DOCSLIB.ORG

Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Uses

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Uses International Journal of Complementary & Alternative Medicine Wild Fruits of Uttarakhand (India): Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Uses Abstract Review Article Fruit is a ripened ovary, it may either fleshy or nut and divided into cultivated as Volume 8 Issue 3 - 2017 well as wild categories. Wild fruits are worldwide distributed and mostly found in the part of earth where anthropogenic activities are no or negligible. The use of Himalayan plant species for food and medicine has been known for a long time. 1Department of Botany, Surajmal Agarwal Kanya Uttarakhand is one of these places which is suitable for wild edible fruiting plants Mahavidyalaya, India because of their difficult geography and climatic conditions and awesome taste 2Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research of fruits which are attracted by their people as a rich source of their nutrition. Institute, India Wild edible plants are very important for the well being of rural populations 3Department of Botany, College of Agriculture Science and in the region, not only as sources of supplemental food, nutritionally balanced Technology, India 4 diets, medicines, fodder and fuel,viz. Rubusbut also ellipticus, for their Fragariaincome generating × ananassa, potential. Prunus Uttarakhand Biodiversity Board, India persica,Large numbers Myrica ofesculenta wild fruits along with their edible values also used in medicine and many other wild fruits *Corresponding author: etc. have high nutritive quality and used by the local Ishwar Prakash Sharma, maintenance.peoples for the different edible products. Such wild plants might be explore for Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research their nutritional and medicinal properties and need to conserve for biodiversity Institute, Haridwar-249 405, Uttarakhand, India, Tel: +91 Keywords: Received:7579095587; Email: | Published: Wild fruit; Medicine; Ethnobotany; Uttarakhand; Nutrition June 20, 2017 August 09, 2017 Introduction attracted by their people as a rich source of their nutrition [6]. Western Himalayan region is rich in diversity of wild edible Fruit is a ripened ovary of flower and may either fleshy or nut. plant species. Consumption of wild edible fruits meets the areFruits occurring are generally only in cultivated their natural as well environment. as wild, cultivated As population fruits protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamin and mineral requirement increasesare grown theby farmersareas of for plantation economical and benefits forest whileused forwild human fruits of poor rural populace in the region. Wild edible plants are very important for the well being of rural populations in the region, not only as sources of supplemental food, nutritionally balanced diets, welfare, number of plants decreases so wild plants lost their medicines, fodder and fuel, but also foro theiro income generating identity and decrease in their number. Wild fruiting plants are potentialo [7].o Uttarakhand is a part of the North-Western major in numbers in that place which are not affected by human Himalayas and is located between 28 43’-31 27’ N latitudes and interaction due to their difficult geography and climatic conditions 77 34’-81 02’ E longitudes. The river Tons separates the state which is not suitable for human survival [1]. Surveyed the from Himachal Pradesh in the north-west, whereas the river Kali ethnobotanical exploration, identification, concerns and future separates it from Nepal in the east. The greater Himalaya is the potentialities of the wild edible plants of Srinagar and Alaknanda northern boundary of the state and is also the international border valley of Garhwal Himalaya and recorded total 55 plant species with China. Most of the people of this state are dependent on their belonging to 35 families. The ethnobotanical survey of wild edible natural environment and is characterized by a rich diversity of fruits from Kolhapur district was carried out by [2]. [3] Examined ethno-botanic plant as well as rich heritage of wild edible plants the status and distribution pattern of medicinal plants in Wildlife system [8] recorded a total 102 species belonging to 48 families of Institute of Dehradun, Uttarakhand and recorded 605 plants ofethno-medicinal this information plants current from article four selected focused districts on the nutritionalof Uttarakhand and belonging to 94 families. The use of plant species of the Himalaya (Almora, Champawat, Bageshwar and Pithoragarh). On the basis as food and medicine has been known for a long time and about 1748 economically important plants have been reported from properties.medicinal values of wild fruits which are located in Uttarakhand, Indian Himalaya [4]. The unique diversity of such important which can be explore for their great nutritional and medicinal plants in the region is