A History in Three Rivers', Dungog Shire Heritage Study

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A History in Three Rivers', Dungog Shire Heritage Study A History in Three Rivers Dungog Shire Heritage Study Thematic History August 2014 Michael Williams Gresford Crossing source: Dungog Shire Heritage Study, Karskens, 1986 Ships at Clarence Town source: Dungog Shire Heritage Study Karskens, 1986 Mill on the Allyn River source: Dungog Shire Heritage Study, Karskens, 1986 carste STUDIO Pty Ltd Architects and Heritage Consultants Dungog Shire Thematic History A History in Three Rivers Dungog Shire Heritage Study – Thematic History Introduction p.4 Historical Overview & Chronology p.5 1. Natural evolution/environment p.10 2. Peopling Australia 2.1 Aboriginal p.15 2.2 Convict p.32 2.3 Ethnic influences p.39 3. Developing economies 3.1 Exploration p.42 3.2 Agriculture p.44 3.3 Dairying p.51 3.4 Pastoralism p.58 3.5 Forestry p.63 3.6 Commerce p.68 3.7 Industry p.75 3.8 Mining p.80 3.9 Transport p.83 3.10 Communication p.91 3.11 Health p.95 3.12 Events p.102 3.13 Environment Cultural landscape p.106 3.14 Technology p.109 3.15 Science p.114 4. Building settlements 4.1 Land Tenure p.115 4.2 Accommodation p.121 4.3 Towns and villages p.125 4.4 Utilities p.133 5. Working/labour p.135 6. Education p.140 2 Dungog Shire Thematic History 7. Governing 7.1 Administration p.155 7.2 Law & Order p.159 7.3 Defence p.163 7.4 Welfare p.167 8. Cultural life 8.1 Social Institutions p.172 8.2 Religion p.178 8.3 Domestic p.187 8.4 Leisure p.191 8.5 Sport p.198 8.6 Creative Endeavour p.202 9. Phases of life 9.1 Birth & Death p.204 9.2 Persons p.208 Appendices 1. Settlements p.212 2. Schools p.213 3. Social Institutions p.215 4. Churches p.217 5. Cemeteries p.218 Acknowledgments p.219 Bibliography p.220 3 Dungog Shire Thematic History Introduction This thematic history of Dungog Shire is based upon the themes produced by the Office of NSW Heritage and is part of a wider Dungog Shire Heritage Study. Such a thematic approach is intended to bring out a range of factors and features in a regional history that might otherwise go unnoticed in a more standard chronological or narrative historical approach. In addition, while not providing a listing of heritage items in itself, the thematic history is designed to enable the heritage of Dungog Shire to be placed within context more readily than might otherwise be the case.1 These numerous themes provide an excellent opportunity to highlight the role of many institutions, groups, families and individuals in the history of the Dungog Shire district. As well, they assist in focusing on often forgotten details, whether of domestic life, working life or technology, details of changes and influences that, while often small in themselves, can have a great impact, especially over time. A shire by the name of Dungog has only existed since 1958 when the Dungog Municipal Council merged with Wallarobba Shire (itself having only just added the Paterson and Vacy districts to its area), to create a new area of local government. Despite the relatively recent re-drawing of boundaries, the historical connections along the river valleys of the Paterson, Allyn and Williams, flowing from the Barringtons to join with the Hunter River, have a validity reaching back before the first European settlers. The title of this study - A History in Three Rivers - is deliberately chosen to highlight the significant role of the three main rivers of the area: the Williams, Paterson and Allyn Rivers.2 These rivers provide a unity to the history of the district that the term ‘Dungog Shire’ does not. While Dungog as a settlement appeared early, it was only one among many such settlements.3 The rivers and their valleys, on the other hand (including of course their many tributaries), have always played a significant role, providing divisions and boundaries, unities and separations that find a natural place in this history. It has been suggested that this history says more about wealthy males than it does poorer ones and women.4 This cannot be disputed, since, as with any history, this work is hostage to its sources and inevitably the wealthy and the prominent leave more in the way of records and evidence. However, within the brief of a heritage study, every effort has been made to include the full range of society and much has been said about tenant farmers, women and workers of various kinds. Nevertheless, this history too, particularly one commissioned and written to a deadline, must leave out more than can be included. In the past, once the printing was done, a work such as this was doomed to remain largely unmodified. However, modern technology now allows for easy alteration and continual improvement, and it is hoped that the community whose history this is will continue to contribute to and help to refine this work. 1 For this reason a list of ‘Heritage Survivals’ is appended at the end of each section. These lists are not intended to be complete but to highlight possible heritage items arising directly out of the history that for many reasons (political, social, legal, etc.) do not tend to make it onto ‘official’ heritage lists. 