TABLE OF CONTENTS
I N T RO D U C T I O N 3 Pe o p l e 4 Research A c t i v i t i e s 5 L i b r a ry 8 Fi n a n c e s 9 RESEARCH AND SEMINAR PRO G R A M S 1 1 A f r i c a 1 1 Asia 11 Canada and U.S.-Canada Relations 1 2 Communist and Postcommunist Countries 1 5 D i r e c t o r ’s Seminar 1 7 Ethics and International Relations 1 8 Fe l l ows Prog r a m 1 9 Global Communications and International Relations 2 5 I n t e rnational and Area Studies 2 5 I n t e rnational Conflict Analysis and Resolution 3 3 I n t e rnational Environmental A f f a i r s 3 6 Japan and U.S.-Japan Relations 3 7 Middle East 4 2 N o nviolent Sanctions and Cultural Surv i v a l 4 3 Performance of Democracies 4 5 Political Development 4 8 Political Economy 4 8 Reforming the Welfare State 5 2 South A s i a 5 3 S t r a t egic Studies 5 4 Student Prog r a m s 6 0 Transnational Security 6 5 U . S. Foreign Po l i c y 6 7 SPECIAL CONFERENCES, L E C T U R E S , AND SEMINARS 6 9 P U B L I C AT I O N S 7 6 RESEARCH INTERESTS 9 0 A D M I N I S T R AT I O N 1 0 2 Visiting Committee 1 0 2 Executive Committee 1 0 2 I n t e rnational A dv i s o ry Committee 1 0 3 S t a f f 1 0 4
C O N T E N T S 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1
W E A THERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFF A I R S
1 9 9 8 - 9 9 THE CENTER FOR INTERNAT IONAL AFFAIRS WAS FOUNDED IN 1958. In the spring of 1998 it was ren a m ed the We a t h erh e ad Cen ter for In tern a ti onal Affairs in gratitude for the magnificent endowment established by Albert and Celia Wea t h e rhe a d and the Wea t h e rhe a d Fou n d a ti on . The Center is the largest international research center within Harvard Uni versi ty ’ s Facu l t y of Arts and Science s . The core interests of the Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er are broadly defi n e d to enc ompass res e a r ch on interna ti on a l , tran s n a ti on a l , and comp a ra t ive topi c s (b oth cont emp orar y and historical) and includ e rig orous policy analysis as well as the stu d y of sp ecific cou n t ries and regio ns bes i d es the Uni t ed States . The Cen ter is stru ctu red to en co u ra ge the highest practical level of pers onal and i n tell ectual interacti on among a diverse com mu n i ty of s ch o l a rs and practi ti on ers . It is disti n ctive in its recogn i ti on that knowl ed ge is a produ ct not on ly of i n d ivi du a l academic research, but also of vigorous, sustained intellectual dialogue among scholars and nonacademic experts. To stimulate this dialogue, the Center sponsors a wide array of sem i n a rs , res e a r ch program s , works h op s , and conf erence s . These activit ies enco u ra g e in t eractio n among res i d ent affiliates and invol ve a wid e vari e ty of sch o l a rs , governm e nt and military officials, corporate executives, and other practitioners from around the world. The results of Center research are made available to the public policy community through books, working papers, articles, reports, seminars and lectures,as well as through the personal participation of Center members in policy planning and decision making in governments and institutions outside the university. The Cen ter is headed by a fac u l ty director who is assisted by an exec utive director. Gu i d a n ce on matters of su b s t a n ce and policy is provi ded by an exec utive com m i t tee , primarily composed of senior Harvard faculty involved in Center-sponsored programs. Profe s s or Jor ge I. Dom í n g u e z , Cl a ren ce Di ll on Profe s s or of In tern a ti onal Af f a i rs , con ti nu ed as director of the Cen ter. James A . Coon ey came to the Cen ter as exec utive d i rector in Novem ber 1998. The Center’s offices are located in Coolidge Hall, on the Harvard University campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 P E O P L E academics on leave from institutions ouside The most important res o u r ce at the Cent er is of Harvard, enabling them to pursue their the diverse group of people affiliated with it. research interests with the benefits of In add i ti o n to the small perma n e nt staff, s om e interaction with other Center members and tw o hun d r ed facu l t y memb ers, vis i t ing scho l a rs , access to the extensive library system and practi ti on ers , and stu dents are norm a lly other resources of Harvard University. associated with the Center, representing Postdoctoral Fe l l ow s approximately thirty-five nationalities. The Center provides research affiliations for Fa c u l t y recent doctoral degree recipients pursuing Senior and junior members of the Harvard research in areas relevant to Weatherhead faculty form the intellectual core of the Center. Center programs. For the 1998-99 year, In addition to its twelve resident faculty postdoctoral fellowships went to scholars for members, the Center has a broad network of conducting research on strategic and national faculty from many disciplines and schools security studies, international and area studies, within Harvard who regularly contribute tran s n a ti o nal secu ri t y, a comp a ri s o n of Jap a n e s e to the development and administration of el ectronic indu s tri e s , and U. S . - Japanese research programs and activities. The Center is trade policy. also the locus of four endowed professorships A s s o c i at e s in international affairs, international Center associates include individuals economics,national security and military from outside Harvard who are active in affairs, and Canadian studies. The Center’s Weatherhead Center research programs faculty associates, numbering seventy-three and seminars. in 1999, may apply for Center research funds and fellowships. G r a d u ate Students Fe l l ow s The Center annually supports selected doctoral candidates writing research dissertations by Each year, the Center’s Fellows Program offering them office space, computer support, invites approximately twenty senior diplomats, modest funding for travel, and access to the military officers, journalists, politicians,and Center’s programs and activities. Harvard other nonacademic professionals active in the students participate through the graduate field of international affairs to spend a year at student associates from the Departments of the Center in advanced study, research,and Sociology, Government, History, Economics, writing.This group, which is typically drawn and Anthropology, as well as the Committee from some fifteen countries, constitutes on Political Economy and Government and the an important and direct link with the Law School.Students from other institutions contemporary realities of global politics also recieved Weatherhead Center-sponsored and provides the Center with the unique research fellowships for work in strategic and perspectives of nonacademic practitioners. national security studies, international and Visiting Scholars area studies,and tran s n a ti o nal secu ri t y. In The Center provides research affiliations for add i ti on , the Cent er reci e ved grants from the Mello n and MacA rth ur Fou n d a ti o ns to sup port the Fellows Program and the various the work of se veral doctoral candidates . student programs U n d e rg r a d u ate Students I N T E R NAT I O NAL RELAT I O N S The Center supports the activities of the Ethics and International Relations. A seminar Weatherhead Center Student Council, which on ethics and international relations meets works to bridge the Center and the Harvard regularly to discuss philosophical issues in undergraduate community. The Center offers international affairs. travel grants to undergraduates doing research Global Communication and International for their senior honors theses. In 1998-99, five Relations. Co-sponsored by the Program on undergraduates recieved this support, and two Information Resources Policy, this seminar were honorary associates. explores the impact of communication and S t a f f information technology on global security and economic, political,and cultural relations. The Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er staff in c lud es Globalization and Culture. Participants in th i r ty- f our individu a l s . A core adm i n i s t rat ive the Globalization and Culture Seminar are st a f f overse es financial matters ,p u bl i c a ti on s , an interdisciplinary group of faculty, research conf erenc e orga n i z a ti on , person n el , and other associates, and graduate students. Seminars adm i n i s t rat ive issue s . In add i ti on , profes s i on a l ad d ress issues rel a ted to the app a ren t and sup port staff ma n a g e the adm i n i s t rat ive emergence of global cultures. af f a i r s of ea ch Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er program . International Conflict Analysis and RESEARCH A C T I V I T I E S Resolution. The Program on International Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er res e a r ch is condu c ted Conflict Analysis and Resolution (PICAR) th ro u g h a wid e ran g e of activiti e s . In add i ti o n to is committed to advancing the understanding the eig ht programs at the Cent er, num e rou s of international and intergroup conflicts, and topical and regio nal seminar series and worki n g to developing interactive, problem-solving groups meet throu gh o u t the yea r . The Cent er processes for managing or resolving such also spons o rs and co- s p ons o rs many conf erence s , conflicts. most of whi c h take place at Har vard . The International Environmental Affairs. This is Cent er’ s Ann ual Tall oi r es Conf erenc e takes place an interdisciplinary joint research seminar at the Tufts Conf erenc e Cent er in Tall oi re s , with the Belfer Center for Science and Fran ce . The Cent er also awa r ds facu l t y res e a r ch International Affairs. grants for travel and activit ies in conn e ctio n National Security and Strategic Studies. with individ ual proje cts . An overvie w of th e Much of the work on national security at the 1998-99 res e a r ch activit ies foll o ws. Center is conducted under the auspices of the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, Research Programs and Seminar Series which was created as an entity within the The Center’s current research programs fall Center in July 1989 with funds from the John into three broad categories — international M. Olin Foundation and the Lynde and Harry relations; regional studies; and prospects for Bradley Foundation. This program conducts domestic peace, democracy, and markets. basic research on crucial topics of security In addition, research is conducted within
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 and strategy with a view to illuminating the U.S.-Japan. The pri m a ry purpose of t h e security problems facing the United States and Program on U. S . - Japan Rel a ti ons is to bri n g its allies. Regular seminars are held on national Japanese and U. S . re s e a rch ers toget h er to security and strategy and arms control; smaller work on cri tical issues in rel a ti ons bet ween seminar series are held on economics and these two co u n tri e s . In the 1990s, mu ch national security, the Middle East,and civil- re s e a rch and discussion has foc u s ed on military relations. Ja p a n’s expanding intern a ti onal role in Transnational Security. Created in 1995, the the fields of devel opm en t , envi ron m en t a l MacArthur Transnational Security Project is pro tecti on , en er gy, and sec u ri ty. jointly run by the Weatherhead Center and the The Cen ter also spon s ors seminar series on Center for International Studies at MIT and s everal regi ons and co u n tri e s : Af ri c a , As i a focuses on the theme of personal and group food sec u ri ty, Ca n ada and U. S . - Ca n ad a security and transnational society. It consists rel a ti on s , the Mi d dle East, and So uth As i a . of a Harvard-MIT interdisciplinary joint s em i n a r; Working Group I on “ Ex i t P RO S P E C TS FOR DOMESTIC PEAC E , Problem s” : Seces s i o n and Mig rati on , Hum a n D E M OC RAC Y, AND MARKETS Ri ghts and Ref u gee s ; Working Group II on Communist and Postcommunist Countries. In tern a ti onal Econ omic Sec u ri ty; and two The Cen ter spon s ored two sem i n a rs on this predoctoral fell ows h i p s . top i c . A fac u l ty seminar ex a m i n ed how U.S. Foreign Policy. Although not organized com munist and po s tcom munist co u n tri e s into a formal research program, each year h ave re s pon ded to a set of similar ch a ll en ge s many scholars at the Center examine issues to their po l i tical legi ti m ac y. The seminar on concerning U.S. foreign policy and its Po s t - Com munist Econ omic Tra n s form a ti on s implications. The Center hosts a U.S. provi ded an overvi ew of the main issues of foreign policy seminar, and the Global pos t s o cialist tran s i ti on : pol i t ical tran s f orma ti on , Communications and International Relations s t a bi l i z a ti on , l i bera l i z a ti on , tra n s fer of Seminar, co-sponsored by the Program on property ri gh t s , i n s ti tuti onal ch a n ge s , reform Information Resources Policy, which often of the wel f a re state and social sec u ri ty. touches on issues concerning communication Comparative Issues of Reforming the technologies in foreign policy. Welfare State. This seminar sought to bring a R E G I O NAL STUDIES com p a ra tive and interd i s c i p l i n a ry approach International and Area Studies. The Cen ter to the stu dy of reforms and reform opti on s ad m i n i s ters the Ha rva rd Ac ademy for for wel f a re state insti tuti ons thro u gh o ut In tern a ti onal and Area Stu d i e s . Th e the worl d . Ac ademy provi des significant fell ows h i p International Conflict Analysis and su pport to a small group of excepti on a l Resolution. The Program on In tern a ti on a l young sch o l a rs who are able to com bi n e Con f l i ct An a lysis and Re s o luti on works to d i s c i p l i n a ry excell en ce in the social scien ce s adva n ce the understanding of i n tern a ti on a l with a strong regi onal focus of a pp l i c a ti on . and interethnic con f l i cts and to devel op probl em - s o lving proce s s e s . Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival. “The Foreign Policies of the Major Powers in The Program on Nonvi o l ent Sa n cti ons and the 20th and 21st Cen tu ri e s” (see the Special Cu l tu ral Su rvival studies situ a ti ons of Conferences, Lectures, and Seminars section). con f l i ct in order to bet ter understand thei r “Graduate Student Associate Conference: n a tu re and the capabi l i ties of n onvi o l en t Globalization and Democratization” acti ons in su pport of human ri ghts and (see the Student Programs section). c ivil liberti e s . “Graduate Students Conference for Performance of Democracies. The Re s e a rch Harvard/Stockholm/Oxford Students” Workshop on the Performance of Democracies (see the Student Programs section). focuses on both the ch a ll en ges and probl em s “Inter-American Conference” (see the Special of ex i s ting dem oc racies and the tra n s i ti on Conferences, Lectures, and Seminars section). to dem oc rac y. “International Economic and Financial Political Development. In the area of Management in the 21st Century,” the com p a ra tive po l i ti c s , the Cen ter co - s pon s ors Weatherhead Center’s annual conference with MIT the Joint Seminar on Po l i ti c a l in Tall oi re s , Fran c e (s ee the Spec ial Con f erence s , Devel opm ent (J O S P O D ) , wh i ch has been Lectures, and Seminars section). m eeting reg u l a rly since 1963. “The Kosovo Conflict and Its Implications for Political Economy.Th ree groups worked in the Post-Communist World, ” a Harvard the area of po l i tical econ omy du ring the Academy Special Seminar (see the Special 1998-99 ac ademic ye a r: an informal fac u l ty Conferences, Lectures, and Seminars section). d i s c u s s i on group on po l i tical econ omy; t h e Re s e a rch Group on the Po l i tical Econ omy of “NOMOS 1999: Resuming Economic Growth Eu ropean In tegra ti on ; and the Re s e a rch in Latin America” (see the Special Work s h op on Po s i tive Po l i tical Econ omy. Conferences, Lectures, and Seminars section). “Political Economy of European Integration C o n f e re n c e s Meeting” (see Political Economy section). Fifteen conferences were sponsored or “South Asia’s Nuclear Dilemma” (see the co-sponsored by the Weatherhead Center Special Conferences, Lectures, and during the 1998-99 academic year. Seminars section). “Border Controls, Economic Integration, and “What Difference Does Nation Make? St a t e Power” (s ee Har var d Aca d e my sec tio n ) . Canadian/American Cultures of Sexuality “Citizenship Claims: Social Movements and and Consumption,” co-sponsored by the Globalization” (see the Special Conferences, Committee on Degrees in Women’s Studies Lectures, and Seminars section). (see the Special Conferences, Lectures, and “Cultural Values and Human Progress” Seminars section). (see Harvard Academy section). “Conference on Strategy and National “Explaining African Economic Growth Security,” the John M. Olin Institute’s Performance” (see the Special Conferences, fourteenth annual Wianno conference Lectures, and Seminars section). (see the Strategic Studies section).
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 7 Tr avel and Research Grants L I B R A RY El e ven facu l t y memb ers received Wea t h e rhe a d The Weatherhead Center for International Cent er travel or res e a r ch grants for: Affairs Library supports the Center’s current Res e a r ch assistance for Demo c rat ic Tran s i ti o n s research needs, primarily through the library’s in Afr ica — Robert Bate s . journal collection, but also as an entrance to the vast Har var d librar y syst em. The Wea t h e rhe a d Res e a r ch assistance for two proje cts on Center librarian works to direct patrons to the “ju ri s d i c tio n shoppi n g ” and dispute most appropriate collections at any of the res o l utio n in Can ad a - U. S . trade more than ninety libraries at Harvard,as well — Mar c Bus ch . as to libraries not a part of Harvard. Res e a r ch forTrade War rio r s: Sta te s , Fir ms and Records for the Weatherhead Center library’s Strat egic Trade Policy in Hig h Tech n ol o g y 6,000 volumes and 80-plus journals are Com p etit ion — Mar c Bus ch . available on HOLLIS (Harvard’s online public Res e a r ch for book proje ct on integrat ing Chi n a catalog). HOLLIS contains records for most in t o the world econo my — Rich a r d Cooper. of Harvard’s libraries, providing access to Res e a r ch trip to India and res e a r ch assistant millions of titles. Access to the database is — Devesh Kap u r . available via the many HOLLIS terminals located throughout the library system, or Res e a r ch assistance for proje ct enti t l e d “St a t e from any home or office computerlinked Banks and Growth ” — Raf a el La Porta . to Harvard’s High Speed Data Network or Ind exing and res e a r ch sup port for proje ct on the Internet. in t erna ti o nal human rig hts regim e s The Weatherhead Center Library facilitates — And r ew Moravc s i k . access to the Internet for the Center’s research Res e a r ch assistance for two book s : one on civic community. The Center has its own homepage di s en ga g eme nt dome s ti c a l ly, and the second (http://data.fas.harvard.edu/cfia) on the World on its interna ti o nal manifes t a ti o n Wide Web. This site includes links to programs — Robert Putna m . within the Weatherhead Center and other Centers in Coolidge Hall, as well as links to Res e a r ch assistance for proje ct enti t l e d resources throughout Harvard, the United “The His t orical Evol utio n of Terroris t States, and the world that are of interest to the Movemen t s” — L ouise Rich a rd s on . international relations research community. In Res e a r ch assistance for proje ct enti t l e d addition, the site makes available the Center’s “In e qua l i t y in the World Econo my” weekly calendar and abstracts of Weatherhead — Dani Rod ri k . Center working papers.Lastly, the library Web Res e a r ch sup port for “P rivat izing the Privati z ed, ” page offers tips on searching, library policy and “Comm o n Fun d a m e ntals in the Tequi l a information, and schedule and hours, as well and Asian Cris e s ” — Aar on Torne ll. as electronic book renewal for Weatherhead Center Library books. Res e a r ch assistance for proje ct enti t l e d “F oreig n Aid in Latin Ame ric a : A Com p a ri s on of The Weatherhead Center Library is located in Jap a n e s e , Eur opean and Ame rican Ini ti a t ives the basement of Coolidge Hall along with the and Practice s ” — Kay War ren. libraries of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies, the Fairbank Center for East Asian Research, the Documentation Center for Contemporary Japan,and the Davis Center for Russian Research. F I N A N C E S Monitor Co., Inc. North Shore Foundation C o n t r i b u t o r s Northrop Grumman Corporation The Center wishes to acknowledge the support of all contributors. In addition to those listed Norwottock Charitable Trust below, there are several donors who wish to John M. Olin Foundation remain anonymous. Maurice and Sarah Samuels Akiyama Aiseikan Adele Simmons Amoco Foundation Smith Richardson Foundation, Inc. BankBoston Julian M. Sobin Fondation Bogette State Street Global Advisors Robert Bosch Stiftung Sidney A. Swensrud Foundation Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation John Templeton Foundation Carthage Foundation Max Thelen, Jr. Catisa Fritz Thyssen Stiftung CRB Foundation United States Information Agency Dillon Fund United States Institute of Peace Forbes Inc. Virtual Research Associates, Inc. Ford Foundation Weatherhead Foundation Foundation for Middle East Peace Richard D.Wittrup Government of Norway Harvard-Radcliffe International Relations Council Hauser Foundation, Inc. The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation Diego Hidalgo Inter-American Dialogue Robert and Ardis James Foundation Sidney R. Knafel Ira Kukin Herbert Levin John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Michael D.Manshel Mobil Business Resources Corporation Mobil Foundation, Inc.
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 9 FINANCIAL SUMMARY I N C O M E Endowment $ 1,611,809 Research Programs’ Gifts, Fees, and Grants 2,390,557 Workshops, Corporate Associates, Seminars 115,990 Government Grants and Contracts 53,223 Other Fees 7,000 Interest and Transfer for Reserves 26,927 Total Income $ 4,205,506______E X P E N S E S Fellows Program $324,877 Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival 168,376 Program on U.S.-Japan Relations 254,951 Olin Institute 816,920 Program on International Conflict, Analysis,and Resolution 221,705 Canada Program 75,545 MacArthur Transnational Security Program 128,547 Thyssen and Bosch Fellowships 47,387 Academy Scholars Program and Conferences 374,600 Student Programs 124,077 Library 72,831 Publications 105,639 Visiting Scholars/Associates 5,505 Information Technology 129,959 Administration Personnel 401,534 Space, Maintenance, Infrastructure 51,877 Center Functions, Travel, Consultants, Phones, Supplies, Misc. 125,167 Sponsored Research Programs 164,888 Support for Faculty Research, Conferences, Workshops & Seminars 572,447 Total Expenses $ 4,166,833______B A L A N C E $ 38,673 RESEARCH AND SEMINAR PROGRAMS
A F R I CA Feb ru a ry 18 The Weatherhead Center fosters research on “The Effects of Policy Reform on Africa through its co-sponsorship with the Investment, Trade, and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa,” J. Dirck Stryker, Ha rva rd In s ti tute for In tern a ti on a l President, Associates for International Development of the Weatherhead Center/HIID Resources and Development. Enhanced Joint Seminar on Africa. The seminar brings scholars of Africa to Harvard to Ma rch 4 present papers on contemporary developments “Constraints on Sustained Development in the region’s economic and political affairs. in Africa,” Arthur Goldsmith,Visiting Meeting biweekly, the seminar attracts faculty, Scholar, HIID. students,and others interested in Africa from Ma rch 18 Harvard and the larger Boston area. “Deconstructing Market Liberalization: Agricultural Commercialization in We atherhead Center/HIID Enhanced Malawi,” Pauline Peters, Development Joint Seminar on Africa Advisor, HIID; Lecturer, Department Chairs: Robert Bates (fall), Malcolm of Anthropology, Harvard University. McPherson, and Daniel Posner (spring). Ma rch 25 October 8 “Causes and Consequences of Civil War,” “Post-Independence Politics in Africa: Paul Collier,Director, Development A New Departure or Re-Enactment of Research Group, World Bank. Previous Errors?” Gretchen Bauer, April 22 Department of Politics, University “Democratization and the African of Delaware. Military,” Bill Foltz, H.J. Heinz Professor, October 22 African Studies and Political Science, “Leadership and Economic Development Yale University. in Africa,” Clive Gray,Harvard Institute April 29 for International Development. “Instability and Violence in Africa,” Novem ber 12 Robert Bates, Eaton Professor of the “R eveng e of the ‘Old Afri c a n s’ : U.S . Pol i c y , Science of Government, Harvard Human Righ t s , and the Newest Cong o Cris i s , ” University; Faculty Fellow in the Harvard Peter Ros en b lum , Proje ct Dir ector, Hum a n Institute for International Development. Rig hts Program , Har var d Law Schoo l . A S I A De cem ber 10 “Africa and the Donors: Whither the Asia Food Security Seminar Partnership 40 Years into Independence?” In 1998-99, Weatherhead Center Associate Jerry Wolgin,Director, Office of Rob Paarlberg and Visiting Scholar Sustainable Development, Bureau for Raymond Hopkins co-chaired a series of Africa, USAID. seminars on food security issues in Asia.
