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George Tames Washington Photographer for the New York Times PREFACE In 1846, an unknown cameraman took the first photograph of the United States Capitol, a view of the East Front. Thereafter the Capitol, from all angles, became the subject of countless amateur and professional photographers. During the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth most photography took place outside the building, due both to its dimly lit interior and to the antipathy many committee chairmen felt about the distractions of flash powder and bulbs. Eventually, photographers moved into the building, shooting everywhere at will, except within the Senate and House chambers. By the 1980s, television cameras penetrated even this haven. Nearly a century after that first photo, George Tames began photographing the people and events of Capitol Hill, first for Time-Life and later for the New York Times. During the course of a long career that ranged from the 1940s through the 1980s, Tames developed access to, and captured the likenesses of more significant members of Congress, and had his work reproduced more widely in influential publications than any other photographer in American political history. He developed a style contrary to the "herd instinct" that led other photographers to group together outside a closed door waiting for a standard shot. Instead, his pictures demonstrate an artistic eye, an intense sense of place, and a special intimacy with his subjects. George Tames was born in the shadow of the Capitol Dome, in a Washington alley house on January 21, 1919, into a Greek-Albanian immigrant family, and "born into the Democratic party" as well. -
SHOULD NEWSPAPERS CRUSADE? Answer: Yes George Chaplin
----------------------~----------------------------------------------------------~-~ Ieman• orts October~ 1949 SHOULD NEWSPAPERS CRUSADE? Answer: Yes George Chaplin Turnover Among Newsmen William M. Pinkerton The Guild and Education Norval Neil Luxon The Character of the Newspaper Job Louis M. Lyons V A Dutchman Looks at the U. S. Press Jan Roelof Klinkert A Country Editor's Creed Donald A. Norberg The Story Behind the Story "CBS Views the Press" Seminar on Russia Houstoun Waring Nieman Scrapbook Letters Nieman Notes Nieman Reports is published by the Nieman Alumni Council, elected by former Nieman Fellows at Harvard University. It aims to provide a medium for discussion by newspapermen of problems common t.o their profession. Nine out of ten sub!Scriber·S to Nieman Reports and very many of its contributors are not themselves former Nieman Fellows but share a belief in the purpose of the Nieman Foundation "to promote and elevate standards of journalism in the U. S." NIEMAN REPORTS and receptions given by large corporations, and under the heading, "They Made It Possible" on the NEA programs, 22 firms and organizations were thanked for "making this con NiemanReports vention a success." Seventeen hosts were business concerns and organizations, including General Motors, the United States Brewers Foundation, Ford Motors, Geneva (U. S.) Steel, Kennecott Copper and the Utah Manufacturers Asso Nieman Reports is published by the Nieman Alumni ciation. Geneva Steel and Kennecott have large operations, Council: John MeL. Clark, Claremont, N. H.; Paul L. so like the other Utah companies they could legitimately Evans, Mitchell, S. D.; Lawrence A. Fernsworth, New play host to Utah visitors. York City; Thomas H. -
Alwood, Edward, Dark Days in the Newsroom
DARK DAYS IN THE NEWSROOM DARK DAYS in the NEWSROOM McCarthyism Aimed at the Press EDWARD ALWOOD TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS Philadelphia Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia PA 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright © 2007 by Edward Alwood All rights reserved Published 2007 Printed in the United States of America Text design by Lynne Frost The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Alwood, Edward. Dark days in the newsroom : McCarthyism aimed at the press / Edward Alwood. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 13: 978-1-59213-341-3 ISBN 10: 1-59213-341-X (cloth: alk. paper) ISBN 13: 978-1-59213-342-0 ISBN 10: 1-59213-342-8 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Anti-communist movements—United States—History—20th century. 2. McCarthy, Joseph, 1908–1957—Relations with journalists. 3. Journalists— United States—History—20th century. 4. Journalists—United States— Political activity—History—20th century. 5. Press and politics—United States—History—20th century. 6. United States—Politics and government— 1945–1953. 7. United States—Politics and government—1953–1961. I. Title. E743.5.A66 2007 973.921—dc22 2006034205 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 In Memoriam Margaret A. Blanchard Teacher, Mentor, and Friend Do the people of this land . desire to preserve those so carefully protected by the First Amendment: Liberty of religious worship, freedom of speech and of the press, and the right as freemen peaceably to assemble and petition their government for a redress of grievances? If so, let them withstand all beginnings of encroachment. -
