DOCSLIB.ORG

Figures from Internal Materials Circulated by MPT. Figures from My

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Figures from Internal Materials Circulated by MPT. Figures from My Notes Figures from internal materials circulated by MPT. Figures from my interview with the Chief Consultant of the Economic and Technological Development Research Centre of MPT and con- firmed by several other officials in MPT. There were on average 60.95 telephone sets per 100 inhabitants in OECD countries in 1985 (Ypsilanti, 1988). Each province, autonomous region, and municipality has its own Posts and Telecommunications Administration to administer the MPT's policies locally. According to my interviews with officials in the MPT and the MMEI (in Beijing, April 1993). This state-supported scheme for technological innovation selects various technological projects considered to be of national importance. This is a continuation of earlier state initiatives. In China, the state has been running 'Five-Year Plans' since 1953, which, in respect of Science and Technology development, have included a series of national R&D programmes. The R&D project for PDSS technology was under 'the key project plan during the sixth five-year plan'. According to my interview with Prof. Liu Ximin, a specialist in telephone-exchange technology and leader of the R&D project of Chinese system DS-2000 development (interview in Shanghai, March 1993). Interview with China's leading switching experts, Xie Xiaoan and Liu Ximin, who were themselves involved in such overall search of the opportunity of technology transfer from outside China. Zhou was the director of the Shanghai Telecommunication Construc- tion Bureau in overall charge of the System-12 project, and the Chairman of the board of the Sino-Belgian joint venture, Shanghai Bell, at that time. Kerkhofs was the programme manager for the BTM-China contracts in 1985, and the general manager of Shanghai Bell in 1986. The city where LTEF is located. Interview with Xie Xiaoan (see note 8), and other interviews in Shanghai Bell. In 1949 the USA, Japan, and the NATO countries created COCOM to restrict the flow of strategic goods and know-how, concerned that technology transfer might strengthen the strategic and military potential of socialist countries. Industrial sectors such as electronics and tele- communications were of particular concern in this context. Information provided by the first Chinese general manager and the present general manager of Shanghai Bell on my interviews in February 1993. Interview with the deputy manager of the Operations Department, 6 November 1992. 201 202 Notes 16. Interview with the deputy director of the Engineering Department, 30 January 1993. 17. The development of switching system technology is characterised accord- ing to the circuit technology. The earliest is 'analogue line circuit' with a microprocessor controlling 60 lines; the next was 'evolution line circuit' with a microprocessor controlling 128 lines, and the newest one is 'new generation line circuit' with a microprocessor controlling the same number of lines as the previous one but with the number of modems reduced. 18. Interview with a deputy director of the Engineering Department, 30 January 1993. 19. Interview with Mr De Graeve, who was the fourth Belgian general manager. His predecessors were: Mr J. Loontiens, Mr M. Kerkhofs and Mr S. Abbeloos. 20. Figures were provided by a deputy manager of the Engineering Department, 30 January 1993. 21. According to the director of Productivity and Quality Management, 'He is a very experienced manager. Apart from building up a quality control system in Shanghai Bell, he also introduced his knowledge to other local companies and had a very good relationship with the Shanghai Quality Management Association' (Director of Productivity and Quality Management, 9 November 1992). 22. Most detailed material about production quality control was provided by the manager of the Department of Productivity and Quality Manage- ment in an interview, on 9 November 1992. 23. The first System-12 exchange in use anywhere in the world was in June 1986 in the Netherlands. It was only six months before the first Shanghai Bell-made System-12 was put into operation in China. 24. Those with such a degree of education could have better jobs than being a phone operator in these places. 25. According to my discussion with shop-floor engineers and workers in Shanghai Bell's workshop, 1 March 1993. 26. Ibid. 27. Interview with the vice-chief engineer in the Shanghai Telephone Administration, 10 February 1993. 28. Interview with a deputy manager of the Personnel Department, 3 November 1992. 29. Figures provided by a deputy manager of the Department of Operational Finance at PTIC. 30. According to The Law of the People's Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment, Article 7, 'a joint venture equipped with up-to-date technology by world standards may apply for a reduction of or exemption from income tax for the first two to three profit-making years'. This law was adopted on 1 July 1979 at the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress; promulgated on 8 July 1979 (Shanghai Municipal Foreign Trade and Economic Committee, 1985c). 31. Interview with the deputy manager of the Department of Operational Finance at PTIC. i Notes 203 32. Domestic enterprises did not have such rights (see more detailed description in Chapter 4). 33. Interview with the vice-chief engineer in the Shanghai Local Tele- communications Administration and confirmed in other interviews in Shanghai Bell. I did not see the internal circular. However, there is the State Council No. 56 dispatch in 1989 which indicated clearly, 'it is requested for all purchasing of foreign switching systems to use the ones which have already been selected by the government' (Telecommunica- tions Administration Bureau at Zhejiang Provincial Posts and Tele- communications Administration, 1992, p. 93). 