manifested by the presence of a number of Wild Fruits and their Ethnobotanical Uses native (31%), endemic (13.5%) and threatened (14%) of total red data book species of Indian Himalayan region [5]. Uttarakhand is one of these places which is suitable for All botanical information regarding these plants which are wild edible fruiting plants because of their difficult geography included in this review article is taken from The Plant List website. and climatic conditions and awesome taste of fruits which is Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Int J Complement Alt Med 2017, 8(3): 00260 Copyright: Wild Fruits of Uttarakhand (India): Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Uses ©2017 Sharma et al. 2/8 Hisalu Darim Rubus ellipticus Punica granatum Botanical name: Sm Botanical name: L. Local name: Yellow Himalayan raspberry, Hisalu, Ashilo Local name: Darim Family: Rosaceae Family: Lythraceae Ethnobotanical uses: It plays a major role to providing free Ethnobotanical uses: It having a good amount of minerals, energy packets for the people who are travelling mountains and phosphorous, calcium and magnesium. Pomegranate fruit juice is theyStrawberry can be finding them everywhere [9,10]. known as a delicacy and is made into excellent sherbet which has Fragaria × ananassa diuretic and cooling effect and having glucose, fructose, tannins, oxalic acid, and reduces thirst in cases of fevers, supplies the Botanical name: (Duchesne ex Weston) required minerals and helps the liver to preserve vit- A. The rind Duchesne ex Rozier of the fruit and the bark are used as a traditional remedy against diarrhea,Berbrise dysentery and intestinal parasites [20]. Local name: Strawberry Berberis asiatica Family: Rosaceae Botanical name: Roxb. ex DC. indicatorEthnobotanical due to the uses: different Used incolor prepared of the foods, conjugate flavored acid usedand in to dairy products, pigment extract used as a natural acid/base Local name: Chutro, Marpyashi, Daruharidra, Darbi. Family -Berberidaceae conjugate base of the pigment. This fruit is a great source of iron [11-13].Plum Ethnobotanical uses: In Ayurvedic medicinal system it is Prunus persica named as ‘Daruharidra” or Wood Turmeric due to similar properties as of turmeric [21] which is used in antimicrobial, Botanical name: (L.) Batsch wound healing, hepatoprotective and cytotoxicity etc. [22-24]. The plant yields fairly large quantity of alkaloids in which isoquinoline Local name: Plum type alkaloids like berberine, palmatine, jetrorrhizine, and Makoi Family: Rosaceae columbamine are the most studied phytoconstituents [25]. Solanum nigrum Ethnobotanical uses: Plums are used widely in the preparation of jellies, jams and desserts. People even use dry plums as dry Botanical name: L. fruit.Kafal Medicinally it is use in wound healing [14]. Local name: Black Nightshade Myrica esculenta Family: Solanaceae Botanical name: Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don Ehanobotanical uses- It has expectorant, analgesic, sedative, Local name: Kafal or Kaphal diaphoretic properties. Its external application cures skin Family: Myricaceae diseases and gives relief in burns, itching, pain etc. As per Ayurveda, this plant is hot is potency and balances tridosha. Ethnobotanical uses: Besides being useful in a wide range The juice of leaves is used as ear drop to get relief from pain in of ailments specified decoctions of fruits, the stone and also its ears. It also contains polyphenolic compounds such as gallic acid, bark are claimed to be beneficial in cardiac debility, edema and catechin, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, rutin, and haemoptysis. A wax covering on the fruit is extracted by scalding naringeninGhigharu [26-30]. the fruit with boiling water. Among the local inhabitants it is said Pyracantha crenulata toBedu be used as an application for ulcer healing [15-18]. Ficus palmata Botanical name: (Roxb. ex D.Don) M.Roem. Botanical name: Forssk. Local name: Ghigharu Local name: Khemri (Hindi); Pheru (Jaunsar); Bedu (Kumaun), Indian Fig (English); Bendu (Nepali); Anjir. Family: Rosaceae Family: Moraceae Local name: Chhota seb, Nepal firethorn Ethnobotanical uses: The Bedu fruit is very juicy and contain Ehanobotanical uses: Fruits can be made into a preservative. 45 percent of juice. The fruit is beneficial in the disease of lungs Medicinally it has cardio-tonic, coronary vasodilator and and the bladder. It is a source of minerals, phosphorus and a small hypertensive properties. It has been used for cardiac failure, amount of Vit. C [19]. myocardial weakness, paroxysmal tachycardia, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and Burgor’s disease. The anti-oxidants present Citation: Sharma IP, Kanta C, Semwal SC, Goswami N (2017) Wild Fruits of Uttarakhand (India): Ethnobotanical
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Agricultural and Horticultural Halls and Annexes
