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Interstitio East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology INTERSTITIO East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology December 2012 Volume IV Number 1-2 (7-8) Interstitio East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology INTERSTITIO East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology December 2012 Volume IV Number 1-2 (7-8) Contents/ Spis Treści/ Sumar: FROM THE EDITORS Virgiliu Bîrlădeanu (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) Tomasz Pawelec (Katowice, Poland) ...................................................................................5 Studies/ Studia/ Studii RECUPERAREA MEMORIEI COLECTIVE ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA: PROBLEME ŞI PERSPECTIVE Ludmila D. Cojocaru (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..............................................................7 MITOLOGIILE LUI DECEMBRIE 1989. “LOCURI ALE MEMORIEI”: STATUI, CIMITIRE, MĂRTURII Mihaela Grancea (Sibiu, Romania) ....................................................................................19 THE OVERLAPPING REALMS OF MEMORY AND POLITICS IN UKRAINE, 2004-2012 Alexandr Osipian (Kramatorsk, Ukraine) ...........................................................................41 NATIONALIZING THE SOVIET MYTH: MEMORY OF WORLD WAR II IN BELARUS Aliaksei Lastouski (Minsk, Belarus) .....................................................................................63 “NORMALIZATION” VS/ OR “NORMATIVITY”: MEMORY POLITICS AND IDENTITY ISSUES IN GERMAN AND RUSSIAN DISCOURSES Andrey Makarychev (Berlin, Germany) ..................................................................................77 THE GUILT OF PRIESTHOOD. THE CASE OF A PROTESTANT PRIEST FROM TRANSYLVANIA, REFLECTED IN HIS SECURITATE FILE AND THE MEMORY OF HIS CHILDREN Laura Coltofean (Sibiu, Romania) ...................................................................................87 THE MEMORY PRACTICE THROUGH ORAL HISTORY APPROACH: THE CASE OF ZLATAUST STREET FROM IAŞI Adriana Bondor (Bucharest, Romania) ..........................................................................100 4 Interstitio. East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology, 2012, nr. 1-2 ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗМ VS КОЛЛЕКТИВИЗМ В ЦЕННОСТНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ УКРАИНЦЕВ: ЭТНОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ FROM THE EDITORS ПАМЯТИ ОБЩЕСТВА Юрий Петрушенко, Татьяна Кузнецова Virgiliu Bîrlădeanu (Sumy, Ukraine) ...................................................................................119 Chişinău, Republic of Moldova Tomasz Pawelec DEPORTATIONS AND FORCED LABOUR. FORMS OF REMEMBERING IN THE Katowice, Poland VILLAGES OF ARBORENY, BOIAN AND MAHALA (CHERNIVTSY REGION, UKRAINE) It is our pleasure to present the new volume of the journal “Interstitio: Marius Tărîţă East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology”, published in (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..........................................................126 December 2012. The volume hosts articles and reviews devoted to the topic of Memory Culture and Commemorations in Eastern Europe and aims to STRATEGII DE VIAŢĂ ÎN CONDIŢIILE POLITICII FISCALE STALINISTE DIN RSSM put under a common focus the theoretical and practical approaches of deal- (1944-1945), REFLECTATE ÎN DOCUMENTELE VREMII ing with the totalitarian past and, therefore, of building a European memory. Nicolae Fuştei The materials selected for this volume have been resulted or inspired by the (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..........................................................136 International Conference “Politics and Practices of Memory in Eastern Europe: Between the Totalitarian Past and a European Future” (Chişinău, 30 November Presentations/ Prezentacje/ Comunicări - 1 December 2012), organised by the Institute of Social History “ProMemoria”, THE ROMANIAN MONARCHY AND THE NATIONALIST PROPAGANDA Moldova State University in cooperation with the Centre for Advanced Studies CASE STUDY: KING CAROL II’S VISITS TO THE HISTORICAL REGIONS OF and Education of the European Humanitarian University from Vilnius, and ROMANIA – TRANSILVANIA, DOBROGEA AND BASARABIA (DECEMBER 1939 – supported by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation at Chişinău. JANUARY 1940) As these materials reveal, the volume offers a great platform for debates and Mihaela Buzatu exchange of experience between specialists on memory studies from Germany, (Craiova, Romania) ..............................................................................144 Romania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova as well as graduates and young fac- Book Reviews/ Recenzje/ Recenzii ulty members from research centres and universities. The paper by Mihaela Grancea proposes re-visiting the forms the traditional cultural mechanism of O NOUĂ IMAGINE A MEMORIEI ISTORICE POLONEZE, ÎN PERIOADA STALINISTĂ identity mythologies in the post-1989 Romania, pointing reader’s attention to (Dorota Malczewska-Pawelec, Tomasz Pawelec. 