DOCSLIB.ORG

The Syrian Bema and the Georgian Pre-Altar Cross: a Comparison of the Liturgical Furnishings of the Nave in the Two Traditions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Syrian Bema and the Georgian Pre-Altar Cross: a Comparison of the Liturgical Furnishings of the Nave in the Two Traditions chapter 6 The Syrian bema and the Georgian Pre-altar Cross: A Comparison of the Liturgical Furnishings of the Nave in the Two Traditions Nave Furniture and the Possible Liturgical Relationship of Syria and Kartli In his article ‘Les ambons syriens et la function liturgique de la nef dans les églises antiques’1 André Grabar makes reference to the fact that nave-platforms of the Syrian type are, although rare, present in some churches outside north- west Syria and one of the examples he highlights is that of ‘Mzchet.’ In actual fact what Grabar was referring to was the large polygonal platform that dom- inates the church of Jvari, perched on its mountain outcrop to the east of Mtskheta, the ancient capital of Kartli (Fig. 24). Jvari dates to the first decade of the seventh century and the site upon which the church stands is pivotal in the Christian history of Georgia, as it is believed to be the place where St. Nino, the illuminator of Kartli, raised her cross for the first time. This platform dominates the nave of the centrally planned church where it appears at first glance to be in the centre of the construction. A closer look reveals that it is actually subtly out of alignment with the building; a fact that is surely not coincidental, and the height of this stone structure is further empha- sised by the large wooden cross standing at the centre of the platform. This cross is not ancient, but is in fact a replica of an earlier artefact that did not survive the Communist period of Georgia’s history and is one of a presumed line of such pre-altar crosses that have adorned the site. This phenomenon is echoed by the smaller platform that stands to the north side of the sixth cen- tury Anchiskhati basilica in Tbilisi. Here the structure is noticably smaller and less dominant, but here too the platform supports a (smaller) cross in a dispo- sition echoing Calvary. So what is the link, if any, between Syria and Georgia if both regions appear to have an unusual disposition of liturgical furniture in their naves? Are these traditions linked or, as Grabar hinted, is this due a com- 1 Grabar, André, ‘Les ambons syriens et la function liturgique de la nef dans les églises antiques’, Cahiers archéologiques 1 (1945), pp. 129–133. © Emma Loosley Leeming, 2018 | doi:10.1163/9789004375314_008 This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC License at the time of publication. Emma Loosley Leeming - 9789004375314 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 06:45:33AM via free access the syrian bema and the georgian pre-altar cross 131 figure 24 Jvari mon strain of liturgical development between the two?What is the significance of the cross in these liturgical furnishings and are the two phenomena directly comparable? While at first glance the parallels would seem to suggest a close relation- ship between the two traditions, further unravelling of these questions appears to lead us to a conclusion that whilst these similar nave dispositions seem to have sprung from a common root, in Georgia the use of a pre-altar cross could additionally be an echo of an alternative or possibly a parallel tradition that flourished in the mountain cultures of the High Caucasus.Therefore can we use the presence of variant nave-platforms and a particular devotion to the cross as evidence of Syrian-Kartvelian interaction in the field of liturgy or is there something else occurring? What, if any, parallels can we discern between the Syrian and Kartvelian liturgical traditions? The Origins of the Liturgy in Syria and Kartli When comparing the origins of the liturgy in these two locations we are faced with very different circumstances; Syria is the source of some of our earliest extant texts relating to the evolution of communal prayer and liturgical rites with fragments such as the Didache offering the first written evidence of early Emma Loosley Leeming - 9789004375314 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 06:45:33AM via free access 132 chapter 6 liturgical practices.2 Therefore the region as a whole, and Antioch in particular, is exceptionally important for scholars seeking to understand the earliest ori- gins of Christian ritual practice. However the picture becomes more complex in the fifth century as, prior to this date, there was perceived to be one Universal Church and although there were variations in practice all were technically doc- trinally in agreement—even if this inclusive attitude was not applied to those who had been declared heretics. This situation was subject to radical change in the fifth century as a result of