34. Many of the young managers I interviewed in Shanghai Bell belonged to this batch of recruits, which was arranged by MPT. 35. About the CCG group, the deputy director of the Engineering Department provided most details at the interview, 30 January 1993. 36. Details of RASM from an interview with the deputy director of the Engineering Department, 30 January 1993. 37. This material was provided by the deputy manager in the Engineering Department at the interview on 30 January 1993. 38. Interview with the Belgian general manager of Shanghai Bell, 10 February 1993 and the Chinese general manager, 1 February 1993. 39. Which is technically more complicated than the exchanges used for telecommunications switching within the country. 40. Interview with the deputy manager of the Engineering Department. 41. Interview with the manager of Marketing Department, 28 February 1993. 42. According to the deputy manager of the Engineering Department, who was in charge of installation. 43. Interview with the manager of Personnel Planning and Education in the Personnel and Administration Department, 3 November 1992. 44. Interview, 31 January 1993. 45. Interview with the Chinese general manager, 1 February 1993. 46. Interview with the deputy manager of the Operation Department, 6 November 1992. 47. Housing in Shanghai was extremely scarce, as a popular saying vividly described: 'It is easier to find a wife than a flat.' 48. The manager of Personnel Planning and Education at the Personnel and Administration Department, Shanghai Bell, gave me the details about material incentives which Shanghai Bell provided to its staff. 49. The manager (associate professor) of the Training Centre provided the most detailed material. 50. The mayor Zhu Rongji is now the Premier of the state council. 51 Interview with the deputy director of the Shanghai Bell System-12 Project Conducting Group. 52. Interview with the head of the Domestication Division. 53. This was according to the deputy manager of the Engineering Department. 54. The head of the Domestication Division at Shanghai Bell provided detailed material in this section. 55. Fuzhou is the capital of Fujian province on the southeast coast of China. 204 Notes 56. In December 1980 the contract for importing the system F-150 between Fujitsu and the Post and Telecommunications Administration of Fujian province was formally signed. It was eventually put into operation in November 1982 (Gu, 1992). 57. A French switching system, also the first commercial digital local exchange system of Alcatel-Thomson. 58. By that time, digital computer programme-controlled exchanges devel- oped by CIT were small-size PABX and terminal (local) exchanges. Full-size PDSS meant that the new system would have a capacity of approximately 30000 subscriber lines and could be used as local or tandem (toll) switches. 59. This is according to my interview with Professor Wu, Director of CIT, in Zhengzhou, 26 April 1993. 60. The system DS series was a range of Chinese PDSS technologies. DS-2000 was the first successful PDSS developed by Chinese R&D teams and the latest version was DS-30 (see also section 1.3). 61. The MPT was originally established as a posts and telecommunications administration entity for the country. The MMEI was an industrial management ministry. However, under Mao's self-reliance philosophy, the MPT and MMEI both established their own industrial enterprises during the Cultural Revolution. As they both have their own telephone switch producers, this gave rise to confrontations between them. 62. This is according to my interview with a high-ranking official in the Ministry of Machine Building and Electronics Industry (now, Ministry of Electronics Industry). 63. Apart from the public telecommunications network, in China, there were several private networks run individually by the Ministry of Railways, the People's Liberation Army, the Ministry of Electronics Industry, etc. which have excess capacity. In early 1993, they planned to initiate a joint company, Lian Tong Corp. ('Unicom' in English), and to jointly establish a rival public telecommunications network, in order to challenge the MPT. This plan was still being debated when I was there in April 1993. 64.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
    3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11
    [Show full text]
  • Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China's
    Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities Yunhe Pan Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities General Report Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities Editor-in-chief Yunhe Pan, Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, China This book series is the first in China on “Intelligent City” research, with systematic and thorough contributions from more than 200 Chinese experts including 47 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in related fields. The book series is co-published with Zhejiang University Press, Hangzhou, China and consists of 13 volumes as planned, including one general report and 12 sector reports. In 2010, CAE conducted a research on the development of “smart cities” and concluded that urban development in China has reached a crucial turning point. Therefore, CAE kicked off the key consultancy research project on “Strategic Research on Construction and Promotion of China’s Intelligent Cities”, on which this book series is based. Firsthand and research results, surveys and analysis are provided on almost every aspect of urban development and smart cities in this series. Representing the highest level of research in this field in China, the book series will offer an authoritative reference resource for international readers, helping them to understand intelligent city construction in China, a movement expected to be highly influential around the globe. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15953
