(IOM/SLO) in Addis Ababa IOM PRESENCE in ETHIOPIA

Annual IOM OIM Report 2013/14

International Organization for Migration Special Liaison Office (IOM/SLO) in Addis Ababa IOM PRESENCE IN ETHIOPIA

IOM Presence in Ethiopia ETHIOPIA: Administrative Map (as of 14 January 2011)

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UGANDA KENYA IND

EDITORIAL The IOM Mission

SLO Addis Communication Group IOM is committed to the principle that humane and Editor/Designer: Alemayehu Seifeselassie orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As the Copy editor: Brian Corry / Yuko Tomita leading international organization for migration, IOM acts International Organization for Migration with partners in the international community to: Special Liaison Office (SLO) in Addis Ababa • Uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants P.O.Box 25283 Code 1000 Addis Ababa • Assist in meeting the growing operational challenges Tel +251 116 611 097/98 of migration management Fax +251 116 611 101 • Advance understanding of migration issues Email: [email protected] www.iom.int • Encourage social and economic development AnnualIOM OIM Report 2013/14

International Organization for Migration Special Liaison Office (IOM/SLO) in Addis Ababa COnTEnTS 1 Acknowledgement

2 Foreword TS 3 Executive Summary

4 IOM SLO in Ethiopia

6 2013/2014 Highlights

10 Emergency Operation

14 Refugee Resettlement and Movement Assistance

16 Migration Management

TE n 22 Migration and Health

24 Migrant well-being and Development

26 AU/ECA/IGAD Liaison Functions

28 CANVAC IOM SLO Canada Visa Application Center

30 World Migration Report

32 International Migrants Days

34 UNDAF Allignment COn

Annual Report 2013 /14 FOREWORD The years 2013/14 marked a significant milestone with the launching and implementation of the national public movement against human trafficking and the setup of a National Council to coordinate efforts against human trafficking and smuggling in Ethiopia. IOM congratulated the Government of Ethiopia for successfully setting up the National Council. IOM promises to continue its support to the Government’s effort to tackle human trafficking and smuggling in Ethiopia. As the African Union embarked on a new era, celebrating its golden jubilee, IOM extends its best wishes for the fulfilment and realization of the African dream. IOM hopes the future is bright for Africa and continued to work in partnership with this beautiful and emerging continent. Since the signature of a Cooperation Agreement between the two organizations in 2006, IOM and the African Union Com- mission have been working in close partnership on various Migration related policies and programs. Impor- tant continental policy documents such as the African Common Position on Migration and Development, the Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Especially Women and Children and the Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the Kampala Convention) are worth mentioning in this regard. With a field presence in 41 Countries, IOM works closely with African governments, constituting a third of its Member States (53 out of 150) to address the migration challenges of the continent. According to various studies, intraregional migration represents the most common form of migration in Africa. In addition, IOM has continued to work closely with the regional blocks in the different parts of the continent in Southern Africa with SADC, in the Horn of Africa with IGAD, in East Africa with EAC, in Central Africa with ECCAS) through regional initiatives on migration and the smooth operation of dialogue under the framework of Regional Consultative Processes (RCP) on migration. Among the major challenges in the year 2013, the emergency assistance operation for Ethiopian returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is worth mentioning. IOM has responded to the Ethiopian Government’s request for assistance in dealing with the mass expulsion. In this regard, IOM’s swift response will not have been successful without the dedicated effort of its staff, the Government of Ethiopia, the Ethiopian diaspora community and IOM’s partners and donors. The mission in Ethiopia would like to thank the Government of Ethiopia, donors, its partners and staff for their support in dealing with such a massive challenge. IOM would also like to appreciate the Ethiopian Government for keeping an open door to its neighbours fleeing from South Sudan, Sudan, Somalia, and Eritrea from war and unfavourable conditions in their countries.

Josiah Ogina IOM SLO Chief of Mission and Representative to the AU/ECA/IGAD

1 IOM SLO Ethiopia

2 Annual Report 2013 /14 ExECUTIvE SUMMARY As Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn calls for a nationwide effort against human trafficking and smuggling, the year 2013 has set a land mark on the launch of the fight against irregular migration at a national level. Taking this initiative to action, the year 2014 has been filled with diffrent anti-trafficking activities. IOM has supported this effort and stood together with the Government in fighting smugling, trafficking and irregular migration. As Ethiopia continued to face major challenges with irregular migration, IOM has continued its direct support to the Government. IOM Ethiopia is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society and will continue to support the Government of Ethiopia. This publication summarizes major achievements and activities of the International Organization for Migration (IOM SLO Ethiopia) experienced in the year 2013/14. As the Organization becomes more robust, IOM has strengthened its engagement with humanitarian response, prevention of human trafficking and smuggling, including secondary movement, labour migration and diaspora engagement. For instance, the introduction of Ethiopia’s new Diaspora Policy in 2013 has marked a major step in engaging the diaspora in different nationwide developmental efforts. Some other highlights include IOM’s support to the Government of Ethiopia in different reintegration and reinsertion assistance of citizens in different regions, including former combatants from Sudan and stranded Ethiopian migrants from various countries. Due to changes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)’s foreign workers legislation and the subsequent crackdown on irregular migration, over a 160,000 Ethiopian migrants were expelled from the country to Ethiopia over the period of a couple of months in late 2013 and early 2014. In the wake of this crackdown on irregular migrants, IOM provided post-arrival and reintegration assistance to the Ethiopian returnees. In the year 2014 Ethiopia became a country which hosts the largest number of refugees in the world following the war in South Sudan. IOM has also been called to provide its assistance to deal with more than 180,000 South Sudanese refugees who migrated to Ethiopia fleeing war and unrest. The year also witnesed the organizing of the fourth Regional Committee on Mixed Migration for the Horn of Africa and Yemen in Addis Ababa. The aim was to improve multi-state collaboration to make and endorse recommendations that will serve as a roadmap for influencing policies affecting migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers in the region. An additional major highlight of 2014 is the collaboration be tween IOM and the Government of Ethiopia on diaspora engagement. In this regard, a diaspora mapping seminar was organized in response to the request for support specified by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during the discussions in 2014.

3 IOM SLO Ethiopia

IOM IN ETHIOPIA

IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. In Ethiopia, the IOM Special Liaison Office (SLO) works with the Government of Ethio- pia, the African Union (AU), the UN Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), the Intergovern- mental Authority for Development (IGAD), migrants, and other stakeholders to uphold the rights and needs of migrants, promote the benefits and address the challenges of migration, and mitigate the related risks to the advantage of all. Activities of IOM SLO in Ethiopia include humanitarian response to various crises; including providing assistance to disaster affected populations (IDPs, refugees, returnees and host communities); migration management, including addressing human trafficking, irregular migration and secondary movement; health and migration issues including pre- departure medical screening for migrants and refugees; and labour migration and human development. IOM SLO also undertakes liaison activities with various stakeholders to enhance research, policy development and dialogue on migration related matters. Its advocacy efforts focus on mainstreaming migration in policy development at the continental level through its partnership with the AU, ECA and IGAD.