2 The Williams River was originally named the William River or River William and was gradually transformed into the Williams. It is referred to here always as the Williams River. 3 Where ‘Dungog’ appears alone it refers to the town itself. 4 Dungog Historical Society, Comments, p.1. 4 Dungog Shire Thematic History Historical Overview & Chronology 1800 – 1830: Early contact & Settlement 1801 First explorations The valleys of the Paterson, Allyn and Williams Rivers, to give of Hunter, them their recently bestowed European names, were home to many Williams & generations of the Gringai people. From the early 1800s, and with Paterson Rivers increasing intensity after the late 1820s, large portions of land were 1804 Convict timber granted to various individuals who moved up the valleys cutters 1812 Small holdings establishing farms and attempting to transform the landscape. begin (Paterson) 1821 Major land grants At the beginning of this period, exploration up the Hunter River begin (Paterson from Newcastle saw Europeans go as far as the navigation on the River) Williams River. By 1812, a number of small holdings were 1825 Small holdings begin (Clarence established around what became Clarence Town and Paterson. It Town) was not until the 1820s that large grants began, at first along the 1825 Courthouse & navigable section of the Paterson and Williams Rivers. By 1825, a Lockup (Old lockup was established on the Paterson River and the first land Banks) 1829 Major land grants grants began to be made higher up both the Williams and Allyn begin (Williams Rivers. In 1830, the ‘Limits of settlement’ for the Colony of NSW River) were defined and Durham County was one of the original nineteen counties within these limits. 1830 – 1860: Churches & Schools Grantees employing convict labour began to establish farms for 1831 William IV built sheep, cattle and crops such as wheat and corn. The heads of 1833 Court at Dungog navigation on the Williams and the Paterson Rivers became the 1834 School at Lowe’s transshipment points for the produce of these farms. The William IV shipyard was built on the Williams River at Clarence Town - the first ocean- (Clarence Town) going steamship built in Australia. In 1832, 90 acres were purchased 1835 Charley hanged at on the Paterson River for a town site (Paterson) and in the same year Dungog 1837 Blanket the settlement of Erringhi changed its name to Clarence Town. distribution to Dungog and Paterson received Courts of Petty Sessions in 1833 and Gringai people postal services were established by 1834. 1838 Barracks for troopers (Dungog) The hanging of a Gringai man at Dungog in 1835 marked a period of conflict. A few years later, a barracks for mounted troopers was built 1840 Bishop Polding at Dungog and blankets distributed to the Gringai. By the 1840s, four visits Dungog settlements of note – Paterson, Clarence Town, Dungog, and 1840 Catholic Chapel Gresford – were developing with a mix of government services Summer Hill (courts & lockups) and private businesses (inns & stores). 1842 St Ann’s Church (Presbyterian) 1844 Horse race In the generation following the initial grants, a mixed farm economy (Clarence Town) developed in the three valleys based on a combination of convict 1845 St Paul’s Church labour and free settlers, with the convict element quickly dwindling (Anglican) after 1840 with the ending of transportation. The main crops were 1846 Oddfellows wheat, corn, and tobacco, along with sheep and cattle, while timber (Paterson) 1848 Troopers was also cut. The pattern for both Dungog and Gresford was set from withdrawn this early time, with these towns positioned at the centre of 1849 First National prosperous agricultural districts supporting their existence and School (Clarence gradual growth. Their relative isolation from larger centres and the Town ) 5 Dungog Shire Thematic History coast also kept them from developing faster, while the size of the Paterson/Allyn Valley relative to the Williams Valley is reflected in the 1851 National School relative size of these two service centres. Clarence Town and Paterson (Dungog ) 1852 German also acted as service centres for their districts, but thrived largely as vinedressers in river ports transshipping goods between settlements further up their Allyn Valley respective valleys and the wider world. 1855 Two Presbyterian Churches at Dungog National Schools (later Public Schools) were early established at 1858 Rev Vanderkiste Clarence Town, Glen William, Brookfield and Dungog.
Recommended publications
  • To View More Samplers
    This sampler file contains various sample pages from the product. Sample pages will often include: the title page, an index, and other pages of interest. This sample is fully searchable (read Search Tips) but is not FASTFIND enabled. To view more samplers click here www.gould.com.au www.archivecdbooks.com.au The widest range of Australian, English, · Over 1600 rare Australian and New Zealand Irish, Scottish and European resources · books on fully searchable CD-ROM 11000 products to help with your research · Over 3000 worldwide A complete range of Genealogy software · · Including: Government and Police 5000 data CDs from numerous countries · gazettes, Electoral Rolls, Post Office and Subscribe to our weekly email newsletter Specialist Directories, War records, Regional FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK histories etc. www.unlockthepast.com.au · Promoting History, Genealogy and Heritage in Australia and New Zealand · A major events resource · regional and major roadshows, seminars, conferences, expos · A major go-to site for resources · free information and content, newsletters and blogs, speaker www.familyphotobook.com.au biographies, topic details www.findmypast.com.au · Includes a team of expert speakers, writers, organisations and commercial partners · Free software download to create 35 million local and family records for throughout Australia and New Zealand · professional looking personal photo books, Australian, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, and calendars and more Papua New Guinea New South Wales Government Gazette 1866 Ref. AU2100-1866 ISBN: 978 1 74222 694 1 This book was kindly loaned to Archive Digital Books Australasia by the University of Queensland Library www.library.uq.edu.au Navigating this CD To view the contents of this CD use the bookmarks and Adobe Reader’s forward and back buttons to browse through the pages.
    [Show full text]
  • Dungog Area Birding Route
    Hunter Region of NSW–Barrington Southern Slopes 5 CHICHESTER DAM 7 UPPER ALLYN RIVER There are several picnic areas available The Upper Allyn River rainforests start and also toilet facilities. Walking the 10km past the junction of Allyn River road between the first picnic areas and Road and Salisbury Gap Road (and those further down below the dam wall 40km from East Gresford). Here you can be very productive. will find many locations that offer There are generally not many water birds good birdwatching opportunities. Dungog on the dam but cormorants, egrets and Noisy Pitta (in summer), Superb coot are the more common. Hoary- Lyrebird, Eastern Whipbird and headed Grebe, Black Swan and White-browed and Large-billed Musk Duck are also possible. Scrubwren can easily be seen. Area Birding You won’t miss the bell-like Check the fig trees for pigeons and calls of the Bell Miner bowerbirds. The roads are good for colony in the vicinity. The dam finding Wonga Pigeons, and if you area is secured overnight by Powerful Owl are lucky, an Emerald Dove. Route a locked gate and opening There are several places worth checking along Allyn hours are: River Forest Road, particularly at the river crossings. HUNTER REGION 8am to 4pm – Mon to Fri Allyn River Forest Park and the nearby White Rock 8.30am to 4.30pm – Sat & Sun Camping Area are also recommended, and there Rufous Fantail is the possibility of finding a Sooty Owl at night and a Paradise Riflebird by day. Note that these sites 6 BLUE GUM LOOP TRAIL Barrington This popular 3.5km loop track starts from the Williams River are often crowded during school holidays and public Southern Slopes picnic area which lies 500m to the east of the end of the holiday weekends.