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1 1 This seminar was administered through April 30-May 1 the Asia Center, and supported by the “Natural Disasters and Food Security in Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Asia,”Asia Center conference co-chaired Foundation. It was designed in part as a by Rob Paa rl b erg and Raymo nd Hopk i n s . prelude to an Asia Center conference on Natural Disasters and Food Security in CA N A DA AND Asia held April 30-May 1, 1999. Regular U. S . - CA N A DA RELAT I O N S attendance at this seminar included H a rva rd Canada Seminar scholars from the Asia Center, the The Harvard Canada Seminar examines Weatherhead Center, the Kennedy School Canadian domestic and international of Government, other Harvard institutes, economic, political,and constitutional issues. and from a number of other centers and Presentations were made by scholars,public universities in the Boston area. figures, and experts in various fields. The Co- C h a i r s: Rob Paar lberg an d Raymond Hopkins seminar attracted Canadians and Americans, October 28 including faculty, visiting scholars, students “Financial Stress and Food Security in and people from the wider community. The East and Southeast Asia,” Robert L. Canada Seminar provides Harvard faculty Thompson, Sector Strategy and Policy and students with a window on Canadian scholarly and public life. It facilitates the Specialist, The World Bank. understanding of America’s closest ally and Novem ber 10 largest trading partner. It also provides rich “International Food Security Policies opportu n i ties for sch o l a rs en ga ged in of the United States Government,” John comparative studies, because Canada and the Lewis, Office of Agriculture and Food United States must respond to very similar Security, U.S. Agency for International sets of economic and social challenges yet Development; and Cheryl Christensen, with quite distinct institutional frameworks Economic Research Service, U.S. and historical legacies, and because Canada’s Department of Agriculture. experience of deep linguistic and regional divisions and fundamental constitutional De cem ber 16 conflict has important parallels with many “The Famine in North Korea,” Andrew other societies around the world. Natsios,U.S. Institute for Peace. The seminar was ch a i red in the fall Feb ru a ry 10 by Brian Ma n dell, Ken n edy Sch ool of “Food Security Policies in the People’s Government,and in the spring by Richard Republic of China,” John Holden, Simeon, Mackenzie King Visiting Professor President, National Committee on of Ca n adian Studies and Profe s s or of U.S.-China Relations. Government, Harvard University, January- December 1998,and Professor of Political Ma rch 24 Science and Law, University of Toronto. “Agribiotechnology and Food Security S eptem ber 21 in the Developing World,” Robert Horsch, “Courting Secession: an Analysis of the President, Sustainable Development Supreme Court of Canada’s Decision on the Sector, Monsanto. Quebec Reference,” a panel with Peter Hogg, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University; Novem ber 30 Andrée Lajoie, Professor of Law, Université “Voice, Loyalty and Exit: NGOs, de Montréal; Yves-Marie Morissette, Professor Humanitarian Assistance, and Complex of Law, McGill University; and Anne-Marie Emergencies,” Janice Stein,Harrowston Slaughter, Professor, Harvard Law School. Professor of Conflict Resolution, October 5 University of Toronto. Co-sponsored “The Promise of International Criminal with the Program on International Justice: Between the Ad Hoc Tribunals Conflict Analysis and Resolution. and the International Criminal Court,” De cem ber 15 Louise Arbour, Prosecutor, International “Canada’s Self-Determination Challenge: War Crimes Tribunal, The Hague. Co- First Nations and Québec,” a panel with sponsored with the Harvard Law School Phil Fontaine,National Chief, Assembly Graduate Program. of First Nations; Claire L’Heureux-Dubé, October 6 Ju s ti ce , Su preme Co u rt of Ca n ad a ; “Globalony or Global Opportunity? Richard Simeon, Mackenzie King Visiting The Canadian Provinces in a New Professor of Canadian Studies. Co- International Context,” Hon.Gary sponsored by the Harvard Law School Filmon, Premier, Manitoba. Human Rights Program and the Harvard October 19 University Native American Program. “Redefining Social Democracy in North Ma rch 1 America,” Alexa McDonough,Leader, “Treaty Making in British Columbia, New Democratic Party (NDP). Canada,” Wendy John,Associate Regional October 26 Director General, Indian and Northern “Euthanasia by Confusion,” Margaret Affairs, BC Region, Canada. Co-sponsored Somerville, Professor of Law, Medicine with the Harvard University Native and Philosophy, McGill University. American Program. Novem ber 23 Ma rch 15 “Northern Ireland: the Road to the “Judges, Politicians and Rights: The Public Good Friday Agreement,” General John Interest and Political Accountability,” de Chastelain, Member, International Rosalie Silberman Abella,Justice, Ontario Commission on Decommissioning for Court of Appeal. Northern Ireland and former Ambassador April 9 to the United States. “Artist on Fire: The Work of Joyce Wiela n d , Novem ber 30 An Evening of Film and Discussion about Québec Provincial Election Returns this Feminist Filmmaker,” Kay Armatage. televised live by satellite. Co-sponsored Director, Graduate Collaborative Program by the Kennedy School Canadian Caucus in Wome n’s Stud i e s , Uni versi t y of Toronto ; and the Government of Québec. Senior International Programmer, Toronto International Film Festival.
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1 3 April 12 De cem ber 4 “Kyoto, Energy Markets and New Power Session I: Theoretical and Methodological from Labrador,” Hon. Brian Tobin, Overview Premier, Newfoundland. Paul Pierson,Harvard University Carolyn Tuohy,University of Toronto May 3 Discussant: Keith Banting, Queen’s “Coalition-Building for a Better University Endangered Species Act,” Elizabeth May, Executive Director, Sierra Club of Canada. Session II: Welfare May 17 Can ad a : Mich a e l Mend els o n,Cal e don Ins ti t ute “It’s Not Just Entertainment: Culture in U.S.: David Ellwood,Harvard University the 21st Century,” Sheila Copps,Minister Discussant: Sylvia Bashkevin,University of Canadian Heritage and former Deputy of Toronto Prime Minister. Session III: Social Security/Pensions C o nve rgence or Dive rgence? Pat h Canada: John Myles, Statistics Canada Dependency and Innovation in U. S . U.S.: Stephen Teles,Boston University and Canadian Social Po l i c i e s Discussant: Kent Weaver, Brookings The Weatherhead Center for International University Aff a i r s and The Stud y Group on Policy Reform Session IV: Health in Advanced Industrial Societies, Center for Can ad a : Ant onia Mai on i ,McG i l l Uni versi t y European Studies U.S.: Jacob Hacker, Brookings Institution De cem ber 3-4, 1 9 9 9 Discussant: Ted Marmor,Yale University Co- ch a i rs : Paul Pierso n, Profes s o r of Go vernm en t , Center for European Studies; and Richard Session V: Explaining and Evaluating Trends Simeon, Mackenzie King Visiting Professor in the Liberal Welfare States of Canadian Studies, WCFIA. Sylvia Bashkevin,University of Toronto Both the U.S. and Canada have experimented Discussants: Paul Pierson and Richard with fundamental change in a variety of social Simeon policies in recent years. This workshop W h at Difference Does Nation Make ? brought together Canadian and American Canadian/American Cultures of scholars and practicioners to discuss issues S exuality and Consumption such as: What are the major trends at work in The Weatherhead Center for International these two countries? Are social policy trends Affairs and The Committee on Degrees in converging or diverging? What drives change? Women’s Studies, Harvard University And what implications do changes have for the central values of the welfare state? Panels April 15-16 examined social security and public pensions, Chair: Professor Joy Parr, Mackenzie King public welfare,and health care policy. Visiting Professor of Canadian Studies, Harvard University; and Farley Professor De cem ber 3 of History, Simon Fraser University. Opening workshop dinner and discussion. April 15 Harvard University; Lawrence Glickman, Session I: History Of Sexuality and/as History Department, University of South National History (part 1) Carolina, (1999 on leave at Harvard); Steven Maynard, Doctoral Candidate, Regina Blaszczyk,American Studies, Department of History, Queen’s Boston University. University, Kingston,Ontario, “The Maple Leaf (Gardens) Forever: Sex, Canadian Session III: History Of Sexuality and/as Historians, and National History.” National History (part 2) David Churchill, Doctoral Candidate, Dian Million, Doctoral Candidate, Department of History, University of Department of Comparative Ethnic Chicago, “Foreign Bodies in the Polity: Studies, University of California, Berkeley, American Expatriates and the History “Telling Secrets: Sex, Power and Narratives of the Lesbian and Gay Movement in in the Social Construction of Indian Toronto, 1965-1977.” Residential School Histories,1895-1995.” Becki Ross,Associate Professor, Roundtable discussion: Michael Bronski, Sociology/Women’s Studies, University of Independent Scholar; and Mary Russo, British Columbia, Vancouver, “Loin Professor of Literature and Critical Cloths, Feathers, and Floor Shows: Theory, Hampshire College. Queering Striptease in Vancouver’s April 16 Postwar Cabaret Scene.” Ses s i o n II:Di s tin ctive Cul t u r es of Consu m p tion ? Roundtable discussion: Carolyn Dean, Cynthia Wright,Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, History Department, Institute for Women’s Studies and Brown University; and Robyn Ochs, Gender Studies, University of Toronto, Independent Academic and Editor, “In and Out of Department Stores: Some Bisexual Resource Guide 2000. Cross-Border Reflections on Race, Nation and Retailing.” Closing Plenary Facilitated by Joy Parr and Beth Hastie Alexandra Palmer, Nora E. Vaughan Fashion Costume Curator, Textiles and COMMUNIST AND POSTCOMMUNIST Costume Section, Royal Ontario Museum, C O U N T R I E S “Couture, Culture and Consumption in Postwar Toronto.” Communist and Po s t c o m m u n i s t Countries Seminar Suzanne Morton,Associate Professor, Department of History, McGill University, From the 1970s to the 1990s,the countries Montreal (1999 on leave, Dalhousie of the world that had communist political University, Halifax, Nova Scotia), “At systems faced certain similar challenges and Odds: Gambling,Thrift and Consumption responded to them in remarkably different in Canada 1919-1969.” ways. In the 1980s, all communist party leaderships confronted challenges to the Roundtable discussion: Juliet Schor, political legitimacy of their rule; by the Senior Lecturer in Women’s Studies, beginning of the 1990s, communist regimes
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1 5 survived only in Cuba and East Asia. In the Communist and Po s t c o m m u n i s t 1 9 9 0 s ,n e a rly all comm unist and pos t commu n i s t Economic Tr a n s f o r m ation Seminar countries confront crises of identity. In much János Kornai, Allie S. Freed Professor of of formerly communist Europe and the former Economics and WCFIA affiliate, offered a Soviet Union,this takes the form of ethnic seminar in the Fall 1998 semester entitled conflict, which has at times led to warfare, but Communist and Postcommunist Economic such issues also arise where formerly separate Transformation. The seminar has been territories amalgamated: the Germanies, Hong offered three times in the past four years, Kong and China. The communist and and it has primarily been attended by postcommunist worlds, in turn, pose stunning graduate students and advanced challenges in the redesign of the interna ti on a l undergraduates of government, sociology, Russian and Chinese studies. sys t em. China is an emer gi n g superpower and Russia is groping for a new international role. The seminar provided an overview of the main issues of postsocialist transition: political Har var d Uni versi t y has a stellar cast of fac u l t y transformation, stabilization,liberalization, who work on nearly all communist and post- transfer of property rights, institutional communist countries as well as on virtually changes, reform of the welfare state and all the issues just noted . These fac u l ty are social security. associated with various departments and Emphasis was placed on the positive several research centers and institutes. Though analysis and appraisal of the experiences many knew each other casually, they rarely of the past few years. This was complemented had the opportunity to exchange views on by a survey of the main controversies and scholarly matters of common concern. Thus, discussion of the main trends of thinking an all-faculty seminar on communist and amongst policy-makers and academia alike. postcommunist countries met four times on Although the themes of most lectures were Tuesday afternoons during 1998-99 under f i rm ly roo ted in econ om i c s , po l i ti c a l the Weatherhead Center’s sponsorship. Each d i m en s i ons of econ omic issues were session was deliberately comparative, seeking also probed. to engage these scholars in thinking about Chair: János Kornai themes that cut across various countries. S eptem ber 24 In this fashion, the seminar harnessed the “Introduction,” János Kornai scholarly depth of the study of specific areas October 1 through comparative analysis. “What Determines the Path of Transition Novem ber 17 – Initial Conditions, or Reforms?” Alan “Distorting Mirrors: The Persistence of Gelb,Chief Economist and Sector Division in Post-Cold War Korea and Director, Africa Region, The World Bank. China,” William Kirby and Carter Eckert. October 8 April 19 “Fiscal Developments Since the “Language and Statehood in China and Transition Started,” Vito Tanzi,Director, Ukraine,” James Watson and Roman International Monetary Fund. Szporluk. October 15 Center, these informal roundtable discussions “Enterprise Reform in Transition,” are initiated by Fellows of the Center, who Cheryl Gray,Lead Economist, Public use their professional experience as points Sector Management, The World Bank. of departure to contribute their thoughts on the issues at hand. The seminars are of October 20 benefit to all members of the Center and “Democracy and Reform in Eastern to other interested individuals from the Europe,” Grzegorz Ekiert, Center for university community. European Studies, Harvard University. October 8 October 29 “Multilateralism and its Discontents: “Geography and Economic Transition,” Maintaining Cohesion in a Divisive Jeffrey Sachs,Director, Harvard Institute World,” Michael Alvis and Francisco for International Development. Tudela, Fellows. Novem ber 5 Novem ber 12 “Main Issues in Reforming Social “Pressures at Home, Pressures Abroad: Protection Systems,” Michal Rutkowski, How Domestic Politics Influences Foreign Sector Leader, Social Protection, Europe Policy,” Friedrich Gröning, John Pitt- and Central Asia Region, The World Bank. Brooke, and Panayotis Tsakonas, Fellows. Novem ber 12 De cem ber 10 “Government in Transition,” Andrei “Making Friends, Influencing People: Shleifer, Department of Economics, How Much Does Personality Matter Harvard University. in In tern a ti onal Nego ti a ti on s ? ” Novem ber 19 Charles Crawford and Federico Molina “Reforming the State,” János Kornai. Soto, Fellows. De cem ber 3 Feb ru a ry 11 “The Reform of the Health Sector,” “Bu r dens of Hegemo ny: U.S . Foreig n Pol i c y János Kornai. as Seen From Abroad, ”Mich a e l Bell, Fried ri c h De cem ber 10 Grö n i n g , and Jaya n t Prasad, Fellows. “China’s ‘Step by Step’ Economic Ma rch 12 Transition,” Dwight Perkins, Department “Financial Crisis in Asia: What Have We of Economics, Harvard University. Learned?” Yasunori Sone,U.S.-Japan De cem ber 17 Associate, Jorge Gallardo Zavala and General Discussion Pham Binh Man, Fellows. April 22 D I R E C TOR’S SEMINAR “The Crisis in Kosovo: Is This the New Jorge I.Domínguez, the director of the World Order?” Michael Alvis and Charles Weatherhead Center, led these monthly Crawford, Fellows. sessions on subjects of current importance in international affairs.A tradition of the
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1 7 ETHICS AND De cem ber 2 I N T E R N ATIONAL RELAT I O N S “My Brother’s Keeper: International Rights and Obligations in ‘Problem Ethics and Intern ational Relat i o n s States.’”Professor Seyom Brown, S e m i n a r Department of Political Science, Sin c e its inceptio n seven yea r s ago, the Semi n a r Brandeis University. on Ethics and International Relations has De cem ber 9 provided a forum for scholars to explore a “Thinking Abou t Int erna ti o nal Governa n ce . ” broad range of ethical issues with relevance to Professor Stanley Hoffmann, Department international relations. The seminar entertains of Government, Harvard University. two types of lectures. Some speakers address Feb ru a ry 16 international ethics from a philosophical “On the Origins of Human Rights perspective, applying moral and political Regimes: Liberal States and Domestic theory to problems such as humanitarian Political Uncertainty.” Professor Andrew intervention,self-determination, and human Moravcsik, Department of Government, rights. Other speakers take a more scientific Harvard University. approach, asking whether ethical ideas and norms affect the behavior of states and Ma rch 3 nonstate actors. The seminars were well “Cruel and Unusual Punishment in the attended and generated an ongoing dialogue Roman Empire and Dynastic China.” among international relations scholars from Professor Barrington Moore, Department the Weatherhead Center, the Government of Government, Harvard University. Department, and the Philosophy Department, Ma rch 12 and among the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, “Adaptive Preferences and Women’s the Kennedy School of Government, the Options.” Martha Nussbaum, Professor Divinity School,and other universities in of Law and Ethics, University of Chicago. the Boston area. Ma rch 24 Seminar on Ethics and “Second Thoughts on International I n t e rn ational Relat i o n s Justice.” Professor Charles Beitz, Bowdoin College. October 14 “Cosmopolitanism in Question.” April 16 Professor Pratap Mehta, Department “Distributive Justice and International of Government, Harvard University. Trade.” Professor Ethan Kapstein, University of Minnesota. Novem ber 4 “War and the Social Contract.” Professor April 28 Elaine Scarry, Department of English and “The Strategic Behavior of Tyrants: American Literature, Harvard University. A Neo-Classical Perspective.” Professor Stephen Rosen, Department of Novem ber 17 Government, Harvard University. “Government Networks and Trans- govern m ental Et h i c s .” Profe s s or Anne- Marie Slaughter,Harvard Law School. F E L L OWS PRO G R A M Goethe Society of New England, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and The 1998-99 Fellows contributed in many the University of Massachusetts at Boston. ways to life both within and beyond the Thunderbird, the American Graduate School Weatherhead Center and the wider Harvard of International Management, hosted one of community. Ten diplomats, four civil servants, the Fellows on its campus in Arizona for a three military officers,and two journalists seminar presentation in its Global Issues comprised the 41st class of Fellows and offered Forum. Both the New Hampshire and Rhode the practitioner’s voice and perspective to the Island Councils of World Aff a i r s brou g ht Fello ws Center’s international affairs dialogue and to Man ch e s t er, New Ham p s h i r e and Provid ence , debate. The issues chosen by the Fellows for Rhode Island, respectively, to address their further research and analysis included legal membership as well as interested persons cooperation between China and the West, within those communities. Other Fellows media and democracy in Africa, prospects provided educational opportunities to young for India-U.S. relations, adjustment policy students at the Cambridge Rindge and Latin and globalization, regionalism and UN School and through the Global Classrooms multilateral action at the end of the twentieth Project of Boston’s World Affairs Council. century, and global climate warming and human life. The year’s program also included a visit to the headquarters of the Boston Globe for a While on campus, the Fellows were engaged discussion with editors and writers on issues in the life of the University in various and relating, inter alia, to the current state and productive ways: speaking at seminars, future of print journalism. In April, the group providing guest lectures in courses of had a first-hand look — hard hats and safety instruction, serving as informal thesis and goggles required — at Boston’s “Big Dig,” the dissertation advisers, and carrying out their largest and most expensive public works own research. They also interacted informally project currently underway in the U.S., which with facu l t y, stu d ent s , and other ext ra- ac a demi c is working to depress the major highway artery practitioners. Fellows were engaged in the that runs through the city. work of such Harvard institutions as the Asia Center, the Belfer Center for Science and The Canadian government once again International Affairs, the David Rockefeller generously provided the Fellows with a study Center for Latin American Studies,the Davis tour of various and distinctive cities,including Center for Russian Research, the Fairbank Ottawa, Montréal, Québec City, Toronto, and Center for East Asian Research, the Institute St. John’s, Newfoundland. The trip took place of Politics of the John F. Kennedy School of in August and featured a series of briefings on Government,and the Minda de Gunzburg issues ranging from Canadian federalism to Center for European Studies. economic development in relatively impoverished areas. Venturing beyond the gates of Harvard, the Fellows also added to the academic discourse With administrative assistance from the U.S. at other area institutions,including Bentley Information Agency, the Fellows embarked on College, Boston University, the Fletcher School a second study trip in May, which focused on of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, the the U.S. The initial destination was Mississippi,
