist at the righ t level . Th is is cer ta inly ques t ionab le . The idea of a special United Nation.s Board on Su sta inable Development is inter esting . The prob lem is how do es such a board rela te to the Adm in is trative Commi ttee on Coordina tion. Th e views of the ACC should be sought on this. The suggestion to have Gover ning Council mee tings at the mi nister ial level is good . At pc esent , more than two thirds of the delega tions ar e headed by minister s or equivalen t level. The proposed en lar gement of the Env ir on ment FUnd is qui te positive . It would have been very useful a target if it had b.aen proposed . .. 5. At a time when �ior ities mu st be set and effor ts and resources husbanded , it is not obv ious that a un iver sal de cl aration and convention is the right pr ior ity. More impor tance should have been ascr ib ed to wor k on legal agreemen ts deal ing wi th speci fic present or an ticipated env ir onmental problems . 6. It is not cl ear how the porre t can con stitute a United Nation s Proqr amme of Action on susta inable dev elopment. Gover nmen ts ar e reluctant to have mor e confer ences at the regional level, nor an international con ference as a follow-up to the report. ttba t gover nmen ts ar e look ing for ar e action-oriented recommenda tions that can be impl emen ted wi th ind ica tions of means of financing them clearly sh owing who should be do ing what .