    [Show full text]
  • Government Gazette
    Government Gazette OF THE STATE OF NEW SOUTH WALES Week No. 26/2007 Friday, 29 June 2007 Published under authority by Containing numbers 82, 82A, 82B, 82C, 83 and 83A Government Advertising Pages 3909 – 4378 Level 9, McKell Building Freedom of Information Act 1989 2-24 Rawson Place, SYDNEY NSW 2001 Summary of Affairs Part 1 for June 2007 Phone: 9372 7447 Fax: 9372 7425 Containing number 84 (separately bound) Email: [email protected] Pages 1 – 272 CONTENTS Number 82 Native Vegetation Amendment (Private Native Forestry – Transitional) Regulation 2007 ................... 4075 SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT Photo Card Amendment (Fees And Penalty Notice State Emergency and Rescue Management Act 1989 ......... 3909 Offences) Regulation 2007 ......................................... 4077 Country Energy Compulsory Acquisition of Land Protection of The Environment Administration Regulation 2007 .......................................................... 4081 Number 82A Protection of the Environment Operations (General) Amendment (Licensing Fees) Regulation 2007 .......... 4093 SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT Public Lotteries Amendment (Licences) Regulation Electricity Supply Act 1995 ................................................ 3911 2007 ............................................................................ 4099 Real Property Amendment (Fees) Regulation 2007 ........ 4102 Number 82B Roads (General) Amendment (Penalty Notice SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT Offences) Regulation 2007 ......................................... 4110 Water Management Act 2000 – Hunter
    [Show full text]
  • Illa Langi Camp on the Hill
    www.girlguides-nswact.org.au copyright © Girl Guides NSW & ACT December 2015. SP1510 ILLA LANGI CAMP ON THE HILL Illa Langi is situated on the Paterson River, approx. 5km from Vacy. The land on which it stands was once known as The Bight. The Paterson River rises in the springs, high up under the south-west edge of the Barrington Tops. The Paterson joins the Allyn River at Vacy and the Hunter River near Morpeth. To the south-east of the campsite is Mount George. To the east across to Paterson is the Summer Hill property. The campsite was originally the Fisher’s Hill School (Bunna Bunnoo) and was established in 1871. After celebrating it’s centenary in 1971, it closed a few years later and was purchased by the Chichester and Hunter Valley Girl Guide Association in 1978, when it was renamed Illa Langi. FACILITIES WHERE TO FIND US ACCOMMODATION AMENITIES Grestford Illa Langi Cottage sleeps up to There are two bathrooms thirty people. It comprises of five (with four showers), one septic Torryburn x 28 bedrooms with fourteen double x 4 toilet inside and a seperate Grestford Road bunks and two single beds. building with four toilets, Mattresses, doonas and pillows and two showers outside. are provided, you will need to Bunnabunoo bring your own sheets, pillowcases, blankets or sleeping bags. CAMPING x 24 Campsite accommodates four KITCHEN Patrols plus Leaders. The large camping shed provides electricity, Vacy x 2 The kitchen provides two electric hot water and kitchen facilities. stoves, microwave, two fridges, Lambs Valley Martin’s Creek catering for up to thirty people with all china, cutlery and utensils included.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunter Investment Prospectus 2016 the Hunter Region, Nsw Invest in Australia’S Largest Regional Economy
    HUNTER INVESTMENT PROSPECTUS 2016 THE HUNTER REGION, NSW INVEST IN AUSTRALIA’S LARGEST REGIONAL ECONOMY Australia’s largest Regional economy - $38.5 billion Connected internationally - airport, seaport, national motorways,rail Skilled and flexible workforce Enviable lifestyle Contact: RDA Hunter Suite 3, 24 Beaumont Street, Hamilton NSW 2303 Phone: +61 2 4940 8355 Email: [email protected] Website: www.rdahunter.org.au AN INITIATIVE OF FEDERAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT WELCOMES CONTENTS Federal and State Government Welcomes 4 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Australia’s future depends on the strength of our regions and their ability to Introducing the Hunter progress as centres of productivity and innovation, and as vibrant places to live. 7 History and strengths The Hunter Region has great natural endowments, and a community that has shown great skill and adaptability in overcoming challenges, and in reinventing and Economic Strength and Diversification diversifying its economy. RDA Hunter has made a great contribution to these efforts, and 