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2009 Contents
    CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Annual Report 2009 Contents Message from the President 1 Key Statistical Data 4 Strategic Planning 14 Academic Divisions 17 Scientific Research Development 23 Awards and Honors 54 Scientific Facilities 59 Human Resources 68 International Cooperation 71 Partnership with Industry 75 High-tech Industry 79 Science Popularization 81 Appendix: Directory of the CAS Subordinate Institutions 83 Cover Picture: Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Annual Report 09 Message from the President >>> The year of 2008 was a very eventful and extraordinary year for the Chinese people. Over the past year we have successfully handled the winter snow disaster in southern China and the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province. The Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games were hosted very successfully and the manned spaceship Shenzhou VII was launched. China has also taken effective measures to meet the challenges presented by the global financial crisis. Prof. Dr. Ing. LU Yongxiang Facing all of these challenges and Member of CAS Member of CAE opportunities in 2008, the Chinese Vice Chairman of the Standing Academy of Sciences (CAS) has Committee of the National People’s Congress, P.R.China focused its innovation strategies on President of CAS meeting national demands at these key moments. Following our core principle of science and technology innovation, we have achieved a marked possibly arising from dark matter, increase in innovative capacity and key breakthroughs were made in research research developments. CAS strives to on iron-based superconductors, we put people first and has continued to successfully developed the world’s first strengthen innovative research teams quantum relay instrument, and also and develop the skills of our personnel, completed construction of the Large Sky thus raising innovation capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • The Military Potential of China's Commercial Technology
    The Military Potential of CHINA’S Commercial Technology Roger Cliff Prepared for the United States Air Force Project AIR FORCE • R Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research reported here was sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract F49642-96-C-0001. Further information may be obtained from the Strategic Planning Division, Directorate of Plans, Hq USAF. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cliff, Roger. The military potential of China’s commercial technology / Roger Cliff. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. “MR-1292-AF.” ISBN 0-8330-2939-8 1. China—Defenses. 2. China—Armed Forces. 3. Industrial mobilization— China. 4. China—Economic conditions—1976– I. Title. UA835 .C57 2001 355'.07'0951—dc21 00-068328 RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND® is a registered trademark. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors. © Copyright 2001 RAND All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND. Cover design by Tanya Maiboroda Published 2001 by RAND 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org/ To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Internet: [email protected] PREFACE This report examines the potential of China’s civilian industry to serve as a source of advanced technology for China’s military.
    [Show full text]
  • CONFERENCE PROGRAM Second International Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM 2007)
    CONFERENCE PROGRAM Second International Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM 2007) http://www.chinacom.org Co-Sponsored by Technical Sponsors GREETINGS FROM THE GENERAL CHAIRS On behalf of the organizing committee, we would like to welcome you to the 2nd International Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM 2007), to be held in Shanghai on August 22-24, 2007. CHINACOM 2007 is being positioned as a premier international annual conference for the presentation of original contributions and fundamental advances in the field of Communications, Networks, and Internet Applications. It will showcase a strong technical program consisting of 6 Symposia, special sessions. CHINACOM 2007 will also feature two prominent invited keynote speakers: Dr. David G. Belanger, AT&T Labs Research V.P. and Chief Scientist of Information & Software Systems, and Dr. Paulo T. de Sousa, Head of Sector, Internet of the Future, in the Directorate-General Information Society, European Commission. We are very grateful to the sponsorship of Create-Net, ICST, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and technical support of IEEE, IEEE CAS, IEEE MTT-S, IEEE CVTC, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, and Zhejiang University. We would like to express our sincere thanks and appreciation to all the organizing committee members, the technical program chairs, symposium chairs, the technical program committee members and reviewers. We would also like to thanks all the authors for submitting their papers to the conference. All accepted and presented papers will be included in the CHINACOM 2007 Conference Proceedings. They will be made available in IEEE Xplore Digital Library and be indexed by Engineering Information (EI).
    [Show full text]
  • 会议指南konferenzhandbuch
    会议指南 Konferenzhandbuch 中国‧宁波 NINGBO·CHINA 2015.10.26-2015.10.30 26. Oktober 2015 - 30. Oktober 2015 目录 欢迎辞..............................................................3 论坛组委会.........................................................6 论坛学术委员会...................................................11 会议须知...........................................................14 论坛日程安排......................................................16 宁波巿简介........................................................31 宁波工程学院简介................................................33 会场平面示意图...................................................35 1 Inhaltsverzeichnis Grußwort....................................................................................................4 Organisationskomitee................................................................................8 Akademisches Komitee............................................................................12 Hinweise...................................................................................................15 Tagungsprogramm....................................................................................17 Ningbo im Überblick................................................................................32 Profil der Technischen Universität Ningbo..............................................34 Raumplan des Tagungshotels...................................................................35 2 第五届中德论坛欢迎辞 本次论坛的主题是“应用型本科院校质量与评价”。这是贯 彻党的十八届三中、四中全会精神，落实中长期教育改革和发展 规划纲要，加快应用型人才培养，促进高等教育机构调整，服务 创新驱动国家战略的重大举措，一定会为中国应用技术大学建设
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
    China Data Supplement August 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 40 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 42 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 48 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 55 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 59 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 August 2007 The Main National Leadership of
    [Show full text]
  • Final Program
    25th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP 2018) Final Program December 13 – 16, 2018, Siem Reap, Cambodia December 13-16, 2018 Siem Reap, Cambodia Welcome Messages It is our pleasure to welcome you to the 25th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP 2018), to be held in Siem Reap, Cambodia, December 13-16, 2018. The ICONIP conference series started in 1994 in Seoul, which has now become a well-established and high-quality conference on neural networks around the world. Siem Reap is a gateway to Angkor Wat, which is one of the most important archaeological sites in Southeast Asia, the largest religious monument in the world. All participants of ICONIP 2018 would have a technically rewarding experience as well as a memorable stay in this great city. In recent years, the neural network has been significantly advanced with the great developments in neuroscience, computer science, cognitive science, and engineering. Many novel neural information processing techniques have been proposed as the solutions to complex, networked and information-rich intelligent systems. To disseminate new findings, ICONIP 2018 provided a high-level international forum for scientists, engineers, and educators to present the state of the art of research and applications in all fields regarding neural networks. With the growing popularity of neural networks in recent years, we have witnessed an increase in the number of submissions and in the quality of submissions. ICONIP 2018 received 575 submissions from 51 countries and regions across six continents. Based on a rigorous peer-review process, where each submission was reviewed by at least three experts, a total of 401 high-quality papers were selected for publication in the prestigious series of Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science.
    [Show full text]
  • Energetics Science and Technology in China
    Energetics Science and Technology in China Energetics Science and Technology in China James M. Short Robert A. Kavetsky Michael G. Pecht Davinder K. Anand Center for Energetic Concepts Development Series University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland Library of Congress Control Number: 2010938181 The book contains information from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted and credit is given when appropriate. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. The views of this book are solely the views of the authors. No opinions, statements of fact, or conclusions contained in this document can be properly attributed to the Department of Defense, the Office of Naval Research, or its contracting agencies. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from CECD. CECD consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CECD for such copying. Direct all inquiries to: CECD 2140 Glenn L. Martin Hall University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742 Ph.: (301) 405-5205 http://www.cecd.umd.edu 2010 CECD International Standard Book Number 978-0-9846274-0-0 Printed in Hong Kong Preface Two monthefore its use, the thermobaric warhead u When we think of energetics, inevitably we think of explosives, propellants, firecrackers, gunpowder, and then China, since it is there that gunpowder was first invented.
