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Mn 1000 B 096.Pdf ~ "')i.. .'i '"\ I St. Paul Campus LIBRARY University of Minnesota f..J - Iv; Ul!UVERS:TY OF M;.:,. .--.:..JA [}.;GUMt:.". I~ NQV l q 1981 ) UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA. Agricultural Experiment Station. BULLETIN. No. 96. APR TL, 1906. Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants in Minnesota. ST. ANTHONY PARK, RAMSEY COUNTF, MINNESOTA. EAGLE PRINTING Co., PRINTERSt DELANO. The Board of Regents. CYRUS NORTHROP, LL. D., Minneapolis ............ Ex-Officio The President of the University. The HON. JAMES T. WYMAN, Minneapolis ................ 1907 The President of the Board. The HON. JOHN A. JOHNSON, St. Peter .............. Ex-Officio The Governor of the State. The HON. JOHN W. OLSEN, Albert Lea .............. Ex-Officio The State Superintendent of Public Instruction. The HON. STEPHEN MAHONEY, B. A., Minneapolis ...... 1907 The HON. 0. C. STRICKLER, M. D., Ne~ Ulm ............ 1907 The HON. S. G. COMSTOCK, Moorhead .................... 1909 The HON. THOMAS WILSON, St. Paul .................... 1909 The HON. B. F. NELSON, Minneapolis ...................... 1909 The HON. A. E. RICE, Willmar .............................. 1909 The HON. EUGENE W. RANDALL, l14orris ................ 1910 The HON. DANIEL R. NOYES, St. Paul .................... 1910 THE AGRICULTURAL COMMITTEE. The HON. A. E. RICE, Chairman. The HON. JOHN A. JOHNSON. The HON. B. F. NELSON. The HON. S. G. COMSTOCK. The HON. E. W. RANDALL. STATION OFFICERS. WM. M. LIGGETT ...................................... Director ]. A. VYE ............................................... Secretary EXPERIMENT CORPS. SAMUEL B. GREEN, B. S ......................... Horticulturist HARRY SNYDER, B. S. ................................ Chemist T. L. HAECKER ................................ Dairy Husbandry M. H. REYNOLDS, M. D., V. M ....................... Veterinarian ANDREW BOSS .............. Agriculturist and Animal Husbandry FREDERICK L. WASHBURN, M. A ............... Entomologist ]. A. HUMMEL, B. Agr. ....................... Assistant Chemist COATES P. BULL, B. Agr............... Assistant in Agriculture A. G. RUGGLES, M. A ..................... Assistant Entomologist A. ]. Mct;UIRE, B. Agr............... Superintendent, Grand Rapids D. A. GAUMNITZ, M. S. Agr....... Assistant in Animal Husbandry A. D. WILSON, B. S. Agr. ................ Assistant in Agriculture E. C. PARKER, B. S. Agr................... Assistant in Agriculture WM. ROBERTSON, B. S ............... Superintendent, Crookston The bulletins of this Station are mailed free to all residents of this State who make ap~lication for them. ORNAl\IEX'l\UJ 'I1ItEES, SHRUBS AND HERBACEOUS PJJAN'fd IN ..l\IINNESO'l'A . SAMUEL B. GREEN. Introduction. This bulletin is prepared in response to many calls for information as to the best material to use for orna­ mental planting in Minnesota. The conditions here are peculiar. Our climate is rather severe on plant life, and much of the plant material available for planting in the older settled portions of this country is not hardy in Minnesota. In consequence of this it has been necessary to make a large number of trial plantings for the purpose of determining· what could be grown here to achantage. In other words.· in this line of work, as in many other phases of agriculture, Minnesota cannot look to the older settled portions of this country for precedents, but must work out a system of horticulture and agriculture of its own. The results here given have been attained largely at the University Farm, but an effort has been made to get together as much data of this kind as could be found in this section. I would call especial attention to the planting lists on pages 308 to 314. It will be noted that while some of the more com­ monly used planting nnterial is not ayailable here. on ac­ count of its being too tender, yet we have a goodly list of plants that are satisfactory here with proper treatment, and that with them we need not lack for good results. Those who are acquainted with the material ordin­ arily offered by eastern nurserymen will be surprised per­ haps in looking over the list recommended here at the ~I :th~e11cc of Ericaceous plants, including especially the Rho­ ' • I I dockndrons, Azaleas and Kalmias. The State of Minnesota is one of the largest in the Unio11, aud is nearly as large as all New England, and I. cm crs a great yariety of conditions and climate. The 11 pla11ln must, therefore, as a matter of course, use consid­ I crali1e g·ood jndgment in following the notes here given. I Jn the early pioneer stage of a country there is little ti111e for ornamental planting, but ·with an increase of \\·ealth there comes time for such matters and often the degree of attention which is paid to ornamental planting and t lie development of parks, and that which goes to 111ak,· the city and country beautiful, may be