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 1 9 where the Fellows visited Tougaloo College, a deputy minister of foreign affairs and historically black college and haven for Civil international trade; Eric Clarke, the secretary Rights activists in the 1960s; the Piney Woods of state of Mississippi; Michael S.Dukakis, Country Life School, a historically black former governor of Massachusetts and former boarding school that brings urban youth into democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency; a rural environment; and various cities within Raymond Flynn, former U.S. ambassador to the Mississippi Delta region to explore with the Vatican and former mayor of Boston; their political leadership issues of economic Mayor Jean-Paul L’Allier of Québec City; growth and development. The Fellows then Vice Admiral Dennis McGinn, commander moved on to Houston where they met with of the 3rd Fl e et, U.S . Navy ; Martine Reicherts, Mayor Lee Brown,had discussions with spo ke s p erso n for the European Commission; professors of sociology and political science Björn von Sydow, Swedish minister of defense; at Rice University, enjoyed an overview of the Jean-Claude Trichet, governor of the Banque city from the perspective of an architectural de France and member of the Governing historian, and attended services at the Holman Council of the European Central Bank; and Street Baptist Church. In San Diego, their third Akashi Yasushi, president of the Hiroshima and final destination, the Fellows traveled the Peace Institute and former under-secretary- U.S.-Mexico border at the San Ysidro border general of the UN. crossing, toured the Pacific base of the U.S. Navy, and met with researchers at the Scripps Fr i d ay Lunch Seminars, Institution of Oceanography. 1 9 9 8 - 9 9 As in years past, we were happy to welcome Chair: Steven B.Bloomfield former Fellows back to Coolidge Hall to brief S eptem ber 25 the current class on the issues that they are “Russia: Why It Matters and What Is currently handling in their present professional To Be Done,” Graham Allison,Director, roles. The returning Fellows included Geert- Belfer Center for Science and Hin ri c h Ahr ens ( 1 9 8 3 - 8 4 ) ,G erma n International Affairs, Kennedy am b a s s a dor to Colombia; Ulrich Bran d enbu r g School of Government; and Douglas ( 1 9 9 1 - 9 2 ) ,h e ad of the Par tne rsh i p an d Dillon Professor of Government. Cooperati o n Sectio n in the Pol i t ical Aff a i r s October 2 Division at NATO Headquarters; Richard “Current Issues Facing the Democratic Miles (1987-88), chargé d’affaires in the U.S. Party in the United States,” Michael Embassy in Belgrade; and Peter Yoshiyasu Dukakis, former Governor of Sato (1974-75), former Japanese ambassador Massachusetts; former Presidential to the People’s Republic of China. candidate (1988) of the Democratic Numerous events during the year, both on Party; Professor of Political Science, and off campus, provided the Fellows with Northeastern University, Boston; and opportunities to meet such distinguished Visiting Professor at the School of Public leaders as Kofi Annan, secretary general of the Policy and Social Research, UCLA. United Nations; Donald Campbell,Canadian October 9 Jim Sleeper, Fellow, Shorenstein Center “The Phenomenon of Multiculturalism for Press, Politics, and Public Policy; in American Society,” Nathan Glazer, former political columnist for the Daily Professor Emeritus of Education and News (New York); and author of The Social Structure, Harvard Graduate Closest of Strangers, and Liberal Racism. School of Education; and author of November 20 We Are All Multiculturalists Now. “The Carter-Nunn-Powell Mission to October 16 Haiti, September 1994: Ten Lessons for “Case Study in Research Methodology: Resolving Conflicts,” Robert Pastor, Congress and the Federal Reserve,” Ralph L. Straus Visiting Professor, Lawrence Broz,Associate Professor of Kennedy School of Government and Government, Harvard University; and the Weatherhead Center; and Goodrich author of International Origins of the C. White Professor of Political Science, Federal Reserve System. Emory University, Atlanta. October 23 De cem ber 11 “Problems of National Identity (with “The State of Public Education in reference to the United States),” Samuel America,” John Silber,Chancellor, Huntington,Albert J.Weatherhead III Boston University; Chairman, University Professor; Director, Olin Massachusetts Board of Education; and Institute for Strategic Studies; Chairman, author of Straight Shooting: What’s Wrong Harvard Academy for International and with America and How to Fix It. Area Studies; and author of The Clash of Feb ru a ry 5 Civilizations and the Remaking of World “Japan-China Relations,” Peter Yoshiyasu Order. Sato (CFIA Fellow 1974-75), Former October 30 Ambassador of Japan to the People’s “Contemporary Russia,” Richard Pipes, Rep u blic of China (co - s pon s ored Frank B.Baird, Jr. Professor of History with the Asia Center). Emeritus, Harvard University. Feb ru a ry 12 Novem ber 6 “Manliness,”Harvey Mansfield,William “Post-Election Reflections,” Mickey R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Government, Edwards, Lecturer in Public Policy, Ha rva rd Un ivers i ty; and aut h or of Kennedy School of Government; former Taming the Prince: The Ambivalence of Republican Congressman from Modern Executive Power; No Liberty for Oklahoma; and former National License: The Forgotten Logic of the First Chairman of the American Conservative Amendment; and Machiavelli’s Virtue. Union and the Conservative Political Feb ru a ry 19 Action Conference. “The Cu l tu re and Po l i tics of Novem ber 13 Contemporary Turkey,” Nicole Pope, “Racial and National Identity in America,” Turkish correspondent for Le Monde
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 2 1 and Middle East International; and Professor of Linguistics,MIT; author co - a ut h or of Tu rkey Unvei l ed: A of Profit Over People: Neoliberalism & History of Modern Turkey. Global Order; and Powers and Prospects: Ma rch 19 Reflections on Human Nature and the “The Question of Faith and Faith-based Social Order; and editor of The Cold War Communities in American Life,”James & the University: Toward an Intellectual Wallis, Fellow, Center for the Study of History of the Postwar Years. Values in Public Life, Harvard Divinity School; Editor-in-Chief of Sojourners; Fe l l ow s ’ Special Seminars, 1 9 9 8 - 9 9 and author of The Soul of Politics, and September 1 Who Speaks for God? An Alternative to “Reflections on the Race for the 8th the Religious Right — A New Politics of District Congressional Seat,” Raymond L. Compassion, Community and Civility. Flynn, Former U.S. Ambassador to the Ma rch 26 Vatican (1993-1998); Former Mayor “Revolution Beneath the Radar,” Pam of Bos t on (1984-1993); Democ ra ti c Solo,Founder and President, Institute ca n d i d a te , 8th Cong res s i o nal Dis t ric t for Civil Society; and author of From of Mas s a chus et t s . Protest to Policy: Beyond the Freeze to S eptem ber 11 Common Security. “Canada’s International Trade Policy,” April 23 Sergio Marchi,Canadian Minister for “Arab Intellectuals and Saddam Hussein: International Trade (co-sponsored with A discussion of the book Cruelty and the Canada Seminar). Silence,” Kanan Makiya,Associate, Center S eptem ber 15 for Mi d dle Eastern Stu d i e s , Ha rva rd “Ja p a n ’s Growing (Shrinking?) Role on the Un ivers i ty; and aut h or of Cru el ty and World Stage, ” Akashi Yasu s h i , Pres i d ent of Si l en ce: Wa r, Tyra n ny, Upri s i n g , and the the Hir oshima Peace Ins ti t ute; forme r Und er- Arab Wo rld; a n d Repu blic of Fe a r: T h e Secr eta ry - G en e ral of the Uni t ed Nati on s ; Pol i ti cs of Mod ern Ira q . Obs e rver at last set of Cam b odian ele ction s ; April 30 UN point man in Bosnia (co- s p ons o red “What Role for Labor Standards in the with the Program on U.S . - J apan Rela ti on s ) . Global Economy?” Richard Freeman, Novem ber 19 Ascherman Professor of Economics, “Democracy and Security: The Case Harvard University; Director, Labor of Europe,” Björn Von Sydow, Swedish Studies Program, National Bureau of Minister of Defense. Economic Research; and Director, De cem ber 3 Program for Discontinuous Economics, Program on International Conflict London School of Economics. Analysis and Resolution Workshop, May 7 Donna Hicks, Deputy Director, PICAR, “Humanitarian Intervention,” Noam and Herbert Kelman,Director, PICAR. Chomsky,Institute Professor and Feb ru a ry 10 October 1 “What’s Been Happening to American “Enlargement: Will the European Union Community Life and How Do We Begin Die of Indigestion?” Etienne Davignon, to Fix It?” Robert Putnam, Stanfield Chairman, Société Générale de Belgique, Professor of International Peace (KSG); and former Vice President of the Director, The Saguaro Seminar: Civic European Commission. En ga g eme nt in Ame rica (KSG); and aut h o r October 7 of Bowling Alone: Civic Dis enga g emen t i n “Economic and Monetary Union as Seen America and What to do About It. by the Banque de France,” Jean-Claude Ma rch 16 Trichet, Governor of the Banque de “Ethnic Integration in America: How Far France, and Member of the Governing Have We Come?” Orlando Patterson, Council of the European Central Bank. John Cowles Professor of Sociology, Novem ber 20 Harvard University; and author of Rituals “A Stronger and Wider European Union: of Blood: Consequences of Slavery in Two How to Square the Circle?” Carlo Trojan, American Centuries, and The Ordeal of Secretary Gene ral of the Eur opean Comm i s s i on . Integration: Progress and Resentment in America’s ‘Racial’ Crisis. De cem ber 16 “The EU-US Sum m i t : Myths and Rea l i ti e s , ” May 4 Mar tine Reich e rts , Spokesperson for the “South Korea’s ‘Sunshine Policy’ and the European Commission. Future of the Korean Peninsula,” Han Sung-Joo, Professor of Political Science Ma rch 2 and Director of the Ilmin International “A Social Model for the New Mill en n iu m — Relations Institute, Korea University; Eur opean or Ame ric a n ? ” Pá d r aig Flynn, Former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Comm i s s i on e r for Employmen t , Indu s t ria l Republic of Korea (co-sponsored with Rela ti on s , and Social Aff a i rs ; and Robert the Asia Center). Reic h, Forme r U.S . Secr eta r y of La b or, an d Mau ri c e B. Hext er Profes s o r of Social and Special Seminar Series: Visions for Ec ono mic Pol i c y , Bran d eis Uni versi t y. E u ropean Gove rn a n c e , 1998-99 April 28 A seminar series created and organized by “Europe’s New Telephone Number: A Renée Haferkamp, Fellow 1993-94, to explore More Common Foreign and Security current issues of concern for the future of the Policy?” Hugo Paeman (Speaker), Head of European Union. Delegation of the European Commission Co-Chairs: Steven Bloomfield, Renée to the United States, Washington, D.C.; Haferkamp, and George Ross and Stanley Hoffmann (Discussant), Paul Co-Sponsors: Minda de Gunzburg Center for and Catherine Buttenwieser University European Studies, the John F. Kennedy Professor, Harvard University. [Note: This School of Government, the Jean Monnet event marked the official inauguration of Program of Harvard Law School,and the Harvard’s European Union Center.] Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er for Int erna ti o nal Aff a i rs .
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 2 3 May 4 Mark Kosnik (United States) “Does the European Union have a “An Analysis of the United States Use Constitution? Does It Need One?” of Military Force Against Terrorism” Jean-Claude Piris,Director-General Federico Molina Soto (Colombia) of the Legal Service of the Council of “Fighting Money Laundering in an Era Ministers of the European Union. of Electronic Transfers” Fe l l ows and their Research Pa p e r s , Jimmy Ocitti (Uganda) 1 9 9 8 - 9 9 “Media and Democracy in Africa” Michael Alvis (United States) Pham Binh Man (S ocialist Repu b lic of Vie tna m ) “The Lingering Myths of US Peace “ASEAN’s Economic Integration: Operations in the Late 20th Century” Opportunities and Challenges for Michael Bell (Canada) Vietnam” “The Temptation of Mecca: King Hussein John Pitt-Brooke (United Kingdom) and the Gulf Crisis” “The Hour of Eu rope : A Stu dy of Michael Boorstein (United States) the Theory and Practice of European “Virtual Diplomacy in the 21st Century: Defence with Particular Reference to Implications for the Department of State” the Eur opean Man a g eme nt of the War s in Yugoslavia 1991-94” Rune Castberg (Norway) “The Post-Soviet Caspian Region: A Pirkko Pöntinen (Finland) Great Game?” “Legal Cooperation between China and the West” Stéphane Chmelewsky (France) “The Search for National Identity in Jayant Prasad (India) Today’s Russia” “Prospects for India-U.S. Relations: The Past as Prologue or Epilogue?” Charles Crawford (United Kingdom) “The Limits of Diplomacy” Peter Smith (United Kingdom) “Adjustment Policy and Globalisation” Marc Felman (United States) “Ten Propositions Regarding Coalition Panayotis Tsakonas (Greece) Warfare” “Confronting the Effects of the Security Dilemma: The Greek-Turkish Arms Race” Jorge Gallardo Zavala (Ecuador) “Financial Crises in the 90s” Francisco Tudela (Peru) “Regionalism and UN Multilateral Action Mansour Gharavi (Islamic Republic of Iran) at the End of the XXth Century” “The Revol utio n and Pol i t ical Shi’ism in Iran ” Kunio Umeda (Japan) Friedrich Gröning (Germany) “Gl o bal Cli m a t e War ming and Human Life” “Turkey’s Relationship with the European Union and Germany: Finding a Road Map for Turkey’s Integration into Europe” GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS A N D Feb ru a ry 22 I N T E R N ATIONAL RELAT I O N S “New Joint Doctrine on Information Operations: A Critical Comment,” Seminar on Global Communicat i o n s Brigadier General Walter Jajko, USAF, and Intern ational Relat i o n s (Ret), Special Assistant for National Co-sponsored by the Weatherhead Center Security Affairs, Office of the Secretary of for International Affairs and the Program Defense; Defense Fellow and Professor of on Information Resources Policy, this seminar National Security Studies, Institute of explored the impact of global communications World Politics. on international relations. It focused particularly on the impact of communications and information technologies on the struggles I N T E R N ATIONAL AND A R E A for power, peace, development, and democracy S T U D I E S in the four arenas of global security, and H a rva rd A c a d e my for Intern at i o n a l economic, political,and cultural relations. and A rea Studies Chair: George Hayes Founded in 1986, the Harvard Academy for Novem ber 2 International and Area Studies provides “In f orma ti o n Revol ution : Is China on the significant fellowship support to a small group Eve or on the Way?” “Frank”Xing Fan, of young scholars who combine excellence in a International Communications Studies social science discipline with a strong regional Progra m , Cen ter for Stra tegic and focus of application. The Academy’s premise is International Studies (CSIS). that society needs individuals who combine thorough disciplinary and area specializations. De cem ber 7 Those selected as Academy Scholars work for “International Telecommunications two years conducting either dissertation or Policy: Prospects for the Future,” postdoctoral research in their chosen fields Richard C.“Dick” Beaird, Deputy and regions. They are provided with time, U.S. Coordinator for International guidance, financial assistance, and access to Communications and Information Harvard’s facilities to help them achieve their Policy,U.S. Department of State. academic potential. During the course of the De cem ber 14 fellowship, each Academy Scholar presents “France Telecom and European his or her work to colleagues, Senior Scholars, and other interested faculty, and participates Communications,” François Vulliod, in the Academy’s monthly seminar series on Vice President, Corporate Planning, globalization and culture. The deadline for France Telecom. a pp l i c a ti ons to the Ha rva rd Ac ademy is Ja nu a ry 25 October 15,1999. “Efforts of the Department of State Building on its area expertise,the Academy to Modernize its Global Networking also sponsors a variety of activities to promote Infrastructure,” Michael Boorstein, understanding of the similarities,differences, U.S. Department of State Fellow, and interactions among societies of different Weatherhead Center for International cultures and civilizations. In this connection,it Affairs, Harvard University. has sponsored three major conferences during
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 2 5 the past two years and a faculty seminar on Chairman, Department of Government globalization and culture, which will continue Edward Roger Owen, A.J. Meyer Professor of during 1999-2000. Middle East History; and Director, Center for The Seni o r Scho l a rs , a distin g u i s h e d grou p Middle Eastern Studies of sen i o r memb ers of Har vard ’ s facu l t y, act as Susan Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer Professor the Aca demy’ s oversi g ht comm i t t ee ,s el ect new of Japanese Politics; and Director, Program Aca demy Scho l a rs , and serve as ment ors of th e on U.S.-Japan Relations, WCFIA (on leave) Aca demy Sch o l a rs . The Aca demy’ s Seni o r Sch o l a r s in 1998-1999 were Robert H. Ba te s , 1998-99 A c a d e my Scholars John Coat s w orth , Tim o t h y J. Col t on, Grz egorz Peter Andreas Ek i e rt, Sa mu e l P.Hun ti n g t on, Roderic k Audrey Helfant Budding Mac Fa r quh a r , Edwa r d Roger Owen, an d Oleg Kharkhordin Susan Pha r r. Robert Pekkanen Initially endowed by a gift from Dr. Ira Timothy Snyder Kukin, the Academy has also received Kellee S. Tsai supporting grants from the John D. and Richard Turits Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation,the Pew Charitable Trusts, and the Andrew Mellon 1998-99 A c a d e my Scholar Researc h Foundation. Samuel P.Huntington was Topics and A c t i v i t i e s chairman of the Academy in 1998-1999, and Peter Andreas began the 1998-99 academic Chester D.Haskell was executive secretary. year by finishing his dissertation, entitled For more information contact Beth “Sovereigns and Smugglers: Enforcing the Hastie, program coordinator. Telephone: U.S.-Mexico Border in the Age of Economic 617-495-3671; fax:617-495-8292; e-mail: Integration.”He has turned the dissertation
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 2 7 pa p er entitled “The Logic of Local manuscript tentatively titled Foundations of Financial Institutional Innovation in Despotism: The Paradoxes of Power, Consent, China and Beyond”at the 1998 Annual and Modernity in the Dominican Countryside Meeting of the American Political Science under the Trujillo Regime. He presented this Association; in October she served as a manuscript to scholars at the University of discussant for the “Issues in Chinese Local Michigan under the auspices of the New Series Government” panel at the New England in Politics, History and Culture of Cornell Association for Asian Studies Annual University Press. He also completed the entry Conference held at Tufts University; in on “Dominican-Haitian Relations” published November she presented her research to in Encarta Africana, an encyclopedia of Africa the Harvard Academy; in March, she and the African diaspora edited by Kwame presented a paper entitled,“Financing Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. In Private Enterprises in China:A Political addition, he presented a paper entitled “The Economic View from Below”at the 1998 Agonies of State Formation: Peasants, Nation, Annual Meeting of the Association for and Terror in Dominican History”at the Asian Studies; and she also gave a talk via annual meeting of the American Historical the Fairbank Center’s East Asian Colloquia Association, and then expanded this paper series entitled,“Private Entrepreneurs and into an article manuscript of the same title. Informal Finance in China.”In addition, He is also in the process of preparing several she enrolled in the weekly Performance other articles stemming from his dissertation of Democracies Workshop run by Robert research and from related work on race, Putnam, Grzegorz Ekiert, Steve Vogel, nation,and violence in Dominican history. and Jorge Domínguez, which gave her the While at the Harvard Academy, he served as opportunity to present her own work and co-chair for Harvard University’s Latin serve as a discussant for others. Kellee also America Tuesday Seminar.In September, continued to participate in the China he will return to his position as assistant Business Project Breakfast organized by professor in the Department of History at Ezra Vogel. In early May Kellee successfully Princeton University. defended and deposited her dissertation, G l o b a l i z ation and Culture Seminar “Banking Behind the State: Private Entrepreneurs and the Political Economy Chairs: Samuel Huntington,Weatherhead of Informal Finance in China,1978-1998,” Center, and Peter Berger,Boston and received her Ph.D. in Political Science University. at Columbia University. In addition, The In the past several years there has been China Quarterly accepted her article much talk about and some evidence of the “Banquet Banking: Gender and Rotating emergence of what might be called global or Savings and Credit Associations in China” universal cultures. First is the “Davos culture,” for publication. Before commencing ideas concerning market capitalism,liberal employment at Emory University as an democracy, private property, the rule of law, Assistant Professor of Political Science, and economic development widely shared by Kellee will return to Hong Kong and China government ministers and bureaucrats, to follow up on her original research sites corporation executives, academics, and officials and lay the grou n d work for her next proje ct. of i n tern a ti onal agencies in co u n tri e s Richard Turits spent the year writing a book t h ro u gh o ut the worl d . This is the cultu re of mu ch of the worl d ’s el i te . Secon d , t h ere Transformation?” Jorge Domínguez, is gl ob a l i zed popular cultu re “c a rri ed ” by Clarence Dillon Professor of International the med i a , adverti s i n g, i m i t a tive con su m er Affairs, Harvard University; Director, h a bi t s — f rom rock music to jeans to fast Weathe rhead Cent er for Int erna ti o nal Aff a irs. food . This is not just a matter of beh avi or: Discussant: Claudio Veliz, University m a ny of these items invo lve va lues and Professor, Boston University. bel i efs . Th i rd , t h ere appe a rs also to be De cem ber 1 em er ging what might be term ed a gl ob a l “Resisting Americanization: The “hu m a n i t a rian cultu re ,” su pporting hu m a n Experiences of Canada, France,and ri ghts and equ a l i ty for wom en , oppo s i n g China,” Stanley Hoffmann,Director, ethnic cleansing and racial discri m i n a ti on , Center for European Studies, Harvard and prom o ting the re s pon s i bi l i ty of University; Leo Ou-Fan Lee, Professor govern m ents and intern a ti onal agencies to of Chinese Literature, Harvard University; m i ti ga te human su f fering any wh ere on the Richard Simeon, Mackenzie King Visiting p l a n et . This cultu re is dissem i n a ted thro u gh Professor of Canadian Studies, Harvard ac ademic and intell ectual net work s , University. fo u n d a ti on s , N G O s , s ome intern a ti on a l a gen c i e s , and the med i a . How do these Feb ru a ry 9 t h ree We s tern - gen era ted em er ging gl ob a l “Structural Globalization and Cultural c u l tu res interact with non- We s t ern Fragmentation: Their Contemporary i n d i genous cultu re s ? Interaction,” Bassam Tibi,Augusta The Globalization and Culture Seminar Professor of International Relations and sought to address these and related issues Director, University of Göttingen; and with participants including faculty, research Robert Bosch Fellow, Weatherhead Center associates, and graduate students from for International Affairs. Harvard and the larger Boston-Cambridge April 6 area. Participants came from a variety of “Globalization and Religion,” James disciplines,including history, sociology, Kurth, Professor of Political Science, pol i t ical science , econ om i c s ,a n t h ropol o gy, la w, Swarthmore College. and social psychology; people specializing in the world’s major cultural areas as well Special Eve n t as people who work on the transmission, S eptem ber 17, 1 9 9 9 dissemination, and assimilation of ideas, “The Politics of Globalization,”University technology, and customs. The seminar met Lecture, Hon. Kofi Annan, Secretary- five times for discussions over dinner at the General of the United Nations. Faculty Club. October 6 Special Seminars “The Asian Values Debate: Are We All Feb ru a ry 9, 1 9 9 9 Becoming the Same?” Nathan Glazer, “From Plato to Nato: The Idea of the West Professor of Education and Sociology and Its Opponents,” Dr. David Gress, Emeritus, Harvard University. Director, Center for Studies on America and the West, Foreign Policy Research Novem ber 3 Institute, Philadelphia. “Is Latin America Undergoing a Cultural