NFI distribution for Ethiopian returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at Bole International Airport © IOM 2013

4 Annual Report 2013 /14

5 IOM SLO Ethiopia

The year 2013 has been filled with events that relate to migration. IOM has taken part in but not limited to 2013 the following events. MAr

JAn 20th Ordinary Session of the World TB Day Assembly of Walk Heads of State and Government IOM Deputy of the African Director Union General Visits Ethiopia MAr IOM Conducts TOT Training on Information MAr Management in Disasters IOM Signs MOU with the Government of Ethiopia to Enhance National Capacities for Prevention of Trafficking in Persons

Jun 03 P.M. HailemariamDesalegn calls for nation wide effort against human trafficking and smuggling Jun

MAY

OAU/AU Golden Jubilee Celebration Ethiopia Introduces New Diaspora Policy 3rd IGAD RCP Held in Addis Ababa

6 Annual Report 2013 /14

The Reintegration of Former Combatants of BPLM Officially Launched

nOv Oct

IOM conducts International Migration Law training

nOv IOM conducts Network of Victim Assistance Service Providers workshop nOv nOv U.S. Assistant IOM launches Secretary of World State Anne Migration Richard visits Report 2013 IOM Transit Centre

IOM launches Overseas DEc Refugee Vaccination IOM marks Pilot Project International Migrants Day nOv DEc Post-arrival Assistance to Ethiopian Returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

7 IOM SLO Ethiopia

IOM Forum Theatre tours in rural villages in Ethiopia

IOM Ethiopia started JAn FEB the South Sudanese refugee border evacuation from Akobo-Tergol riverside (Gambella village) MAr

IOM signs a project implementation agreement with the Federal Police Commission and the Amhara National Regional State

Jun ETHIOPIAN DIASPORA SENDS DONATION to Returnees from Saudi Arabia Jun Jun AU donates Community supports Dialogue IOM’s Training Emergency Goes to the Operations in Regions Chad

IOM engages the local MAY media on IOM supports irregular ETHIOPIAN migration NATIONAL ACTION PLAN AGAINST human APR Trafficking Jun IOM AND MOFA ORGANIZE DIASPORA MAPPING SEMINAR

8 Annual Report 2013 /14

The year 2014 has been filled with events that relate to migration. IOM has taken part in but not limited to the following events. 2014 Oct Aug

IOM trains police and government IOM provides officials on livelihood identification, assistance protection to refugees and referral in Gambella of vulnerable Region migrants

SEP IOM Briefs Ethiopian Diplomats Oct on Diaspora Mapping FIRST REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND SMUGGLING IN THE HORN OF AFRICA - SUDAN KHARTOUM

nOv IOM in collaboration with the Italian Institute Addis Ababa organized Surprising Europe III

DEc DEc

IOM DELIVERS OVER 18,000 VACCINES Stranded Ethiopian Migrants Return FOR REFUGEES IN ONE YEAR Home from Tanzania

9 IOM SLO Ethiopia EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

The Emergency and Post Crisis Unit (EPC) reaches out to tens of thousands of vulnerable populations affected by disaster in multiple regions of Ethiopia. EPC’s response includes gender conscious targeted interventions for displacement caused by natural and man-made disasters in the form of Emergency Shelter and Non-food Items, internal displacement monitoring, capacity building and transitional shelter construction. EPC is also responsible for Emergency Shelter/Non-Food Items (ES/NFI) Cluster lead coordination at the national and regional level. Furthermore, EPC’s strong partnership with Federal, Regional, Zonal and Woreda level authorities and its participation in Government and Humanitarian Community coordination meetings positions it well to provide effective and efficient support to affected communities. The unit is also working on the reintegration phase of a Government Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration project. EPC was also engaged in conducting various research activities that aimed at identifying root causes of recurrent disasters as well as causes of protracted displacements in various regions of Ethiopia. The research findings were presented to policy makers and private/public developers in an effort to advocate remedial actions are taken by responsible actors. Such efforts include study of causal factors of recurrent flooding and consequent displacements in Gambella and Somali regions and conflict studies in Afar, Somali and Oromia regions. On the other hand the unit has also supported regions such as Somali in developing durable solution strategy to address the needs and plights of protracted IDPs. These efforts were combined results of a number of projects with wide spectrum of aspirations and with contributions and support from various donors. 2013 Humanitarian assistance and durable solutions for Internally displaced persons in Ethiopia: Aiming to enhancc emergency response mechanisms for displaced people in Ethiopia - mainly through the strengthening of coordination, logistical capacity, prepositioning and distribution of NFIs and displacement monitoring, IOM continued to monitor and report displacements in Ethiopia through the quarterly issued Internal Displacement Monitoring Report (IDMR). The report combines statistics for displaced populations with their locations shown on maps. The report attempts to indicate the number of IDPs in Ethiopia. IOM is working with regional governments on remedial action for communities affected by private/public development induced displacements; induced displacements. This includes protection for communities and lobbying private/public developers. IOM aims to use the IDMR to advocate for the protection of and durable solutions for IDPs in Ethiopia, especially the protracted caseloads. In year 2013, IOM provided life saving assistance through provision of ES/NFIs to conflict induced displacement in Nogob and Liben zone, Somali Region and East Hararghe and Borena zone, Oromia Region to 13,112 conflict affected households and 2,798 natural disaster induced displaced households in So- mali, Gambella, Afar and Amhara regions.

10 Annual Report 2013 /14

NFI distribution for Internally Displaced Persons in Somali Region, Ethiopia © IOM 2014 Transitional Shelter With funding from CERF and UNHCR, has been conducting transitional shelter construction projects in a number of refugee camps throughout Ethiopia, with projects running from 2012 into 2013 - namely Fugnido camp in Gambella Region (368 transitional shelters for 1840 individuals); Ashura, Tongo and Bambasi camps in Benishangul-Gumuz Region (2,175 transitional shelters for 10,125 individuals); and Melkadida camp in Somali Region (1,356 transitional shelters for 6,780 individuals).

Disarmament, Demobolization and Reintegration of BPLM former combatants With funding (1,680,070 Euro) from the African Conflict Prevention Pool (ACPP) through the Govern- ment of United Kingdom and the Instrument for Stability (IFS) through the European Union, IOM is conducting a 13 month project that aims to return and reintegrate Benishangul People’s Liberation Move- ment former combatants (BPLM). The Government of Ethiopia has committed to repatriate 1,800 BPLM former combatants and their dependents including the release of 300 BPLM sympathizers for purposes of demobilization, return and reintegration. Owing to its technical expertise and extensive experience in the area of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) globally, IOM has partnered with the Ministry of Federal Affairs and the Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State to support the DDR process. A socio-economic profiling report that outlines qualification and livelihood needs of Former Combatants (FC), as well as the community’s absorption capacity was developed. In addition, a reintegration strategy was also developed that will guide sub-national stakeholders, IOM and FC leadership on sustainable reintegration options – including livelihoods such as small and micro enterprises, transport and mining. However, the project has experienced delays in implementation due to political disagreements on the implementation of the peace agreement between the BPLM and the Regional Government.

11 IOM SLO Ethiopia

Transportation IOM provides emergency evacuation and transportation assistance to refugees from border points to the refugee camps in Ethiopia. In 2013 IOM provided transportation assistance to 17,054 Somali refugees from the border points to Dollo Ado refugee camps. IOM also provided transportation assistance to South Suda- nese refugees from the border points to refugee camps and between camps. In total number of refugees IOM has assisted in evacuating and relocating 182,024 South Sudanese Refugees in Gambella Region and 2,612 in Benishangul-Gumuz (SNNPR) since the South Sudanese conflict broke out in December 2013 up to December 2014. Additional 5,036 Somali refugees were also transported from Dollo Ado in 2014.