the momentous upheavals caused by the Council of Ephesus (431) and the Council of Chalcedon (451) that resulted in perma- nent schisms with groups in the eastern Mediterranean breaking away from the majority and ultimately precipitated the formation of rival Churches complete with their own hierarchies, ritual practices and, naturally, their own claims to apostolic validity. In the light of this seismic shifting of the Christian landscape there was, accordingly, a variation in ritual practices between these opposing groups although these differences often appear superficial to those unfamiliar with the finer points of ritual practice. This fifth century parting of the ways has been most clearly explained by Taft who elucidates the resulting Syrian traditions as follows: Three principal liturgical centers had a major influence in the origins of these rites: Antioch, Jerusalem and Edessa. Of these only Edessa was a center of Syriac language and culture; the other two were Greek cities, though not without Syriac-speaking minorities. The rite of Mesopotamia that developed into the Chaldean tradition is of Syriac origin and so its roots can probably be traced back to Edessa. The West-Syrian Rite is a synthesis of native Syriac elements, espe- cially hymns and other choral pieces, with material translated from Greek liturgical texts of Antiochene and hagiopolite provenance. This synthesis was the work of Syriac, non-Chalcedonian monastic communities in the Syriac-speaking hinterlands of Syria, Palestine, and parts of Mesopota- mia, beyond the Greek cities of the Mediterranean littoral.3 2 For an introduction to the origins of the liturgy see Jones, Cheslyn, Wainwright, Geoffrey, Yarnold, Edward & Bradshaw, Paul, The Study of Liturgy, SPCK & Oxford University Press; Lon- don & New York, 1978, Revised Edition 1992. 3 p. 239, Taft, Robert F., The Liturgy of the Hours in East and West, The Liturgical Press; Col- legeville, Minnesota, 2nd revised edition 1993. Emma Loosley Leeming - 9789004375314 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 06:45:33AM via free access the syrian bema and the georgian pre-altar cross 133 Therefore this liturgical information can be applied to the architectural data from the previous chapter by equating the West-Syrian rite as being more closely associated with Syria and the East-Syrian tradition—referred to above as Chaldean—being the dominant liturgical tradition in Mesopotamia. Al- though there were some exceptions to this basic delineation of territory, nota- bly the medieval Syrian Orthodox Maphrianate of Takrit in what is now modern Iraq, as a rule those Christians living under Sassanian rule were largely followers of the Church of the East and therefore East-Syrian by liturgical practice. The West-Syrian tradition straddled the Syriac and Greek-speaking worlds by being a hybrid liturgical tradition that took some elements from Syriac-speaking Edessa and melded them with the Hellenophone practices of Antioch and Jerusalem, which is perhaps unsurprising given that the location of the country meant that it absorbed both the Semitic and Gentilic currents of early Apos- tolic Christianity. However, whereas Syrian Christianity evolved and changed in reaction to the development of the faith and its evolving hierarchical and ritual practices, in Kartli there was an amazingly stable and static relationship with the liturgy that endured for many centuries. From the outset the situation was different in Kartli; in the first place Chris- tianity arrived in the country in the fourth century CE when, although an early date in the history of Christian expansion, was nevertheless a period which had achieved a degree of stability with regard to liturgical practice. It was in the late fourth century that we have the oft-quoted testimony of the pilgrim Egeria attesting to a very specific liturgy in Jerusalem with readings appropriate not only to the sacred locations but also to the Church seasons.4 The evidence of Egeria is particularly relevant as she is believed to have undertaken her pilgrim- age only approximately fifty years before the earliest known Georgian language inscriptions were created at the monastery of Bir el Qutt, between Jerusalem and Bethlehem.5 The fact that the first dated Georgian inscriptions have been found in the Holy Land is no coincidence, as from the outset there has been a strong relationship between that region and Kartvelian Christianity, which has an exceptionally close emotional attachment to the lands where Christ lived, died and rose again. As discussed in chapter one there is a long and peaceful record of a Jew- ish community in Kartli and the archaeological evidence from Urbnisi and Mtskheta in Shida Kartli points to a significant Jewish presence in both of these towns at the turn of the millennium and throughout the late antique era.There- 4 Egeria, Trans. Wilkinson, J., Egeria’s Travels, Aris & Phillips; Warminster, 1999. 5 See note 29, chapter 1. Emma Loosley Leeming - 9789004375314 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 06:45:33AM via free access 134 chapter 6 fore it is unsurprising that the medieval chronicles which purport to recount the evangelisation of Kartli should feature Jewish characters prominently in the Vita of St.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Short History of Georgian Architecture