RF Annual Report
The Rockefeller Foundation Annual Report '95' • V x'-• ' v* 0^ 49 West 49th Street, New York 2003 The Rockefeller Foundation 31 PRIN 1LD IN THE UNITED STATES Ol' AMERICA 2003 The Rockefeller Foundation CONTENTS LETTER OF TRANSMISSION XV PRESIDENT'S REVIEW REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 99 DIVISION OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 105 DIVISION OF NATURAL SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURE 219 DIVISION OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 323 DIVISION OF HUMANITIES 389 OTHER APPROPRIATIONS 429 FELLOWSHIPS 44! REPORT OF THE TREASURER 449 INDEX 529 2003 The Rockefeller Foundation 2003 The Rockefeller Foundation ILLUSTRATIONS Page Research at Indiana University on the genetics o/Oenothera, the evening primrose iv Dr. Max Theiler, jpjf Nobel Prize winner in Physiology and Medicine 25 Virus investigations at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Researcht Melbourne, Australia 26 Conference on cell physiology, University of Sao Paulo 26 Fulani herdsman in West Africa 39 Unloading specimens for Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 39 Agricultural Experiment Station, Palmira, Colombia 40 Sculpture class, Mayor's Advisory Committee for the Aged, New York City 61 Urban land use and housing studies at Columbia University 61 Demographic survey, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Eco- nomics, Poona, India 62 Law-science instruction, Tulane University, New Orleans 8? Lecture at the America Institute, University of Cologne, Germany 87 Modern dance group in Japan 88 Study sponsored by the New Dramatists Committee, Inc. 88 Field trip, the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute -
TAX-EXEMPT FOUNDATIONS Washington, D. C
TAX-EXEMPT FOUNDATIONS FRIDAY, JULY 9, 1954 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SPECIAL CoMMIrrEE To INVESTIGATE TAX-EXEMPT FOUNDATIONS, Washington, D. C. Pursuant to resolution of the committee on July 2, 1954, at the in- struction of the chairman, the balance of the staff report prepared by Kathryn Casey, legal analyst, on the Carnegie and Rockefeller Foun- dations, was incorporated in the record of proceedings . (The report follows :) SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES OF CARNEGIE CORP. OF NEW YORK, CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDA- TION PREFACE Comments made following presentation of the first part of this summary of the activities of the Carnegie and Rockefeller philan- thropic trusts indicate a rather widespread misconception among foundation executives both as to the purpose of chronicling their activities in certain fields, and also as to the requirements of House Resolution 217-under which this and all other staff reports have been prepared. While varying somewhat in phraseology and manner of persen- tation, the theme of these comments was essentially the same, namely Why has the staff disregarded the many "good things attributable to the foundations? The best-and the only answer-is that the work of the staff, includ- ing both research and the preparation of reports, has been carried out in the light of the language in the enabling resolution by which the committee * * * authorized and directed to conduct a full and complete study of educa- tional and philanthropic foundations * * * to determine if (they) are using their resources for purposes other than (those) * * * for which they were established, and especially * * * for un-American and subversive activities ; for political purposes ; propaganda, or attempts to influence legislation. -
Mid-Twentieth Century Science, Psychology, and the New York Times
Wesleyan University The Honors College who Paid the Piper: Mid-Twentieth Century Science, Psychology, and the New York Times by Lindsay Zelson Class of 2019 A thesis submitted to the faculty of Wesleyan University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Departmental Honors in History Middletown, Connecticut April, 2019 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………………………………………………..ii Author’s Note…………………………………………………………………………………………………………iii Archives Consulted………………………………………………………………………………………………….v Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 Chapter 1: 1950s…………………………………………………………………………………………………….21 Pulling Back the Curtains on Science News Production and Psychologists’ View of Public Relations Science Journalism in the Early Twentieth Century…………………………………….25 Sputnik Spurs Intrigue………………………………………………………………………………..27 New York Times Science and Science at Large in 1958…………………………………..34 Psychology and “Behavioral Sciences” in the Early 1950s……………………………51 Psychology, Press, and Public Relations in Wartime…………………………………..57 Roger W. Russell (1958) on Psychology and Government……………………………67 Chapter 2: 1960s……………………………………………………………………………………………………73 “The Manhattan Project of Social Sciences”? What is Out There? Efforts to Understand the Public Faces of Science and Psychology…………………………………………………………………………………………..76 Awards, Accessibility?, and Staffing: Early-Decade Newsroom Commotion………………………………………………………………………………………………..82 Meanwhile, Planning Global Ideological Warfare………………………………………87 Editors -