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 2 9 April 7, 1 9 9 9 The Harvard Academy is elaborating a “The Kosovo Conflict and Its Implications proposal for theoretical and applied research for the Postcommunist World,” Veljko aimed at integrating value and attitude change Vujacic,Assistant Professor of Sociology, into development planning and programming. Oberlin College; Former Academy Sch o l a r , The symposium proceedings will be published Har var d Aca demy for Int erna ti on a l and by Basic Books in 2000. Area Studies. Co-sponsored with the April 23 Davis Center for Russian Studies. Introduction: Samuel Huntington,Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor, Cultural Values and Human Prog re s s : Harvard University. A Symposium Panel 1: Culture and Political Development April 23-25, 1 9 9 9 American Academy of Arts and Sciences Moderator: Jorge Domínguez,Clarence 136 Irving Street Dillon Professor of International Affairs, Cambridge, Massachusetts Har var d Uni versi t y; Dir ector, Wea t h e rhe a d Center for International Affairs. The Harvard Academy for International and Ronald Inglehart, Professor of Political Area Studies sponsored a symposium on Science and Program Director, Institute cultural values and human progress that took for Social Re s e a rch, University of place at the American Academy of Arts and Michigan: “Culture and Democracy.” Sciences on April 23-25, 1999. The goal of the symposium, which was organized by Mr. Larry Francis Fukuyama, Omer L.and Nancy Harrison and chaired by Professor Sa mu el Hirst Professor of Public Policy,Institute Hu n ti n g ton , was to adva n ce understanding of Pub lic Pol i c y , Ge org e Mas o n Uni versi t y: of how cultural values and attitudes influence “Social Capital.” the political, economic, and social dimensions of human progress, with particular emphasis Seymour Martin Lipset,Hazel Professor on poor countries, but also with respect to of Public Policy, George Mason un d erachi e ving minorit ies in the Uni t ed States . University: “Culture and Corruption.” The symposium brought together twenty- Panel 2: Culture and Economic Development, four social scientists, journalists, and Part I practitioners, many of whom have focused Moderator: Christopher DeMuth, on cultural factors in their work. Some have President, American Enterprise Institute. expressed skepticism about culture’s impact on progress; others have even questioned the David Landes, Coolidge Professor of notion of “progress.” Thus, a consensus was History and Professor of Economics, neither expected nor reached. Nevertheless, t Emeritus, Harvard University: “Culture he panel presentations stimulated intense Makes All the Difference.” discussion in which an audience of about Michael Porter, C. Roland Christensen seventy-five people—s ch o l a rs , j o u rn a l i s t s , Professor of Business Administration, devel opm ent practitioners, foundation and Harvard University: “Culture and research institution representatives—played Competitiveness.” an active role. Jeffrey Sachs, Galen L. Stone Professor Tho mas Weis n er, Profes s o r of Ant h r opol o gy, of In tern a ti onal Trade , Ha rva rd University of California, Los Angeles: Uni versi t y; Dir ector, Har var d Ins ti t ute for “Cultural Transmission in Childhood.” International Development; Director, Presentation by His Excellency Dr. Emil Center for International Development: Constantinescu, President of Romania. “Culture as One of Several Factors that Influence Outcomes.” April 24 Panel 5:The Asian Crisis Panel 3: Culture and Economic Development, Moderator: Roderick MacFarquhar, Leroy Part II B. Williams Professor of History and Moderator: Harriet Babbitt, Deputy Political Science, Harvard University. Administrator, USAID. Mariano Grondona, Professor of Dwight Perkins,Harold Hitchings Government,Law Faculty, National Burbank Professor of Political Economy, University of Buenos Aires:“Progress- Harvard University Prone and Progress-Resistant Cultures.” Lucian Pye, Ford Professor of Political Carlos Alberto Montaner, Author, Science Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute Manual del Perfecto Idiota of Technology Latinoamericano; Fabricantes de Miseria Tu Weiming, Professor of Chinese History (both co-authored with Plinio Apuleyo and Philosophy, Harvard University; Mendoza and Álvaro Vargas Llosa); and Dir ector of the Har vard - Y enc hing Ins ti t ute No Perdamos También el Siglo Veintiuno: “Cul tu r e and the Beha vio r of Key Grou p s . ” Panel 6: Culture and Gender Moderator: Phyllis Pomerantz,The Daniel Etounga-Manguelle, President and World Bank. Founder of the Societé Africaine d’Etude, d’Exploitation et de Gestion (SADEG): Barbara Crossette,United Nations “The African Case.” Bureau Chief, New York Times: “Cultural Panel 4: Cultures That Work; Cultures Conflicts with Human Rights.” That Don’t Mala Htun, Ph.D.Candidate, Department Moderator: Howard Gardner, Professor of Political Science, Harvard University: of Education, Harvard University “Culture and Gender—Latin America.” Graduate School of Education. Rubie Watson,William and Muriel Robert Edgerton, Professor of Ant h r opol o gy, Howells Director, Peabody Museum of Departments of Anthropology and Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University: “Culture and Gender—China.” University of California, Los Angeles: Panel 7: Culture and American Minorities “Sick Societies.” Moderator: Governor Richard Lamm, Richard Shweder, Professor of Human University of Denver. Development, University of Chicago: O rl a n do Pat t erso n, John Cowles Profes s o r “Is Culture a Waste of Time?” of Soci o l o gy, Har var d Uni versi t y: “Cul tu re , Slavery, and Black Underachievement.”
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 1 Stephan Thernstrom,Winthrop Professor 1737 Cambridge St. of His t ory, Har var d Uni versi t y: “P opu l a ti o n Cambridge MA Trends in the U.S.” The Harvard Academy for International Nathan Glazer, Professor of Education and Area Studies and the Weatherhead and Sociology Emeritus, Harvard Center for International Affairs co-sponsored University: “Promoting the Melting Pot.” a conference on border controls, state power, and economic integration. The goal of the Panel 8: Promoting Progressive Cultural conference, which was chaired and organized Change by Academy Scholars Peter Andreas and Tim Moderator: Robert Klitgaard,Dean, Snyder, was to explore the relationship RAND Graduate School. between regional integration and the control Lawrence Harrison, Author of of frontiers in Europe and North America. Underdevelopment Is a State of Mind; Conference participants examined the Who Prospers? and The Pan-American proposition that even as the military and Dream: Overview. economic functions of state borders may be in decline,their policing function has been Stace Lindsay,Founder of Monitor reasserted, especially in the area controlling Company’s Country Competitiveness the cross-border movement of people. The practi ce in Latin Am eri c a :“ Mental conference crossed both professional and Models and Prosperity.” geogra phic borders , bri n ging toget h er Mich a e l Fai rb a n k s ,Lea der of the Moni t or sociologists,historians, geographers, political Company’s Country Competitiveness scientists, and policy-makers from both sides practi ce ; Vi s i ting Sch o l a r, Hoover of the Atlantic. The papers presented by the In s ti tuti on , S t a n ford Un ivers i ty: participants will be revised for inclusion in a “Ch a n ging the Mind of a Na ti on .” volume edited by the conference organizers. April 25 June 4 Discussion Wel coming rem a rk s Closing: Samuel Huntington Jorge Domínguez,Clarence Dillon Profes s o r of Int erna ti o nal Aff a i rs , Har var d The Harvard Academy for International and Uni versi t y, and Dir ector, Wea t h e rhe a d Area Studies notes with gratitude the sources Cent er for International Affairs; Timothy of financial su pport that have made this Snyder,Postdoctoral Fellow, Harvard symposium possible: Monitor Company, The Carthage Foundation, The John Templeton Aca demy for Int erna ti o nal and Area Stud i e s . Fou n d a ti on , The Sid n e y A. Swens r ud Fou n d a ti on , June 5 Max Thelen. Wel come and introdu cti o n Samuel P.Huntington,Albert J. B o rder Contro l , S t ate Powe r, a n d Weatherhead III University Professor, Economic Integ r at i o n : Pe r s p e c t i ve s and Peter Andreas,Postdoctoral Fellow, f rom Europe and North A m e r i c a Harvard Academy for International and June 4-6, 1 9 9 9 Area Studies. Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Panel I: Historical and Comparative P ROGRAM ON INTERNAT I O N A L Perspectives CONFLICT A N A LYSIS A N D John Torpey,Assistant Professor, R E S O L U T I O N Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine: “States and the The Program on Intern at i o n a l Conflict Analysis and Resolution Regulation of Migration in the The Program on International Conflict Twentieth Century North Atlantic World.” Analysis and Resolution (PICAR) works to Malcolm Anderson, Professor Emeritus, advance the understanding of international University of Edi n bu r gh : “The Tran s f ormatio n and interethnic conflicts, and to develop of Border Cont rol s : A Eur opean Precedent ? ” interactive, problem-solving processes that can be effective in managing or resolving such Peter And r eas ,Pos t doctoral Fello w, Har var d conflicts. Using a view of international conflict Aca demy for Int erna ti o nal and Area Stud i e s : as an intersoc i e tal as well as an interg overnm en t a l “F ortress Wes t : U.S . and Eur opean Border process, and a corresponding view of Cont rol s . ” diplomacy as a creative integration of official and unofficial efforts, PICAR members Vir ginie Gu i ra u don,Vis i t ing Scho l a r , research how democratization, pluralism, Cent er for Int erna ti o nal Stud i e s , Prin c eton and the building of civil society in multiethnic Uni versi t y; and Ga l lya Lah a v,Ass i s t a n t states will be enhanced if underlying sources Profes s o r, Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t , of conflict are discussed and addressed, both in Wes l e yan Uni versi t y:“S h o pping for current conflict resolution efforts and in Mig ra ti on Cont rol Allies and Venue s . ” setting up systems for managing conflicts in Discussant: Jorge Domínguez the future. PICAR is supported by a grant fr om Panel II: U.S. Border Controls the Wil liam and Flora Hewle tt Fou n d a ti o n. Chri s t ophe r Mit che ll, Profes s o r,Departmen t Program mem bers in 1998-99 inclu ded of Politics, New York University: “U.S. faculty members and doctoral students,all Border Control: The Case of Miami.” of whom are scholar-practitioners combining research and theory building with the practice Maria Elena Alcaraz,Counsellor for of third-party facilitation. In addition, PICAR Migration Affairs,Embassy of Mexico, maintained active contact with a growing Washington, D.C.: “The United States net w ork of forme r memb ers whose profes s i on a l Border Controls:A Mexican Perspective.” work has taken them to a variety of academic institutions and governmental or non- Joseph Nevins, Lecturer, Department governmental organizations in the United of Geography, University of California, States and abroad. Los Angeles: “Transnational Integration The primary area of practice for many and the Making and Breaking of the program members has been the Middle East. Ca l i forn i a - Mex i co Bo u n d a ry.” However, several other initiatives have been David Spener,Assistant Professor, developed by PICAR members, which include Department of Sociology and projects in Sri Lanka,the Balkans, Cyprus, Anthropology, Trinity University, San Northern Ireland,and Worcester, Antonio:“Reconstructing La Frontera.” Massachusetts. Program members were Discussant: John Coatsworth involved in a variety of continuing research
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 3 projects, falling into three main categories: (su c h as Pal e s t inian refu g ees , Isr aeli sett l em en t s , (1) evaluation of the effectiveness of conflict and the nature of the future relationship resolution interventions in protracted conflicts between the two political entities) that have and comparative study of different conflict been left to the final-status negotiations. This resolution models; (2) the role of different program continues to provide a model for the t h eoretical va ri a bl e s — su ch as co ll ective combination of scholarship with practice, of iden ti ty, power asym m etry, l e aders h i p, intervention methodology with policy analysis, religion, resource distribution, the teaching and of the skills of the conflict generalist with of history, decision-making structures,issue the insights of the regional specialist. The framing, perspective taking, developmental Israeli-Palestinian working group was capacities, and forgiveness—in the generation, supported by grants from the Ford and the perpetuation, and resolution of conflict; and CRB Foundations. (3) the interface between conflict resolution Su pported by a grant from the Un i ted efforts and human rights activities, as well as S t a tes In s ti tute of Pe ace , PI C A R’s Sri Lanka the more traditional governmental activities proj ect , co - d i rected by program mem bers of peacekeeping and peacemaking. Donna Hi cks and Wi lliam Wei s ber g, h a s Practice is at the core of PICAR activities. en tered into its third ye a r. The proj ect aims to It involves the design and implementation of bring toget h er mem bers of the Sinhalese and problem-solving workshops in which members Tamil com mu n i ties to discuss ways to initi a te of communities in conflict meet together for a nego ti a ted end to the con f l i ct . an intensive three-to-four day period to engage The Program hosted a seminar series on the in “joint thinking” about solutions to the theory and practice of international conflict proble ms that divid e them. Suc h joint thinking resolution. In addition,a number of research is promo t ed by the careful choi c e of pa r tic i p a n t s , seminars for scholar-practitioners in the field by a well-developed set of ground rules, and by were held over the course of the academic year. bringing the basic human needs of identity Program members also conducted a one and and sec u ri ty into the foreground of t h e one-half day seminar for the CFIA Fellows Program, focusing on the theory and practice political discussion. of interactive problem-solving as an unofficial PICAR workshops of 1998-99 included the approach to conflict analysis and resolution. Middle East project, co-chaired by PICAR F i n a lly, PICAR mem bers were invo lved in Director Herbert Kelman and Professor Nadim te ach i n g, c u rri c u lum devel opm en t , a n d Rouhana, which was a joint Israeli-Palestinian training activi ti e s , both loc a lly and working group composed of influential i n tern a ti on a lly. Donna Hi ck s and two other members of both communities, who met three PICAR co lleagues con du cted a simu l a ti on times in 1998-99: in London in April; in work s h op in Ca rt a gen a , Co l om bi a . Th e Southampton,England in July; and Istanbul, s eminar introdu ced PI C A R’s In teractive Turkey in November. Discussions were geared Problem - So l ving approach to conf l i c t res o l utio n toward the production of joint concept papers to a variety of politically influential journalists on the future relationship envisaged for the and po l i ticians in Co l om bi a . Donna Hi ck s two communities and the implications of this and her co lleague WilliamWeisberg also ta u gh t vision for resolving the difficult political issues a week - l o ng cou r se on conf l i c t res o l utio n for the In tern a ti onal In s ti tute for Po l i tical and Feb ru a ry 1 E con omic Studies in At h en s , Greece . “Preventive Action: A Real Thing or a PI C A R’s Di rector is Profe s s or Herbert C. Pipedream?” Raimo Väyrynen, Professor Kel m a n, D onna Hi cks is the Dep uty Di rector, of Government and International Studies, and Ursula Lei t z m a n n is the Staff As s i s t a n t . University of Notre Dame, Indiana. Seminar on Intern ational Conflict Feb ru a ry 22 Analysis and Resolution 1998-99 “The Irrelevancy of Conflict Resolution,” Co-Chairs: Nadim Rouhana and Donna Hicks Padraig O’Malley, Senior Fellow in the S eptem ber 14 McCormick Institute of Public Affairs, “Victims and Perpetrators: The Work University of Massachusetts,and Editor of of the Truth and Recon c i l i a ti on The New England Journal of Public Policy. Commission,” Nomfundo Walaza, Ma rch 8 Director, Trauma Centre for Survivors “Planning for Intervention,” Antonia of Violence and Torture, Capetown, Handler Chayes,Director and Senior South Africa. Advisor of Conflict Management Group, October 5 Adjunct Lecturer at the Kennedy School “The Transition from War to Peace: of Government, former Undersecretary Complexity of Decision Making in the of the United States Air Force. Israeli-Egyptian Case,” Yaacov Bar-Siman- Ma rch 29 Tov,Director, Davis Institute; Professor “The Better-Formed Conflict Story: at the Department of International Toward a Prescriptive Narrative Model,” Relations, Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Sara Cobb, Executive Director, Program October 26 on Negotiation, Harvard Law School. “Obstacles to Reconciliation in Bosnia April 19 and Herzegovina,” Charles Crawford, “L egacies of Truth and Memo ry: Mot h e rs Diplomat, Ambassador, British Embassy, of the Dis a p pea r ed and the Cha n gi n g Sarajevo. Pol i t ics of Arg enti n a , Chile and Gua t ema l a , ” Novem ber 16 Jenn i f er Schi rm e r, Lectur er in Soci a l “Cond i ti o n(s) of Pea ce, ” Em a nu e l Adle r, St udies and Ass oc i a t e at PONSACS Ass oc i a t e Profes s o r, Depa r tme nt of (P rogram on Nonvio l e nt San c tio ns and Int erna ti o nal Rela ti on s , Hebrew Uni versi t y, Cul tu r al Sur vival ) , Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er for Jerus a l em . Int erna ti o nal Aff a i rs , Har var d Uni versi t y. November 30 1998-99 PICAR Members “Voice, Loyalty, and Exit: NGOs, Herbert C. Kelman,Director, PICAR,and Humanitarian Assistance, and Complex Richard Clarke Cabot Professor of Social Emergencies,” Janice Stein,Harrowston Ethics, Harvard University Profes s o r of Conf l i c t Res o l ution , Uni versi t y of Toronto. Donna Hicks, Ph.D., Deputy Director, PICAR Eilleen Babbitt, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy,Tufts University