Saudi Arabia

INFO-GRAPHICS GAMBELLA REGION: Eritrea Yemen IOM’s South Sudan Refugee Relocation 30 December, 2014 Sudan

Djibout�

> Ethiopia Wanke GAMBELLA South Sudan

>Pagak Kule / Matar h L a r e Somalia Leitchuor# Tierkedi, O R O M k Pamdong Sub-office Uganda Kenya Burbiey > Nip-Nip Bo#nga Itang G a m b e l a Z u r i a TOTAL ARRIVALS/ REGISTERED AND RELOCATED

Total A k o b o 200,000 Gambella 180,000 Akobo J o r e > 160,000 140,000

120,000

Jor 100,000 > ToTal IoM Total Fugnido # 80,000 G o assg e IsTed In 60,000 South Sudan GaMbella 40,000 Macha 20,000

0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAy JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT Nov Dec TOTALS > M e n g e s h KEy 182,024 TRANSPORTATION AND MEDICAL CHECK UP New route to avoid muddy roads caused by heavy rain IOM’s boat and bus Po chal la transport > G o d e r e IOM’s presence D i m a 10 40 IOM assigned 40 buses and 10 boats to relocate Major influx directions S N the refugees from entry points to camps. IOM has assigned doctors and nurses to conduct Pre- > Entry points Okugu Departure Medical Screening (PDMS).

IOM GaMbella SOuth SudaneSe MOveMentS - 30 deceMber, 2014 BACKGROUND TRAVEL ROUTES More than 194,261 South Sudanese asylum-seekers have daTes GMB- GMB- GMB- GMB- AKB- AKB- AKB- AKB- AKB- AKB- AKB- AKB- BRB- MTR- GMB- KUL- PGK- LTR- LTR- WAN- APT- BNG- BNG- BNG- BNG- BNG- BRB- BRB- KLE- MTR- MTR- MTR PAM PGK- PGK- PGK- PGK - PGK- PGK- PGK- TOTAL FGN BNG Itang KLE BRB- BRB- BRB- BRB- LTR MTR FGN KLE KLE FGN DIM DIM DIM FGN KLE AKU GMB Itang GMB ABOB ABOL/ FGN KLE MTR FGN LTR FGN NIP FGN LTR ITN GMB LAR FGN PAM KLE By arrived in Ethiopia through the Pagak and Akobo-Tergol LTR MTR FGN KLE (Heli) (Heli) (Heli/ (Heli/ (Heli) (Heli) (Heli) (Heli) (Heli) JOR MONTH border points since the influx began on 16 December, bus) bus) according to UNHCR. IOM has relocated a total of 182,024 Jan 108 30 - - 2,279 140 - - 2,557 refugees to Fugnido, Leitchuor, Bonga, Tierkedi, Kule and Feb -- 2,157 425 3,080 11,466 76 - 17,204 Nip Nip camps as of 30 December, 2014. Children make Mar - 50 10,856 35 - 8,038 96 24,675 43,750 up 70% of new arrivals; and women make up more than aPr - 227 8,500 4 1,572 340 2 10 33 178 - - 1,267 14,869 27,002 three-quarters of the adults. Arrivals entring from the Burbiey border entry points settled at Matar way station, MaY 41 164 44 5 4,664 247 6 1,252 179 9,425 6,032 22,059 are relocated to Fugnido camp. The IOM medical team is JUn 1,476 24 121 28 6 60 21 76 15,776 8 10,738 28,334 conducting the PDMS at the entry points. JUl 23 32 40 1,173 5 182 17 59 97 1 7 3,020 8,214 419 14 1 8,140 21,444 aUG 1,261 53 128 1,874 2,854 2 2,452 26 8,650 seP 604 24 664 1,292 Oct 12 1,269 15 1,296 nov 130 402 3,278 3,810 dec 240 2,703 432 1,251 4,626 12 ToTals 172 471 76 40 21,513 3,038 474 7,894 611 94 2 59 218 370 1 7 12 10 6 1,252 128 61 6 60 21 433 28,221 12,423 15 5,359 5,981 2,854 432 19,644 419 14 1 2,700 2,452 64,480 182,024 Annual Report 2013 /14

2014 Humanitarian assistance and durable solutions for Internally displaced persons in Ethiopia: IOM has managed to score reliable results around four major pillars in relation to IDP mapping and improving coordinated emergency response system for natural and man-made disasters in Ethiopia. These pillars include: 1 Produced and disseminated 6 IDMR and 16 MIDU informing humanitarian partners and government the situation of IDPs in the country; 2 Strengthened logistical capacity for rapid response mechanisms through installing two rub halls in Gambella and Somali, procuring one truck and four light vehicles; 3 Assisted 13,112 conflict induced displaced households in Oromia, Somali, Harari, Moyale and Gambella regions and 2,798 natural disaster induced displaced households in Somali, Gam- bella, Afar and Amhara regions. 4 Conducted researches to identify root causes of recurrent disasters in Gambella and Somali region and organized advocacy workshops and presented findings to decision makers, public/ private developers. Drawing on years of experience in emergency response to natural and man-made disasters and consequent internal displacement in Ethiopia, EPC has developed a five-year IDP strategy framework that will guide its operation in terms of relief, recovery and community stabilization. This framework led to development of a multi-year, multi-donor and multi-sectoral project proposal. IOM has used the MIDU and IDMR to advocate for the protection of and durable solutions for IDPs in Ethiopia especially the protracted caseloads. This has resulted in the formation of a Durable Solutions Working Group in Somali Region to try to find durable solutions for the huge number of protracted IDPs highlighted in IOM’s reports Disarmament, Demobolization and Reintegration of BPLM former combatants With funding (1,680,070 Euro) from the African Conflict Prevention Pool (ACPP) and the EU, through its IFS funding facility, IOM has also assisted a total of 408 former combatants who have been living exile in Sudan in dire situation to return, rehabilitate and peacefully reintegrate community through technical assistance in terms of mobilization, registration, transportation, capacity building and skill promotion trainings, business and livelihood start up kits. Enhanced livelihood of refugees A livelihood assistance to refugees in Pugnido, Gambel- la was provided through a dunding by Japanese Govern- ment (May 2014 to September 2014). Based on needs identification a capacity building training on practicing home gardening was provided which was followed by provision of tools, seeds, poultry, beehives, fishing tools to a total of 1055 refugee(90%) and host communities (10%). Among the targeted refugee’s nine self-help groups each comprising 10 refugee women were organized, trained and provided with start-up capital. The

13 IOM SLO Ethiopia

project was implemented with close coordination with ARRA, UNHCR and regional and woreda level agriculture office of the Gog woreda both in terms of super- vision monitoring and technical assistance. The project targeted the most vulnerable refugee households and youth in terms of creating job opportunities and business start-ups. The self-help groups of women established and the material delivery based on skill development and trainings along with local government structures will ensure the sustainability of the project results.

Transitional Shelter

Shelter construction in Kule camp Gambella Region, Ethiopia © IOM 2014

IOM as of December 2014, constructed and handed over 650 shelters in Kule Camp with funding from ECHO. This activity will continue into 2015 from funding from ECHO, SDC and UNHCR. In addition, IOM constructed 1,001 transitional shelters in Dollo Ado for Somali refugees. As a result, improved security, protection and dignified living conditions were provided to refugees in Gambella and Somali regions. The project ensured safety, health improvement, vulnerable group protection and improved living conditions due to prevention harmful harsh environmental effects.

