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Guide to the Oscar García Rivera Papers

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Guide to the Oscar García Rivera Papers Guide to the Oscar García Rivera Papers Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños Hunter College, CUNY 2180 Third Avenue @ 119th St., Rm. 120 New York, New York 10035 (212) 396-7877 www.centropr.hunter.cuny.edu Descriptive Summary Resumen descriptivo Creator: Oscar García Rivera, 1900-1969 Creador: Oscar García Rivera, 1900-1969 Title: The Oscar García Rivera Papers Título: The Oscar García Rivera Papers Inclusive Dates: 1912-1988 Años extremos: 1912-1988 Bulk Dates: 1937-1950s Período Principal: 1937-1950s Volume: 3.0 cubic feet Volumen: 3.0 pies cúbicos Repository: Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora, Repositorio: Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora, Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños Abstract: Politician, lawyer, community activist. First Nota de resumen: Oscar García Rivera fue el primer Puerto Rican elected to public office in the U.S. An puertorriqueño electo a un cargo público en Estados important source for the study of early Puerto Rican Unidos. Esta colección es un recurso importante para political life and of the existent conditions of the East estudiar la vida política de las primeras comunidades (Spanish) Harlem community in the first part of the puertorriqueñas y las condiciones existentes en el Este twentieth century. In addition, it provides a viewfinder into de Harlem (El Barrio) a principios del siglo veinte. Los labor politics and the political and social alliances created documentos proveen una apertura a las políticas amongst emerging ethnic communities in New York City. laborales, la política partidista y las alianzas sociales Collection consists of correspondence, speeches, entre las comunidades étnicas emergentes en la Ciudad articles, photographs, subject file, and printed matter de Nueva York. La colección contiene correspondencia, pertaining to the political career of Oscar García Rivera. discursos, artículos, fotografías, archivo de temas y otros materiales impresos relacionados a la carrera política de Oscar García Rivera. Administrative Information Información administrativa Collection Number: 1998-09 Número de colección: 1998-09 Provenance: Gift of José Noriega as obtained from Origen: Una donación de José Noriega, quién lo adquirió Eloísa Rivera Rivera. de Eloísa Rivera Rivera. Processing History: Processed with a grant from the Historia del procesado: Subvencionado con fondos de National Historical Publications and Records la National Historical Publications and Records Commission. Funding was also provided by a Commission y una asignación especial del Congreso a congressional directed initiative sponsored by instancias del congresista José Serrano y administrado Congressman José Serrano and administered by the por el Institute for Museum and Library Services. Institute for Museum and Library Services. Documentación separada: Las tarjetas postales sin Transfers: Blank and undated postcards were usar y sin fecha fueron transferidas a la colección general transferred to the Centro’s General Postcard Collection. de tarjetas postales de la biblioteca del Centro. Copyright: Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños, Hunter Derechos de autor: Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños, College, CUNY. Hunter College, CUNY. Other finding aids: Other version of this finding aid was Otra guía: Otra versión de esta guía fue creada como created as part of Ventana Al Pasado: Building a parte del proyecto Ventana al pasado: Colección de Latino/Hispanic Online Research Collection. The New investigación en línea Latino/Hispano coauspiciado por York State Archives and Centro de Estudios los archivos del estado de Nueva York y el Centro de Puertorriqueños received funding for this project from the Estudios Puertorriqueños mediante una subvención de la National Endowment for the Humanities. Fundación Nacional para las Humanidades. Restrictions: Open to researchers Restricciónes a la consulta: Ninguna Additional Physical Form Available: This collection has Forma física adicional disponible: Esta colección ha been microfilmed and is available on 1 reel. Researchers sido microfilmada en 1 rollo. Aquellos investigadores interested in purchasing microfilm copies should contact interesados en la compra de copias en microfilm deberán Centro. ponerse en contacto con el Centro. Preferred Citation: The Oscar García Rivera Papers, Ficha de referencia: The Oscar García Rivera Papers, Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora, Centro de Archives of the Puerto Rican Diaspora, Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños, Hunter College, CUNY. Estudios Puertorriqueños, Hunter College, CUNY. Processing Archivist: Mario H. Ramírez Procesado por el archivista: Mario H. Ramírez Date: March 2003. Guide was revised in 2005 by Pedro Fecha: Marzo del 2003. Guía fue revisada en el 2005 por Juan Hernández and Nélida Pérez. Pedro Juan Hernández y Nélida Pérez. 