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 5 Rebecca Edelson Gil Bamford,Vic e Pres i d ent of Go vernm en t , Lau r a Kean e , Cons en s us Building Ins ti t ute (CBI) Industry Relations, Toyota Susan Korper Henry Jacoby, MIT Sloan School of Rhoda Margesson,The Fletcher School of Law Management and Diplomacy,Tufts University Willaim Moomaw,Tufts Fletcher School Winifred O’Toole, Ed.D., University of of Law and Diplomacy Massachusetts, Boston Richard Schmalensee, MIT Sloan School Nadim Rouhana,University of Massachusetts, of Management Boston De cem ber 14 Jeff Seul,J.D., Lecturer, Harvard Law School “Genetically Engineered Crops: Margaret Smith,The Fletcher School of Law Consequences for Sustainable Agriculture, and Diplomacy,Tufts University Poverty Alle via ti on , and Int erna ti o nal Trad e” Pamela Steiner, Ed. D. Sheldon Krimsky, Professor of Urban and Environmental Policy,Tufts University Rebecca Wolfe, Department of Psychology, Harvard University Robert Paarlberg, Professor of Political Science, Wellesley College, and I N T E R N ATIONAL ENVIRO N M E N TA L Weatherhead Center Faculty Associate A F FA I R S Calestous Juma, Joint Fellow at Belfer I n t e rn ational Env i ronmental A f f a i r s Center for Science and International S e m i n a r Affairs and the Center for International Together with Tufts University (Fletcher Development, Harvard University; and School International Environment and former Secretary of the Convention on Resources Policy Program and Tufts Institute Biological Diversity of the Environment) and MIT’s Center for Environmental Initiatives, the Weatherhead Richard Shears, Monsanto Center sponsored a monthly dinner seminar Ma rch 9 series. The seminars were designed to promote “International Trade and Environment: interaction among faculty and advanced Regimes in Conflict?” graduate students working in fields related to international and comparative environmental Joel Trachtman, Professor of policies, politics, and institutions across the International Law and Academic Dean, three campuses. MIT participated in planning Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy some of the events. The seminars were by Elizabeth DeSombre,Assistant Professor invitation, including a core group of of Government and Environmental participants along with those with specific Studies, Colby College,and Weatherhead interests in the topics of the seminar. Center Visiting Scholar Chair: Elizabeth R.DeSombre Lawrence Susskind, Professor, MIT, and Novem ber 24 Director, Consensus Building Institute “Corporate Responses to Climate Change” Luis Carranza Garcia,Head of focused on Japan’s expanding international Environmental Affairs, CEMEX role in the fields of development, energy, environmental protection, and security. April 20 Each year, the program hosts academics, “China and Climate Change” government officials, business people,and Elizabeth Economy, Deputy Director, journalists. Several advanced research Asia Studies, and Fellow for China, fellowships are awarded to scholarly applicants Council on Foreign Relations with outstanding research credentials. While in residence at Harvard for the academic year, Song Li, Program Officer, Global associates take part in the seminars, Environmental Facility (GEF), and roundtables,and other functions of the Professional Association for China’s program; attend classes and other activities in Environment (PACE) the Harvard community; present the results of Kenneth A. Oye,Director, MIT Center for their research in public panels; and prepare International Studies research reports that are published as the Occasional Papers of the Program on U.S.–Japan Peter Rogers, Gordon McKay Professor of Relations and distributed to policy-makers and Environmental Engineering,Harvard organizations around the world. Although University most associates are from Japan and the United States, the program has also included Abram Chayes,Harvard University Law individuals from a variety of East Asian and School European countries. During the academic year, the program JA PAN AND U. S . - JA PAN RELAT I O N S invites leading commentators on issues in U.S.-Japan relations and related topics to The Program on U.S.-Japan Relat i o n s speak at a weekly luncheon seminar series that The Program on U.S.–Japan Relations enables is open to the public. The seminars are outstanding scholars and practitioners to come typically attended by thirty to sixty faculty together at Harvard to conduct independent members, researchers, graduate students,and research on topics in contemporary bilateral undergraduates from Harvard University, MIT, relations and to participate in an ongoing the Fletcher School, and other neighboring dialogue on those topics with other members institutions, as well as interested members of of the Harvard University and greater the wider community. In 1998-99, the seminar Cambridge and Boston communities. The series featured a number of prominent program was founded in 1980 on the belief individuals, including: Yasushi Akashi, former that the United States and Japan have become under-secretary-general of the United Nations; so interdependent that the problems they face Chan Heng Chee, ambassador of the Republic urgently require cooperation. The program’s of Singapore; Joseph S. Nye,Jr., dean of the intellectual mandate has been broad since its John F. Kennedy School of Government; and inception and has included a full range of Yukio Matsuyama, honorary chair of the issues in bilateral relations, domestic problems Editorial Board of the Asahi Shinbun. that bear on Japan’s international behavior, The program annua l ly hono rs a Dis ti n g u i s h e d and Japan’s relations with the rest of the world. Visitor, who spends several days at Harvard to In the 1990s, much research and discussion has offer a luncheon seminar, speak at a dinner
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 7 held in his or her honor, and meet with October 8 students. In 1998-99,the program honored “The Asian Cri s i s : An Asian Vi ew,” Takie Sugiyama Lebra, professor emeritus of Shinji As a nu m a , Profe s s or of anthropology at the University of Hawaii. E con om i c s , Hi to t subashi Un ivers i ty. Professor Lebra spoke on women’s career strategies in Japan and differences between the October 13 Japanese and Western worldviews. “Japan’s Economic Policies and Financial Susan J.Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer Strategy: A U.S. Perspective,” Joseph E. Profes s o r of Japanese Pol i ti c s , was on leave Gagnon,Director, Office of Industrial dur ing the 1998-99 aca demic year but conti nu e s Nations and Global Analyses, Department to serve as director of the Program on U.S . - Ja p a n of the Treasury. Rela ti on s . Steven Vogel, assistant profes s o r in the October 15 Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t , was acting director “Cartels of the Mind: Japan’s Intellectual in Profes s o r Pharr’ s absence . Frank Schwartz, Cl o s ed Shop,” Ivan Ha ll,Hi s tori a n , the program ’s associ a t e director, was ably assisted Form er Profe s s or, Fac u l ty of L aw, by Program Coordi n a t or Jana Van der Veer, an d Gu k u s huin Un ivers i ty of To kyo. St a f f Ass i s t a n t s Fateh Khalsa and Ken Marden. October 20 U.S.-Japan Seminar Series “Northeast Asian Security: Is KEDO Chair: Steven Vogel the Key?” Desaix Anderson, Executive S eptem ber 15 Director, Korean Peninsula Energy “Japan’s Growing (Shrinking?) Role on the Development Organization (KEDO) World Stage,” Yasushi Akashi, President, (co-sponsored by the Asia Center). Hiroshima Peace Institute, and former Under-Secretary-General, United Nations October 26 (co-sponsored by the Fellows Program). “How to Grasp Today’s Politics in Japan,” Akikazu Hashimoto, Professor, National S eptem ber 22 Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. “The Malaise of Incrementalism: Why Hasn’t Japan Been Able to Overcome its October 27 Financial Crisis?” Mineko Sasaki-Smith, Distinguished Visitor Lecture: “Making former chief economist and director, a Career in the World of Men: Women’s Credit Suisse First Boston (Japan). St rat egies in Jap a n , ” Takie Sug iya ma Lebra, Profes s o r Emerit us of Ant h r opol o gy, S eptem ber 29 University of Hawaii, (co-sponsored by “Deregulation and Financial Reform: How the Edwin O. Reischauer Institute for Will They Affect Japanese Companies?” Japanese Studies). Hiroya Ichikawa, Professor of Economics, Sophia University. October 30 “Japan’s Banking Reform: Will It Be in October 1 Time?” Yoko Sazanami, Former Chair, Special Series on Common Problems of the Financial Crisis Management Committee Trilateral Democracies: “Japanese Elections and Professor Emeritus, Keio University. in the 1990s: Society, Culture, and Political Judgment,” Bradley Richardson, Professor Novem ber 5 of Political Science, Ohio State University. “Markets and People Power versus Mandarins and Party Bosses: Strains Within the Japanese System,” Jacob Ezra F.Vogel,Director, Asia Center, Schlesinger, Staff Reporter, The Wall discussant. Street Journal, and author of Shadow Feb ru a ry 11 Shoguns: The Rise and Fall of Japan’s “D ivid ed Governm e nt in Jap a n : How Do Postwar Political Machine. Recent Pol i t ical Develo pme nts Advan c e Novem ber 10 Po l i tical Stu d i e s ? ” Ma s a ru Ko h n o, “What is the Nature of the ‘Japan Crisis’? As s oc i a te Profe s s or, S ch ool of Can the Japanese Polity Resolve It? A International Politics, Economics, and Vie w from the Persp ective of Ins ti t ution a l Business, Aoyama Gakuin University. Complementarities,” Masahiko Aoki, Feb ru a ry 16 Takahashi Professor of Japanese Studies “Restoring Japan’s Economic Growth,” and Professor of Economics,Stanford Adam Posen, Senior Fellow, Institute University; and Director General, for International Economics. Research Institute, MITI. Feb ru a ry 23 Novem ber 17 Special Series on Common Problems of the “Peace and Security in the Asia Pacific: Trilateral Democracies: “Trust and Social Looking Toward the 21st Century,” Intelligence in the United States and AkikoYamanaka,Diet House of Japan,” Toshio Yamagishi, Professor, Representatives, (co-sponsored by the Faculty of Letters, Hokkaido University. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies). Ma rch 2 Novem ber 24 “Inter-Institutional Governance: Can “The Po l i tics of Decen tra l i z a ti on Japan Construct a Reliable Financial Reform in Japan in the 1990s,” System?” Yasunori Sone, Professor, Mi chio Mu ra m a t su, Profe s s or of Graduate School of Media and Po l i tical Scien ce , Kyo to Un ivers i ty. Governance, Keio University. De cem ber 3 Ma rch 4 “Facing the Next Century: Issues in “The Two Faces of the Asian Crisis,” Linda Southeast Asia,” Chan Heng Chee, Weiss,Associate Professor in Comparative Ambassador of the Republic of Singapore. Politics, University of Sydney. De cem ber 8 Ma rch 9 Special Series on Common Problems of the Special Series on Common Problems of the Trilateral Democracies: “Expansion or Trilateral Democracies: “The Evolution of Retrenchment? Welfare Politics in the Employment Systems in the United States 1990s,” Margarita Estévez-Abe,Assistant and Japan,1900-1960: Comparative Professor of Political Science, University Historical and Institutional Analysis,” of Minnesota. Chiaki Moriguchi,Assistant Professor, Harvard Business School. Feb ru a ry 9 “The Rise of Chinese Power and East Ma rch 16 Asian Security,” Joseph S. Nye,Jr., Dean, “Things We Know That Ain’t So: A John F. Kennedy School of Government; Reconsideration of American Failure
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 3 9 and Japanese Success in Consumer Tokyo Electric Power Company. Electronics,” Jeff Bernstein, Advanced “Structural Reform in the Tele- Research Fellow, Program on U.S.-Japan communications Industry,” Shin’ichi Relations. Watanabe,Ministry of Posts and Ma rch 25 Telecommunications. “The Multilateralization of U.S.-Japan Discussant: Anthony Oettinger, Professor, Trade Conflicts,” Amy Searight, Advanced Division of Engineering and Applied Research Fellow, Program on U.S.-Japan Sciences, Harvard University. Relations. April 27 April 6 The Evolving Roles of Bureaucracy and Asia-Pacific Security Reconsidered Business in Japan Panel: Panel: “Next Steps: American Policy Toward “Recent Administrative Reforms and China,” Tomoyoshi Isogawa, Asahi Their Impact on MITI Policy,” Kimihide Shimbun. Namura,Ministry of International Trade “Security in the Asia-Pacific Region: The and Industry. Emerging Role of the ASEAN Regional “The Direction of Deregulation of Japan’s Forum,” Kazuhiko Matsui, Diet House Energy Industry,” Shinya Nishigata,Tokyo of Councillors. Gas Company. “The Threat of Attack on Information “The Social Res p ons i bi l i t y of Corporati on s Systems,” Makoto Kawano,National in the United States and Japan,” Mas a to s h i Police Agency. Tag u ch i , Idemitsu Kosan Company. Discussant: Evan Feigenbaum, Lecturer, Discussant: Steven Vogel, Assistant Kennedy School of Government. Professor, Department of Government. April 15 April 29 “Wh i t h er Japan? Eva lu a ting the Obu ch i “Update from Tokyo: Failing Policies Ad m i n i s tra ti on ,” Yukio Ma t suy a m a, and Fading Parties,” Tetsundo Iwakuni, Hon ora ry Ch a i r, E d i torial Boa rd , Representative, Diet House of Asahi Sh i m bu n . Representatives. April 20 May 4 Japan’s Emerging Information Society Contemporary Japanese Fiscal Policy Panel: Panel: “Developing an Information-Intensive “A Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Society,” Masashi Kumagae,Japan Japanese Monetary Policies in the 1990s,” Develo pme nt Ban k . Kazuhiko Inaba,Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation. “I s the Standardi z a ti o n of Corporate Data a Necessary Goal? Remaining Problems in “Internationalization of the Yen,” Junya the Information Age,” Masao Kawachi, Onishi, Ministry of Finance. Discussant: Phil Wellons, Deputy Director, Margarita Estévez-Abe Program on International Financial “Multiple Logics of Welfare Politics: Social Systems, Harvard Law School. Policy Legislation in Japan in the 1990s” May 6 Kazuhiko Inaba “The China-United States-Japan Triangle “Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Japanese in the 21st Century,” Shen Guofang, Monetary Policy” Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Tomoyoshi Isogawa Representative of the People’s Republic “Next Steps: American Policy Toward China” of China to the UN. Masao Kawachi “Is Standardization of Corporate Data a Final A s s o c i ates of The Program on U. S . - Goal? Remaining Problems in the Information Japan Relat i o n s Age from the Corporate Finance Perspective” Jeffrey Bernstein,Harvard University Makoto Kawano Margarita Estévez-Abe,University of “The Targets of U.S. Japanese Intelligence After Minnesota the Cold War” Kazuhiko Inaba,Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Masashi Kumagae Company “A Comparative Study of Informatization in Tomoyoshi Isogawa, Asahi Shinbun the United States and Japan” Masao Kawachi,Tokyo Electric Power Kazuhiko Matsui Company “Security in the Asia-Pacific: The Emerging Makoto Kawano,National Police Agency Role of the ASEAN Regional Forum” Masashi Kumagae,Japan Development Bank Kazuhiko Matsui,Research Committee on Kimihide Namura International Affairs, Diet House of “Hashimoto’s Administrative Reforms in Councillors Japan and Their Impact on MITI Policy” Kimihide Namura,Ministry of International Shinya Nishigata Trade and Industry “Cost Reduction in Transmission and Shinya Nishigata,Tokyo Gas Company Distribution:A Key Issue for Liberalization Junya Onishi,Ministry of Finance of the Power Market” Mineko Sasaki-Smith, Credit Suisse First Junya Onishi Boston (Japan) “Should the Current Arguments on Amy Searight, Stanford University the Internationalization of the Yen Be Yasunori Sone, Keio University Reconsidered?” Masatoshi Taguchi, Idemitsu Kosan Company Mineko Sasaki-Smith Shin’ichi Watanabe,Ministry of Posts and “Japan’s Financial Malaise: Review and Telecommunications Criti q ue of the Litera tu re on Causes and Cure s ” Occasional Paper Series Amy Searight Jeffrey Bernstein “Compliance from Within: MITI’s Transition “Engine of Growth or Symbol of Success? and Japan’s Changing GATT Behavior” Exporting and Productivity in Japanese Yasunori Sone Industry” “Party Coalitions and Voters’ Nonpartisanship”
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 Masatoshi Taguchi October 22 “The Social Responsibility of Corporations” “The Turkish-Israeli Alliance and Its Shin’ichi Watanabe Regional Implications,” Alon Liel,Chargé “Competitive Local Telecommunications d’Affaires of Israel to Turkey, 1981-1983. Markets and Universal Service Support” Novem ber 5 “Egypt’s Current Challenges,” Michael MIDDLE EAST Bell, Former Ambassador of Canada to M i ddle East Seminar Egypt, Israel, and Jordan; Weatherhead The Center’s Middle East Seminar is co- Center Fellow. sponsored by the Center for Middle Eastern Novem ber 19 Studies and has been chaired for over twenty “Buying Peace? Donors in the Oslo and years by Herbert C. Kelman,Richard Clarke Dayton Accords,” Rick Hooper and Mark Cabot Professor of Social Ethics. Since 1996, Taylor, World Bank. the seminar has been co-chaired by Professor Lenore G. Martin and Dr. Sara Roy, along De cem ber 3 with Professor Kelman. Of the thirteen “The Wye Agreement and the Peace sessions in 1998-99,several dealt with the Process: Where To?” Michael Bell, Former Israeli-Palestinian peace process, including the Ambassador of Canada to Egypt, Israel, role of the U.S., the EU, and the World Bank. and Jordan, and Weatherhead Center Others dealt with the internal politics and/or Fellow; Souad Dajani,Visiting Professor, foreign affairs of Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Tufts University; Yitzhak Levanon, Lebanon, Turkey, and the West Bank and Gaza. Consul General of Israel; Ariel Merari, These activities were funded by the Director, Political Violence Research Unit Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and Associate Professor of Psychology, Tel and the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Aviv University, and Senior Fellow, the The related research activities of Professor International Security Program, Kennedy Kelman, in collaboration with Professor School of Government; Hassan Abdul Nadim Rouhana, Dr. Donna Hicks, and others are described in the section on International Rah m a n ,Chi e f PL O & PNA Repres en t a t ive Conflict Analysis and Resolution. in Washington, D.C. (co-sponsored by the Co-Chairs: Herbert C. Kelman, Lenore G. Fellows Program). Martin, and Sara Roy Feb ru a ry 11 S eptem ber 24 “Routinization of Politics in Postwar “The Mystery of Iran’s Elections,” Lebanon: The Case of Hizballah,” Houchang Chehabi, Professor of Augustus Richard Norton, Professor International Relations and History, of International Relations and Boston University. Anthropology, Boston University. October 8 Feb ru a ry 18 “F i ve Yea r s Aft er Oslo: What is Next ? ” “Turkey: The Challenge of Democracy,” Nasir Aru ri, E m eri tus Profe s s or Nicole Pope, Author, Turkey Unveiled, and of Po l i tical Scien ce , Un ivers i ty of Correspondent, Le Monde. Ma s s achu s et t s , D a rtm o ut h . Ma rch 11 upon cooperation and obedience, and that “Jordan after Hussein,” Lamis Andoni, each can be withdrawn. Middle East Journalist and Policy Analyst. PONSACS combines a quantitative Ma rch 25 approach through the PANDA (Protocol for the Assessment of Nonviolent Direct Action) “The E.U. and the Peace Process,” Peter protocol, an automated early warning system, Ford, British Ambassador-Designate to with on-the-ground research of conflict Bahrain; Head, Near East and North regions provided by anthropological insights. Africa Department, Foreign and These two strands of research work to identify Commonwealth Office, London. conflict regions before they erupt into April 8 vio l en c e and to actively promo t e nonviolen t “Prospects for Advancing the Peace alternatives to armed conflict. Process in 1999: The Administration’s Program res e a r ch speci a l i z es on conf l i ct s View,” Jacob Walles,Director of the betw een cultura l ly distin c t groups in situa ti on s Office of Israel and Arab-Israeli Affairs, of sh a r p struc tu ra lly asymm e try with emph a s i s U.S. Department of State. on disputes over land and natu ral re s o u rce s and indigenous ri gh t s . Program affiliates are April 15 c u rren t ly invo lved in re s e a rch on Co l om bi a , “Soc i ety and Po l i tics in Is rael ,” L i l y E c u ador, the Galapagos Is l a n d s , Gu a tem a l a , G a l i l i,Co lumnist for Ha’ a ret z a n d and Ni c a ra g u a , as well as social movem ents Ni eman Fell ow, Ha rva rd Un ivers i ty. in Af rica and As i a . April 29 P O N S ACS also hosts the Oil in Fra gi l e “Human Rights in the West Bank and Environments Dialogues, bringing together Gaza,” Shawqi Issa, Executive Director of oil com p a n i e s , i n d i genous or ga n i z a ti on s , The Law Society (The Palestinian Society and environmental NGOs to discuss the social for the Protection of Human Rights and and environmental impact of oil exploration the Environment), and Fellow at Harvard in Latin America. The dialogues are facilitated Law School’s Human Rights Program. by Ted Macdonald. PONSACS hosted three dialogues during the 1998-99 year. NONVIOLENT SANCTIONS A N D The PANDA project,headed by Doug C U LTURAL SURV I VA L Bond, is designed to illuminate the rich domain of conflict interactions where P rogram on Nonviolent Sanctions physical and coercive force is not employed, and Cultural Surv i val (PONSACS) even as accommodative exchanges are ruled The Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and out. Such nonviolent direct action is no less Cultural Survival (PONSACS) studies intense than violent direct action; and, like situations of conflict in order to better violence, nonviolent direct action does not understand their nature and the capabilities offer any promise of success in the service of of nonviolent actions in support of human its diverse causes. We suggest,however, that rights and civil liberties. The program’s by monitoring and examining interaction rationale is based on the simple premise events with a “data lens” that is sensitive to about the nature of political power—that nonviolent direct action (such as the PANDA it is rooted in and continually dependent protocol), we can track and compare the