    A SHORT HISTORY OF GEORGIAN ARCHITECTURE Georgia is situated on the isthmus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. In the north it is bounded by the Main Caucasian Range, forming the frontier with Russia, Azerbaijan to the east and in the south by Armenia and Turkey. Geographically Georgia is the meeting place of the European and Asian continents and is located at the crossroads of western and eastern cultures. In classical sources eastern Georgia is called Iberia or Caucasian Iberia, while western Georgia was known to Greeks and Romans as Colchis. Georgia has an elongated form from east to west. Approximately in the centre in the Great Caucasian range extends downwards to the south Surami range, bisecting the country into western and eastern parts. Although this range is not high, it produces different climates on its western and eastern sides. In the western part the climate is milder and on the sea coast sub-tropical with frequent rains, while the eastern part is typically dry. Figure 1 Map of Georgia Georgian vernacular architecture The different climates in western and eastern Georgia, together with distinct local building materials and various cultural differences creates a diverse range of vernacular architectural styles. In western Georgia, because the climate is mild and the region has abundance of timber, vernacular architecture is characterised by timber buildings. Surrounding the timber houses are lawns and decorative trees, which rarely found in the rest of the country. The population and hamlets scattered in the landscape. In eastern Georgia, vernacular architecture is typified by Darbazi, a type of masonry building partially cut into ground and roofed by timber or stone (rarely) constructions known as Darbazi, from which the type derives its name.
    [Show full text]
  • Acceptance and Rejection of Foreign Influence in the Church Architecture of Eastern Georgia
    The Churches of Mtskheta: Acceptance and Rejection of Foreign Influence in the Church Architecture of Eastern Georgia Samantha Johnson Senior Art History Thesis December 14, 2017 The small town of Mtskheta, located near Tbilisi, the capital of the Republic of Georgia, is the seat of the Georgian Orthodox Church and is the heart of Christianity in the country. This town, one of the oldest in the nation, was once the capital and has been a key player throughout Georgia’s tumultuous history, witnessing not only the nation’s conversion to Christianity, but also the devastation of foreign invasions. It also contains three churches that are national symbols and represent the two major waves of church building in the seventh and eleventh centuries. Georgia is, above all, a Christian nation and religion is central to its national identity. This paper examines the interaction between incoming foreign cultures and deeply-rooted local traditions that have shaped art and architecture in Transcaucasia.1 Nestled among the Caucasus Mountains, between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, present-day Georgia contains fewer than four million people and has its own unique alphabet and language as well as a long, complex history. In fact, historians cannot agree on how Georgia got its English exonym, because in the native tongue, kartulad, the country is called Sakartvelo, or “land of the karvelians.”2 They know that the name “Sakartvelo” first appeared in texts around 800 AD as another name for the eastern kingdom of Kartli in Transcaucasia. It then evolved to signify the unified eastern and western kingdoms in 1008.3 Most scholars agree that the name “Georgia” did not stem from the nation’s patron saint, George, as is commonly thought, but actually comes 1 This research addresses the multitude of influences that have contributed to the development of Georgia’s ecclesiastical architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Implementation of the State Strategy for Civic Equality And