14 Annual Report 2013 /14

RREFUGEEESETTLEMEnT AnD MOvEMEnT ASSISTANCE

IOM facilitates the departures of refugees from Ethi- Resettlement figures 2013/2014 opia for resettlement to the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many European countries through providing logistic support to migrants/ refugees for DENMARK AUSTRALIA 3% resettlement interviews, processing the relevant doc- OTHERS 2% umentation and arranging safe and reliable domestic 5% and international transportation, and accommodat- FINLAND ing refugees at IOM transit centres. IOM also handles 6% repatriation of refugees by road and airlift operations to Sudan in support of the repatriation program of cAnADA the UNHCR and Administration for Refugee and Re- 8% turnee Affairs (ARRA) of Ethiopia. Departure or return UNITED STATES OF AMERICA of vulnerable cases is also achieved by using experi- 53% enced IOM migration health professionals and opera- SWEDEN 11% tional escorts. At the request of receiving States, IOM provides cul- tural orientation assistance and classes for refugee/ NORWAY migrant populations who have been accepted for 12% third country resettlement. Additional Consular services being provided include requests for Visas on behalf of migrants applying for family reunification, translations, and document verification.

15 IOM SLO Ethiopia MIGRATION MAnAGEMEnT in ethioPiA A Peek into 2013-14 MigrAtion trends in ethioPiA IRREGULAR MIGRATORY ROUTES: • According to the RMMS, an estimated 71,952 Ethiopians arrived on the shores of Yemen in 2014, During the years 2013 and 2014, Ethiopians have a 33% increase when compared to the number of continued to follow similar irregular migratory Ethiopians that arrived in 2013 . routes though there were changes in the magni- tudes along each route. • The only available data on the number of Ethio- pians following the Southern migratory route is the The three major irregular migratory routes are: estimate from the study, conducted by IOM back in 2009, which indicated that between 17,000 and • Southern Route: passing through Kenya, the Unit- 20,000 Somalis and Ethiopians engaged smugglers ed Republic of Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zam- to take them to South Africa in 2008. The study also bia and Mozambique – Southern Africa being the showed that out of these migrants, 70% were as- intended destination; sumed to be Ethiopians. • Eastern Route: via Somaliland, Puntland, Djibouti • Following the ban on labour migration to the Mid- and Yemen – intended destinations being the Gulf dle Eastern countries by the Ethiopian Government States, mainly Saudi Arabia; and since October 2013, increase in the number of Ethi- • Northern Route: crossing to Sudan, Libya, Egypt opians following the irregular migratory routes was and the North African Mediterranean coast – in- observed. Reports by government counterparts in- tending to reach Israel and European countries. dicated increment in the number of migrants inter- cepted at border crossing points as well as those NEW ARRIVALS – DATA: making it to the border towns waiting for smugglers/traffickers. • As is the case with most irregular migratory flows and human trafficking channels, absence of proper • Between November 2013 and March 2014 over data is a serious challenge in the efforts to manage 163,000 Ethiopians were deported from the King- migration flows in Ethiopia. The only estimate data dom of Saudi Arabia as a result of the new labour available is on the ‘Eastern migratory route’, which law introduced by the end of 2013. IOM, in collabo- goes through Djibouti and the Gulf of Aden/Yemen ration with GoE and partners, provided emergency to reach the Gulf States. However, along the other post-arrival assistance to more than 94 per cent of routes no such proper data collection mechanism the total returnees. is in place.

16 Annual Report 2013 /14

• IOM Ethiopia has initiated efforts to put a system that will, once operational, enable both IOM and the government structures with migration management responsibilities to capture data on the migratory flows along the major exit points. VULNERABILITIES OF MIGRANTS: • Among the migrants crossing the borders are Unaccompanied Migrant Children (UMC) and separated children with limited knowhow and control over their journeys and susceptible to any form exploitation and abuse along the way. Reports of torture and extortion by smugglers/traffickers are common especially among those following the Eastern and Northern migratory routes. • Additional vulnerable groups are women, elderly, and those with health problems. Majority of the female migrants are young girls who often end up being domestic workers. • Along these routes, IOM has identified victims of trafficking and provided specialized assistance focus- ing on rehabilitation and reintegration with partner organizations. THE BAN ON LABOUR MIGRATION: • Ethiopian government announced a temporary ban on its citizens from travelling to the Middle East and South Africa as of October 2013. The ban was introduced following repeated reports of countless loss of Ethiopian lives and untold physical and psychological trauma due to irregular migration and human trafficking. The Government announced that the ban will be lifted once proper measures which will make employment agencies accountable has been set.

REFUGEES: • By mid-2014, Ethiopia has become the largest refugee-hosting country in Africa, sheltering 629,718 refugees.

17 IOM SLO Ethiopia

Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration 2014

Many of Ethiopian irregular migrants make the perilous journey by traveling irregularly through eastern, southern and northern route to their intended final destination, such as the Middle East, Europe and Southern Af- rica.Migrants who reach Egypt, Libya, Djibouti, Yemen, Tanzania and Zimbabwe as transit are often exposed to exploitation, violence and sexual abuses and Aares unable sistedto V getolu basic needs such as food, ntary Return and water,Rein shelter and tegration 2014 Annual Report medical needs. IOM SLO Addis Ababa has been providing orderly and humane return and reintegration of migrants who are unable or unwilling medical andto remain in host countries and wish psychosocial support includingto return voluntarily referrals,to their countries of origin. temporary shelter, and access to well- During 2014 fiscal year, IOM equipped sanitationSLO Addis Ababa has provided lifesaving assistance units, provision of hygiene andto total of 18,637 among these dignity service, family tracing and 17,771 of them adults (12,582 male and 4,855 female) from different countries (i.e. Europe 107, KSA 16,094, Yemen and other Middle reunification for UAMs.East countries 841, African countries 1595). Among the returnees 65 women were identified as Victims of Trafficking (VoT) who required rehabilitation and reintegration assistance. Among the 65 VoTs, 55 were provided with rehabilitation support in collaboration with partners while the remaining 10 will also be provided with rehabilitation in 2015. In addition, 1,200 UAMs During 2014, AVRR provide services under different were identified and provided with projects like JTIPfam - for VoT cases, PRM, ily tracking and reunification in collaboration with UNICEF and the Ministry of Women, Youth, Children Affairs. Protection and child protection projects for adults and minors’ assistance and as per sending Upon family reunification the returnees missions endorsed WBS’s. were provided with reinsertion grants. Figure 1: Summery Data of AVRR 2014

Male Female UAM Total 18637 16094 12582 11008 4855 4580 1,595 1200 1035 841 506 478 347 334 213 107 61 33 29 13

EUROPE & KSA MIDDLE EAST AFRICA TOTAL OTHER

As per information from discussions made with returnees, The main push and pull factors include economic oportunity, limited availability of employment in the urban and rural areas, increasing Figure 1: Summery Data of AVRR 2014 cost of living, and basi- cally manipulated information from the brokers and traffickers that life abroad is cheaper and better. To ensure smooth implementation of the voluntary return of the targeted vulnerable migrants, The Returnees benefited from IOM SLO Addis Ababa services: pre-departure assistance, on ward transportation and reintegration, provision of food and IOM continuously liaises withwater, provision of medical and psychosocial support including the relevant government departmentsrefer of- Ethiopia particularly rals, temporary shelter, and access PM, MoFA, Immigration,to wellequipped sanitation units, provision of hygiene and dignity service, MoLSA, MoWCYA, MoJ, and also with other partners such as family tracing and reunification for UAMs. Embassies, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNODC, UNFPA, Medicines Sans Frontiers International Spain (MSF-Spain), ERCS, AGAR, AWSAD, GOOD SEMARITAN to receive and assist migrants accordingly. Beside this, AVRR established network of direct assistance providers on victims of trafficking and deliver capacity building training for 36 workers of network member organizations. In addition, one transit centre established to use as temporary shelter and 18 accommodation for returnees and UAM.

