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Federal Register/Vol. 81, No. 8/Wednesday, January 13, 2016 1534 Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 8 / Wednesday, January 13, 2016 / Rules and Regulations If . Then include . ******* (j) the estimated value of the acquisition exceeds $10 million ................ 52.222–24 Pre-award On-site Equal Opportunity Compliance Evalua- tion. (k) the contracting officer requires cost or pricing data for work or serv- 52.215–10 Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data. ices exceeding the threshold identified in FAR 15.403–4. 52.215–12 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data. ******* [FR Doc. 2016–00475 Filed 1–12–16; 8:45 am] DATES: This interim rule is effective as the offspring or eggs of any of the BILLING CODE 6820–161–P of January 28, 2016. Interested persons foregoing that are injurious to human are invited to submit written comments beings, to the interests of agriculture, on this interim rule on or before March horticulture, or forestry, or to the DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 14, 2016 wildlife or wildlife resources of the ADDRESSES: You may submit comments United States. Fish and Wildlife Service by any of the following methods: We have determined that salamanders • Federal eRulemaking Portal: http:// that can carry the fungus 50 CFR Part 16 www.regulations.gov. Search for Docket Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) are injurious to wildlife and RIN 1018–BA77 No. FWS–HQ–FAC–2015–0005 and follow the instructions for submitting wildlife resources of the United States. [Docket No. FWS–HQ–FAC–2015–0005; comments. This determination was based on a FXFR13360900000–156–FF09F14000] • Mail, Hand Delivery, or Courier: review of the literature and an Public Comments Processing, Attn: evaluation under the criteria for Injurious Wildlife Species; Listing FWS–HQ–FAC–2015–0005; Division of injuriousness by the Service. The Salamanders Due to Risk of Policy, Performance, and Management salamander species listed by this Salamander Chytrid Fungus Programs; United States Fish and interim rule are those found within a AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Wildlife Service; MS: BPHC; 5275 genus for which we have confirmation Interior. Leesburg Pike; Falls Church, VA 22041– that at least one species in that genus is ACTION: Interim rule; request for 3803. a carrier of Bsal, and there is no comments; notice of availability of We will not accept email or faxes. We countervailing conclusive evidence economic analysis. will post all comments on http:// suggesting that some species within the www.regulations.gov. This generally genus are not carriers. We find that, due SUMMARY: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife means that we will post any personal to shared characteristics by species Service is amending its regulations information you provide us (see within a genus, other species within under the Lacey Act to add all species Comments on the Content of the Interim these genera are also highly likely to be of salamanders from 20 genera, of which Rule for more information). All carriers of Bsal. Although additional there are 201 species, to the list of submissions received must include salamander species could be at risk from injurious amphibians. With this interim ‘‘Docket No. FWS–HQ–FAC–2015– Bsal infection or could serve as a carrier, rule, both importation into the United 0005’’ for this rulemaking. For detailed we are not listing species in those States and interstate transportation instructions on submitting comments genera because they have not yet been between States, the District of Columbia, and additional information on the tested. the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or rulemaking process, see Comments on The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service any territory or possession of the United the Content of the Interim Rule. (Service, USFWS, or we) is amending its States of any live or dead specimen, Docket: For access to the docket to regulations under the Lacey Act to add including parts, of these 20 genera of read background documents or to the list of injurious wildlife all salamanders are prohibited, except by comments received, go to http:// species of live and dead specimens from permit for zoological, educational, www.regulations.gov and find Docket 20 genera, including body parts, from medical, or scientific purposes (in No. FWS–HQ–FAC–2015–0005. the amphibian order Caudata, which accordance with permit conditions) or FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: includes animals commonly referred to by Federal agencies without a permit Jason Goldberg or Susan Jewell, as salamanders, newts, and other names solely for their own use. This action is Injurious Wildlife Listing Coordinators, (hereafter, salamanders). The purpose of necessary to protect the interests of United States Fish and Wildlife Service, listing these species as injurious wildlife