    GOVERNMENT OF GEORGIA STATE INTER-AGENCY COMMISSION OFFICE OF THE STATE MINISTER OF GEORGIA FOR RECONCILIATION AND CIVIC EQUALITY REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE STRATEGY FOR CIVIC EQUALITY AND INTEGRATION AND 2016 ACTION PLAN FEBRUARY 2017 1 Office of the State Minister of Georgia for Reconciliation and Civic Equality Address: 3/5 G. Leonidze Street, Tbilisi 0134 Telephone: (+995 32) 2923299; (+995 32) 2922632 Website: www.smr.gov.ge E-mail: [email protected] 2 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ I. EQUAL AND FULL PARTICIPATION IN CIVIC AND POLITICAL LIFE .......................................................................... 5 SUPPORTING SMALL AND VULNERABLE ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS ........................................................... 5 GENDER MAINSTREAMING ...................................................................................................................... 7 IMPROVING ACCESS TO STATE ADMINISTRATIONS, LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND MECHANISMS FOR REPRESENTATIVES OF EHTNIC MINORITIES .............................................................................................. 9 PROVIDING EQUAL ELECTORAL CONDITIONS FOR ETHNIC MINORITY VOTERS .......................................... 12 PROVIDING ACCESS TO MEDIA AND INFORMATION ................................................................................ 16 II. CREATING EQUAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES ..................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Obstacles Impeding the Regional Integration of the Kvemo Kartli Region of Georgia
    Obstacles Impeding the Regional Integration of the Kvemo Kartli Region of Georgia Jonathan Wheatley ECMI Working Paper #23 February 2005 EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MINORITY ISSUES (ECMI) Schiffbruecke 12 (Kompagnietor) D-24939 Flensburg ( +49-(0)461-14 14 9-0 fax +49-(0)461-14 14 9-19 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ecmi.de ECMI Working Paper #23 European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) Director: Marc Weller © Copyright 2005 by the European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) Published in February 2005 by the European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction.............................................................................4 II. Background Information........................................................5 Geographical Features and Ethnic Demography......................................................................5 Economy and Infrastructure....................................................................................................7 Local Structures of Administration........................................................................................10 III. Recent Historical Events.....................................................13 IV Actors in the Local Arena....................................................18 The Local Authorities...........................................................................................................18 Ethnic Balance in the Recruitment of Personnel....................................................................19 Political Parties.....................................................................................................................21
    [Show full text]
  • The Caucasus Globalization
    Vol. 1 (4), 2007 1 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION INSTITUTE O STRATEGIC STUDIES O THE CAUCASUS THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Vol. 1 (4) 2007 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2 Vol. 1 (4), 2007 OUNDEDTHE CAUCASUS AND & GLOBALIZATIONPUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE O STRATEGIC STUDIES O THE CAUCASUS Registration number: M-770 Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press® Sweden Registration number: 556699-5964 Registration number of the journal: 1218 Editorial Council Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council (Baku) ISMAILOV Tel/fax: (994 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Kanan Executive Secretary (Baku) ALLAKHVERDIEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Azer represents the journal in Russia (Moscow) SAFAROV Tel: (7 495) 937 77 27 E-mail: [email protected] Nodar represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) KHADURI Tel: (995 32) 99 59 67 E-mail: [email protected] Kamil represents the journal in Turkey (Ankara) AGHAGAN Tel: (312) 491 60 97 Å-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Nazim Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) MUZAFFARLI Tel: (994 – 12) 499 11 74 E-mail: [email protected] (IMANOV) Archil Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Georgia) GEGESHIDZE Tel: (99 – 593) 31 77 29 E-mail: [email protected] Akif Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) ABDULLAEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Vol. 1 (4), 2007Members of Editorial Board: 3 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Zaza Doctor of History, professor, Corresponding member of the Georgian National Academy ALEKSIDZE of Sciences, head of the scientific department of the Korneli Kekelidze Institute of Manuscripts (Georgia) Mustafa Professor, Ankara University (Turkey) AYDIN Irina D.Sc.