12 the 2016 Hunter Investment Prospectus continues this fine work. The workforce, major industries and services The prospectus sets out a clear blueprint of the Hunter’s future direction as a place to invest, do business, and to live. Infrastructure and Development 42 Major projects, transport, port, airports, utilities, industrial areas and commercial develpoment I commend RDA Hunter for a further excellent contribution to the progress of its region. Education & Training 70 The Hon Warren Truss MP Covering the extensive services available in the Hunter Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development Innovation and Creativity 74 How the Hunter is growing it’s reputation as a centre of innovation and creativity Living in the Hunter 79 STATE GOVERNMENT Community and lifestyle in the Hunter The Hunter is the biggest contributor to the NSW economy outside of Sydney and a jewel in NSW’s rich Business Organisations regional crown.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunter Economic Zone
    Issue No. 3/14 June 2014 The Club aims to: • encourage and further the study and conservation of Australian birds and their habitat • encourage bird observing as a leisure-time activity A Black-necked Stork pair at Hexham Swamp performing a spectacular “Up-down” display before chasing away the interloper - in this case a young female - Rod Warnock CONTENTS President’s Column 2 Conservation Issues New Members 2 Hunter Economic Zone 9 Club Activity Reports Macquarie Island now pest-free 10 Glenrock and Redhead 2 Powling Street Wetlands, Port Fairy 11 Borah TSR near Barraba 3 Bird Articles Tocal Field Days 4 Plankton makes scents for seabirds 12 Tocal Agricultural College 4 Superb Fairy-wrens sing to their chicks Rufous Scrub-bird Monitoring 5 before birth 13 Future Activity - BirdLife Seminar 5 BirdLife Australia News 13 Birding Features Birding Feature Hunter Striated Pardalote Subspecies ID 6 Trans-Tasman Birding Links since 2000 14 Trials of Photography - Oystercatchers 7 Club Night & Hunterbirding Observations 15 Featured Birdwatching Site - Allyn River 8 Club Activities June to August 18 Please send Newsletter articles direct to the Editor, HBOC postal address: Liz Crawford at: [email protected] PO Box 24 New Lambton NSW 2305 Deadline for the next edition - 31 July 2014 Website: www.hboc.org.au President’s Column I’ve just been on the phone to a lady that lives in Sydney was here for a few days visiting the area, talking to club and is part of a birdwatching group of friends that are members and attending our May club meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • Thematic History
    DUNGOG SHIRE HERITAGE STUDY THEMATIC HISTORY by GRACE KARSKENS B.A., M.A. prepared for PERUMAL, WRATHALL and MURPHY PTY LTD ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNERS in association with CAMERON MCNAMARA March, 1986 Accompanying Volumes Final Report Specialist Reports DUNGOG HERITAGE STUDY THEMATIC HISTORY Prepared by: Perumal Murphy Pty. Ltd in association with Cameron McNamara For Dungog Shire Council Heritage Council of NSW July 1988 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank the following persons and organizations for their assistance and advice. Archives Authority of N.S.W. Mr. Cameron Archer, Paterson Mrs. Pauline Clements, Paterson Mr. Reg Ford, Clarence Town Mrs. Marie Grogan, Dungog Mr. Brian Hartcher, Dungog Shire Council Mr. Don McLaren, Dungog Mitchell Library, Sydney Newcastle Local History Library Mr. Bryan Spencer, Gresford Mr. Jack Sullivan, Merewether CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Theme 1 : The Natural Environment 2 Theme 2 : The Aborigines 10 Theme 3 : Discovery, Exploration and Early Settlement 16 Theme 4 : The First Wave: Land Settlement 1820 - c1836 23 Theme 5 : The Early Government Influence 49 Theme 6 : The Growth of Towns and Transport Networks 61 Theme 7 : The Development of Communities 123 Theme 8 : Industries 151 Theme 9 : Post-war Period : Looking Back for the Future 200 INTRODUCTION The history of Dungog Shire presents a vivid kaleidoscope of the movement of peoples, the enterprise of individuals, the impact of economic conditions and of technological innovations, the rise and decline of towns, and the development of strong communities. The factors are interacting; the fabric of the past is closely woven. In this attempt to understand the Shire's past, and thus its present landscapes and material culture, the subject has been divided into nine themes focusing on key aspects of the Shire's development, and these themes are interrelated in order to reflect the past holistically, as a "fabric".