and wildlife resources from the Branch of Aquatic Invasive Species; MS: wildlife is to prevent the introduction, introduction, establishment, and spread FAC; 5275 Leesburg Pike; Falls Church, establishment, and spread of the fungus of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium VA 22041–3803 telephone 703–358– (Bsal) in the wild in the United States. salamandrivorans into ecosystems of 1715. If you use a telecommunications The fungus affects only salamanders, the United States. The fungus affects device for the deaf (TDD), please call the has lethal effects on many salamander salamanders, with lethal effects on Federal Information Relay Service species, and is not yet known to be many species, and is not yet known to (FIRS) at 800–877–8339. found in the United States. be found in the United States. Because SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The United States has the greatest of the devastating effect that we expect diversity of salamanders in the world, the fungus will have on native U.S. Executive Summary the salamanders are a vital part of native salamanders if introduced and, Under the Lacey Act (18 U.S.C. 42, as ecosystems, and numerous salamander therefore, the need to act immediately to amended), the Secretary of the Interior populations are at risk of endangerment prevent the disease from being may list by regulation those wild from Bsal. Experience with the introduced into the United States, the mammals, wild birds, fish, mollusks, introduction of Bsal into the Service is publishing this interim rule. crustaceans, amphibians, reptiles, and Netherlands and associated deleterious VerDate Sep<11>2014 15:56 Jan 12, 2016 Jkt 238001 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4700 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\13JAR1.SGM 13JAR1 asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with RULES Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 8 / Wednesday, January 13, 2016 / Rules and Regulations 1535 effects to native salamanders, along with a host and causing extensive damage to localities, not merely large territories, laboratory research, confirms that Bsal wildlife and wildlife resources, where they have not previously existed. can be introduced and cause substantial including federally endangered and See 16 U.S.C. 701. Third, the legislative and immediate harm in the United threatened species. Eradicating Bsal history of Congress’s many amendments States. would be extremely difficult once to the Lacey Act since its enactment in A risk assessment conducted by the introduced and established, the ability 1900 shows that Congress intended, U.S. Geological Survey concluded that to rehabilitate disturbed ecosystems is from the very beginning, for the Service the potential for Bsal introduction into expected to be low, and controlling Bsal to regulate the interstate shipment of the United States is high, the United is not practical. Prophylactic treatments certain injurious wildlife. Finally, States has suitable conditions for Bsal for imports of salamanders to manage recent Congresses have made clear that survival, and the consequences of Bsal are in development but are not yet Congress interprets 18 U.S.C. 42(a)(1) as introduction into the United States are fully tested or feasible. prohibiting interstate transport of expected to be severe and occur across We are amending our regulations injurious wildlife between the states a wide range of the United States. The under an interim rule and are foregoing within the continental United States. In main pathway for the global spread of a proposed rule. The interim rule will amending § 42(a)(1) to add bighead carp Bsal is the international trade in take effect on the date specified above and zebra mussels as injurious wildlife salamanders. The ability and in DATES, with public comment to without making other changes to the effectiveness of measures to prevent or conclude as set forth in DATES. Based on provision, Congress repeated and control Bsal is currently low. Trade in public comments received, the interim ratified the Service’s interpretation of wildlife occurs on a global scale, and rule may be revised. If Bsal is the statute as prohibiting all interstate amphibians are one of the most introduced into the United States, it is transport of injurious species. commonly traded animals. Therefore, expected to have negative effects on The prohibitions on importation and listing the 20 genera will be effective at many species of native salamanders. No all interstate transportation are both reducing the likelihood that Bsal enters conclusive evidence exists that suggests necessary to prevent the introduction, the United States and presents a threat that Bsal is found in the United States. establishment, and spread of injurious to native salamander species. Therefore, the opportunity exists to take species that threaten human health or Of the 190 native U.S. salamander urgent action now to prevent the
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