Page 5 of 25 Annual Report 2013 /14

Reintegration assistance for an Ethiopian returnee who set up an opal processing business in Addis Abaaba © IOM 2014

Table 1: Summary data of AVRR in 2014 Region Male Female UAM Total Europe & other 61 33 13 107 KSA 11,008 4,580 506 16,094 Middle east 478 29 334 841 Africa 1035 213 347 1,595 Total 12,582 4,855 1,200 18,637

To ensure smooth implementation of the voluntary return of the targeted vulnerable migrants, IOM continuously coordinated with the relevant government departments of Ethiopia particularly PM, MoFA, Immigration, MoLSA, MoWCYA, MoJ, and also with other partners such as Embassies, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNODC, UNFPA, Medicines Sans Frontiers International Spain (MSF-Spain), ERCS, AGAR, AWSAD, GOOD SEMARITAN to receive and assist migrants accordingly. Beside this, AVRR established network of direct assistance providers on victims of trafficking and delivered capacity building training for 36 workers of network member organizations. In addition, established a transit centre specifically to use as temporary shelter and accommodation for returnees and UAM.

19 IOM SLO Ethiopia

Outreach Activities

Forum Theatre in Amhara Region, Ethiopia © IOM 2014

IOM SLO in Ethiopia has also been working closely gees and teachers have attended the training. with the Ethiopian Government and stakeholders to promote human rights-based policies to inform 455 (M=334 F=121) community dialogue (CD) fa- community members, potential migrants and mi- cilitators were trained on facilitation skills and ba- grants on the dangers of irregular migration and sic concepts of human trafficking, people smug- to promote good practices to combat trafficking, gling and irregular migration. smuggling and irregular migration through com- Over 460,000 people were reached through ra- munity dialogue and peer education. IOM also dio programs and forum theatre shows conveying provided International Migration Law Training to messages related to human trafficking and smug- officials and policy-implementing partners. gling. In 2013, peer education training was conducted in Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey was Mai Tsebri for participants in both Adi-harush and conducted to rate the awareness level of target Mai-aini Eritrean refugee camps and from junior community members in four regions of Ethiopia and secondary schools in the host communities namely, Amhara, Tigray, Oromia, and Southern around the camps. A total of 89 (M=52 F=37) refu- Nations and Nationalities regions. The KAP survey

20 Annual Report 2013 /14

Community dialogue in Oromiya Region, Ethiopia © IOM 2014 helped to identify the need for attitude change While in 2014, an artistic awareness rasing cam- on irregular migration among the community. pign “Together We Can Fight Secondary Migra- Accordingly, a community-based interventions tion”, was organized. The campaign brought a such as Community Conversation, Peer Educa- music concert, poetry and painting art show in tion, Forum Theatre, and other Behavioural Mai-Tsebri town, Tigray Region on 8, 9 and 10 Change Campaigns (BCC) on irregular migration November, 2014. The campaign targeted Eri- were launched in the four regions. trean refugee community members hosted in refugee camps in Northern Ethiopia, in response In addition, Information Education Campaign to the sudden increase of Eritrean refugees en- (IEC) materials were produced and distributed in tering Ethiopia, including UAMs and secondary the irregular migration/human trafficking prone movement. areas and in and around the Northern refugee camps in Tigray.

“Together We can fight Secondary Migration” Campaign Tigray Region, Ethiopia © IOM 2014 21 IOM SLO Ethiopia MIGRATION AND HEALTH

The Migration Health Division (MHD) works to meet the needs of the Government of Ethiopia in managing health-related aspects of migration. The MHD also provides health assessment, vaccination, pre-departure evaluation as well as providing medical assistance, including medical 22 Annual Report 2013 /14

escorts, for refugees and other migrants with identi- IOM has also been providing the medical processing fied health issues. In 2013/14, the MHD conducted for refugees heading to the United States. The differ- 13,856 health assessments for refugees and migrants ent vaccines IOM provides help pr event 10 types of leaving from Ethiopia for the United States, Canada, disease. New Zealand, and Australia. As IOM is planning to provide such services at a clos- In addition to these ongoing migration health assess- er proximity to the refugee camps - which hosts refu- ment and assistance activities, in 2013/14 the MHD gee communities that are the major benefactors of worked in supporting government and other stake- the refugee relocation programme - the medical pro- holders in addressing HIV/AIDS, TB, Malaria and oth- cessing, including the vaccination will move to Jijiga. er conditions in the context of population mobility in Currently, the first dose is carried out in IOM’s Addis Ethiopia including collection, analysis, and dissemi- Ababa office, while the second dose is administered nation of accurate, timely and relevant data. in the different camps in Ethiopia. The MHD continued its work on the TB Reach project that concluded at the end of 2013/14. This project aimed to enhance TB case detection and treatment among migrants and host communities in Ethiopia, the 7th most heavily burdened country in the world. This project resulted in the implementation of the new Gene X-pert technology that ensured detection of 10,916 cases of TB. The MHD was an integral part of the emergency operations of returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Because of the poor conditions and limited access to health care among those who returned from KSA, a total of 8,725 required urgent medical assistance. The v ariety of assistance ranged from women arriving in labor or advanced stages of pregnancy (63 IOM DELIVERS and 152, respectively), psychiatric illnesses (149), or “ other medical emergencies (422). OVER 18,000 Ethiopia was selected as one of the five countries for implementation of the Overseas Refugee Vaccination Pilot Project for the U.S. Refugee Admissions Pro- VACCINES FOR gram in 2013. This program seeks to provide cost-effective public health interventions, improve refugee REFUGEES IN health and limit the number of vaccinations refugees require after their arrival. The program began implementation in November and by the end of the year of 2014 2014 had reached 18,000 beneficiaries. “The vaccines reduce the outbreak of preventable diseases among the population in the US. It also helps with the assimilation of refugees. The provision of vaccine overseas reduces costs as well” said War- ren Deleon, Center for Disease Control and Preven- tion Public Health Advisor. “A lot of times, refugees will have to wait until they receive the recommended vaccine and are delayed entering school for months at a time,” he explained how the vaccine helps refugees to integrate quicker. ” 23 IOM SLO Ethiopia MIGRATION wELL-BEInG

AND develoPMent

IOM works closely with the Government of Ethio- South Expert Exchange) pilot project program. The pia to facilitate the mobilization and utilization of office equipment purchased as part of the capacity human and financial resources of Ethiopian dias- building component of AMEDIP pilot project were poras for the country’s development. In an effort delivered to the remaining Addis Ababa, Tigray, to strengthen coordination with the Government, Afar and Oromia diaspora coordinating offices. IOM has met with the State Minister Ambassador Dewano Kedir and the Director General of the Dias- The South-South Expert Exchange (SSEE) compo- pora Engagement Affairs Directorate Mr. Feisael Al- nent of the AMEDIP project was also another core iyi of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to discuss ways component which was implemented in 2013. Two to develop a comprehensive diaspora engagement Ethiopian high officials from Diaspora Engagement programme to further ensure effective implemen- Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs tation of the Ethiopian Diaspora Policy. Moreover, and the Amhara Regional diaspora coordinating of- further discussions have been conducted with oth- fice were supported to conduct a study visit to Ken- er relevant ministries and the donor communities ya in order to share other countries’ experiences to explore possible areas of collaboration on dias- on diaspora engagement. In the same manner Gha- pora engagement. naian government officials from Ghana have been supported to come to Ethiopia to conduct an expe- In 2013, the third capacity-building training on Mi- rience sharing visit on areas of diasopora engage- gration and Development Nexus, a follow-up to ment. Some of the major institutions that have the first and second rounds that were conducted shared their experiences were Ministry of Foreign in 2012, was given to higher officials of federal Affairs, Ministry of Health, Ethiopian Investment and regional diaspora coordinating officials under Agency, National Bank of Ethiopia and Ethiopian Di- the framework of AMEDIP (Strengthening African aspora Association. and Middle Eastern Diaspora Policy through South-