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 4 3 evolution of conflict manifest in both violent CEO of Ba n co Con ti n en t a l , Gu aya q i l , and nonviolent behaviors. Ultimately, we Ecuador; WCFIA Fellow (co-sponsored seek to empirically assess the potential and by the Fell ows Progra m ) . limits of nonviolent direct action as a April 7 functional substitute for the use of physical “Power, Fear and Ethnicity in Bosnia- force or violence in conflict interactions. Hercegovina,” Tone Bringa, Permanent Seminar on Ethnicity, C u l t u re , a n d Lectu rer, Dep artm ent of Soc i a l C h a n g e Anthropology, University of Bergen, Chair: David Maybury-Lewis Norway; and author, Being Muslim Du ring the ac ademic year 1998-1999, t h e the Bosnian Way. Program on Nonvi o l ent Sa n cti ons and April 14 Cul tu r al Sur vival hosted a seminar series tit l ed , “Semi n a r s on Eth n i c i t y, Conf l i ct , and Cha n ge . ” “Sustainable Regional Resource The series reflects the program’s ongoing Management:A Study of Conflict research and other activities into specific or Res o l utio n in an Area of Tran s n a ti on a l anticipated conflicts. The seminar provides Devel opm en t ,” D avid Bark i n, an opportunity to publicly review and critique Professor of Economics, Universidad some of PONSACS’s current activities and Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City. research initiatives. April 15 The seminar’s primary focus rests on the “ Futu re Ch a ll en ges of Com p l ex concerns,needs, expectations, goals,and Hum a n i t a r ian Emerg enc i e s : Inf orma ti o n methods of the structurally weaker actors Tech n o l ogies and Le s s ons Le a rn ed ,” involved in conflict. Other topics included Frederic k Burk l e , Cent er for Excellen ce , ethnicity in Europe, NGOs and humanitarian University of Hawaii. emergencies, and environmental management. Feb ru a ry 3 PONSACS A f f i l i at e s “The New Ethnicity in Europe,” Fredrik S. James Anaya, Program Affiliate Barth, Professor of Anthropology, Boston Douglas Bond,Associate Director University and University of Oslo. Joseph Bond, Center Associate Gernot Brodnig, Center Associate Feb ru a ry 17 Lucia Clark, Graduate Student Affiliate “Appropriating the Indigenous: The David Edeli,Undergraduate Affiliate Guatemalan Military and the Maya,” Bret Gustafson, Graduate Student Affiliate Jennifer Schirmer, Lecturer on Social Douglas Imig, Program Affiliate Studies, Harvard University and Theodore Macdonald,Associate Director Weatherhead Center Associate, PONSACS. David Maybury-Lewis,Director Ma rch 24 Ian McIntosh, Program Affiliate “ E n tering the Po l i tical Arena thro u gh Churl Oh,Research Affiliate the Front Door: Indians, Pluriculturalism Jennifer Schirmer, Center Associate and Pach ac utik in Ecuador,” Jorge Kurt Schock,Visiting Scholar G a ll a rdo Zava l a, Form er Finance Jayson Silva,Research Affiliate Mi n i s ter and Form er Pre s i dent and PERFORMANCE OF DEMOCRACIES “Ethnic Nationalism in Russia,” Dmitry Gorenburg R e s e a rch Workshop on the Discussant: Suzanne Ogden Performance of Democracies The Performa n c e of Democ r acy Works h o p, October 7 now in its sixth year, is a year-long research “The Politics of Gender, the Law and the workshop for Harvard doctoral students in the Church in Democratizing Latin America,” social sciences (although students from other Mala Htun area schools also participate if space permits). Discussant: Rafael de la Dehesa Papers presented in the workshop deal with “Free Politics and Free Markets in Latin is s ues dealing with the cha ll en g es of democ r acy and democratization. The workshop was led America,” Jorge Domínguez this year by Robert Putnam, Grzegorz Ekiert, Discussant: David Deese and Steven Vogel. October 14 Supported initially by a grant from the “Gray Areas: Financing the Private Sector Mello n Fou n d a ti on , the seminar was develo ped in China,” Kellee Tsai under the leadership of Robert Putnam when Discussant: Istvan Majoros he was director of the Center. It is overseen by an Executive Committee consisting of “The Pat t erns of Pos t comm unist Tran s i ti on : Jorge Dom í n g u ez, Gr zegorz Ekiert, S a mu el Democ r acy and Mar ket Econo my in Eastern Huntington, Susan Pharr, Robert Putnam, Eur ope, ” Grz egorz Ekiert Michael Sandel, and Theda Skocpol. Discussant: Cecilia Chessa The workshop provides a venue for October 21 graduate students in comparative and “Institutional Design and the Role of Ame ric a n politics to present draft dissertation History,” Alan Jacobs prospectuses and chapters, while other Discussant: Richard Simeon workshop participants serve as discussants. Faculty leading the workshop also present “Bowling Alone: Civic Disengagement research-in-progress,allowing graduate in America,” Robert D. Putnam students to engage with research that is not Discussant: David Campbell yet “ready for prime time.” Occasionally, other October 28 scholars are invited to present their research. “Why Coups Fail,” Naunihal Singh Over the last two years, such presenters have Discussant: Jeremy Weinstein included Torben Iversen, Sid Verba, Robert Bates, Thomas Ertman, and Ronald Ingl eh a r t. “Strategic Voting in Hungary,” S eptem ber 23 Endre Tvinnereim “Can In tern a ti onal In s ti tuti ons Us e Discussant: Christian Brunelli Mem bership Con d i ti on a l i ty to Novem ber 4 Ch a n ge State Beh avi or? The Case of “Religion and Volunteering in America,” Eu ro - At l a n tic In tegra ti on and Et h n i c David Campbell Po l i ti c s ,” Judith Kell ey Discussant: Naunihal Singh Discussant: Kristin Smith “Mixed Electoral Systems,” Regina Smyth Discussant: Endre Tvinnereim
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 4 5 Novem ber 18 Liberal Market Model?” Steven Vogel “Resisting Globalization? The Political Discussant: Naunihal Singh and Institutional Sources of Foreign Feb ru a ry 10 Dir ect Inve s tm ent Policy Reforms in Latin Roundtable discussion of strategies for America Since 1982,” Gabriel Aguilera writing grant proposals and performing Discussant: Judith Kelley field research, led by Professors Jorge “Islamic Capitalism,” Kristin Smith Domínguez, Robert Putnam, Grzegorz Discussant: Dmitry Gorenburg Ekiert, and Steven Vogel De cem ber 2 Feb ru a ry 17 “Queering Democracy in Latin America,” “The World’s Clepsydra and a Framework Rafael de la Dehesa for Understanding its Regional Discussant: Mala Htun Implications,” Christopher Kukk Discussant: Christian Brunelli “Domestic Factors, International Politics and the Evolution of International-Issue Feb ru a ry 24 NGOs: The Japan Case,” Kim Reimann “The Bonds of Community and the Discussant: Kellee Tsai Nerves of the State: Chinese Neigh b orho od Organizations,” Benjamin Read De cem ber 9 Discussant: Gabriel Aguilera “Abandoning the Polity: Political Parties and Social Capital in American Politics,” “The Political Economy of Foreign Jeremy Weinstein Direct Investment in Latin America,” Discussant: Alan Jacobs Gabriel Aguilera Discussant: Christopher Kukk “Politics and Economic Reform,” David Deese March 3 Discussant: Gabriel Aguilera “Welfare State Expansion: Globalization or Deindustrialization?” Torben Iversen De cem ber 16 Discussants: Endre Tvinnereim and “The State and Policing,” Christian David Deese Brunelli Discussant: Benjamin Read Ma rch 10 “Militaries, Modernization,and Gender “Corporatism and Civil Society,” Cecilia in the Southern Cone,” Mala Htun Chessa Discussant: Benjamin Read Discussant: Lily Tsai March 17 Feb ru a ry 3 “Dynamics of Social Capital,” Robert “From the Pews to the Polls and Beyond: D. Putnam Churches and Political Mobilization,” Discussant: Christian Brunelli David Campbell Ma rch 24 Discussant: Judith Kelley “Toward a Scientific Theory of Gay “The Crisis of German and Japanese Liberation,” Rafael de la Dehesa Capitalism: Stalled on The Road to The Discussant: Kim Reimann “International Influence on Party Hexing Shi Maturation in Southern and Eastern Discussant: Benjamin Read Europe,” Istvan Majoros “Strengths and Limitations of Track Two Discussant: Alan Jacobs Diplomacy in Northeast Asia: Between April 7 Theory and Practice,” Kim Beng Phar “Building Networks from the Outside In: Discussant: David Deese International Movements, Japanese NGOs and the Kyot o Cli m a t e Cha n g e Conf erence, ” List of Pa rt i c i p a n t s Kim Reim a n n Faculty: Discussant: Rafael de la Dehesa Robert D. Putnam, Stanford Professor of “Institutions and Minority Rights in Int erna ti o nal Pea ce, Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Grzegorz Ekiert, Professor of Goverment Europe,” Judith Kelley Steven Vogel,Associate Professor, Department Discussant: Istvan Majoros of Government April 14 G r a d u ate Students and Other “Islamizing the Economy: Sayyid Abul Pa rt i c i p ating Fa c u l t y : ‘Ala Mawdudi and Contemporary Islamic Gabriel Aguilera, Department of Government Economic Practice,” Kristin Smith Chri s t ian Brun e lli , Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Discussant: Christopher Kukk David Campbell, Department of Government “Representation through Reciprocity: Cecilia Chessa,James Conant Bryant Fellow, Local Governa n c e in Rur al Chi n a , ” Lily Tsa i Center for European Studies Discussant: Kim Pharr Raf a e l de la Dehe s a , Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t David Deese,Boston College and the April 21 Weatherhead Center “The Sources of Centralization and Dm i t ry Gorenbu r g, Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Decentralization in Federal States,” Mala Htun, Department of Government Endre Tvinnereim Alan Jacobs, Department of Government Discussant: Kristin Smith Judith Kelley, Kennedy School of Government April 28 Christopher Kukk, Belfer Fellow and Boston College “Investing Power: Explaining Time Istvan Majoros, Department of Government Horizons in Constitutional Design,” Suzanne Ogden,Fairbank Center and Alan Jacobs Northeastern University Discussant: Mala Htun Kim Beng Phar, Fletcher School of Law and “Spaces and Places, Norms and Networks: Diplomacy Native and Homeplace Associations,” Kim Reimann, Department of Government Christian Brunelli Ben Read, Department of Government Hexing Shi,Weatherhead Center and Peking Discussant: David Campbell University May 5 Richard Simeon, Department of Government “Beyond the High-Low Trust Dichotomy: and University of Toronto Understanding the Government-Citizen Naunihal Singh, Department of Government Relationship in Contemporary China,” Kristin Smith, Department of Government
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 4 7 Regina Smyth, Department of Government Department of Government, Harvard and Pennsylvania State University University. Yasunori Sone,Weatherhead Center and Keio De cem ber 9 (Ha rva rd ) University “The Asian Crisis in Indonesia.” Kelle e Tsa i ,Har var d Aca demy for Int erna ti on a l and Area Studies and Colu m b ia Uni versi t y Panel arranged by John Harris, Lily Tsa i , Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Department of Economics, Boston En d r e Tvin n e reim , Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t University. Jeremy Wein s t ein , Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Feb ru a ry 10 (MIT) “Terrorism as a Transnational Actor,” P O L I T I CAL DEVELOPMENT Louise Richardson, Department of H a rva rd/MIT Joint Seminar on Government, Harvard University. Political Deve l o p m e n t Ma rch 17 (Ha rva rd ) For the thirty-fifth consecutive year,Harvard’s “The End of Transition in China,” Ed Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Steinfeld,Sloan School of Management, and the Center for International Studies at the MIT. Massachusetts Institute of Technology have co-sponsored the Joint Seminar on Political April 14 (MIT) Development (JOSPOD). Alternating between “Civil Society and the Islamic State in Harvard and MIT, the seminar series met six Iran,” Houchang Chehabi, Department of Wednesday evenings throughout the academic International Relations, Boston University. year to bring togeth e r scho l a r s and practiti on e rs of political development,mainly from the P O L I T I CAL ECONOMY Boston area. In 1998-99 scholars discussed and debated the theme, “The State Under Faculty Discussion Group on Po l i t i c a l Siege: At Home and From Abroad.” Each E c o n o my meeting began with a presentation by an This grou p , begun by Profes s o r Jeff r y Frie den invited speaker or panel of speakers on a topic in 1995, conti nu e d to meet week l y throu gh o u t related to the general theme of the year. An the ye a r, d rawing fac u l ty from Ha rva rd ’s ho u r- l o ng discussion foll o wed each pres en t a ti on . government and economics departments, The seminar was co-chaired by Professors the Harvard Law School, the Kennedy School Jorge I.Domínguez (Harvard) and Myron of Government, and from other Boston area Weiner (MIT). Kathleen O’Neill served as academic institutions. Each week the group executive secretary. discussed a previously distributed paper to Chairs: Jorge I.Domínguez (Weatherhead h elp fo s ter an atm o s ph ere of s ch o l a rly Center) and Myron Weiner (MIT) i n terch a n ge on a wi de ra n ge of su bj ect s related to political economy. October 7 (Ha rva rd ) “Conflict in Africa,” Robert Bates, R e s e a rch Group on the Po l i t i c a l Department of Government, Harvard E c o n o my of European Integ r at i o n University. ( P E E I ) Novem ber 18 (MIT) The Research Group on the Political Economy of European Integration is a joint activity of “International Financial Institutions: the Weatherhead Center and the Center for Besiegers or Beseechers?” Devesh Kapur, German and European Studies (CGES) of the “Comparative Politics and Public Finance,” University of California. Two meetings were Gerard Roland, Center for Advanced Study held this year, one on November 6, 1998 in in the Behavioral Sciences (joint work with Cambridge and the other on March 5, 1999 in T. Persson and G. Tabellini). Berkeley. Additional meetings are planned for “Mobile Capital, Domestic Institutions, and 1999-2000. Electorally-Induced Monetary and Fiscal Organizers: Jeffry Frieden, Andrew Rose, and Policy,” William Clark, Princeton University Barry Eichengreen (joint work with Mark Hallerberg). Novem ber 6 “Fiscal Requirements for an Independent Cambridge, Massachusetts Central Bank,” Matthew Canzoneri, Georgetown University. “Eastern Enlargement: Challenges and Prospects,” Richard Baldwin, Economics, PEEI Pa rt i c i p a n t s , 1998-1999 Graduate Institute of International Studies, Alberto Alesina, Economics and Government, Geneva. Harvard “Self-Enforcing Federalism: Solving the Two Richard Baldwin, Economics,GSIS (Geneva) Fundamental Dilemmas,” Rui de Figueiredo, Alessandra Casella, Economics, Columbia Haas School of Business,UC Berkeley; and Matthew Canzoneri, Economics,Georgetown Barry Weingast, Political Science,Stanford William Clark,Political Science,Georgia Tech University. Paul de Grauwe, Economics, University of Leuven “Decision Rules in the European Central Bank Jorge Domínguez, Government, Harvard and Monetary Stability,” (co-authored with Barry Eichengreen, Economics and Political Hans Dewachter and Dirk Veestraeten), Paul Science,UC Berkeley de Grauwe, Economics, University of Leuven. Rui de Figueiredo, School of Business,UC “Global Capital, Democracy, and the Welfare Berkeley State: Why Political Institutions are So Michele Fratianni,Business Economics, Significant in Shaping the Domestic Response Indiana to Internationalization,” Duane Swank, Jeffry Frieden, Government, Harvard Political Science, Marquette University. Matthew Gabel,Political Science, Michigan R o u n d t a ble Discussion: “ W h at to Geoffrey Garrett,Political Science, Yale Expect 1999-2002?” Miriam Golden,Political Science,UCLA Participants: Peter Hall, Government, Harvard Peter Hall, Government, Harvard University; Peter Kenen, Economics, Princeton Mich a e l Hutchi s o n, Ec onom i c s , UC Santa Cruz University; Jean Pisani-Ferry, French Treasury. Torben Iversen, Government, Harvard Olivier Jeanne, Economics,UC Berkeley (and Ma rch 5 CERAS, Paris) Sponsored by the Center for German and Miles Kahler, School of International Eur opean Stud i e s , Uni versi t y of Cal i f orni a , Relations,UC San Diego Berkeley, and the Weatherhead Center for Peter Kenen, Economics, Princeton International Affairs, Harvard University. Kenneth Kletzer, Economics, UC Santa Cruz “Divided Opinion, Common Currency:The Luisa Lambertini, Economics,UCLA Pol i t ical Econo my of Pub lic Sup port for EMU,” Peter Lange,Political Science, Duke Matthew Gabel, University of Kentucky. Jonah Levy,Political Science, UC Berkeley
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 4 9 Lisa Martin, Government, Harvard a semester, graduate students and faculty Helen Milner,Political Science, Columbia presented their work to each other. At the Andrew Moravcsik, Government, Harvard external meetings, three or four a semester, Roberto Perotti, Economics, Columbia we invited leading scholars in political Jean Pisani-Ferry, French Treasury economy to Harvard to present their work Dani Rodrik, Kennedy School of Government, to the workshop and to others that attended Harvard the public sem i n a rs . Funding from the Ronald Rogowski,Political Science,UCLA We a t h erh e ad Cen ter su pported travel , Andrew Rose, School of Business, UC Berkeley lodging, and other expenses associated with Beth Simmons,Political Science, UC Berkeley George Tsebelis,Political Science,UCLA these public seminars Lloyd Ulman, Economics,UC Berkeley S eptem ber 23 Michael Wallerstein,Political Science, Junko Kato,University of Tokyo, “The Northwestern Funding Basis of the Welfare State: Theory Carl Walsh, Economics, UC Santa Cruz and Comparative Empirical Analysis” Holger Wolf, Economics, Georgetown Discussant: James Alt October 7 R e s e a rch Workshop on Po s i t i ve Jeffrey Milyo, Tufts University, “Income Political Economy Inequality and Health Status in the United The Research Workshop on Positive Political States: Evidence from the Current Population Economy is a year-long graduate seminar Survey” aimed at encouraging cross-disciplinary Discussant: Ellen Meara research and excellence in graduate training. October 14 Political economy is a research tradition that Thomas Willett,Claremont Graduate School, explores how political and economic outcomes “The Political Economy of International reflect choices constrained by institutions,as Discipline” well as the way in which specific institutions Discussant: Lucy Goodhart affect change more generally. October 21 The works h o p emph a s i z es the develo pmen t James Hona k er,Har var d Uni versi t y, “F or Tho s e of di s s e rta ti o n proposals and off ers a cons t ruc tive Who Like This Sort of Thi n g , This is the Sort of venue within which graduate students can Thing The y Like” Discussant: Micah Altman pre s ent their re s e a rch to an audien ce of committed and informed peers. It is open to William T.Bianco, Penn State University, graduate students from a variety of disciplines Visiting Professor Harvard University, “The (e.g., government, economics, the Program in Rational Actor Meets the Motivated Tactician: Presentation and Impression Formation in Political Economy and Government). Political Campaigns” Fac u l ty mem bers parti c i p a ting in Discussant: Jeffrey Milyo 1998-99 were James Al t, Robert Bate s, October 28 Wi lliam Bi a n co, Lawren ce Broz, Ma rc James Alt ,Har var d Uni versi t y,“A Dyn a m i c Bu s ch, and Jonathan Na gl er. Model of State Budget Outcomes Under The workshop held both internal and Divided Partisan Government” external (public) seminars and meetings. At Discussant: Suzanna DeBoef the internal meetings, approximately ten Novem ber 4 Feb ru a ry 10 Alastair Smi t h , Yale Uni versi t y,“An Ins ti t ution a l James M. Snyder, Jr., Massachusetts Institute Explanation of Politics: Policy Performance, of Technology, “Candidate Positioning in the Tenu re of Le aders and Endogen o u s Congressional Elections” Institutional Change” Discussant: Gregory Wawro Discussant: Gregory Wawro Feb ru a ry 17 Novem ber 11 William T.Bianco, Penn State University, Alison Alter,Harvard University, “Multiple Visiting Professor Harvard University, “Party Referral and the German Bundesrat” Campaign Committees and the Distribution of Michael McDonald,University of California, Tally Program Funds: Recycling Contributions San Diego and the Harvard-MIT Data Center, or Winning Elections?” “Redistricting,Dealignment, and the Political Discussant: Gregory Wawro Homogenization of Congressional Districts” Feb ru a ry 24 Discussant: Jonathan Nagler Suzanna DeBoef, Penn State University; Novem ber 18 and Jonathan Nagler, UC Riverside, Visiting Lawrence Broz,Harvard University, Professor Harvard University, “Economic “International Capital Mobility and Monetary Voting: Enlightened Self-Interest, Economic Politics in the U.S. Congress, 1960-1997.” Referenc e Grou p s , and the Blue - Co l lar Par adox” Discussant: Ken Scheve Discussant: Jasjeet Sekhon Jonathan Nagler,University of California, James Hona k er,Har var d Uni versi t y,“A Downs i a n Rivers i de ; Vi s i ting Profe s s or Ha rva rd Model of Long Standing Legis l a t ive Maj o riti e s . ” University, “Economic and Issue Voting in Discussant: Michael McDonald Several Countries” Ma rch 3 Discussant: Alejandro Poiré Reza Baqir,Uni versi t y of Cal i f ornia at Berkele y De cem ber 2 and MIT,“Di s t ri ct s ,S p i ll overs, and Governm en t John Vincent Nye,Washington University in Oversp end i n g ” St. Louis, “War,Wine,and Taxes: The Political Discussant: James Alt Economy of Anglo-French Trade” Jan Teorell,University of Uppsala, Sweden, Discussant: Marc Busch “Measuring Political Equality: Some De cem ber 9 Methodological Problems in the Study Alejandro Poiré,Harvard University, “He’s of Groups and Political Participation” Making a List, He’s Checking it Twice... A Discussant: Lucy Goodhart Model of Party Discipline and Nomination Ma rch 10 Procedures” Alison Alter,Harvard University, “Multiple Discussant: James Honaker Referral and the German Bundesrat (second Eric S.Dickson,Harvard University, “Non- installment)” Markovian Dynamics in Evolutionary Games” Discussant: James Honaker Discussant: Edward Schwartz Jennifer Willette,University of California De cem ber 16 at Riverside,“Economic Perceptions and Information in a Heterogeneous Electorate” Andrei Shleifer,Harvard University, Discussant: Jonathan Nagler “The Quality of Government” Discussant: John de Figueiredo