    [Show full text]
  • Caucasus Studies 2
    IMER - INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND ETHNIC RELATIONS MIGRATION IMER - INTERNATIONAL CAUCASUS STUDIES 2 STUDIES CAUCASUS I m Caucasus Studies 2 INTERNATIONA • ER Caucasus Studies 2 LANGUAGE,Caucasus Studies HISTOR 2Y AND CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN THE CAUCASUS l m LANGUAGE, HISTORY AND CULTURAL RE ETHNIC AND IGRATION Edited IDENTITIES by Karina Vamling IN THE CAUCASUS l The internationalEdited by conferenceKarina Vamling Language, History and Cultural Identities in the CU AND HISTORY ANGUAGE, Caucasus, 17-20 June 2005, hosted by the School of International Migration LANGUAGE, HISTORY AND CULTURAL and Ethnic Relations (IMER) at Malmö University (Sweden), brought together IDENTITIES IN THE CAUCASUS Caucasian and Western schoolars with diverse disciplinary backgrounds – l social anthropology, linguistics, literature, social psychology, political science ATIONS – who focus on the Caucasus in their research. The present volume is based on Papers from the conference, papers from this conference. June 17-19 2005, Malmö University l TURA Edited by Karina Vamling l IDENTITIES IN THE CAUCASUS THE IN IDENTITIES MALMÖ UNIVERSITY MALMÖ 2009 SE-205 06 Malmö Sweden m www.mah.se MALMÖ UNIVERSITY A ISBN 978-91-7104-088-6 2010 lmö SE-205 06 Malmö Sweden www.mah.se ISBN 978-91-7104-088-6 Caucasus Studies 1 Circassian Clause Structure Mukhadin Kumakhov & Karina Vamling 2 Language, History and Cultural Identities in the Caucasus. Papers from the conference, June 17-19 2005. Edited by Karina Vamling 3 Conference in the fields of Migration – Society – Language 28-30
    [Show full text]
  • Giuli Alasania, Professor, Tbilisi State University Vice-Rector, International Black Sea University Founder, Head of Trustee Board, University of Georgia
    Giuli Alasania, Professor, Tbilisi State University Vice-Rector, International Black Sea University Founder, Head of Trustee Board, University of Georgia Georgia as a Bridge between the West and the East (Advantages and disadvantages) Thanks to its location, the Georgian territory became a cradle for European civilization. Several years ago 1.8 million year Dmanisi hominoids were discovered in the foothills of the lesser Caucasus. Traditions of statehood on the Georgian territory are traceable since the mid second millennium BC. Necessary preconditions for the creation of a unified state started to from the beginning of the 3rd century BC, when the West submitted to the East, as a result of which there was created the Kingdom of Kartvels. Being located at the crossroad, Georgia attracted different invasions. Frequent invasions in some cases led to establishing foreign control over Georgian lands; mostly divided into two main parts: the West and the East. If in the first centuries the East as well as the West befell Romans, the rest of the time the East was controlled by Persians, Arabs, Turk-Seljuks, Mongols, while the West much of the time was controlled and influenced by Rome or Byzantium, and just partially by Ottomans before coming of Russia which in the early 19th c. annexed entire Georgia and interrupted longstanding traditions of statehood there. Proceeding from the above-stated, the orientation issue was always topical for the Georgians. In the most typical situation, when two superpowers rivaled for the Georgian land there were people inside with different perceptions and orientations. Any perception, even wrong, served to territorial integrity as well as to aspiration towards sovereignty.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016-04-13-Note-00-07.Pdf