Newspapers, Patrick Huber; William M
1eman• orts July., 1961 The Press Lives by Disclosures Joseph Pulitz·er, Jr. The Press in the Cuban Fiasco Dom Bonafede What About Weeklies? John C. Obert Collingwood Views the Press Louis M. Lyons N·ewspapers Should 1Be for Highbrows Roland E. W olseley No News Is Bad News (China Again) Robert Karr McCabe Are We the Best Informed Nation? James W. Markham The Press and Its Critics Nathan B. Blumberg Trial By Newspap·er- The Supreme Court Rebukes The Press A Nieman Fellow at Harvard by Chanchal Sarkar-Nieman Fellows 1961-62; Nieman Notes; What's in a Name? Dorian J. Lester; Disinterested Students vs. Interested Newspapers, Patrick Huber; William M. Tugman, Newspaperman, Charles T. Duncan 2 NIEMAN REPORTS (Miss.) Enterprise-Journal; to study American history, government and economics. He is 31, a native of McComb, a graduate of the Uni NiemanReports versity of Mississippi. After serving in the Korean War he began work on his father's paper in McComb in 1954, then VOL. XV., NO. 3 JULY1961 worked two years on the Minneapolis Tribune, and re Published quarterly from 44 Holyoke House, Cambridge 38, turned to McComb as managing editor in 1957. In 1959 his Mass. Subscription $3 a year. Second-class postage paid at Boston, paper received the State Press Association award as the Massachusetts. most improved paper, and the next year won first award Nieman Reports is published by the Nieman Alumni Council: for general excellence. Piers Anderton, New York City; Barry Brown, Providence, R. 1.; JoHN A. HAMILTON, associate editor, Lynchburg (Va.) Norman A. -
Wed., Feb. 27, 1974 U . S . R O L E B E G I N S L E V E R T O N S E R I E S
Wed., Feb. 27, 1974 U. S. Role Begins Leverton Series By DAVID S. MICHELSON & down into three segments—mil DAVID R. BROUSELL itary, economic and political. The "The new role of the United economic and military is very States in the world" was the strong but the political aspect topic of discussion of a most is very weak at this time be distinguished panel, at the first cause of a lack of credibility. of the Leverton Lecture Series Anthony Lewis, New York of the semester, on Feb. 19 in Times columnist, carried this Fairleigh Dickinson University Becton Auditorium. idea one step further by saying Teaneck, New Jersey The first question asked by "there is a lack of consensus in Volume 14, No. 17 Moderator Lester Markel, for the Country today," there is no mer Sunday editor of the New political agreement on common York Times, "Is the United goals. States still a strong conutry?" Renowned journalist Harrison Dr. Nasarollah Fatemi, Di Salisbury, also fromer Associate rector of the Graduate Institute Editor of the New York Times, of Int'l Studies broke the answer stated that the national mood is one of rapproachment and with Drifters Dynamite the balance of nuclear power being a formidable considera tion. Representing the Republican At Greaser Night sector, David MacEachron, Vice Presiednt of the Council on For eign Affairs, pointed out the By K. J. KOZAK When the Belmonts concluded steps taken in foreign policy by their gig no one was any the the political leadership of Nixon In an atmosphere where grass sadder since they really "ate the and Kissinger in the opening of was something you walked on rag." Russia and China. -
Every Citizen a Statesman Building a Democracy for Foreign Policy in The
Every Citizen a Statesman Building a Democracy for Foreign Policy in the American Century David John Allen Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 David Allen All rights reserved Abstract Every Citizen a Statesman Building a Democracy for Foreign Policy in the American Century David Allen This dissertation asks how far Americans in the twentieth century reconciled the demands of global supremacy with the claims and realities of democracy. As an answer, it offers the first history of the movement for citizen education in world affairs. This movement, loose but coherent, acted on the belief that since the United States was a mass democracy, the creation of an interested, informed public for foreign policy was essential to its peace and security. After World War