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 1 Ma rch 17 and Lending in Global Capital Markets.” Gregory Wawro,Columbia University, Discussant: Lawrence Broz “A Dynamic Panel Analysis of Campaign Contributions in Elections for the U.S. REFORMING THE WELFARE STAT E House of Representatives.” Discussant: William Bianco Seminar on Comparat i ve Issues of Ma rch 24 Reforming the We l f a re Stat e Wendy Hansen,University of New Mexico, Under pressure from aging populations, “Modes of Political Activity: Domestic and changing family structures and rising Foreign Corporations in National Politics.” unemployment and inequality, the reform Discussant: Marc Busch of welfare state institutions is on the agenda throughout the world. This seminar sought April 7 to bring a comparative and interdisciplinary Kenneth Scheve,Harvard University, “Labor- approach to the study of reforms and reform Market Competition and Immigration options. To this end, the organizers sought to Opinion in France and the United States.” assemble an interdisciplinary group of faculty Discussant: Alejandro Poiré and students for weekly paper presentations Lucy Goodhart,Harvard University,“Political and discussions. The presenters were asked to Institutions and Monetary Policy.” speak for about an hour, leaving ample time Discussant: Reza Baqir for a roundtable discussion. April 14 The seminar, which had also met during the Mat h e w D.McCu bb i n s ,Uni versi t y of spring semester of 1998,was well attended and Cal i f orni a , San Die go,“Go vernm e nt Res p onse to generated an ongoing dialogue between the Ini ti a t ives and Man d a te s . ” regular participants. The discussions also Discussant: William Bianco benefited from the occasional attendance of experts on particular aspects of the welfare April 21 state. The seminar concentrated this time on Michael Wallerstein, Northwestern University, three topics that have been receiving a great “Inequality and Redistribution.” deal of attention in recent years: pension Discussant: Kenneth Scheve reform, health system reform,and poverty April 28 alleviation. Although economists made up Marc Busch,Harvard University, “Overlapping the largest group at most sessions,the breadth Institutions and Global Commerce: Forum of discussions was greatly enhanced by the Shopping for Dispute Settlement in Canada- noneconomist perspectives that were brought U.S. Trade.” to the table,including the presentations of Discussant: Edward Schwartz sociologists Christopher Jencks and Lee Rory MacFarquhar,Harvard University, Rainwater, political scientist Joan Nelson, “Vertical Tax Competition in Russia.” and the philosopher Norman Daniels.The Discussant: Sasha Pivovarsky participation of Weatherhead Center affiliates enriched the discussions by giving the May 5 meetings a truly international focus. Andrew Sobel,Washington University in St. Co-chairs: János Kornai and John McHale Louis, “Can You Finance a Philippine Brothel with Russian Rubles? State Institutions, Risk, S eptem ber 16 Department of Sociology, Harvard University. “A Global Perspective on Social Security De cem ber 9 Reform,” Estelle James,Policy Research “Setting Limits to Health Care: Principles, Department, The World Bank (Lead author Process, and Legitimacy,” Norman Daniels, of the World Bank study, “Averting the Old Department of Philosophy, Tufts University Age Crisis”) December 16 September 23 “The Risk and Con s equ en ces of Soc i a l “Risk Adjustment and Other Problems in Sec u ri ty Ben efit Redu cti on s : An Managing Medicare,” Joseph Newhouse, In tern a ti onal Com p a ri s on ,” John John F. Kennedy School of Government Mc Ha l e, Dep a rtm ent of E con om i c s , S eptem ber 30 Ha rva rd Un ivers i ty “Reform of the Health Care System in China,” Karen Eggleston,John F. Kennedy School of SOUTH A S I A Government South Asia Seminar October 7 Established in 1989, the South Asia Seminar “H ow Should We Evalu a t e the War on Poverty? ” completed its tenth year in 1998-99. Since Chri s t ophe r Jenck s , John F. Kenn e dy Scho ol of Go vernm en t its inception, the seminar has had an inter- disciplinary orientation and has focused October 14 principally on three sets of issues: ethnic “Reforming Transfers versus Services: The and religious conflicts, economic reform, and Politics of Health and Pension System Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America,” Joan South Asian security. Scholars from the United Nelson, Overseas Development Council States, the United Kingdom, and South Asia, along with leading journalists,have presented October 21 t h eir work at the sem i n a r. In ad d i ti on , “What (if any) Advice Should the U.S. Government Offer Developing and Transition dignitaries have also addressed the seminar Economies About Pension Reform?” Clive periodically. Since 1993-94, graduate students Gray,Harvard Institute for International completing dissertation research on South Development Asia have also presented their work at the October 28 South Asia Seminar. “Social Security Reform,” Peter Diamond, The South Asia Seminar was funded by the Department of Economics,MIT Asia Center, the Weatherhead Center for Novem ber 4 International Affairs, and the Center for the “A Farewell to Welfare: The Next Challenges,” Study of World Religions. David Ellwood,John F. Kennedy School of Chairs: Devesh Kapur and Pratap Mehta Government S eptem ber 26 Novem ber 1 8 “Caste: A Systemic Change?” M.N. Srinivas, “Managed Care and the U.S. Medical Professor Emeritus, Delhi School of Economics Care System,” David Cutler, Department and Sociology. of Economics, Harvard University October 17 De cem ber 2 “The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan,” Tariq “Child Poverty and Income Packaging in Banuri, Research Advisor, Sustainable Europe and North America,” Lee Rainwater, Development Policy Institute, Islamabad; and
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 3 Chair, IUCN’s Commission on Environment, Ma rch 12 Economic and Social Policy. “The Hindutva Movement and the Lower October 16 Castes in India Today,” Christophe Jaffrelot, “Architecture and Social Change in India,” Research Fellow at CERI (Centre d’Etudes et Charles Correa, Architect, planner, activist and de Recherches Internationales) and Editor in theoretician. Chief of Critique Internationale. October 23 Ma rch 19 “The Sangha and State in Sri Lanka,”Leslie “Democratization and Political Parties in Gunawardana, Periiyar University. Nepal,” Dr. Karl Heinz Krämer, Department of Political Science of South Asia, South Asia October 27 Institute, University of Heidelberg, Germany. “Regional and Global Integration: A Bangladesh Perspective,” Moudud Ahmed, April 9 Senior Advocate, Supreme Court, and former “A Different Modernity: Colonialism, Prime Minister and Vice President of Nationalism and the Idea of India,” Gyan Bangladesh. Prakash,Associate Professor of History, Princeton University. October 30 “Trade Reform in South Asia and SAARC,” April 16 Arvind Panagariya, Professor of Economics, “The Essence of Democracy:The Conduct of University of Maryland. Elections in India,” Dr. M.S.Gill,Chief Novem ber 13 Election Commissioner, Government of India. “Reversing the Gaze: The Amar Singh Diary as Ethnography of Imperial India,” Susanne H. S T R ATEGIC STUDIES Rudolph,William Benton Distinguished JOHN M. OLIN INSTITUTE FOR Service Professor of Political Science, S T RATEGIC STUDIES University of Chicago; Lloyd Rudolph, The John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Professor of Political Science, University of Stu d i e s , fou n d ed Jul y 1, 1989 as an autonom o u s Chicago. entity within the Weatherhead Center for Novem ber 20 International Affairs, was the result of an “The Sacred and the Secular:Cleaning the expansion and institutionalization of the Ganges,” Veer Bhadra Mishra, Professor of Center’s program in national security studies Civil Engineering,Banaras Hindu University made possible by the initiative and expanded and Mahant (head priest) of the Sankat support of the John M. Olin Foundation. The Mochan Temple, Varanasi. director of the Olin Institute is appointed by Feb ru a ry 25 the dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences in “The Portuguese Empire and Sixteenth consultation with the director of the Center. Century ‘Globalization,’”Sanjay In its first ten years, 1989-1999, the Institute Subrahmanyam,Directeur d’Etudes, Ecole des sponsored research by eighteen professors and Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (Paris). visiting scholars and over one hundred John Ma rch 5 M. Olin Pre-and Postdoctoral Fellows in “Economic Development in an Indian Village. National Security. Completed Institute Palanpur: 1957-1993,” Peter Lanjouw, Free research projects have dealt with: the changing University, Amsterdam,and the World Bank. role of Congress in the formulation of U.S. foreign and defense policy;Russian and The John M. Olin Foundation provides the American approaches to the post-Cold War core funding for the Institute and its activities. world; the decline of multinational continental In 1998-1999, the Lynde and Harry Bradley empires; the economic balance of power; the Foundation and the Smith Richardson politics of civilizations in the post-Cold War Foundation, Inc. supported Professor world; the changing security environment and Huntington’s work on American national American national interests; and the U.S. identity and national interest. The Smith military in post-Cold War American society. Richardson Foundation also supported the Activities of the Institute have also included Project on Demography and National Security the Program in Economics and National and the fourteenth annual Conference on Security and the Harvard Russian Institute of Strategy and National Security, as well as other International Affairs in Moscow. Topics of activities. The Bradley Foundation also current research projects include East Asian provided support for the Conference on security; the future of war;American national Strategy and National Security. Steve Forbes identity and national interests; nonrational provided funding for the Forbes Seminars on aspects of deterrence; and the impact of youth post-Cold War U.S. national interests. The bulges on interstate war.The Institute also Office of the Secretary of Defense provided sponsors several national security conferences funding for the research project on East Asian and seminars and involves other scholars in its Security. The Northrop Corporation provided activities as Olin Associates. funding for res e a r ch travel and meetin gs . Oth e r During the 1998-1999 academic year, the nongovernmental sources also contributed to Institute hosted five predoctoral fellows, five the support of Institute activities. postdoctoral fellows, one Bradley Fellow, one Faculty Members Air Force National Defense Fellow, and one During the 1998-1999 academic year, six Navy Federal Executive Fellow. Six faculty faculty members from the Department of members and one visiting scholar also actively Government at Harvard were involved in participated in the work of the Institute. In the work of the Institute through active and 1998-1999, eight books and thirty articles were regular participation in its seminars, study pu bl i s h e d by auth o rs associ a t ed with the Ins ti t ute. groups, and research projects. The central administration of the Institute The Olin Institute administers two Harvard in 1998-1999 included Samuel P.Huntington, faculty positions. The Beton Michael Kaneb director; Stephen P.Rosen, associate director; Professorship of National Security and Inga Peterson, program coordinator; Jonathan Military Affairs is an endowed chair made Mercer, chair,National Security Studies possible by the generosity of Mr.John Kaneb. Group; Carol Edwards, assistant to the The Olin Institute administers the chair and director; and R.Scott Zimmerman and John provides support to its incumbent, Stephen Stephenson, re s e a rch assistants. In 1999-2000, Peter Rosen, who teaches in the Government Monica Duffy Toft will begin her appointment Department, conducts his own research at the as assistant director of the Olin Institute and Institute, and serves as the associate director of assistant professor of Public Policy at the the Institute. Kennedy School. Aaron Lobel will replace Jonathan Mercer as chair of the National The Institute supports a joint position, the Security Studies Group. holder of which is the assistant director of the Institute and an assistant or associate professor
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 5 in eit h e r the Harvard Departme nt of Go vernm en t R e s e a rch Project on East A s i a n or the John F. Kennedy School of Government. S e c u r i t y : 1 9 9 3 - 2 0 1 0 Monica Duffy Toft, appointed to the position This project, directed by Stephen Peter Rosen, in 1999, teaches in the area of strategy and concluded its initial phase in April 1997, and national security at the Kennedy School, the work completed by Professors Thomas conducts research at the Institute,and helps Christensen of MIT University, Aaron in the direction of its activities. Friedberg of Princeton University, Arthur Waldron of the University of Pennsylvania, John M. Olin Fe l l ows in Nat i o n a l and Iain Johnston of Harvard,was presented S e c u r i t y to the sponsor, the Office of Net Assessment For eigh t een yea r s the Olin Ins ti t ute and its in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, at a predeces s o r program have appoin t ed pre- and conference at the Naval War College in April pos t doctoral Fello ws in Nati o nal Sec u ri ty. Over 1997. The report focused on quantitative ni n e ty appl i c a ti o ns were received for the 1998- analysis of the use of force by the Peoples 99 fello wsh i p s . Ten natio nal sec u ri ty fello ws, Repu b lic of Ch i n a ,l on g - term aspects of Chi n e s e one Navy Federal Execu tive Fello w, one Air s tra tegic pers pective s , and the interacti on Force Fello w, and one Bradle y Fello w were bet ween the PRC , Ja p a n , and Ta iw a n . ap poin t ed. The disserta ti o n fello ws were Ph.D. At the request of the sponsor, the project ca n d i d a t es at Har va rd ,M I T, St a n f ord ,a n d was extend ed to includ e an historical exa m i n a ti o n Colu m b ia Uni versi t y. Two pos t doctoral fello ws of the long-term strategic competitions among were from the Uni versi t y of Chi c a g o, th e re was East Asian powers. This phase of the project one from Hebrew Uni versi t y in Jerus a l em , one supported work by Aaron Friedberg, which fr om Yal e , and one from Stanford Uni versi t y. was completed and submitted to the sponsor Two fello ws were on leave from pos i ti o ns at the in the spring of 1999. Coll e ge of the Hol y Cross and the Uni versi t y of Was h i n g t on. In add i ti on , the Olin Ins ti t ute ho s t ed a co l on el in the U.S . Air Force and a CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS comm a n d er in the U.S . Navy . The Ins ti t ute also N ational Security Studies Gro u p ho s t ed a Bradle y Fello w who is a gradua t e For over a decade the Institute and its stu d ent at Har vard . One of the 1998-99 Oli n predecessor program have sponsored the pos t - d ocs has accepted an add i ti o nal pos t - National Security Studies Group, a weekly doctoral fello wship at Yal e . Two of the pos t - seminar for WCFIA affiliates with an interest docs wil l remain at Har var d — one at the Oli n in strategic studies. The Seminar Series gives Ins ti t ute and one at the Belf er Cent er for speakers the opportunity to present published Sc i en c e and Int erna ti o nal Affairs. Monica and unpublished papers, as well as works in Duffy Toft, one of the post-docs,has accepted progress. During the 1998-99 academic year, a joint position as the assistant director of the the seminar group was chaired by Jonathan Olin Institute and as an assistant professor of Mercer. The sche dule for the year was as foll o ws: public policy at the Kennedy School of S eptem ber 28 Government.One dissertation fellow has “Transiting a Uni-Multipolar World,” accepted a position with RAND.The other dissertation fellows will continue their research Samuel Huntington,Olin Institute at Columbia, MIT, and Harvard. October 5 Feb ru a ry 1 “Janus Places: The Double Value of “Tales from the Diplomatic Wire: Territ ory in Na ti onal Conf l i c t Bar ga i n i n g ,” Technical and Cost Issues Before 1919,” Monica Duffy Toft,Olin Institute David Nickles,Olin Institute October 19 Feb ru a ry 8 “Nuclear Weapons and Missile Defense “Institutional Effects on State Behavior: for Nuclear Forces and Missile Defense Typology and Hypotheses,” Lisa Martin, Po l i c y,” John Har vey, Office of th e Olin Institute and Harvard University; Secr eta r y of Defens e Liliana Botcheva, Harvard University October 26 Feb ru a ry 22 “Good Judgment in World Politics: “Testing the Assumption of Universal Cognitive Styles and Cognitive Biases,” Rati on a l i t y in Int erna ti o nal Rela ti on s , ” Philip Tetlock, Ohio State University Allan Sta m , Yale Uni versi t y Novem ber 2 Ma rch 1 “Israel’s Nuclear Command and Control: “Decisions without Calculations,” Stephen An Historical Evaluation,” Jordan Seng, Rosen, Olin Institute Olin Institute Ma rch 8 Novem ber 9 “The Coalition Paradox: The Politics of “N orms and Secu ri t y: The Case of Military Cooperation,” Nora Bensahel, Int erna ti on a l Assassination,” Ward Olin Institute Thomas,Olin Institute and College of the Ma rch 15 Holy Cross “Is Strategy an Illusion?” Richard Betts, Novem ber 16 Columbia University “How to Win a War? Strategy, Domestic Ma rch 22 Politics,and Political Economy in France “Contending Sino-American Conceptions and Britain Before and During World War of Hegemo ny,” Ant h o ny Loh, Olin Ins ti t ute II,” Talbot Imlay,Olin Institute April 5 Novem ber 23 “S teering by Our Wa ke : U. S . Mi l i t a ry “China, Japan, and the Security Dilemma S tra tegy since the End of the Cold Wa r,” in East Asia,” Thomas Christensen, MIT Ti m o t hy Doorey, Olin In s ti tute and Novem ber 30 U. S . Nav y “The Int ernal Pol i t ics of Pea ce Agreemen t s , ” April 12 B a rb a ra Wa l ter, Olin Institute and the “Imagined (Security) Communities,” University of California, San Diego Emanuel Adler, Hebrew University of Jerusalem De cem ber 7 April 19 “Pivotal Deterrence and the Spiral Model,” “L a b yrinths of Con f l i ct : War in the 1990s,” Timothy Crawford,Olin Institute Da vid Holl ow a y, St a n f ord Uni versi t y De cem ber 14 April 26 “Do Professional Militaries Cause War?” “Military Retaliation Against State Stephen van Evra, MIT Sponsors of Terrorism: Lessons of the Israeli Case,” Ariel Merari, Belfer Center
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 7 for Science and International Affairs, September/October 1998, Volume 77, Har var d Uni versi t y; and Tel Aviv Uni versi t y Number 5 May 3 Feb ru a ry 9 “Through Irish Eyes: Peacekeeping Effects “The Fate of the U.S. Military with the in Northern Ireland,” Jeffrey O. Leary, End of the Cold War.” Readings: William Olin Institute and U.S. Air Force Greider, Fortress America, (New York: Public Affairs,1998) May 10 April 6 “The Politics of Transitional Anarchy: “U.S. Leadership Home and Abroad.” Yugoslavia 1941-1945 and 1991-1995,” Readings: Aaron Freidberg, “Are Richard Wilcox, Olin Institute Americans Becoming Isolationist?” Other Meetings and Seminars Commentary, November 1998 Adam Garfinkle, “Franz Josef Clinton,” October 21 The National Interest, Spring 1999 “ In d i a’s Nu clear Te s t s : Ra ti onale and Samuel Huntington, “The Lonely St rat egic Imp l i c a ti on s , ” K. Sub rah m a ny a m Superpower,” Foreign Affairs,March/ a n d C . Ud ay Bh a s k a r, In s ti tute for April 1999 Defense Studies and Analysis, New Delhi Garry Wills, “Bully of the Free World,” Novem ber 24 Foreign Affairs,March/April 1999 “Mastering Violence as an Operational Strategy: A New Approach,” Jean-Jacques Forbes Seminar Series Patry and Loup Francart, Training and As the result of a generous gift from Mr. Steve Doctrine Command, French Army. Forbes, the Institute was able to hold seminars on three issues affecting post-Cold War U.S. Feb ru a ry 2 national interests. The Forbes Seminar Series “Israeli-Turkish Relations,” Efraim Inbar, will continue in 1999-2000 with three seminars Professor of Political Science, Bar-Ilan on other topics crucial to American foreign Uni versi t y, and Dir ector, Begin - S adat Cent er relations. April 7 Novem ber 9 “The Banality of I.R. Studies,” James “Regional Dynamics and American Kurth, Swarthmore College National Interests” Unofficial Olin Policy Studies Gro u p Mich a e l Desch, Olin Ins ti t ute and Profes s o r ( O O P S ) , 1 9 9 8 - 1 9 9 9 at the Patterson School of Diplomacy and October 28 International Commerce at the University “Is International Relations a Worthy of Kentucky, Chair. Pursuit?” Readings: James Kurth, “Inside Stephe n Ros en , Olin Ins ti t ute and Profes s o r the Cave: The Banality of I.R. Studies,” of Harvard University Government The National Interest,Fall 1998, Issue 53 Department. Dr. Car ol Saivetz , Da vis Cent er for De cem ber 7 Russian Research at Harvard. “Women and War.” Readings: Francis Kenneth Pollack, Professor of the Fukuyama, “Women and the Evolution National Defense University. of World Politics,” Foreign Affairs, Ambassador Charles Crawford, critical policy issues concerning challenges to Weatherhead Center for International U.S. national security. Affairs Fellows Program. Presentation I - Demographics De cem ber 2 Nicholas Eberstadt, American Enterprise “American National Identity and National Institute Interest” Monica Duffy Toft, Olin Institute, Harvard Samuel P.Huntington, Director of the University Olin Institute and Harvard University Richard Tucker, Olin Institute, Harvard Professor. University Joseph S. Nye,Jr., Dean of the John F. Stephen Rosen, Olin Institute, Harvard Kennedy Schoold of Government. University Presentation II - Technology Diffusion Trends Feb ru a ry 16 David Roessner, School of Public Policy, “Revolution in Military Affairs” Georgia Institute of Technology Vice Admiral Arthur Cebrowski, President of the Naval War College. Presentation III - Asian Regional Dynamics William Odom, The Hudson Institute N o r f o l k , V i rginia Excursion Arthur Waldron, Department of History, May 4-7, 1 9 9 9 University of Pennsylvania Timothy Doorey, Commander in the United Mark Staples, Chief of Naval Operations States Navy, Organizer Staff, U.S. Navy The excursion to Norfolk, Virginia introduced Presentation IV - Social Trends the Fellows to NATO, joint and individual Francis Fukuyama, Institute of Public Policy, se rvic e issu e s ,c a p a bi l i ti e s , and futur e cha ll en ge s . George Mason University High l i g hts includ ed a tour of the aircr aft carrie r David Popenoe, Department of Sociology, USS George Washington (CVN-73), briefings Rutgers University and equ i pm ent dem on s tra ti ons by Nav y Presentation V - Economics Special Warfare Group 2 (SEALs), and a flight Charles Wolf,RAND Corporation demonstration by the Air Force’s F-15C fighter. S t r at egy and National Security Olin Institute Program Members C o n f e re n c e Samuel P.Huntington, Director June 20-25, 1 9 9 9 Stephen P.Rosen, Associate Director Inga Peterson, Program Coordinator Celebrating more than a decade of tradition, Carol Edwards, Staff Assistant the Olin Institute held its Fourteenth Annual Conference on Strategy and National Security N ational Security Fe l l ow s at the Wianno Club on Cape Cod. This year’s Nora Bensahel con feren ce on econ om i c , dem ogra ph i c, Timothy Crawford technology diffusion trends, and the dynamics Timothy Doorey of regional and domestic politics of East Asia Talbot Imlay bro u ght toget h er twenty -five experts on Anthony Alexander Loh national security from academia,the private Jonathan Mercer sector, and government, many of them former David Nickles Olin Fellows, to discuss ongoing research and Jeffrey O.Leary