    www.e-rara.ch International exhibition. 1876 official catalogue Agricultural and horticultural halls and annexes United States Centennial Commission Philadelphia, 1876 ETH-Bibliothek Zürich Shelf Mark: Rar 20263: 3-4 Persistent Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.3931/e-rara-78195 Spain. www.e-rara.ch Die Plattform e-rara.ch macht die in Schweizer Bibliotheken vorhandenen Drucke online verfügbar. Das Spektrum reicht von Büchern über Karten bis zu illustrierten Materialien – von den Anfängen des Buchdrucks bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. e-rara.ch provides online access to rare books available in Swiss libraries. The holdings extend from books and maps to illustrated material – from the beginnings of printing to the 20th century. e-rara.ch met en ligne des reproductions numériques d’imprimés conservés dans les bibliothèques de Suisse. L’éventail va des livres aux documents iconographiques en passant par les cartes – des débuts de l’imprimerie jusqu’au 20e siècle. e-rara.ch mette a disposizione in rete le edizioni antiche conservate nelle biblioteche svizzere. La collezione comprende libri, carte geografiche e materiale illustrato che risalgono agli inizi della tipografia fino ad arrivare al XX secolo. Nutzungsbedingungen Dieses Digitalisat kann kostenfrei heruntergeladen werden. Die Lizenzierungsart und die Nutzungsbedingungen sind individuell zu jedem Dokument in den Titelinformationen angegeben. Für weitere Informationen siehe auch [Link] Terms of Use This digital copy can be downloaded free of charge. The type of licensing and the terms of use are indicated in the title information for each document individually. For further information please refer to the terms of use on [Link] Conditions d'utilisation Ce document numérique peut être téléchargé gratuitement.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Roadside Alien Plants in Hawai`I Volcanoes National Park and Adjacent Residential Areas 2001–2005
    Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANts IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 Linda W. Pratt1 Keali`i F. Bio2 James D. Jacobi1 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kilauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, P.O. Box 44, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CA03WRAG0036 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANTS IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 1 2 1 LINDA W. PRATT , KEALI`I F. BIO , AND JAMES D. JACOBI 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kīlauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai`i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai`i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This article has been peer reviewed and approved for publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices ( http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/ ). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Practices of Sacred Natural Sites: a Socio-Religious Approach for Successful Implementation of Primary
    Medicinal practices of sacred natural sites: a socio-religious approach for successful implementation of primary healthcare services Rajasri Ray and Avik Ray Review Correspondence Abstract Rajasri Ray*, Avik Ray Centre for studies in Ethnobiology, Biodiversity and Background: Sacred groves are model systems that Sustainability (CEiBa), Malda - 732103, West have the potential to contribute to rural healthcare Bengal, India owing to their medicinal floral diversity and strong social acceptance. *Corresponding Author: Rajasri Ray; [email protected] Methods: We examined this idea employing ethnomedicinal plants and their application Ethnobotany Research & Applications documented from sacred groves across India. A total 20:34 (2020) of 65 published documents were shortlisted for the Key words: AYUSH; Ethnomedicine; Medicinal plant; preparation of database and statistical analysis. Sacred grove; Spatial fidelity; Tropical diseases Standard ethnobotanical indices and mapping were used to capture the current trend. Background Results: A total of 1247 species from 152 families Human-nature interaction has been long entwined in has been documented for use against eighteen the history of humanity. Apart from deriving natural categories of diseases common in tropical and sub- resources, humans have a deep rooted tradition of tropical landscapes. Though the reported species venerating nature which is extensively observed are clustered around a few widely distributed across continents (Verschuuren 2010). The tradition families, 71% of them are uniquely represented from has attracted attention of researchers and policy- any single biogeographic region. The use of multiple makers for its impact on local ecological and socio- species in treating an ailment, high use value of the economic dynamics. Ethnomedicine that emanated popular plants, and cross-community similarity in from this tradition, deals health issues with nature- disease treatment reflects rich community wisdom to derived resources.