    Greeting We are proud to host the third Students Archaeology Symposium of Bamberg „SABA´16“ at the Otto-Friedrich- University Bamberg, Bavaria. Already since 2010 we have offered the oppurtuni- ty for European students of archaeology to present their theses. A special point of „SABA“ is the large spectrum of variegated archaeological disciplines, which are also teached at Bamberg University: Prehistory, Archaeology oft he Roman Provinces, Medi- eval and Post-Medieval Archaeology and Data Processing in Geoarchaeology as well as Islamic Archaeology. In this connection students get an idea of final papers of other BA- and MA-Students as well as the oppurtunity to exchange with all participants and to gain experiences, in keeping with the motto „For students from students“. In conclusion we are glad to announce an international conference with a wide range of presented issues, which took place from 31st of March to 2nd of April 2016. To conclude, we hope that you enjoy reading this conference transcript. The organisation team of SABA´16 (Bamberg, March 2016) Table of contents/ Inhaltsverzeichnis 2 Greeting/ Grußwort Block: material goods The earliest evidence of wheels and wagons in Neolithic Central Europe and Early Bronze Age of the Northern Pontic areas (3500–2200 BC) / Der früheste Nachweis von Wagenrädern im neo- lithischen Zentraleuropa und im Frühen Bronze Zeitalter der Schwarz-meerregion (3500 – 2200 v. Chr.). Sarah Bockmeyer , Manchester 5 Schötz-Schulhaus Hofmatt. A pit with ceramics from the elder Late Bronze Age at the Wau- wilermoos/ Schötz-Schulhaus Hofmatt. Eine Grube mit Keramik der älteren Spätbronzezeit am Wauwilermoos. Johannes Reich, Bern 11 Textiles and other organic adhesions of swords from Hallstatt-period of the Frankfurt region/ Textilien und weitere organische Auflagen auf hallstattzeitlichen Schwertern aus dem Frankfurter Raum.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    SFG2732 Public Disclosure Authorized THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT OF THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STARTEGIES OF SAMTSKHE-JAVAKHETI AND MTSKETA-MTIANETI Public Disclosure Authorized Third Regional Development Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized December, 2016 Abbreviations GNTA Georgia National Tourism Administration EIA Environnemental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan RDS Regional Development Strategy RTDS Regional Tourism Development Strategy MDF Municipal Development Fund of Georgia MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoENRP Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Protection of Georgia MoCMP Ministry of Culture and Monument Protection MESD Ministry of Economic and Sustaineble Developmnet NACHP National Agency for Cultural Heritage Protection PIU Project Implementation Unit RDP Regional Development Project SECHSA Strategic Environmental, Cultural Heritage and Social Assessment WB World Bank Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 THIRD REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (RDP III) ..................................................... 12 1.2 REGIONAL AND SECTORAL CONTEXT: RDS AND RTDS FOR SAMTSKHE- JAVAKHETI AND MTSKHETA-MTIANETI REGIONS ..................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The V. Sarajishvili Tbilisi State Conservatoire International
    The V. Sarajishvili #14 Tbilisi State The News Ethnomusicological life in Georgia Conservatoire For Dimitri Araqishvili’s Jubilee Foreign Ethnomusicologists International Izaly Zemtsovsky Foreign musical folklore The Chaotic Culture of Marrakech's Djemaa el Research Fna Georgian Children’s Folk Ensembles “Martve”, “Mdzlevari”, “Erkvani”, Center for “Lasharela” Expedition Diary Traditional Expedition in Zemo Achara (Keda District) One foreign folk ensemble Polyphony The Traditional Singing Group “Saucējas” from Latvia Beneficents of Georgian Song B U L L E T I N The Erkomaishvilis Foreigners on Georgian Folklore Peter Gold – Georgian Folk Music from Turkey The Centres of Georgian Science and Culture Simon Janashia State Museum of Georgia Foreign Performers of Georgian Folk Song Ensemble “Darbazi” from Canada Old Press Pages Kakhi Rosebashvili “I Could not Have Lived Without this Song…” Comment on the book: “Echoes from Georgia” History of One Song Tbilisi. June, 2013 “Urmuli” 1 The news 20-21.05.2013 – Professor Rob Simms of York Ethnomusicological life in Georgia University (Canada) delivered two lectures at Tbilisi State Conservatoire as organized by the IRCTP: 1. (January-June, 2013) “Poetics of Iranian Song and Muhammad Reza Shajarian‟s Songs” – historical, political, poetic 18.04.2013 – Information on Georgia‟s ethnomu- aspects, narrative performance, balance of the sicological life was published in the last volume of the individual and collective in tradition, interrelation ICTM (International Council of Traditional Music of between