24 Annual Report 2013 /14

Since the meeting with State Minister of MoFA and the Office and Afford (UK-based partner organization), with Director General of the Diaspora Engagement Affairs Di- the goal to deepen the knowledge and sharpen the skills rectorate on October 4, 2013 took place to discuss on how of officials from MOFA in Ethiopia and Ethiopian missions to come up with a diaspora engagement programme to abroad. The purpose of the seminar was to equip the implement the Ethiopian diaspora policy, IOM has worked trainees with skills on how to design, conduct and report closely with the Government to further discuss how to on diaspora mapping exercises as well as related topics enhance Ethiopian diaspora engagement towards the associated with diaspora engagement. Accordingly as per country’s development. Various discussion papers were a follow up request from the government, IOM had organ- submitted for MOFA’s further review with the intention to ized a briefing session on the concept of diaspora map- lead for joint resource mobilization activities. ping to about 100 Ethiopian Ambassadors during their annual review meeting held in Addis Ababa. As part of strengthening collaboration with relevant government counterparts, IOM has supported three govern- During this same reporting period, IOM has also received ment officials from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry funding from IDF (USD 200,000) for the strengthening la- of Finance and Economic Development and Ministry of bour migration management in Ethiopia project. Accord- Agriculture, to participate at the International workshop ingly as of November 2014 has started its implementation. on Migration and Development in Rome on 2-3 October, The 15 month project, having the objective to support 2014. Moreover official from the Ministry of Foreign Af- and enhance the capacity of policy makers of the Govern- fairs was supported to participate at the Ethiopian Day ment of Ethiopia (GoE) and other stakeholders engaged Seminar in Geneva, which was organized by the Ethiopian in labour migration, will enable relevant stakeholders to embassy in Geneva. more effectively manage and regulate labour migration from Ethiopia, and prevent irregular migration to other In the year 2014, IOM in collaboration with the Ethiopian countries. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) has also organized a five-day seminar on diaspora mapping (profiling of the Moreover with regard to philanthropic role of the dias- number, composition, interest and potential of the diaspora, Ethiopian diaspora from different parts of the US pora) in Addis Ababa to Ethiopian diplomats from about and Europe, contributed assistance through IOM’s part- 26 Ethiopian embassies and consular offices and some of- ner United States Association for International Migration ficials working at the Diaspora Engagement Affairs Direc- (USAIM) to support the reintegration efforts of the Ethio- torate of MoFA. pian returnees from the KSA during the mass deportation. USAIM has received nearly USD 200,000 from Ethiopian For this first-of-its-kind seminar, IOM invited labour mi- diaspora organizations directed towards IOM’s assistance gration and development specialists from IOM Regional for Ethiopian returnees. 25 IOM SLO Ethiopia AU/ECA/IGAD LIAISON FUnCTIOnS IOM SLO in Addis Ababa undertakes liaison activ- bat trafficking especially in women and children. ities with various stakeholders to enhance policy development, dialogue and research on migra- As a follow-up to this long term engagement, The tion-related matters. Its advocacy effort focus on African Union Commission (AUC) spearheaded mainstreaming migration in policy development the Horn of Africa Initiative (HOAI) to address at the continental and regional levels through the irregular migration flows through the North its partnership with the African Union (AU) and Eastern Migratory route (from the Horn of Africa major UN agencies such as the Economic Com- to Europe and beyond) and the related increas- mission for Africa (ECA) as well as IGAD, an im- ing abuses related to trafficking and smuggling of portant institution in the Horn and Eastern Africa migrants especially women and children. Region. IOM worked closely with the AUC, affected countries (namely Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt) THE AFRICAN UNION (AU) and other stakeholders to facilitate the conven- ing of a Regional conference on human trafficking and smuggling of migrants in October 2014. The regional conference successfully adopted the Khartoum Declaration and a plan of action to address the identified challenges. A follow-up meeting is expected to be held in 2015. When it comes to Migration and Development, the African Institute for Remittances (AIR) is a flagship initiative of the AUC. IOM has been part of the steering committee which worked for the establishment of AIR along with the AUC, World Bank and the European Commission. Using its strong expertise in diaspora mobilization and related areas, IOM contributed to the process that led to the institutionalization of AIR. This new AU entity is now hosted by the Government of IOM built a strong partnership with the African Kenya and is expected to be operational in the Union Commission (AUC) in the past years. It course of 2015. IOM continues to provide sup- continues to be a key partner of the continental port to ensure AIR is functional. body on various migration related issues. Labour Migration has been identified as a key IOM has been supporting AUC’s anti-trafficking priority area by the AU Labour and Social Affairs initiatives since 2009 through the joint populari- Commission (LSAC) in 2013. In light of this re- zation of the Ouagadougou Action Plan to com- minder, IOM joined hands with the AUC, ILO and 26 Annual Report 2013 /14

UNECA to design a program addressing intra- IgAD regional labour migration in Africa. The development of the program entitled “Labour Migration Governance for Development and Integration in Africa” was carried out through 2013. This program was then unanimously endorsed by the Special Session of the Labour and Social Affairs Commission of the African Union held in Wind- hoek, Namibia in April 2014. Implementing partners of this joint initiative, including IOM, have now engaged in active resource mobilization to roll-out the implementation of the program.

THE UN ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA (UNECA)

IOM has been supporting the IGAD Regional Con- sultative Process (IGAD RCP) since its inception in 2008. This consultation platform on Migration brought together delegations from IGAD Mem- ber States to discuss Migration related issues on two occasions in 2013 and 2014. IOM uses its unique position as the lead migration agency to ensure that the interests of migrants are an integral part of various continental and regional discourses. The UN General Assembly (UNGA) High Level Di- alogue (HLD) on Migration and Development was The third IGAD RCP in May 2013 was held under an important event which marked the year 2013. the theme “Migration and Regional Integration”. As requested by UNGA resolution A/RES/65/170, Discussions amongst member states, develop- IOM worked closely with different stakeholders ment partners and other stakeholders focused to “contribute to the High-level Dialogue on In- on the Migration and regional integration nexus, ternational Migration and Development in 2013 covering issues ranging from border manage- through appropriate regional consultative pro- ment, regional trade, labor mobility, health and cesses and, as appropriate, major initiatives in regional integration. the field of international migration”. The fourth IGAD RCP meeting was subsequently IOM SLO organized a regional experts meeting held in November 2014 under the theme “Refu- in collaboration with the UNECA in preparation gees, IDPs and Returnees”. IGAD Member States of the HLD. The purpose of the meeting was to host a large number of victims of forced displace- create a consultative dialogue to bring an Afri- ment. Thus, the regional dialogue on the issue can perspective to the High-Level Dialogue. The was very timely and allowed fruitful experience multi-faceted nature of Migration continues to sharing and discussions. get the interest and concern of policy makers IOM continues to strengthen its partnership with in Africa. Migration is recognized as a potential IGAD on areas of common interest. The two or- force for economic and social development and ganizations worked closely in the development for regional integration in the continent. Howev- of a Regional Migration Program throughout er, forced and irregular migration remains a key 2013. The three year program (2014-2016) en- challenge for African Governments. titled “Building Regional and National capacities for improved Migration Governance in the IGAD region” received the generous support of the Swiss Government and activity implementation started in May 2014. 27 IOM SLO Ethiopia

