The aporia of « ἐκ pantὸς in Posterior Analytics II.19 Adam Crager https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-512X University of California, Los Angeles Department of Philosophy Los Angeles, CA USA
[email protected] Article Info: CDD:185 Received: 03.10.2019; Accepted: 07.10.2019 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-6045.2019.V42N4.AC Keywords: Aristotle Posterior Analytics II.19 Episteme Ancient Greek philosophy Ancient Greek epistemology Abstract: This article sketches, and works to motivate, a controversial approach to Posterior Analytics II.19. But its primary goal is to recommend a novel solution to one ∗Parts of this article has been presented to audiences at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Humboldt- Univerität zu Berlin, and the UCLA “Aristotle Bash”. The text that follows has benefitted greatly these discussions, as well as written comments from Lucas Angioni, Fernanda Izidorio, Whit- ney Schwab, and Breno Zuppolini. Manuscrito – Rev. Int. Fil. Campinas, v. 42, n. 4, pp. 387-438, Oct-Dec. 2019. Adam Crager 388 particular interpretive aporia that’s especially vexed recent scholars working on Post. An. II.19. The aporia concerns how to understand the enigmatic ¯eek pantos... (≈ “or from all...”) in the genealogical account of foundational knowl- edge at II.19 100a3-9. Our proposed solution to the aporia is discussed in connection with a number of larger philo- sophical issues concerning Aristotle’s theory of epist¯em¯e. 1 Introduction For better or worse, Post. An. II.19 is today the most widely studied chapter in the whole of Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics.