Introduction stablished in 1872, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences currently grants degrees in 57 departments, divisions, and committees in the humanities, natural sciences, and Esocial sciences. Individual programs determine the admissions standards and require- ments appropriate to their respective fields. This book outlines those requisites to obtaining a higher degree, along with the current research interests of faculty members. Most programs admit graduate students with the assump- tion that the master’s degree is conferred in the process of pursuing the doctorate. Please see the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Application and Guide to Admission and Financial Aid for those departments that offer admission for the terminal master’s degree. The Harvard Integrated Life Sciences (HILS) is a federation of programs, departments, and subject areas that oversees all PhD education in the life sciences, and integrates 12 life sciences graduate programs and subject areas across four Harvard faculties: the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the School of Dental Medicine, the Medical School, and the School of Public Health. The School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), a School within the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS), offers doctoral and master’s degree programs that lie at the interfaces of engineering, the applied sciences (from biology to physics), and technology. The Faculty of Arts and Sciences allows for the establishment of special ad hoc PhD programs when a student’s approved program extends beyond the academic discipline of a single department. Each ad hoc committee ordinarily consists of four faculty members, three of whom must be members of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, representing at least two estab- lished departments. A student must have completed a full year of graduate study at Harvard and achieved an outstanding academic record in an established PhD degree program in order to apply to establish an ad hoc PhD program. Master’s degrees are not awarded in ad hoc subjects. The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Guide to Admission and Financial Aid contains infor- mation useful for all Graduate School applicants. Please refer to that publication for information regarding general admissions and financial aid policies. Many departments also maintain Web pages with additional information. Should you have any questions, please write to us at [email protected], or at: The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Harvard University Admissions Office Holyoke Center 350 1350 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138-3654 8/2010 A printed on recycled paper Table of Contents African and African American Studies . 1 Biology, Molecular and Cellular . 97 Anthropology. 5 Biology, Organismic and Evolutionary . 101 Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Biophysics. .104 and Urban Planning. 11 Chemical Biology. .109 Astronomy. .16 Chemistry and Chemical Biology. 111 Biostatistics . 21 Systems Biology. .115 Business Economics. 23 Health Policy. 118 Celtic Languages and Literatures . 25 History. .126 Chemical Physics. 27 History of American Civilization. 130 The Classics. 29 History of Art and Architecture. 133 Comparative Literature . .37 History of Science . 136 Earth and Planetary Sciences. 41 Human Evolutionary Biology. 139 East Asian Programs. 44 Economics. .49 Inner Asian and Altaic Studies. 141 School of Engineering and Applied Sciences . .52 Linguistics. 142 Applied Mathematics Mathematics. .145 Applied Physics Middle Eastern Studies. .147 Bioengineering Music. 151 Computer Science Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations . 155 Electrical Engineering Organizational Behavior. 160 Environmental Sciences and Engineering Philosophy. 162 Mechanical Engineering Physics. .165 English. 57 Political Economy and Government. .169 Film and Visual Studies. .63 Psychology. 173 Forestry. .67 Public Policy. .183 Germanic Languages and Literatures. 68 Regional Studies-Russia, Eastern Europe, Government. 71 and Central Asia. 186 Harvard Integrated Life Sciences Program . .84 Religion. 189 Biological and Biomedical Sciences Romance Languages and Literatures. .195 (Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Sanskrit and Indian or Tibetan and Cell Biology, Developmental and Regenerative Himalayan Studies . 199 Biology, Genetics, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Pathology) (Division of Medical Science, Technology, and Management. .201 Sciences). .86 Slavic Languages and Literatures . 203 Immunology (Division of Medical Sciences). 89 Social Policy. .207 Neuroscience (Division of Medical Sciences). 89 Sociology. .210 Virology (Division of Medical Sciences) . 89 Special Programs: Byzantine Studies, Biological Sciences in Dental Medicine. 90 Medieval Studies. 213 Biological Sciences in Public Health. 92 Statistics. 215 PhD in African and African American Studies The Department of African and African con structed without attention to relations tions of environmental sustainability, health American Studies offers graduate programs in among communities in many parts of the and the burden of disease. Since Harvard was the fields of African American studies and of New World. There are many other reasons the pioneer among American universities in African studies. Their aim is to offer rigorous why this is intellectually necessary: a proper the study of Africa at the beginning of the interdisciplinary training in the humanities understanding of the concept of race, for 20th century, there are strong intellectual and and the social sciences, with a focus in a disci- example, must be comparative (and thus cross- historical reasons for having a strong African plinary field, leading to the PhD. national); and we are bound to acknowledge Studies program here. The study of Africa is in The program admits four or five students the complex role of economic, religious, and fact already part of the literature and discourse a year into a five- to six-year program. While intellectual linkages among communities of across many disciplines in the Humanities and there are no specific prerequisites, typically African descent within the Americas, as well Social Sciences. Historians have long studied students either have undergraduate majors in as their connections with Africa and with African history, ranging from pre-colonial African American studies or African studies, Europe. These general points can be illustrated studies drawing on both oral traditions and or have majors in fields such as anthropology, by various iconic examples: Marcus Garvey, written sources to exploration of colonial com parative literature, English, history, history the founder of the largest African American and post-colonial periods. In the fields of of art, music, philosophy, sociology, and mass political movement in the first half of literature, music, and art, African creativity religious studies, and have done some under- this century was a Jamaican; Alexander Crum- is of interest in terms of their central roles graduate work in the field of African or African mell, who was born in New York, was shaped in African societies as well as their diasporic American studies. by his experiences as one of the founders of circulation and influence on expressive culture the University of Liberia; the decolonization of worldwide. For anthropology, sociology, and African American Studies Africa and the presence of African diplomats political science, Africa has provided major The fundamental rationale for the African in New York at the United Nations affected subjects of research and study as well as a American Studies program is that there now the politics of the Civil Rights movement . source of comparative data. In economics, law, exists a substantial body of scholarly writing It is this interdisciplinary, comparative, political science, public health, and medicine, on African Amer ican social, cultural, economic cross-national approach to African American Africa has contributed striking new data that and political life and history, conducted by subjects in the humanities and the social has re-aligned thinking in these fields as well as scholars with a primary training in a tradi- sci ences that makes our PhD program unique. provided grist for comparative studies. tional discipline, who have drawn on the work Students study these topics from a variety of African Studies incorporates concerns of colleagues in other fields to enrich their disciplinary perspectives, participating in grad- with many of the central issues and problems work. This interdisciplinary corpus of scholar- uate seminars in anthropology, government, of present-day scholarship. The history of the ship is at the core of African American studies, history, literature, and sociology, for example. continent, in particular the impact of the colo- and most serious work on African American Thus, they are able to ask and answer ques- nial period on indigenous peoples and poli- literature, history, culture and social, economic tions from a wider variety of perspectives than ties, demands close attention as it constructed or politi cal life, proceeds with an awareness traditional disciplinary approaches allow. This borders and boundaries in relationship to of this interdisciplinary background. There interdisciplinary approach enables a student to indigenous ethnic, religious, or national iden- is, as a result, a fairly substantial tradition of produce richly contextualized analyses while tities. Many disciplines have begun to recog- writings and a lexicon of ideas that together retaining a principle focus within one