CANVAC IOM SLO CAnADA vISA APPLICATIOn CEnTER

accepted and services provided in this VAC are Temporary Resident Visa, Study Permit, Work Permit, Permanent Resident Travel Document, Biometric Collection, Passport Transmission to CVO, and Value added services like form filling and the like. The CVAC, Addis Ababa was initially estimated to have the capacity of accepting 10 applications per day. However, the Visa Application Center (VAC) has proven that it is capable of accepting over 20 applications per day during high sea- sons. In a different manner to the Embassy in Addis Ababa, which accept applications two days a week, the CVAC is open 8 hours a day and five days a week except on declared public holidays. Currently, the Embassy in Addis Ababa no more Visa Facilitation Services Global (VFS) Global is accepts applications similar to services provid- the Lead Project Partner who was awarded with ed in the CVAC, except for diplomatic passport a service agreement by Citizenship and Immi- holder traveling to Canada for Official purposes. gration Canada (CIC) to provide Visa Application The VAC charges and collects fees for its services Services Globally. As per a service and Project and on behalf of the Government of Canada as Partnership agreement entered between VFS per its fee instructions. The CVAC provides single and IOM in May 2012, IOM is the subcontracting window service for all its services, including pay- party and preferred project partner to the CVAC ment of fees. project. As per agreements entered, VFS pro- The VAC is assigned under the jurisdiction of the vides IOM with Project Management support Canada Visa Office in Nairobi, hence applica- services for all Canada Visa Application Centre tions collected in the VAC are sent to this office. (CVACs) operated by IOM. IOM established CVACs in different regions In Addis Ababa, the total applicants accepted phase by phase. 45 CVACs including the CVAC in since the establishment of the VAC on Nov 22, Addis Ababa was established in the year 2013. 2013 was 2,573; and visitors assisted was 7,167 The CVAC, Addis Ababa was opened on Nov 22, (Update: Dec 31, 2014). The center’s Biometric 2013. Service begun on Jan 31, 2014. This is a Finger This CVAC is one of the 23 centers which have print and Picture taking service given to specific the capacity to capture the biometrics of appli- nationals. Particular to this service, applicant are cants. The CVAC, Addis Ababa provides service coming from Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan, Yem- with regards to Temporary Resident Visas, Per- en, and Somalia. mits and Permanent Resident Travel Document. With this General Category Visa applications 28 Annual Report 2013 /14

IOM SLO EThIOPIA 2013/14

nUMBER OF STAFF 2013/14 In the year 2013, the total number of staff working at IOM SLO Ethiopia were 205. from this total, 84 were female while the remaining 121 were male. IOM had recruited 23 new staff members on 2013. On 2014 IOM recruited 83 new staff Members and the total Number of staff members in Ethiopia reached 309. The total total number of femal employees were 106 while male employees acounted for 203. nUMBER OF vISITS- 2013 IOM main office was visited by 34,357 individuals in the year 2013 Medical Unit 19,736 Operation Unit 12,798 Admin/Finance Unit 1,730 Canada Visa 93 Total numbers of customers over the year 34,357

nUMBER OF vISITS- 2014 IOM main office was visited by 36,681 individuals in the year 2014 Medical Unit 17,179 Operation Unit 10,321 Admin/Finance 1,186 Canada Visa 7,995 Total 36,681

29 IOM SLO Ethiopia introducing 2013 WORLD MIGRATION

REPORThe World Migration Report 2013 focuses on six Tcore di- mensions of well-being to presenting a unique picture of the gains and losses associated with migration and the implications for human development. “There is a need to look at migration and development in a more holistic way,” says IOM Director General Wil- liam Lacy Swing. “Contrary to common belief, migration is not just a South-North phenomenon. In fact, less than half of all migrants worldwide move from developing to developed countries.” The new figures presented in the report show that adult migrants moving South-North represent only 40% of the global total. About 33% of migrants move between countries in the South, 22% between countries in the North and 5% from the North to the South. Overall, migration improves well-being, especially for those who move to the North. But contrary to what might be expected, it is migrants who move from North to North (between high-income countries), rather than from South to North, who report the greatest gains. Aside from the North-North context, migrants are less likely to feel satisfied with their lives than the native- born population. People migrating North-South have mixed experiences. While they tend to make their money go further in a Ethiopian State Minister of Labour and Social Affairs Dr. relatively cheaper environment, they also tend to have Zerihun Kebede and IOM Deputy Director General Am- fewer social contacts, and are less likely to have some- bassador Laura Thompson launched IOM’s World Migra- one they can count on for help. tion Report 2013: Migrant Well-Being and Development, Those moving from South to North rate their lives as in Addis Ababa on Wednesday November 6th. similar to, or slightly worse than, people in their home This year’s report is the seventh in IOM’s World Migra- country with a similar profile. tion Report series and builds upon the conclusions of South–South migration between low- or middle-income the 2011 World Migration Report entitled Communicat- countries is largely about survival, bringing few gains ing Effectively about Migration. “The WMR 2013 is the and often leaving migrants struggling alongside the na- first ever global report that gives a voice to the migrants tive-born citizens. and seeks to establish how migrants themselves, rather than researchers or advocates assess their migration ex- In fact, migrants in the South often fare the same or perience. worse than if they had not migrated. Many report worse 30 Annual Report 2013 /14

World Migration Report 2013 launch © IOM 2013 lives, struggle to get adequate housing, and are dissatis- Another misconception exposed by the report is the level fied with their health. A majority also tend to be quite of unemployment among migrants. The global unemploy- pessimistic about their future. ment rate for migrants is roughly 13 per cent, compared to 8 per cent for native-born. The report also provides a number of new insights regard- ing the relationship between migration and development. Over seven million migrants have also been recorded For example, although about two thirds of international moving from the North to the South. They include, for ex- migrants originate in the South, people from countries in ample, nationals from the United States moving to Mexico the North are more likely to migrate. and to South Africa, but also Germans to Turkey and Por- tuguese to Brazil. This appears to be an emerging migra- In fact, emigrants make up between 3.6% and 5.2% of the tion trend, which encourages us to re-think old notions of North population; while in the South, emigrants represent migration and development, as more people move from roughly 3% of the population. developed to less developed countries. This finding is important because often it is assumed that The World Migration Report 2013 finally underlines the people migrate because of a lack of development, and critical need to learn about how migrant well-being varies that migration will decrease when a country becomes according to location and personal experience. This vari- more developed. ation is seen, for example, in the effect of migration on The new findings also suggest that only a minority of mi- the well-being of different migrant categories, including grants send remittances. In fact, only 8% of adult migrants labour migrants, students, irregular migrants, returned in the South, and 27% in the North, report sending “finan- migrants, or migrants stranded due to conflict or environ- cial help” to family in another country. mental disasters.

