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「Citizenship Report 2014
Citizenship Report 2014 - 2015 Creating a real impact for a better tomorrow, with the power of ICT and the mind of citizenship The future is ahead of us and Japan is moving toward it with strong footsteps. With Tokyo being selected to host the Olympics in 2020, the Japanese society sees the lights breaking through the clouds, starting to illuminate the future. Japan is still facing a number of pressing challenges, such as the trend toward becoming a highly aged society, a shrinking working age population, declining job opportunities, and contracting regional economies. In addressing these social issues, information and communications technology or ICT, has an indispensable role to play, as specifically noted in the Japanese government’s “Declaration to be the World’s Most Advanced IT Nation”. As a leading company of ICT, Microsoft Japan is contributing to finding solutions to these challenges and driving new societal movements especially in the areas of “cloud” and “mobile” technologies. Microsoft’s new mission is to “empower all individuals and organizations on the planet to achieve more.” By connecting ICT with people, ICT with Japan, and ICT with the future, we are determined to serve various communities. We believe this is the natural role of Microsoft Japan—a company that has taken root in Japan and has been growing together with Japanese society. 2 Citizenship Report 2014-2015 Contents 4 Leadership Dialogue What actions are local governments and businesses expected to take to enhance the vibrancy of local communities? —Toward progress in the “regional vitalization” initiative 8 Local Revitalization 10 Work Style New Directions 13 Small Businesses and Startups 14 Education Becoming a “productivity and platform” company 18 Information Security In February 2014, Satya Nadella was appointed as the 20 Contribution to Local Society third CEO of Microsoft Corporation. -
Japan and the United States in the Asian Financial Crisis Management
CHAPTER 8 Japan and the United States in the Asian Financial Crisis Management Not even the Asian countries, with their “miracle econo- mies,”could escape the µnancial turmoil of the twenty-µrst century.1 In 1997, Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Korea all experienced attacks on their currencies and stock markets, and their gov- ernments could not, on their own, manage these attacks or stabilize their economies. In response, the IMF, with the participation of Japan, the United States, and other governments, assembled international µnancial rescue packages in an effort to stabilize the international µnancial market. The com- bined total of aid committed through multilateral and bilateral channels reached more than $110 billion by the end of 1997. Japan’s involvement in the management of the Asian µnancial crisis2 presents a much more complex picture than its involvement in the series of Latin American crises analyzed in chapters 5 and 6. First, the Japanese gov- ernment’s actions and the style of leadership in managing the Asian crisis shifted over time from active and independent (early summer through fall 1997), to passive but cooperative (fall 1997 to mid-1998), to active with cau- tious independence (mid-1998 through 1999). Second, the Japanese govern- ment demonstrated ambivalence in cooperating with the United States and the IMF, by sometimes fully supporting their initiatives (e.g., in the second phase) and sometimes providing (or attempting to provide) alternative solu- tions to the crisis. This chapter analyzes the reasons for the variance in the Japanese government’s actions in Asian crisis management by applying the same theoretical framework as chapters 5 and 6: the importance of joint prod- uct and transnational linkages. -
The Abduction of Japanese People by North Korea And
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Ritsumeikan Research Repository THE ABDUCTION OF JAPANESE PEOPLE BY NORTH KOREA AND THE DYNAMICS OF JAPANESE DOMESTIC POLITICS AND FOREIGN POLICY: CASE STUDIES OF SHIN KANEMARU AND JUNICHIRO KOIZUMI’S PYONGYANG SUMMIT MEETINGS IN 1990, 2002 AND 2004’S PYONGYANG SUMMIT MEETINGS by PARK Seohee 51114605 March 2017 Master’s Thesis / Independent Final Report Presented to Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Asia Pacific Studies ACKNOLEGEMENTS First and foremost, I praise and thank my Lord, who gives me the opportunity and talent to accomplish this research. You gave me the power to trust in my passion and pursue my dreams. I could never have done this without the faith I have in You, the Almighty. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Yoichiro Sato for your excellent support and guidance. You gave me the will to carry on and never give up in any hardship. Under your great supervision, this work came into existence. Again, I am so grateful for your trust, informative advice, and encouragement. I am deeply thankful and honored to my loving family. My two Mr. Parks and Mrs. Keum for your support, love and trust. Every moment of every day, I thank our Lord Almighty for giving me such a wonderful family. I would like to express my gratitude to Rotary Yoneyama Memorial Foundation, particularly to Mrs. Toshiko Takahashi (and her family), Kunisaki Club, Mr. Minoru Akiyoshi and Mr. -
Multilingual Extractive Reading Comprehension by Runtime Machine Translation