    [Show full text]
  • Sendle Zones
    Suburb Suburb Postcode State Zone Cowan 2081 NSW Cowan 2081 NSW Remote Berowra Creek 2082 NSW Berowra Creek 2082 NSW Remote Bar Point 2083 NSW Bar Point 2083 NSW Remote Cheero Point 2083 NSW Cheero Point 2083 NSW Remote Cogra Bay 2083 NSW Cogra Bay 2083 NSW Remote Milsons Passage 2083 NSW Milsons Passage 2083 NSW Remote Cottage Point 2084 NSW Cottage Point 2084 NSW Remote Mccarrs Creek 2105 NSW Mccarrs Creek 2105 NSW Remote Elvina Bay 2105 NSW Elvina Bay 2105 NSW Remote Lovett Bay 2105 NSW Lovett Bay 2105 NSW Remote Morning Bay 2105 NSW Morning Bay 2105 NSW Remote Scotland Island 2105 NSW Scotland Island 2105 NSW Remote Coasters Retreat 2108 NSW Coasters Retreat 2108 NSW Remote Currawong Beach 2108 NSW Currawong Beach 2108 NSW Remote Canoelands 2157 NSW Canoelands 2157 NSW Remote Forest Glen 2157 NSW Forest Glen 2157 NSW Remote Fiddletown 2159 NSW Fiddletown 2159 NSW Remote Bundeena 2230 NSW Bundeena 2230 NSW Remote Maianbar 2230 NSW Maianbar 2230 NSW Remote Audley 2232 NSW Audley 2232 NSW Remote Greengrove 2250 NSW Greengrove 2250 NSW Remote Mooney Mooney Creek 2250 NSWMooney Mooney Creek 2250 NSW Remote Ten Mile Hollow 2250 NSW Ten Mile Hollow 2250 NSW Remote Frazer Park 2259 NSW Frazer Park 2259 NSW Remote Martinsville 2265 NSW Martinsville 2265 NSW Remote Dangar 2309 NSW Dangar 2309 NSW Remote Allynbrook 2311 NSW Allynbrook 2311 NSW Remote Bingleburra 2311 NSW Bingleburra 2311 NSW Remote Carrabolla 2311 NSW Carrabolla 2311 NSW Remote East Gresford 2311 NSW East Gresford 2311 NSW Remote Eccleston 2311 NSW Eccleston 2311 NSW Remote
    [Show full text]
  • Government Gazette of the STATE of NEW SOUTH WALES Number 29 Friday, 6 February 2009 Published Under Authority by Government Advertising
    559 Government Gazette OF THE STATE OF NEW SOUTH WALES Number 29 Friday, 6 February 2009 Published under authority by Government Advertising LEGISLATION Announcement Online notification of the making of statutory instruments Following the commencement of the remaining provisions of the Interpretation Amendment Act 2006, the following statutory instruments are to be notified on the official NSW legislation website (www.legislation.nsw.gov.au) instead of being published in the Gazette: (a) all environmental planning instruments, on and from 26 January 2009, (b) all statutory instruments drafted by the Parliamentary Counsel’s Office and made by the Governor (mainly regulations and commencement proclamations) and court rules, on and from 2 March 2009. Instruments for notification on the website are to be sent via email to [email protected] or fax (02) 9232 4796 to the Parliamentary Counsel's Office. These instruments will be listed on the “Notification” page of the NSW legislation website and will be published as part of the permanent “As Made” collection on the website and also delivered to subscribers to the weekly email service. Principal statutory instruments also appear in the “In Force” collection where they are maintained in an up-to-date consolidated form. Notified instruments will also be listed in the Gazette for the week following notification. For further information about the new notification process contact the Parliamentary Counsel’s Office on (02) 9321 3333. 560 LEGISLATION 6 February 2009 Proclamations New South Wales Proclamation under the Brigalow and Nandewar Community Conservation Area Act 2005 MARIE BASHIR,, Governor I, Professor Marie Bashir AC, CVO, Governor of the State of New South Wales, with the advice of the Executive Council, and in pursuance of section 16 (1) of the Brigalow and Nandewar Community Conservation Area Act 2005, do, by this my Proclamation, amend that Act as set out in Schedule 1.