I, members of the foreign policy elite resolved to teach Americans to lead the world, and they created a network of new institutions to do so. The most important and visible of these institutions was the Foreign Policy Association, a non-profit, non-partisan group founded by New York progressives in 1918 to support Woodrow Wilson in the fight over the Treaty of Versailles. By 1925, it had morphed into the first true foreign policy think tank in the nation, with a research staff creating new, public-facing knowledge and disseminating it to a broadening public. The research staff’s Foreign Policy Reports and Foreign Policy Bulletin gave information to diplomats, scholars, editors, businessmen, lawyers, and teachers, information that was otherwise inaccessible. -
Mr. Markel” and Times Gone by by MARTHA WEINMAN LEAR Minions Never Saw As Happy As When He Have Been Trying for Months to Was Inflicting Torture Upon Us
Society of the Silurians LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS BANQUET The National Arts Club 15 Gramercy Park South Honoring Steve Shepard Wednesday, November 15, 2017 Drinks: 6 P.M. • Dinner: 7:15 P.M. Meet old friends and award winners Published by The Society of The Silurians, Inc., an organization 212-532-0887 of veteran New York City journalists founded in 1924 Members and One Guest $100 each Non-Members $120 NOVEMBER 2017 LifeBY LYNN POVICH with Steve Stephen Shepard, winner of this year’s Silurians’ award for lifetime achievement, for a half century has illuminated the journalist fraternity of New York and the world. For much of that time, he has been married to Lynn Povich, who was the first female Senior Editor of Newsweek, Editor-in-Chief of Working Woman mag- azine and Managing Editor/East Coast of MSNBC.com. Her book, The Good Girls Revolt, was published in 2012. The Si- lurian News asked Povich, who has been by his side for so many of his adventures and accomplishments, to reflect on her journey with Steve. teve was born to be a journalist. It just took him awhile to realize it. S In third grade, at PS 86 in the Bronx, he fell in love with penmanship, which he conflated with writing, and de- cided he should be a sports writer. But was he too shy to try out for the school newspaper at the Bronx High School of Science. At City College, he majored in engineering, but also took journalism courses with Professor Irving Rosenthal, who became a mentor. -
Pulitzer Prize Winners and Finalists, 1917-2021
WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................33 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................34 General News Reporting ........................................................................37 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................40 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................46 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................48 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................51 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................62 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................65 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................72 -
The American Press, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Cold War
“A Rising Clamor”: The American Press, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Cold War Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By David Putnam Hadley, MA Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Peter L. Hahn (co-advisor) Robert J. McMahon (co-advisor) Jennifer Siegel Copyright by David Putnam Hadley 2015 Abstract This dissertation examines the development of relationships between the U.S. press and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the Cold War, from shortly before the official creation of the CIA in 1947 to the major congressional investigations of the CIA in 1975-76. This dissertation seeks to answer four related questions. First, what was the nature and origin of the relationships that developed between the press and the CIA? Second, to what use did the CIA attempt to put such relationships? Third, what was the actual impact of press/CIA relationships on reporting? Finally, how did the CIA’s relations with the press affect the development of the agency? The efforts to answer these questions involved two main methods. The first method was an extensive examination of the product of domestic newspapers and journals from 1945 to 1976 that examined the activities of the CIA and the development of the U.S. intelligence system. The second method was archival research in private and institutional collections. I conclude that there was no single relationship formed between the CIA and the press. The CIA did have a program of operationally using reporters, though details remain difficult to determine.