Multilingual Extractive Reading Comprehension by Runtime Machine Translation Akari Asaiy, Akiko Eriguchiy, Kazuma Hashimotoz, and Yoshimasa Tsuruokay yThe University of Tokyo zSalesforce Research [email protected] zferiguchi,[email protected] [email protected] Abstract to English. To alleviate the scarcity of training data in non- Despite recent work in Reading Comprehen- English languages, previous work creates a new sion (RC), progress has been mostly limited to English due to the lack of large-scale datasets large-scale dataset for a language of interest (He in other languages. In this work, we introduce et al., 2017) or combines a medium-scale dataset the first RC system for languages without RC in the language with an existing dataset translated training data. Given a target language without from English (Lee et al., 2018). These efforts in RC training data and a pivot language with RC data creation are often costly, and must be repeated training data (e.g. English), our method lever- for each new language of interest. In addition, they ages existing RC resources in the pivot lan- do not leverage existing resources in English RC, guage by combining a competitive RC model such as the wealth of large-scale datasets and state- in the pivot language with an attentive Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model. We first of-the-art models. translate the data from the target to the pivot In this paper, we propose a multilingual extrac- language, and then obtain an answer using the tive RC method by runtime Machine Translation RC model in the pivot language. -
Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report
Citizenship at Microsoft Our Company Serving Communities Working Responsibly About this Report Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report 01 Contents Citizenship at Microsoft Serving Communities Working Responsibly About this Report 3 Serving communities 14 Creating opportunities for youth 46 Our people 85 Reporting year 4 Working responsibly 15 Empowering youth through 47 Compensation and benefits 85 Scope 4 Citizenship governance education and technology 48 Diversity and inclusion 85 Additional reporting 5 Setting priorities and 16 Inspiring young imaginations 50 Training and development 85 Feedback stakeholder engagement 18 Realizing potential with new skills 51 Health and safety 86 United Nations Global Compact 5 External frameworks 20 Supporting youth-focused 53 Environment 6 FY12 highlights and achievements nonprofits 54 Impact of our operations 23 Empowering nonprofits 58 Technology for the environment 24 Donating software to nonprofits Our Company worldwide 61 Human rights 26 Providing hardware to more people 62 Affirming our commitment 28 Sharing knowledge to build capacity 64 Privacy and data security 8 Our business 28 Solutions in action 65 Online safety 8 Where we are 67 Freedom of expression 8 Engaging our customers 31 Employee giving and partners 32 Helping employees make 69 Responsible sourcing 10 Our products a difference 71 Hardware production 11 Investing in innovation 73 Conflict minerals 36 Humanitarian response 74 Expanding our efforts 37 Providing assistance in times of need 76 Governance 40 Accessibility 77 Corporate governance 41 Empowering people with disabilities 79 Maintaining strong practices and performance 42 Engaging students with special needs 80 Public policy engagement 44 Improving seniors’ well-being 83 Compliance Cover: Participants at the 2012 Imagine Cup, Sydney, Australia. -
Brazil, Japan, and Turkey
BRAZIL | 1 BRAZIL, JAPAN, AND TURKEY With articles by Marcos C. de Azambuja Henri J. Barkey Matake Kamiya Edited By Barry M. Blechman September 2009 2 | AZAMBUJA Copyright ©2009 The Henry L. Stimson Center Cover design by Shawn Woodley Photograph on the front cover from the International Atomic Energy Agency All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent from The Henry L. Stimson Center. The Henry L. Stimson Center 1111 19th Street, NW 12th Floor Washington, DC 20036 phone: 202-223-5956 fax: 202-238-9604 www.stimson.org BRAZIL | 3 PREFACE I am pleased to present Brazil, Japan, and Turkey, the sixth in a series of Stimson publications addressing questions of how the elimination of nuclear weapons might be achieved. The Stimson project on nuclear security explores the practical dimensions of this critical 21st century debate, to identify both political and technical obstacles that could block the road to “zero,” and to outline how each of these could be removed. Led by Stimson's co-founder and Distinguished Fellow Dr. Barry Blechman, the project provides useful analyses that can help US and world leaders make the elimination of nuclear weapons a realistic and viable option. The series comprises country assessments, published in a total of six different monographs, and a separate volume on such technical issues as verification and enforcement of a disarmament regime, to be published in the fall. This sixth monograph in the series, following volumes on France and the United Kingdom, China and India, Israel and Pakistan, Iran and North Korea, and Russia and the United States, examines three countries without nuclear weapons of their own, but which are nonetheless key states that would need to be engaged constructively in any serious move toward eliminating nuclear weapons. -
Japan Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan
United States -Japan Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan 1. Introduction 1.1 Background and Objective President Bush of the United States and Prime Minister Koizumi of Japan have both stated their strong support for the contribution of nuclear power to energy security and the global environment. Japan was the first nation to endorse President Bush's Global Nuclear Energy Partnership. During the June 29,2006 meeting between President Bush and Prime Minister Koizumi, "We discussed research and development that will help speed up fnt breeder reactors and new types of reprocessing so that we cmt help deal with the cost of globalization when it comes to energy; make ourselves more secure, economicallyIas well n make us less dependent on hycirocmbons ..... " (I) "U.S.Japanpmtnershipstamis n one of the most accomplished bilateral relationship in history. They reviewed with great sarisfaction the broadened and enhunced cooperuh'on achieved in the alliance Mder their joint steward~hip, and together heralded a new U.S.Japan Alliance of Glohal Cooperation for the 21st Cenhuy. " (2) On January 9,2007, Samuel W. Bodman, Secretary of Energy of the United States, and Akira Amari, Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan, met in Washingtun, D.C. to review their current and prospective cooperative activities in the energy field. The Secretary and the Minister agreed that both sides are committed to collaboration on the various aspects of the civilian nuclear fuel cycle. They agreed that the United States and Japan would jointly develop a civil nuclear energy action plan that would support such collaboration. Tbe plan would focus on: (a) research and development activities under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership initiative that will build upon the significant civilian nuclear energy technical cooperation already underway; (b) collaboration on policies and programs that support the cowtrwtion of new nuclear power plants; and (c) regulatory and nonproliferation-related exchanges. -
The Trilateral Commission
THE TRILATERAL COMMISSION MARCH 2009 *Executive Committee PETER SUTHERLAND JOSEPH S. NYE, JR. YOTARO KOBAYASHI European Chairman North American Chairman Pacific Asian Chairman HERVÉ DE CARMOY ALLAN E. GOTLIEB HAN SUNG-JOO European North American Pacific Asian Deputy Chairman Deputy Chairman Deputy Chairman ANDRZEJ OLECHOWSKI LORENZO H. ZAMBRANO SHIJURO OGATA European North American Pacific Asian Deputy Chairman Deputy Chairman Deputy Chairman DAVID ROCKEFELLER Founder and Honorary Chairman GEORGES BERTHOIN PAUL A. VOLCKER OTTO GRAF LAMBSDORFF European Honorary Chairman North American Honorary Chairman European Honorary Chairman *** PAUL RÉVAY MICHAEL J. O'NEIL TADASHI YAMAMOTO European Director North American Director Pacific Asian Director EUROPEAN GROUP Urban Ahlin, Member of the Swedish Parliament and Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Stockholm *Edmond Alphandéry, Chairman, CNP Assurances, Paris; former Chairman, Electricité de France (EDF); former Minister of the Economy and Finance Jacques Andréani, Ambassadeur de France, Paris; former Ambassador to the United States Jorge Armindo, President and Chief Executive Officer, Amorim Turismo, Lisbon Jerzy Baczynski, Editor-in-Chief, Polityka, Warsaw Patricia Barbizet, Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Board of Directors, Artémis Group, Paris Estela Barbot, Director, AGA; Director, Bank Santander Negocios; Member of the General Council, AEP -- Portuguese Business Association, Porto; General Honorary Consul of Guatemala, Lisbon *Erik Belfrage, Senior Vice President, -
The Limits of Forgiveness in International Relations: Groups
JANUS.NET, e-journal of International Relations E-ISSN: 1647-7251 [email protected] Observatório de Relações Exteriores Portugal del Pilar Álvarez, María; del Mar Lunaklick, María; Muñoz, Tomás The limits of forgiveness in International Relations: Groups supporting the Yasukuni shrine in Japan and political tensions in East Asia JANUS.NET, e-journal of International Relations, vol. 7, núm. 2, noviembre, 2016, pp. 26- 49 Observatório de Relações Exteriores Lisboa, Portugal Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=413548516003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative OBSERVARE Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa e-ISSN: 1647-7251 Vol. 7, Nº. 2 (November 2016-April 2017), pp. 26-49 THE LIMITS OF FORGIVENESS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: GROUPS SUPPORTING THE YASUKUNI SHRINE IN JAPAN AND POLITICAL TENSIONS IN EAST ASIA María del Pilar Álvarez [email protected] Research Professor at the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Salvador (USAL, Argentina) and Visiting Professor of the Department of International Studies at the University T. Di Tella (UTDT). Coordinator of the Research Group on East Asia of the Institute of Social Science Research (IDICSO) of the USAL. Postdoctoral Fellow of the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) of Argentina. Doctor of Social Sciences from the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). Holder of a Master Degree on East Asia, Korea, from Yonsei University. Holder of a Degree in Political Science (UBA). -
The Birth and Consequences of the Bank of Japan's Quantitative