    [Show full text]
  • AAAI-20 Accepted Paper List.3.23.20Docx
    AAAI-20 Accepted Papers – Main Technical Track (The following list includes all accepted papers for the main track of AAAI-20. The list is sorted according to submission number order. Titles and spelling may not be final. Final titles will be reflected in the final program and proceedings according to what is submitted by authors at the camera-ready copy deadline. Additional tracks will be posted in January.) 3: InstaNAS: Instance-aware Neural Architecture Search An-Chieh Cheng (National Tsing-Hua University)*; Chieh Hubert Lin (National Tsing Hua University); Da-Cheng Juan (Google); Wei Wei (Google); Min Sun (NTHU) 23: BOWL: Bayesian Optimization for Weight Learning in Probabilistic Soft Logic Sriram Srinivasan (UC Santa Cruz)*; Golnoosh Farnadi (Polytechnique Montreal); Lise Getoor (University of California Santa Cruz) 38: Regularized Wasserstein Means for Aligning Distributional Data Liang Mi (Arizona State University)*; wen zhang (ASU); Yalin Wang (Arizona State University) 46: Geometry-constrained Car Recognition Using a 3D Perspective Network Rui Zeng (Queensland University of Technology)*; Zongyuan Ge (Monash); SIMON DENMAN (Queensland University of Technology, Australia); Sridha Sridharan (QUT); Clinton Fookes (Queensland University of Technology) 53: Further Understanding Videos through Adverbs: A New Video Task Bo Pang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University); Kaiwen Zha (Shanghai Jiao Tong University); Yifan Zhang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University); Cewu Lu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)* 57: Adaptive Unimodal Cost Volume Filtering for
    [Show full text]
  • China Communications 2010年4月 第2期 April 2010 Vol.7 No.2 China Communications
    ISSN1673-5447 CN11-5439/TN 邮发代号2-539 SCIE源期刊 China Communications 2010年4月 第2期 April 2010 Vol.7 No.2 China Communications China Communications 无线通信中的能源效率VS带宽效率：从经济可持续性到绿色无线电 Power versus Bandwidth Efficiency in Wireless Communications: From Economic Sustainability to Green Radio 一种基于分层博弈方法的用户协作中继网络上行传输机制研究 Couple Subscriber Cooperative Relaying Networks for Uplink Transmission Using Hierarchical Game Approach 一维车载Ad Hoc网络连接度分析 On the Connectivity of One-dimensional Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks 基于双向调节令牌桶的网络带宽管理算法 A Network Bandwidth Management Algorithm based on Adjustable Token Buckets April 2010 No.2 WiMAX中基于跨层设计的SNR阈值区间可变式自适应调制编码机制 A Novel AMC Scheme with Alterable SNR Threshold Intervals based on Cross-layer Design in WiMAX ISSN 1673-5447 02> 投稿信箱：[email protected] 更详细了解我们，请编辑短信“中国通信”发送到12114 读者服务： 977 1673 544108 [email protected] www.12114.org.cn A Publication of China Institute of Communications 本刊于2007年1月起被收入SCIE检索 The journal has been included in SCIE index from Jan., 2007. ISSN1673-5447 CN11-5439/TN China Communications 邮发代号2-539 AUTHORIZED BY 主管单位 China Science and Technology Association 中国科学技术协会 SPONSORED BY 主办单位 China Institute of Communications 中国通信学会 ADVISORY BOARD 顾问委员会 Wu Jichuan, Minister,Former Ministry of Information Industry, China 吴基传 原信息产业部部长 Ye Peida, Academician, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 叶培大 中国科学院院士 Zhu Gaofeng, Academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering, China 朱高峰 中国工程院院士 Song Zhiyuan, Chairman, Science and Technology Commission of MIIT, China 宋直元 工业和信息化部通信科技委主任 Zhou Deqiang, President, China Institute of
    [Show full text]
  • Unclassified Assessments, Net Assessments, and Warning Indicators for High Consequence, Long-Term, Military Developments
    China’s Progress in Technological Competitiveness The Need for a New Assessment Dr. Michael Pillsbury April 21, 2005 A Report Prepared for the US China Economic and Security Review Commission 1 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 SECTION 1 — S&T’S PRIMARY ROLE IN CHINA’S STRATEGY 5 SECTION 2 – KOREA’S 6 ASSESSMENTS OF CHINA’S S&T 7 SECTION 3 — 16 REMARKABLE S&T ACHIEVEMENTS 11 SECTION 4 — 20 INDICATORS OF CHINA’S S&T PROGRESS 29 SECTION 5 — US CONGRESSIONAL STATEMENTS 39 SECTION 6 — POLICY OPTIONS AND A NEW ASSESSMENT 47 APPENDIX ONE — Chinese Innovation Centers 49 APPENDIX TWO — 80 Chinese S&T Journals To Monitor 61 APPENDIX THREE — Minutes of the U.S.-PRC Joint S&T Commission 75 APPENDIX FOUR — PRC Science Goals For 2005 78 APPENDIX FIVE — DOD Technology Indicators – Manufacturing Processes 90 APPENDIX SIX — PRC International S&T Agreements 119 APPENDIX SEVEN — US Congressional Statements on S&T Funding 123 APPENDIX EIGHT — The Latest NSF STUDY -February 2004 R&D Linkages 153 APPENDIX NINE — NSF Indicators of Competition 158 APPENDIX TEN — NSF Indicators In 2002 168 APPENDIX ELEVEN — DOD Net Assessment Study of Chinese Military Indicators 184 APPENDIX TWELVE — Graphic of Trends in U.S. R&D by Function 195 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report describes 16 recent remarkable achievements in S&T China has reported in 2005, then proposes 20 indicators that should be used to produce a more accurate future assessment of the rate of progress of Chinese S&T. The report also provides summaries of 6 South Korean alarming assessments of China’s dramatic progress in Chinese S&T, in 2005.
    [Show full text]