    [Show full text]
  • RIVERDENE TUBESTOCK (50X50x150mm)
    RIVERDENE TUBESTOCK (50x50x150mm) KEY : B= Bushtucker G= Grass F = Fodder A = Aquatic T = Timber Production C = Groundcover O = Ornamental (non Native) FN – Fern V – Vine/Climber NAME COMMON NAME COMMENT sandstone areas of the Bulga & Putty districts. Frost & sweetly scented yellow flowers. Grows to 1.5m. Abrophyllum ornans - Native Hydrangea- Tall shrub or drought hardy. Responds well to regular pruning. small tree from 3-6m high. Attractive bushy shrub, best Acacia buxifolia - Box Leaf Wattle - Evergreen shrub to B Acacia decurrens - Green Wattle - A fast growing small in a cool moist position in well drained soils. Ideal with 2m, blue green foliage and massed golden yellow to intermediate spreading tree with attractive dark green ferns. Flowers yellowish white & fragrant. Hardy to light flowers. Best in well drained soils but will withstand short fern-like foliage, & large racemes of yellow ball-flowers in drought only. periods of waterlogging. Full or part shade. Winter. Acacia amblygona - Fan Wattle - Small, spreading shrub Acacia concurrens –Curracabah - Shrub or small tree to Acacia doratoxylon – Currawong - Tall shrub or small ranging from completely prostrate in habit to about 1.5 8m high. Rod like flowers, bright yellow in spring. Very tree up to 8 meters high. Best in well drained soil in full metres high. It has bright yellow flowers over winter and hardy & useful small shade tree. Best in full sun & well sun or dappled shade. Useful forage for farm stock. spring. Likes well drained soils and sunny aspect. drained soil. Frost hardy. Hardy to frost and drought when established. Acacia barringtonensis – Barrington - Decorative shrub Acacia coriacea – Wirewood - Tall shrub 4-5m high.
    [Show full text]
  • Government Gazette of the STATE of NEW SOUTH WALES Number 187 Friday, 28 December 2007
    Government Gazette OF THE STATE OF NEW SOUTH WALES Number 187 Friday, 28 December 2007 Published under authority by Communications and Advertising Summary of Affairs FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT 1989 Section 14 (1) (b) and (3) Part 3 All agencies, subject to the Freedom of Information Act 1989, are required to publish in the Freedom of Information Government Gazette, an up-to-date Summary of Affairs. The requirements are specified in section 14 of Part 2 of the Freedom of Information Act. The Summary of Affairs has to contain a list of each of the Agency's policy documents, advice on how the agency's most recent Statement of Affairs may be obtained and contact details for accessing this information. The Summaries have to be published by the end of June and the end of December each year and need to be delivered to Communications and Advertising two weeks prior to these dates. CONTENTS LOCAL COUNCILS Page Page Page Armidale Dumaresq Council 429 Gosford City Council 567 Richmond Valley Council 726 Ashfield Municipal Council 433 Goulburn Mulwaree Council 575 Riverina Water County Council 728 Auburn Council 435 Greater Hume Shire Council 582 Rockdale City Council 729 Ballina Shire Council 437 Greater Taree City Council 584 Rous County Council 732 Bankstown City Council 441 Great Lakes Council 578 Shellharbour City Council 736 Bathurst Regional Council 444 Gundagai Shire Council 586 Shoalhaven City Council 740 Baulkham Hills Shire Council 446 Gunnedah Shire Council 588 Singleton Council 746 Bega Valley Shire Council 449 Gwydir Shire Council 592
    [Show full text]
  • Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era a B Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era I
    Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era A B Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era i A State Library of NSW & Newcastle Art Gallery partnership exhibition Sponsored by Noble Resources International Australia Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era iii FOREWord The State Library of NSW is delighted to be presenting this exhibition, Treasures of Newcastle from the Macquarie Era, in partnership with Newcastle Art Gallery. The discovery of the Wallis album in a cupboard in Ontario, Canada, was part of the impetus for this stunning exhibition. The album brilliantly depicts the early European settlement of Newcastle, or Coal River as it was then known. This treasured heirloom is Captain James Wallis’ personal record of his time in NSW —clearly a high point in his career as a British colonial officer. What is so special about the album is that it includes original watercolours and drawings which show how interested he was in this new country and in its people. He made friends with some local Indigenous Awakabal people and painted them from life, adding their names. In addition to laying the foundations for the city and port which Newcastle became, Wallis was a patron of art and craft. He commissioned paintings and engravings by convict artists and had the incomparably wonderful Collector’s Chest made as a gift for Governor Macquarie. Returning to Newcastle for the first time in 195 years, thanks to support from Noble Resources International Australia and the partnership between the Newcastle Art Gallery and the State Library of NSW, the Macquarie Collector’s Chest is a marvellous centrepiece of this exhibition which has been expertly brought together by Emeritus Curator Elizabeth Ellis.
    [Show full text]