taken as an irnk:-;: of the degree of refinement which the people have reached. The illustrations here reproduced have been gath­ ncd ir()m various sources, but most of them are from the .C'.T1i1111d:; of the E:-;:periment Station, and many of them \\ nc 111ade hy my former assistant, Harold Cuzner. I 11111~t here _also acknowledge the kindness of the Jewel! . i '\ ur:;cr_\ Co .. of Lake City, Minnesota, in perm1tt111g us l1i 1be :;c\·eral e:-;:ccllent photos taken at their nursery. Chiet reliance is here placed on common names and the botanical names used are such as by long use li:t\c IJccomc recognized by the trade. No attempt is macle lo give the latest botanical names as on account of the many changes recently made in botanical nomencla­ ture and its unstable condition it has not been considered , \Yorth while to do so in a publication of this kind. ' 0 I< N .\ Tvl ENT1\ I, TIH: l·:.S .\ Nll S 11 RU BS. 2.+1 DECIDUOUS TREES. Acer, Maple. WHITE, SILVER-LEAF, OR SoFT MAPLE. Very hardy, easily transplanted ancl of rapid growth but suffers from a deficiency of moisture in the soil. It is especially desir­ able for somewhat protected locations. If exposed to severe winds, the limbs ar·e often broken in the crotches but this difficulty may be largely overcome by occasionally shortening the branches an<l retaining as much as possible, a central leading shoot. In many parts of Minnesota, it is a good street tree and Yaluecl for wind breaks on ac­ count of its quick upright growth. Easily grown from seed which ripens in June. CuT-LEAF c"' \VrnR's CuT-LL\F MAPLE. A sport from the ·white Map.c t:hat is propagated by budding or graft­ ing. As hardy as the \:Vhite l\faple and a pretty, grace­ ful lawn or park tree; of irregular pendulous habit and finely ~ut. foliage. One of the best small lawn trees. Sim­ ilar in yalue are the varieties of the Soft Maple known as variety tripartitum and variety heterophyllum. STRIPED BARK l\L\PLE. Moose \Vood. (A. pe1111syl­ vaniwm.) J\ small native tree of good habit, not much used; adapted especially to somewhat shady locations. NORWAY MAPLE. (A. plata11oides.) A large tree from Europe with large, dark green leaves which are smooth and dark green on both sides. i\ desirable street tree, rivaling the Hare! :\faple in value and possibly a little better adapted to severe locations, but neither of them are successful 111 western or northern Minnesota unless protected from wind. The varieties of this species are equally hardy so far as tried here. The two best are perhaps those next mentioned. SCIIWEDLER MAPLE. (A. plata11oidcs, var. schwcdlcrii.) A variety of the Norway Maple with a most beautiful crim- :.:1:.: UIZN1\:--JE0JT,\L TREES r\1\iD SHH.UBS. s(ln color on its young growth which changes to a rich brown when mature. V cry handsome and showy in the ~' ,, spring. A valuable park and lawn tree. 1·1 RITTENBACH :MAPLE. (.1. j1lata11oidcs, yar. rittCll- . ; 'I l>nchii.) A variety with bronze purple foliage in the latter ·1 p:lrt of the season. A beautiful form well worth growing ' i11 a small way. Valuable for park and lawn planting. I H.En, SWAMP OR Sovr MAPLE. A native tree of 111cdinm size and slow growth with deep reel blossoms L':lrly in the spring followed by reddish seed vessels and ],rilliant scarlet foliage early in autumn. It should be 11J<>re often cultivated here for ornamental purposes. SL:(;.\R, I-L\IW, OR H.ocK J\L\l'LE. Very hardy over most ( •i .!\1 innesota. when grmn1 in forests in porous, clay lands, :t 11 cl forms one of our most ya] uab 1e fuel woods. It does 11 l·ll in southern and south-eastern ~ 1Iinnesota when grown as a street or lawn tree. if the trunk is shaded with straw ()J" other material when young. \·Vhen not thus protected, t lie trunk is liable to sunscald. In the northern and wesi­ crn portions of this state it winter kills badly in exposed '(•cations, especially when young and before becoming 11 ell established. ],\P,\N MAPLE. (."'1. porymorphum.) This species and ih many beautiful varieties are unfortunately too tender to be satisfactory in this section. By careful nursing they may be carried along for a few years. SYCAMORE MAPLE. (A. pseudo-platanus.) Altogether too tender for this section. MOUNTAIN OR VINE MAPLE. (A. spicatum.) Found :l hnndantly in some of our northern woods. In the shade of other trees it sometimes takes on a vine-like habit. In the open, it makes a vigorous shrub or small tree. Well adapted to lawn planting. TART ARIAN MAPLE. (A. tartaric1t1n.) A small, pretty tree of great hardiness and clean habit. The flowers, which are in clusters, appear early in June and are rather pretty; these are followed by crimson seed vessels which ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 243 npen 111 autumn. It may be trained as a large shrub or small tree. One tree of this species at the Experiment Station spreads about fifteen feet.
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