    [Show full text]
  • & Fruit Preserves
    B2909 University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension Wisconsin Safe Food Preservation Series Making Jams, Jellies & Fruit Preserves Barbara H. Ingham Contents Jellies and jams 1 Jams 16 Start with the right ingredients 2 Cooking methods for jam 17 Preserves, conserves Jam recipes 20 and marmalades 3 Jellies 24 Fruit butters and syrups 3 Preparing fruit 24 Getting started 3 Extracting juice 24 Fruit 3 Jelly without added pectin 25 Pectin and other gelling agents 5 Jelly with added pectin 27 Acid 6 Processing jelly 27 Sugar 6 Caution! Adjust processing Equipment and containers 9 for elevation 28 For preparing fruit 9 Cooking methods for jelly 28 For measuring 9 Jelly recipes 31 For cooking 9 Freezer or refrigerator jams For filling jars or and jellies 37 freezer containers 10 Cooking methods For processing 10 for freezer jam and jelly 37 Equipment you will need 10 Freezer or refrigerator jam & jelly recipes 39 Making and storing jams Low- and no-sugar jams and jellies 41 and jellies 11 Low- and no-sugar jam Preparing canning jars and lids 11 & jelly recipes 43 For fresh flavor 11 Preserves, conserves, marmalades, For softer or firmer products 11 fruit butters and syrups 51 Steps at a glance 12 Preserves recipes 52 Processing in a boiling Conserves recipes 54 water canner 12 Marmalade recipes 57 Caution! Adjust processing Fruit butter recipes 59 time for elevation 13 Fruit syrup recipe 61 Elevation map 13 Remedies for jellied Storing jams and jellies 14 product problems 62 Remaking cooked jellied products 14 Index 64 Recook with powdered pectin 15 Resources back cover Recook with liquid pectin 15 Recook without added pectin 15 University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension ipe, juicy berries, Jellies and jams fresh peaches, R Jellies are made by cooking fruit apples, pears and juice with sugar.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnoveterinary Plants of Uttaranchal — a Review
    Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 6(3), July 2007, pp. 444-458 Ethnoveterinary plants of Uttaranchal — A review PC Pande1*, Lalit Tiwari1 & HC Pande2 1Department of Botany, Kumaon University, SSJ Campus, Almora 263 601, Uttaranchal 2Botanical Survey of India (NC), Dehradun, Uttaranchal E-mail: [email protected] Received 21 December 2004; revised 7 February 2007 The study reveals that the people of the Uttaranchal state use 364 plants species in ethnoveterinary practices. Bhotiyas, Boxas, Tharus, Jaunsaris and Rhajis are the tribal groups inhabiting in Uttaranchal. Analysis of data indicates that information on 163 plants is significant as it provides some new information of the ethnoveterinary uses. The study is expected to provide basic data for further studies aimed at conservation of traditional medicine and economic welfare of rural people at the study area. Keywords: Ethnoveterinary practices, Medicinal plants, Uttaranchal, Review IPC Int. Cl.8: A61K36/00, A61P1/00, A61P1/02, A61P1/04, A61P1/10, A61P1/16, A61P17/00, A61P19/00, A61P25/00, A61P27/00, A61P39/02 Uttaranchal state lies between 28°42′ to 31°28′N; medicinal knowledge of the state. Keeping this in 77°35′ to 81°05′E and comprise of 13 districts of the view, an attempt has been made to explore and Central Himalayas. The major part of this region is compile the exhaustive knowledge of plants used in mountainous. The region covers about 38,000 sq km veterinary practices. In all, 364 plant species were and comprises of 3 border districts, namely recorded from the Uttaranchal, which are used by the Pithoragarh, Chamoli and Uttarkashi; 7 inner districts: people for various veterinary diseases and disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • The Newsletter of the North American Maple Syrup Council
    Vol. 53, No. 1 February 2015 The Newsletter of the North American Maple Syrup Council February 2015 1 Greetings I hope this is the trend throughout the maple belt. I think this is at least from your partly due to the trend of consuming natural products, along with people’s President interest in producing their own food. It is now physically easier to make s a new year dawns we be- maple syrup than it used to be. The come aware of another sugar- widespread use of tubing, vacuum FOR HIGHER QUALITY STORAGE TANKS ing season drawing near. It • A complete range of stainless steel storage tanks. A systems, reverse osmosis machines, is my hope that a successful season • Made in house, using only first grade material. more effi cient evaporators, and other lies ahead for all sugarmakers. But, • Structural metal chosen according to tank size to satisfy the most demanding sugarmakers. technology appeals to these new pro- of course, we are at the mercy of the • Side reinforcement bars made to strengthen the sides when tank is full to the top (4 feet & bigger). ducers. It also appeals to us old timers weather and it can be very unpredict- * No spacer needed to connect to drain fitting (6’’clearance). as well. If I had to go back to buckets, • Extra structure to minimize support points. able. I am often asked to predict the fi ring with wood and no R/O I would • Customizable name on the front plate. type of season we might have and my not be able to tap as many trees.