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 5 9 Jordan Seng internationalism in Great Britain and the Ward Thomas United States before the First World War; Monica Duffy Toft and conflict and cooperation between private Richard Wilcox interests and state power in health care policy in Japan. These students met at least once Olin Institute Faculty A f f i l i at e s monthly over lunch to present and discuss Marc Busch their dissertation research topics. In addition, Samuel Huntington three “professionalization” talks by Harvard Alastair Iain faculty were arranged specifically for graduate Louise Richardson student associates. In early October, James Alt, Stephen Rosen professor of government at Harvard, gave a Celeste Wallander presentation entitled “How to Get Ready for Olin Institute Visiting Scholars the Job Market.”In late October, Robert Bates, Jean-Luc di Paola-Galloni professor of government at Harvard, gave a talk on interviewing techniques and other Olin Instutitue A s s o c i at e s lessons for field work. In April, Jeffry Frieden, Robert Art profes s o r of governm e nt at Har var d Uni versi t y, Thomas Christensen spoke to GSAs about making the transition Charles Cogan from graduate student to junior faculty. Funds Eliot Cohen were made available by the Weatherhead Michael Desch Center to graduate student associates on a Andrew Erdmann competitive basis for short-term travel for Elizabeth Kier dissertation research and participation in Seung-Young Kim conference presentations. In 1998-99, Daryl Press graduate student associates were supported Russell Seitz by Weatherhead Center funds to present Richard Tucker papers at the annual meetings of the American Barbara Walter Political Science Association, the Middle East Studies Association,and the Asian Studies STUDENT PRO G R A M S Association. Graduate student associates G r a d u ate Student A s s o c i ate Prog r a m supported the Center’s undergraduate In 1998-99,the Center selected twenty-four associates by serving as mentors to thesis- graduate students from the Departments writing seniors and by attending their thesis of Anthropology, Economics,Government, presentations in the spring. History, Sociology, the Committee on Political GSA Luncheon Series Economy and Government, and Harvard Law Chairs: Irene Bloemraad and Carolyn Evans School to be graduate student associates. Their Septem ber 21 dissertation topics included the effect of international institutions on domestic policies; “Being Chinese Means Buying Chinese: environmental policies; the political economy Consumption and Nation-Building in of development in East Asia and in trans- Modern China,” Karl Gerth, Department itional econ om i e s ; dem oc ra ti z a ti on and of History po l i tical ch a n ge ; L a tin Am erican po l i tics and com p a ra tive govern m en t ; l i beral October 5 Feb ru a ry 26 “Na ti o nal Borders and Nati o nal Netw orks , ” “Electoral Politics and Economic Car olyn Evan s , Depa r tme nt of Ec onom i c s Integration,” Ken Scheve, Department of Government October 16 “Decentralization in Latin America,” Ma rch 5 “ Big Families in a Sm a ll Worl d : How Kathleen O’Neill, Committee on Political Female Entrepreneurs Use International Economy and Government Kin Netw orks to Shape Vie tna m ’s Nati on a l October 30 Co s tu m e ,” Ann Ma rie Leshkowi ch, “Investment Environment in China: Dep a rtm ent of An t h ropo l ogy Beyond Economics and Culture,” Fu Jun, Ma rch 19 Department of Government “Portuguese Immigrants and Citizenship Novem ber 13 in North Ame ric a : Why Are Natu ra l i z a ti o n “ Dem oc rac y,Di ct a torship and Gen d er Levels Higher in Canada as Compared to Rig hts in Arg enti n a , Braz i l , and Chi l e , ” the United States?” Irene Bloemraad, Mala Htun, Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t Department of Sociology Novem ber 20 May 7 “Why Ethnic Parties Succeed and “Ethnic Bargains,” Kanchan Chandra, Why They Matter,” Kanchan Chandra, Department of Government Department of Government G l o b a l i z ation and Democrat i z at i o n De cem ber 7 Graduate Student Associate Conference “Why Democratization Reduces the May 26, 1999 Likelihood of Interstate War, yet May The Weatherhead Center hosted a graduate Be Associated With Conflict,” Kristian student associate conference, which provided Gleditsch, Department of Political an opportunity for the presenters, eight Science, University of Colorado Harvard Ph.D. candidates in residence at the Ja nu a ry 22 Center as Graduate Student Associates, to “Does Russia Need a Currency Board?” share their work with an audience that Vladimir Kliouev, Committee on Political included students, faculty, and Fellows of Economy and Government the Weatherhead Center and other schools Feb ru a ry 1 and departments at Harvard. The conference “I t’s the Econo my Comr ade! Econom i c brought to light recent research on the Cond i ti o ns and Electio n Res ults in Rus s i a , ” interaction between domestic governance Jos h ua Tuc ker, Depa r tme nt of Go vernm en t and international relations. The presentations Feb ru a ry 12 were organized into two sessions, “Topics “The Political Economy of National in the Political Economy of Developing Regulations in an Interdependent World: Coun tries” and “ Dem oc ra tic Po litics .” European Integration and Environmental Panel I:“Internationalism and Nationalism Politics in East European States,” Liliana in the Imperial Age” Botcheva-Andonova, Department of Discussant: Akira Iriye,Charles Warren Government Professor of American History, Harvard
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 6 1 Hugh McNeal, Ph.D. candidate in History, U N D E RG RA D UATE STUDENT PROG RA M S “Globalization in the Emergence of Hobson’s Tr avel Grants New Liberal Internationalism: 1900-1910” Weatherhead Center Summer Travel Grants Karl Gerth, Ph.D. candidate in History, are awarded to Harvard undergraduates to “Visualizing the Nation through Commodities support senior thesis research in international in Chinese ‘National Product’ Exhibitions” affairs. In 1998-99, summer travel grants were funded by the Weatherhead Center, Center Guoqi Xu, Ph.D. candidate, Department of associate Julian M. Sobin, and the Harvard History,“The First World War and China’s International Relations Council. Quest for a New World Order” Seven stud ent s , repres en t ing the Depa r tmen t s Panel II:“Labor Mobility, Capital Mobility, of Economics, Government, and Social and Globalization After the Cold War” Studies, received travel grants and were named Discussant: Jeffry Frieden, Professor of undergraduate associates of the Center. Their Government, Harvard research topics included research on the roles Irene Bloemraad, Ph.D. candidate in of the institutions created by NAFTA in Soci o l o gy, “The Pol i t ical Inc orporati o n of mitigating the environmental impact of free Mig rants in Can a da and the U.S . : The Case of trade along the U.S.-Mexican border; a study Imm i g rant Natu ra l i z a ti o n” of the effectiveness of the NGO response to child labor in Bangalore, India; and an Oxana Shevel, Ph.D. candidate in examination of the interactions of Japanese Government,“Domestic Mechanisms of domestic demands, foreign demands, and the External Influence: The Effect of International Ministry of Health and Welfare’s policy goals Organizations on Citizenship Policies in affecting U.S.-Japan negotiations regarding the Ukraine” deregulation of the Japanese Pharmaceutical Vladimir Kliouev, Ph.D. candidate in Political industry. Economy and Government,“Exchange Rate In the spring the students presented their Regimes in Transitional Economies” findings in a Weatherhead Center-sponsored Panel III:“Institutional Change in New public seminar series. These seminars were Democracies” chaired by graduate student associates of the Discussant: Stephen Hanson,Associate Center who served as mentors to the Professor of Political Science, University of undergraduates throughout the academic year. Washington, Visiting Scholar at Center for Summer Tr avel Grant Recipient European Studies P re s e n t at i o n s Jos h ua Tuc ker, Ph . D . ca n d i d a t e in Governm en t , Feb ru a ry 22 “A Brid g e to Econo mic Vot ing in the 21st Centu r y.” “Civilians on the Warfront: French Village Mala Htun, Ph.D. candidate in Government, Life on World War One’s Western Front,” “Democratic Consolidation, Institutional Celia Whitaker (History and Romance Cha n ge , and Gend er Equa l i t y in Latin Ame ric a ” Languages) Closing Discussion “The British Labour Party and the Trade Unions: A Reassessment of the Benefits of the Relationship during the 1980s,” Aud r ey Lee (G o vernm en t ) Ma rch 1 knowledge of current events. “The Failure of U.S.Efforts to Acquire The Regi onal Studies Com m i t tee , a Cuba and Northern Mexico, 1853-1855,” n ew bra n ch of the Stu dent Co u n c i l , Halbert Jones (History) or ga n i zes panels that focus on a parti c u l a r “NAFTA’s Institutional Promises: The regi on of the world and are meant for a Possibilities for US-Mexican Cooperation broad audien ce . This com m i t tee is also the t h ro u gh the Border Envi ron m en t o utre ach arm of the Stu dent Council to other Cooperation Commission and the North s tu dent groups and frequ en t ly co - s pon s ors American Development Bank,” Erica events with groups ra n ging from HASA Simmons (Social Studies) ( Ha rva rd Af rican Stu dents As s oc i a ti on) to the Ha rva rd Vi etnamese As s oc i a ti on . Ma rch 8 “The Mi n i s try of Health and Wel f a re’s The Special Events Committee organizes Med i c i n e : Reforming Ja p a n’s and manages large events. During 1998-99 it P h a rm aceutical Pricing Sys tem ,” was especially active, organizing a multi-day Jessica Wo l f (East Asian Stu d i e s ) conference on the May 4 Oslo Accords Final Status in conjunction with Harvard Hillel and Student Council the Society of Arab Students. This occasion An organization of Harvard undergraduates, provided a forum of expression for a variety the Weatherhead Center Student Council of views and opinions surrounding the Israeli- serves as the liaison between the Weatherhead Palestinian conflict. In addition, the committee Center community and the undergraduate also organized the annual “Careers in student body. Its goal is to provide a variety of International Affairs” dinner during which meaningful opportunities for undergraduates Fellows and other international affairs to learn about international affairs by working practitioners spoke of the privileges and closely with Center affiliates. The Weatherhead pitfalls of an international career path. Center Open House for undergraduates on The 1998-99 Wea t h e rhe a d Stud ent Cou n c i l , October 6 was co-sponsored by the Student with over 200 under gradu a te members, was Council and served to expose undergraduates led by a board consisting of: Aadil Ginwala ‘00 to the affiliates and activities of the Center. and Melissa Inouye ‘01, co-presidents; Abigail The Student Council is divided into three Zoba ‘00, treasurer; Sam Sternin ‘01, secretary; committees—Fellows, Regional Studies, and Matthew Rojansky ‘02, Fellows Committee Special Events—all of which aim to increase cha i r ; Francisca Geyer ‘01 and Er ica Wes t enb erg student exposure to current topics in ‘02, Regional Studies Committee co-chairs; international affairs. Steven Kruczek ‘01 and Jungmin Lee ‘01, The Fellows Committee works with the Special Events Committee co- ch a i rs ;a n d Weatherhead Center Fellows in sponsoring Ga u tam Muk u n d a ‘0 1 , webma s t er. a biweekly series of dinner talks in the R egional Studies Pa n e l s undergraduate houses. Limited to a small number of students,the talks draw on the Novem ber 12 personal experiences of the Fellows and allow “The New African Renaissance,” Jimmy students to discuss important and topical Ocitti,Weatherhead Center Fellow and issues in international affairs closely with Ugandan journalist; and Robert Bates, individuals who often have a first-hand Eaton Professor of the Science of Government, Harvard University
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 6 3 Ma rch 3 Novem ber 19 “Economic Integration in South and “Politics of the Middle East: What Do Southeast Asia,” Jayant Prasad, the Wye Accords Mean?” Michael Bell, Weatherhead Center Fellow and former Weatherhead Center Fellow and former Indian Ambassador to Algeria; Pham Bin Canadian Ambassador to Egypt Man,Weatherhead Center Fellow and Feb ru a ry 17 Deputy Director, Press and Information “Eu r opean Int egrati on : What Is the Department, Vietnamese Ministry of Meaning of the Eur o and the EU?” Peter Foreign Affairs; Professors David Dapice Mar tin Smi t h ,Wea t h e rhe a d Cent er Fello w and Jonathan Haughton,Harvard and forme r Hea d of Unit for In du s tria l Institute of International Development, Comp etit ivene s s , Dir ectorate - G en e ral for Harvard University Indu s t ry of the Eur opean Comm i s s i o n April 15 Ma rch 18 “Media Coverage in Conflict: How Much “Diplomacy Is Hell,” Charles Crawford, Do We Really Know About Kosovo?” Weatherhead Center Fellow and former Susan Reed,Nieman Fellow and Emmy Brit ish Amb a s s a dor to Bos n i a - H erz egovin a . Award-winning journalist; Gary Bass, April 22 Assistant Professor of Government, “Turkish Guest Workers in Germany,” Harvard University; and Colonel Michael Friedrich Gröning,Weatherhead Center Alvis,Weatherhead Center Fellow and Fellow and former Head of Division, former military assistant to the Pentagon Southern Europe and Mediterranean April 29 Affairs (Political Affairs), German Foreign “Perspectives on U.S. Immigration: The Office, Bonn Latino Experience,” Marcelo Suarez- Orozco, Professor of Education, Harvard G r a d u ate Student A s s o c i at e s University Irene Bloemraad Liliana Botcheva-Andonova Fe l l ows Dinner Series Kanchan Chandra October 15 Andrew Erdmann “The Limits and Challenges of Peacekeeping,” Carolyn Evans Colonel Michael Alvis,Weatherhead Center Jun Fu Fellow and former military assistant to the Karl Gerth Pentagon Kristian Gleditsch October 29 Lawrence Hamlet “The Emerging Latin American Mala Htun Economies,” Jorge Gallardo Zavala, Barbara Keys Weatherhead Center Fellow and former Vladimir Kliouev President and CEO of Banco Continental Ann Marie Leshkowich Guayaquil Durgham Mara’ee Novem ber 5 Hugh McNeal “Terrorism: The Experience of Being Held Kathleen O’Neill Hos t a g e in an Embassy,” Fran c i s c o Tud ela , Sanjay Reddy Weatherhead Center Fellow and former Kenneth Scheve Foreign Minister of Peru Oxana Shevel Smita Singh students from Harvard and MIT, as well as Paul Talcott other Boston area institutions, whose work Michael Tomz related to secession and self-determination in Joshua Tucker particular or, more generally, to issues of Guoqi Xu intergroup conflict, refugees, human rights, U n d e rg r a d u ate A s s o c i at e s and identity. The seminars thus brought together a number of scholars who otherwise Halbert Jones might not have a chance to work together Karen Kim because they reside at different institutions. Audrey Lee During its fourth year, Group I’s sessions Navin Narayan studied threats to international security posed Erica Simmons by the danger of the proliferation of weapons Celia Whitaker of mass destruction; in particular how such Jessica Wolf threats are to be assessed and how the U.S. and T R A N S N ATIONAL SECURITY the international community can respond to such threats. Proliferation problems of The MacArthur Tr a n s n ational different nature and originating in various Security Pro j e c t regions of the world were discussed. The MacArthur Transnational Security Project, funded by the John D. and Catherine C o re Fa c u l t y T. MacArthur Foundation, is a joint program Harvard University of the Weatherhead Center and the Center for International Studies at the Massachusetts William Fisher Institute of Technology. The focus of the J. Bryan Hehir program has been on the theme of “perso nal and Stanley Hoffmann group secu ri t y and tran s n a ti o nal soci e ty,”whi c h Michael Jones-Correa conn o t es that eit h e r the source of the perceived Louise Richardson or actual threat is abroad, or that the solutio n to Anne-Marie Slaughter the threats would invol ve tran s n a ti o nal netw orks Massachusetts Institute of Technology or orga n i z a ti on s . The MacA rth ur Proje ct has Kenneth Oye provided funding for a Harvard-MIT Barry Posen in t erdi s c i p l i n a r y seminar as well as for two Judith Tendler working gro u p s ,e ach focusing on speci f i c Stephen Van Evera tran s n a ti o nal secu ri t y issue s . Two predoctoral Myron Weiner fello wships were awa r ded to gradua t e stud ent s . Funds for “men t orsh i p s ” were made avai l a b le to Group I Seminar Meetings core facu l t y memb ers of the program , ena bl i n g October 5 th e m to work clo s e ly with a gradua t e stud ent in John Deutsch, Massachusetts Institute excha n g e for re s e a rch su pport . of Technology, “A ‘State of the Question’ Working Group I Assessment of the Proliferation Threat “Exit Pro bl e m s ” : Secession and on Nuclear Issues and Weapons of M i g r at i o n , Human Rights and Refugees Mass Destruction” Novem ber 23 Working Group I of the MacArthur Project Stephen Cohen, Brookings Institution, consisted of faculty members and graduate
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 6 5 “Nuclear Weapons and International Department of Political Science, and the MIT Conflict in South Asia” Sloan School of Management,as well as De cem ber 7 departments from other area universities. Steven Miller, Harvard University, “The Each meeting began with a catered luncheon, Russian Collapse and Russian Nuclear followed by a presentation of the material Weapons: Recipe for Global Proliferation” and a question-and-answer session. Feb ru a ry 15 C o re Fa c u l t y Robert Gallucci, Dean of the Foreign Harvard University Service School at Georgetown University, Jeffry Frieden “Nonproliferation Issues: The North Devesh Kapur Korean Nuclear Program” Lisa Martin April 12 Dani Rodrik Ash Carter, Professor, John F. Kennedy Anne-Marie Slaughter School of Government, “Grand Terrorism: Raymond Vernon Nati o nal Secu ri t y Meets Dome s t ic Secu ri ty ” Shang-jin Wei May 11 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Richard Falkenrath, John F. Kennedy Suzanne Berger School of Government, “Assessing the Kenneth Oye Threat of WMD Terrorism” Judith Tendler Working Group II Group II Seminar Meetings I n t e rn ational Economic Security October 19 This year the MacArthur Seminar Working Dani Rod ri k, Ken n edy Sch ool of Group II focused on how liberalization of G overn m en t ,“ Making Openness trade and financial relations between nations Work : The New Global Econ omy has impacted econ omic and po l i ti c a l and Devel oping Co u n tri e s” performance in both the developing and De cem ber 8 developed world. Two broad themes were Martin Feldstein,Harvard University discussed during the six meetings. The first and NBER, “Self-Protection for Emerging theme addressed under what conditions and Market Countries” policies economic integration is consistent with the objective of development in LDCs. Feb ru a ry 8 The second explored the impact of economic James K.Galbraith, LBJ School of Public integration on the distribution of national Affairs, University of Texas,“Earnings resources in both the developed and Inequality in the Global Economy” developing world. Ma rch 15 Richard Freeman,Harvard University The six seminars were well attended by and NBER, “The Role of International both faculty and graduate students from Standards in Transnational Well-Being” various departments and schools at Harvard and MIT, including the Harvard Departments April 12 of Government and Economics, the Kennedy Robert Wade, Brown University, “Lessons School of Government,the Harvard Business from the Asian Crisis” School, the Harvard Law School, the MIT May 17 U. S . FOREIGN POLICY Sylvia Ma x f i el d,Vi s i ting Sch o l a r, Ha rva rd In s ti tute for In tern a ti on a l U. S . Fo reign Policy Seminar Devel opm en t , Ha rva rd Un ivers i ty, The U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar has “The Political Consequences of Financial traditionally invited guests—practitioners as In tern a ti on a l i z a ti on in Latin Am eri c a” well as scholars—to present their thinking on current topics of importance in U.S. foreign 1998-99 MacArthur Tr a n s n at i o n a l policy.In 1998-99, this approach was enhanced Security Project Fe l l ow s in several res p ects . The seminar was co- d i r ected Oxana Shevel, Ph.D.Candidate, Department in the fall of 1998 by Professors Robert of Government, Harvard University. Project: Paarlberg, Weatherhead Center Associate, and The Variations in the Influence of Robert Pastor, the Ralph Straus Visiting International Organizations on Refugee and Profes s o r at the Kenn e dy Scho ol of Go vernm en t Migration Policies in Four Postcommunist (and also a WCFIA Associate). A part of the Countries, the Czech Republic, Poland, Russia, fall semester seminar schedule was designed to and the Ukraine, by Looking at the permit the systematic presentation and Mechanisms of Domestic-International critique of newly drafted papers for a book on Interaction. the foreign policies of major powers edited by Carsten Giersch, Thyssen Postdoctoral Fellow, Robert Pastor. Also linked to the seminar was Ph.D.Political Science, University of Bonn, a Weatherhead Center conference on “The 1997. Project: The Role of International Foreign Policies of Major Powers,” October Institutions in Ethnic Conflicts in Yugoslavia; 2-4, at which other papers for this new book European Security. were presented. In the spring semester, Robert Paarlberg chaired the seminar and turned to a Kenneth Scheve, Ph.D.Candidate, Department number of topics of contemporary policy of Government, Harvard University. Project: interest, including relations with “Problem Citizen Politics in a Global Economy: States,” the possible persistence of a “Vietnam International Trade and Public Opinion in Syndrome,”U.S.-European Union relations, Industrial Democracies;Elections and Voting U.S.drug control policies in Latin America, Behavior in Advanced Industrial Democracies. and the use of air power in Kosovo. M a c A rthur Mentorships Co- C h a i r s: Robert Paa rl b erg and Robert Pas t or Lisa Martin, professor of government, October 13 Harvard University, was granted a mentorship “At Home Abroad: Identity and Power in to work with Larry Hamlet, Ph.D. candidate in U.S. Foreign Policy in the 21st Century,” government, on a project gathering data on the Henr y R.Nau , El liot Scho ol of Int erna ti on a l effects of i n tern a ti onal insti tuti ons on international and domestic politics. Henry Affairs,George Washington University Steiner, professor of law, Harvard Law School, October 27 was granted a mentorship to work with S.J.D. “Chi n a ’s Foreig n Policy in the 21st Centu r y,” candidate Durgham Mara’ee. Michel Oksenberg,Asia Pacific Research Center, Stanford University. Discussant: Steven Vogel,Harvard Government Department
A N N U A L R E P O R T 1 9 9 8 / 9 9 6 7 Novem ber 4 “U.S.-Latin American Relations During the Cold War and its Aftermath,” Jorge Domínguez, Director, Weatherhead Center, Harvard University Novem ber 18 “The Geography of the Peace: East Asia and the 21st Century,” Robert Ross, Boston College De cem ber 2 “The Foreign Policy of the United States Congress,” Doug Bereuter, Member of Congress from Nebraska De cem ber 9 “The Foreign Policies of Major Powers: Overvie w,” Robert Pas t or, Kenn e dy Schoo l of Government and Weatherhead Center Feb ru a ry 9 “U.S. Intervention Policy Revisited: The Issue of Problem States,” Seyom Brown, Brandeis University Feb ru a ry 23 “Liberals and U.S. Foreign Policy:A Continuing Vietnam Syndrome?” Kai Bird, author. Discussant: Karl Kaysen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ma rch 9 “The European Union: Economic or Political Ani m a l ? ” Sta n l e y Hoff m a n n , Har var d Uni versi t y April 20 “Drug Control Policy and U.S.-Latin American Relations,” Ethan Nadelmann, Director, Lindesmith Center May 4 “The Kosovo War: A Test for Air Power,” Robert Pape, Dartmouth College