2011. Rewolucja w pamięci histo- the fact the un-solving certain dilemma related to the emergence and evolu- rycznej. Porównawcze studia nad praktykami manipulacji zbiorową pamięcią Polaków tion of December 1989, the combusting of rumours and the public manipula- w czasach stalinowskich. Kraków: Universitas, Uniwersytet Śląski Katowice. 302 s.) Marius Tărîţă tion ended in Romania by negative images about the nature of this event. At (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..........................................................151 the same time, taking into consideration the European experience of dealing with contested memories, which underlines the need for a pluralist culture of POLITICA MEMORIEI ÎN MANUALUL ŞCOLAR DE ISTORIE commemoration, the paper by Andrey Makarychev identifies two competing in- (Cătălina Mihalache. 2012. Didactica apartenenţei. Istorii de uz şcolar în România terpretations of normalcy in the contemporary German discourse. The author secolului XX. Iaşi: Institutul European. 333 p.) aims to explain why some parallels can be drawn between German and Russian Rodica Solovei identity-shaping discourses on normalization and normativity, and what effects (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..........................................................154 these discourses might render in a wider Europe. O ISTORIE ORALĂ A DEPORTĂRILOR STALINISTE The main feature of the socialist legacies in the field of memory politics is (Maryan Lopata, Andrey Mastyka, Marius Tărîţă. 2013. The Deportations from the still a unilateral view on memory and, respectively, adherence to ideological Neighbouring Chernivtsy Region (Ukraine) in 1944-1953 and from the Bricheny, Oknitsa projects. The articles devoted to the memory culture in Moldova, Belarus and and Edinets Regions (Moldova) in 1949-1951. Chişinău: S. n. 176 p.) Ukraine show the post-socialist countries’ politics of memory still constitute a Ludmila D. Cojocaru test for the preparedness of the state to transformations from totalitarian view on (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova) ..........................................................157 recent past to multi-vocal memories without necessarily heroic glorification and „monumentalisation” of the past. As shown in the Moldovan case by Ludmila Cojocaru, commemorations have emerged as central political issues used by CONTRIBUTORS .................................................................................158 various political and cultural groups to define national identity. Although ideological paradigm has changed in Moldova after 2009, the contradictions still persist, and the official initiatives in the field of memory politics are built on relatively developed democratic mechanisms, without public discussions where 6 Interstitio. East European Review of Historical and Cultural Anthropology 7 local communities of memory and experts can be involved. Aliaksei Lastouski Studies / Studia / Studii focuses on the issue of preservation and changes of the Soviet historical myth about the World War II in the independent Belarus and its links with the processes of forming national identity, suggesting the Soviet tradition of commemoration of the victory in the war is one of the most important means of legitimization of the modern state regime in Belarus. Alexandr Osipian approaches the memory politics development in Ukraine after 2004 by pointing on the regional differences; different historical legacies, myth-memories, and RECUPERAREA MEMORIEI COLECTIVE ÎN REPUBLICA cultural symbols of different regions are misused by the politicians to produce MOLDOVA: PROBLEME ŞI PERSPECTIVE in public policies the axis of confrontation between the “West” and “East” of Ukraine. The role of social memory evolution in different Ukrainian regions is also considered important by Yuriy Petrushenko and Tetyana Kuznetsova Ludmila D. Cojocaru in understanding the relationship between individualism and collectivism in Chişinău, Republica Moldova the Ukrainian collective consciousness, suggesting the contemporary values represent a symbiosis of the traditional values, Soviet norms of behaviour and recent norms emerged in the conditions of market economy social relations. Abstract. The paper aims to boost the interest of academic and civic society The documentary sources of local and oral history play an important from the Republic of Moldova toward the field of memory studies and to a com- role in studying memory culture and commemorative practices. After a short plex investigation of Soviet past. Analysing the marginalised voices from the presentation of the complex relationship between history and memory and the past and getting the support of public institutions is crucial for understanding the post-Soviet competing regimes of memory. The author points the main is- information one can gather from the
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