1 OSCAR GARCIA RIVERA (1900 - 1969) Biographical Note: Nota biográfica: Oscar García Rivera was the first Puerto Rican to be Oscar García Rivera fue el primer puertorriqueño electo elected to public office in the continental United States. a un cargo público en Estados Unidos. Sirvió como Serving in the New York State Assembly from 1937 to Asambleísta del Estado de Nueva York por el distrito 17, 1940, he represented the 17th Assembly District that que comprendía el Este de Harlem, gracias a una included East (Spanish) Harlem and was a member of coalición del Partido Republicano y el Partido Laborista both the Republican and American Labor parties. Americano (American Labor Party, ALP) en los años de 1937 al 1940. García Rivera was born in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico on November 6, 1900 to a relatively prosperous family who owned a coffee farm (Some documents cite his date of birth as February 26, 1902). There he attended the Escuela Central Grammar (Junior High School), where he was valedictorian of his graduating class in 1921, and graduated from Mayagüez High School, as Class President, in 1925. Traveling to New York shortly after his graduation, García Rivera eventually moved to the city in 1926 where he initially held a part-time job at the Boerum and Pease Binder factory in Brooklyn. Upon successfully passing his Postal Clerk examinations, he was appointed to a position in the City Hall Postal Office. Here, García Rivera became active in the Postal Clerks’ Union of America and helped encourage other Puerto Rican and Hispanic employees to participate in the union and advocate for higher wages and better working conditions. In 1930, García Rivera was among the first graduates of the newly inaugurated St. John’s University School of Law. Admitted to the Bar in April of 1935, he established a law practice in his apartment on West 110th Street and would later relocate to 113th Street and Fifth Avenue. In the latter location, he provided pro-bono representation and legal advice to mainly working-class and poor Puerto Rican and Latino clients. García Rivera would later move his practice to Wall Street. Motivated by the ongoing racism and apathy towards issues concerning the Puerto Rican community by the political machine at Tammany García Rivera hijo de dueños de una finca de café nació Hall, García Rivera ran for public office as a Republican en la municipalidad de Mayagüez el 6 de noviembre del in 1937 with the support of a coalition of Independent 1900; sin embargo en otros documentos aparece con Democrats, leftists, fusionists, labor unions, and fecha de nacimiento de 26 de Febrero de 1902. Allí Republicans. Successfully attaining office that same asistió a la Escuela intermedia Central Grammar donde year, he was re-elected to successive terms in 1938 and obtuvo el mejor promedio de la clase del 1921 y cuatro 1939, serving a total of three years in the New York State años más tarde fue el Presidente de la clase graduanda Assembly; the latter of which he served under the de la Escuela Superior de Mayagüez. Al finalizar sus auspices of the American Labor Party. During his terms in estudios viajó y eventualmente emigró a Nueva York en office, García Rivera emphasized issues of child labor, el año de 1926. Consiguió trabajos a tiempo parcial en protective laws for workers, labor services, and anti- las factorías de Boerum y Pease Binder localizadas en discrimination legislation. In 1939, the Assembly passed Brooklyn. Luego de aprobar los exámenes de Oficinista his "Unemployment Insurance Bill." Subsequent bills de Correos fue asignado a trabajar en la Oficina Postal sought to establish minimum hours and wages for working de la Alcaldía. Como empleado del correo ingresó y people, the creation of a Wage Board within the Labor participó activamente en la Unión de Empleados Postales 2 Department, and the right of employees to organize and de América, asumió el rol de alentar a los miembros negotiate grievances. puertorriqueños e hispanos a participar activamente en su unión y de abogar por mejores salarios y condiciones Towards the end of his terms in office, García Rivera de trabajo. continued to be politically active and served as a delegate to the National Republican convention in Philadelphia in Se graduó en la primera clase de la Escuela de Leyes de 1940. He also served as Executive Secretary of the New la Universidad de St. John, en el año de 1930. Fue York Puerto Rican Republican Association. In 1956, he admitido a ejercer la profesión en abril del 1935. Abrió su committed another first by becoming the first Puerto Rican primer bufete en su residencia en el oeste de la calle 110 to be nominated as the Republican candidate for Justice y luego en la calle 113 con Quinta avenida. En esta última of the City Court. Since his admittance to the Bar, García oficina, ofrecía servicios gratuitos a las clases Rivera was an active member of the legal community and necesitadas y contaba entre su clientela a served as President and Board Member of the Puerto puertorriqueños y otros latinos de la clase trabajadora o Rican Bar Association of New York. de escasos recursos económicos. Eventualmente, mudó su oficina legal al área de Wall Street. Cansado de la discriminación racial y la apatía ante las necesidadeas de la comunidad puertorriqueña decidió correr contra la maquinaria de Tammany Hall.
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