Bound by a Hidden Agenda: The Birth and Consequences of the Bank of Japan’s Quantitative Monetary Easing Tetsufumi Arita July 2007 THE WALTER H. SHORENSTEIN ASIA-PACIFIC RESEARCH CENTER (Shorenstein APARC) is a unique Stanford University institution focused on the interdisciplinary study of contemporary Asia. Shorenstein APARC’s mission is to produce and publish outstanding interdisciplinary, Asia-Pacific– focused research; educate students, scholars, and corporate and governmental affiliates; promote constructive interaction to influence U.S. policy toward the Asia-Pacific; and guide Asian nations on key issues of societal transition, development, U.S.-Asia relations, and regional cooperation. The Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University Encina Hall Stanford, CA 94306-6055 http://shorenstein.stanford.edu 2 About the Author Tetsufumi Arita has been a reporter for the Japanese newspaper, Asahi Shimbun, since 990. He has extensive experience in reporting business and political news. Arita was a visiting fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center between 2004 and 2005. 2 3 4 Abstract For the past five years, the Bank of Japan (BOJ) has employed an unconventional monetary easing policy, called quantitative monetary easing. Under a zero interest rate regime, the BOJ shifted its tool for monetary easing from interest rates to quantity of money, thus providing the money market with much more money than it needs. It is difficult to find evidence that this monetary easing has contributed to the current economic recovery. What we can show is that this quantitative easing diluted the functions of interest rates in the money market, with the following consequences: quantitative easing hid the risks of the huge amount of fiscal debt and supported troubled commercial banks. -
Civil Society and the State in Democratic East Asia
PROTEST AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS Chiavacci, (eds) Grano & Obinger Civil Society and the State in Democratic East Asia East Democratic in State the and Society Civil Edited by David Chiavacci, Simona Grano, and Julia Obinger Civil Society and the State in Democratic East Asia Between Entanglement and Contention in Post High Growth Civil Society and the State in Democratic East Asia Protest and Social Movements Recent years have seen an explosion of protest movements around the world, and academic theories are racing to catch up with them. This series aims to further our understanding of the origins, dealings, decisions, and outcomes of social movements by fostering dialogue among many traditions of thought, across European nations and across continents. All theoretical perspectives are welcome. Books in the series typically combine theory with empirical research, dealing with various types of mobilization, from neighborhood groups to revolutions. We especially welcome work that synthesizes or compares different approaches to social movements, such as cultural and structural traditions, micro- and macro-social, economic and ideal, or qualitative and quantitative. Books in the series will be published in English. One goal is to encourage non- native speakers to introduce their work to Anglophone audiences. Another is to maximize accessibility: all books will be available in open access within a year after printed publication. Series Editors Jan Willem Duyvendak is professor of Sociology at the University of Amsterdam. James M. Jasper teaches at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. Civil Society and the State in Democratic East Asia Between Entanglement and Contention in Post High Growth Edited by David Chiavacci, Simona Grano, and Julia Obinger Amsterdam University Press Published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. -
Local Government Reform and the Demise of the LDP*
Local Government Reform and the Demise of the LDP* Jun Saito Abstract The Liberal Democratic Party maintained its electoral dominance largely by means of its divide-and-conquer tactics over the local government. The LDP’s political control over the local government was so tight that anti-LDP political movements in the early 1990s were based on the idea of decentralization. The LDP took advantage of coalition partners to retain its government party status, but the policy concessions due to coalition bargaining resulted in the erosion of the party’s support base. In particular, the series of municipal mergers toward March 2006 resulted in magnified volatility of the LDP’s seat winning capacities and resulted in a decisive electoral defeats in the 2007 upper house and the 2009 lower house elections. Key words: local government, Liberal Democratic Party, fiscal federalism, decentralization, municipal mergers I. Introduction The 2009 general election generated an unprecedented defeat of the LDP. This was unprecedented because it was the first lower house election where the LDP failed to secure the plurality status. In addition, this was the first election in which the LDP suffered two consecutive defeats in national elections. The 2007 upper house election was a serious defeat for the LDP, but whenever the party suffered a serious loss in upper house elections, the party successfully rebounded in the next round of the upper house and lower house elections. This obviously did not happen in 2009. Observers have attributed the LDP’s historic loss to growing dissatisfaction among voters with the LDP’s policy performance.