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings Chapter
    Proceedings Chapter Gold deposits of the Lesser Caucasus: products of successive Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamic settings MORITZ, Robert, et al. Abstract Gold deposits were formed during two different geodynamic evolution stages of the Lesser Caucasus, starting with Mesozoic arc construction along the Eurasian margin, and followed by Cenozoic subduction-related to post-collision magmatism and tectonics during final Arabia- Eurasia convergence and accretion. Gold deposits are of the low-, and intermediate- to high-sulfidation type, with the latter ones being associated with porphyry deposits. Some deposits could be analogous to transitional VMS-epithermal systems in the Late Cretaceous Bolnisi district and during nascent Jurassic arc evolution along the Eurasian margin, but require further investigation. Reference MORITZ, Robert, et al. Gold deposits of the Lesser Caucasus: products of successive Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamic settings. In: Proceedings of the 14th SGA Biennial Meeting. 2017. Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:96388 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 Gold deposits of the Lesser Caucasus: products of successive Mesozoic and Cenozoic geodynamic settings Robert Moritz, Hervé Rezeau, Johannes Mederer, Stefano Gialli, Pierre Hemon, Jonathan Lavoie, Michael Calder, Samvel Hovakimyan Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland Rafael Melkonyan, Rodrik Tayan Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
    [Show full text]
  • December, 2006
    The V. Sarajishvili Tbilisi State #5 Conservatoire 3. The Third International International Symposium on Traditional Research Polyphony 5. Program for the Scientific Center for Sessions of the Third International Symposium on Traditional Traditional Polyphony 6. Georgian Traditional Polyphony Music in 2006 8. New Publications BULLETIN 10. Georgian Ethnomusicologists. Tinatin Zhvania 12. Ethnomusicology. Tinatin Zhvania Georgian Bowed Instruments. 17. Georgian Folk Groups. Ensemble Basiani 19. Field Expedition in Surebi (Guria) 21. Shota Altunashvili: Even a Century Ago It Was Extremely Difficult to Find a Genuine Meskhetian Song Here 24. Georgian Folk Song - New Transcription. Alilo TBILISI. DECEMBER. 2006 2 This volume is published through the support of Ministry of Culture, Monuments Protection and Sport. Editors: Rusudan Tsurtsumia Tamaz Gabisonia Translators: Maia Kachkachishvili Clayton Parr Lorean Ninoshvili Design: Nika Sebiskveradze Giorgi Kokilashvili Computer services: Tamaz Gabisonia Kakhaber Maisuradze © International Research Center for Traditional Polyphony of V. Sarajishvili Tbilisi State Conservatoire, 2006 ISSN 1512 - 2883 Printed by: polygraph Semi-annual bulletin in Georgian and English 3 duce itself to the world and must make an The Third effort to sustain the momentum that has be- gun. There is still much work to be done International in this direction. In short, the Symposium was a success despite some tiny glitches. Scholars from Symposium on 15 countries - Austria, Australia, USA, Bulgaria, Germany, Spain, Japan, Italy, Ca- Traditional nada, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, France, Croatia and Georgia - discussed the gene- sis of polyphony, methods for its documen- Polyphony tation, archival recordings, etc. Especially well represented were regional styles of mul- The Third International Symposium on tipart singing in Georgia and other countri- Traditional Polyphony has been brought to es, including the Mediterranean, which was a conclusion and the time for reflection has represented for the first time.
    [Show full text]