31 IOM SLO Ethiopia

IMINTERNATIONADL MIGRAnTS DAY

n December 18th, IOM, along with the Addis Ababa City Administration Bureau of Labour and Social Affairs, organized an International Migrants Day celebration. The theme of the celebration in 2013 was “It’s Time to Take Action and Save Lives of Migrants Caught in Crisis” while on 2014 the theme was “Saving Migrant Lives”. The 2013 IMD event featured a children’s choir, theatrical performances, poetry recit- Oals and testimonials of returnees who endured various challenges in Saudi Arabia. Municipal officials discussed the stresses of irregular migration on human and economic well-being in the country. They

32 Annual Report 2013 /14

Certificate handover for Ethiopian returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia who were trained with vocational skills by Agar Ethiopia © IOM 2013 also shared their plans to mitigate the problem, including formalizing overseas employment and putting in place the appropriate legal and procedural frameworks. In 2014, IMD was celebrated with a week long events including the graduation ceremony of Ethiopian returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at Agar Ethiopia*, the two day documentary film screening of Surprising Europe*, the International Migration Law training for Afri- can Sub-deans at the AU, and the culmination event at the Addis Ababa Hilton hotel which featured a police march band, street march, poetry recital and photo exhibition. International Migration Law training © IOM 2014

* Agar Ethiopia is a nonprofit organization that supports and cares for vulnerable adults and victims of human trafficking * Surprising Europe is a non-profit project to document migration exerpiences of legal and illegal immigrants from Africa 33 IOM SLO Ethiopia UNDAF ALLIGnMEnT It has been two years since the Ethiopian Government launched its five-year Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) as its overall development policy framework for the country. The UN Country Team in Ethiopia (UNCT), of which IOM is an active member, has aligned itself to the GTP in the formulation of the next United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for Ethiopia. The UNDAF acknowledges Migration and Development as a cross cutting issue and highlights important migration dynamics, in particular in the context of employment, protection of vulnerable migrants, diaspora engagement and remittances, basic social services and Disaster Risk Management (DRM). As part of the UNCT in Ethiopia, IOM’s strategic plan is aligned to the UNDAF priorities and linked to the operational context, its strong relations with the AU and the UNECA, its liaison function and direct programming with IGAD and the national priorities of the Government of Ethiopia. Specific projects and activities are being or will be developed in close coordination with the GoE, AU, IGAD, UN agencies, Civil Society and other stakeholders. IOM EThIOPIA STRATEGIC OBjECTIvES AnD TARGETED InITIATIvES 2011-2015 The objectives below are IOM’s UNDAF-specific terms and Strategic Objectives.

IOM STRATEGIC OBjECTIvES UnDAF PILLAR(S) AnD OUTCOME(S)

1 Facilitating safe, voluntary, Pillar 3 and 4: and orderly return and sustainable reintegration of • Outcome 9: by 2015, national actors have enhanced capacity vulnerable migrants in need to promote, protect and enjoy human rights and accessibility of international migration to efficient and accountable justice systems, as enshrined in services. the constitution and in line with international and regional instruments, standards and norms.

• Outcome 13: by 2015, women, youth and children are increasingly protected and rehabilitated from abuse, violence, exploitation and discrimination.

34 2 Strengthening the capacity of Pillar 3 and Pillar 4: the government of Ethiopia to improve border management • Outcome 9: by 2015, national actors have enhanced capacity mechanisms and effectively to promote, protect and enjoy human rights and accessibility address issues relating to to efficient and accountable justice systems, as enshrined in irregular migration including the constitution and in line with international and regional human trafficking and instruments, standards and norms. smuggling. • Outcome 13: by 2015, women, youth and children are increasingly protected and rehabilitated from abuse, violence, exploitation and discrimination.

3 Facilitating Ethiopian Pillar 4: nationals’ access to regular • Outcome 12: by 2015, women and youth are increasingly and safe employment participating in advocacy, social mobilization and decision opportunities abroad and making and benefiting from livelihood opportunities and provide relevant information targeted social services. and selected services relating to safe and orderly migration. • Outcome 13:By 2015, women, youth, and children are increasingly protected and rehabilitated from abuse, violence, exploitation and discrimination.

4 Strengthening sustainable Pillar 1 & 3: economic and social • Outcome 2: by 2015, private sector-led Ethiopian development of Ethiopia manufacturing and service industries, especially small through diaspora engagement. and medium enterprises, sustainably improved their competitiveness and employment creation potential.

• Outcome 11: by 2015, capacities of national, local and community institutions strengthened for participatory and evidence-based planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, leadership and decision making.

5 To improve the living Pillar 1: conditions of disaster • Outcome 4: by 2015, national and sub-national institutions affected populations and local and disaster prone communities have systematically reduced communities. disaster risks, impacts of disasters and have improved food security.

6 Supporting government Pillar 2: and other stakeholders in • Outcome 6: by 2015, the Ethiopian population, in particular addressing HIV/AIDS, TB, women, children and vulnerable groups will have improved Malaria and other conditions access to and use of quality health, nutrition and wash in the context of population services. mobility in Ethiopia including collection, analysis and • Outcome 7: improved access to HIV prevention, treatment, dissemination of accurate, care and support by 2015. timely and relevant data.

7 Promote research and Pillar 3: dialogue on migration among • Outcome 11: by 2015, capacities of national, local and Ethiopian researchers, public community institutions strengthened for participatory and institutions and policy makers evidence-based planning, implementation, monitoring and to facilitate the development evaluation, leadership and decision making. of a national migration policy. ACknOwLEDGEMEnT

IOM would first and foremost thank the Government of Ethiopia for the effortless collaboration and coordination throughout implementation of IOM’s operation. IOM greatly appreciates the generous contributions of the donors who financially supported its operations and made it possible to provide the assistance to those who need it most. Partner organizations that supported the operation did so both financially and in-kind, including human resource support. In particular, IOM would like to recognize the invaluable contribution made by: the Government of Ethiopia, the Bureau of Population, Refugees and Migration (PRM), Canada, Ireland, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, CERF-OCHA, ECHO-ERM/IRC, European Commission, UNHCR, HRF-OCHA, DFID-UK, Indian Business Forum, Irish Aid , John Snow, Inc. and Pathfinder International (JSI-PI) Integrated Family Health Program (IFHP) Staff members, Plan International, and Global Alliance for the Rights of Ethiopians in Saudi Arabia - which sent contribution through the US Association for International Migration (USAIM) for their assistance. Special thanks and appreciation also goes to individuals who went out of their way to support the IOM operation financially. IOM also appreciates the in-kind contributions from valuable partners including the Association of French in Ethiopia (ADFE), Ethio-French Association, Ethiopian Red Cross Society, ICRC, International Rescue Committee (IRC), Me dhanialem Church Fellow Members Association, Plan International, Save the Children, UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, MSF Spain and VEDIKA Ethiopia Telugu - Association. The volunteer services support received by IOM from partners including from DFID-UK, MSF (Spain), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), OCHA, OXFAM Canada, Spanish Cooperation, UNDP, UNECA, UNICEF, WFP, WHO, World Vision International (WVI), and individuals is also most appreciated. IOM would like to thank donors and partners, as well as its diligent staff members who responded to support its efforts. Working around the clock, IOM staff members’ contribution to the operation was vital in providing humane assistance to vulnerable returnees, refugees and Internally Displaced Persons. Ethiopia has experienced major migration related challenges both within the country and from abroad. IOM staff from Addis Ababa, Ethiopian sub offices, other country offices including Kenya, Uganda and Somalia in the areas of communication, finance, operation and logistics responded to and rose above the challenges. The assistance from IOM staff from different locations was invaluable throughout the migration response in the year 2013/14. PARTNERS IOM SLO Mission Statement

IOM Special Liaison Office (SLO) in Ethiopia works with the Government of Ethiopia, African Union, Economic Commission for Africa, Migrants, and other Stakeholders to uphold the rights and needs of migrants, promote the benefits, and address the challenges of migration, and mitigate the related risks to the advantage of all.

IOM SLO Ethiopia

Annual Report IOM OIM 2013/14

International Organization for Migration Special Liaison Office (SLO) in Addis Ababa P.O.Box 25283 Code 1000 Addis Ababa Tel +251 116 611 097/98, Fax +251 116 611 101, Email: [email protected] www.iom.int