    [Show full text]
  • Recipes for the Preserving of Fruit, Vegetables, and Meat
    PRESERVING OF FRUIT, VEGETABLES AND MEAT E. WAGNER RECIPES FOR THE PRESERVING OF FRUIT, VEGETABLES, AND MEAT RECIPES FOR THE PRESERVING OF FRUIT VEGETABLES, AND MEAT E. WAG-NEE TECHNICAL MANAGER OF THE PRESERVING AND MARMALADE DEPARTMENTS OF THE TRACHENBERG SUGAR BOILING WORKS TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN BY CHAS. SALTER WITH FOURTEEN ILLUSTRATIONS LONDON SCOTT, GREENWOOD & SON 8 BROADWAY, LUDGATE HILL, E.G. CANADA : THE COPP CLARK CO. LTD., TORONTO UNITED STATES : D. VAN NOSTRAND CO., NEW YORK 1908 [The sole right of Translation into English rests with Scott, Greenwood <k Son] \ 3 ." PREFACE IT has been long the desire of the author to bring out a larger useful work on the preserving industry in its present state, but the continued introduction of improvements in the last few years prevented an exhaustive report being drawn up. At present, however, we may be said to have reached a certain degree of stability, at least so far as the important matter of stoppers and closing devices is concerned. The author has therefore, on the basis of his practical experience of over thirty years' duration, endeavoured in the present work to provide instruction for both the beginner and the expert. The points dealt with comprise the recipes and instructions for preserving, and the necessary utensils and machinery, the work being divided into three parts : the first dealing with the preserving of fruit, the second with that of vegetables, and the third with preserved meat. V 380653 vi PREFACE In all recipes the weights have been given in order to minimise the chance of error, and also to enable beginners to work according to instruc- tions.
    [Show full text]
  • Riparian Flora of Thamiraparani River in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India J
    International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME) Impact Factor: 6.225, ISSN (Online): 2455 – 5630 (www.rdmodernresearch.com) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2017 RIPARIAN FLORA OF THAMIRAPARANI RIVER IN KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA J. S. Angel Felix*, Z. Miller Paul*, S. Jeeva** & S. Sukumaran* * Department of Botany and Research Centre, Nesamony Memorial Christian College, Marthandam, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India. ** Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Research Centre in Botany, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu Cite This Article: J. S. Angel Felix, Z. Miller Paul, S. Jeeva & S. Sukumaran, “Riparian Flora of Thamiraparani River in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India”, International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education, Volume 2, Issue 1, Page Number 72-90, 2017. Copy Right: © IJSRME, 2017 (All Rights Reserved). This is an Open Access Article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract: Riparian flora is an expressed survey to analyze marginal vegetation of river zones. The present study was conducted in Thamiraparani river of Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. Result of the current study showed a total of, 720 species of angiosperms belonging to 449 genera under 126 families of these 76.5% were dicots and 23.5% of monocots were recorded.Habitually 30.4% herbs , 26.7% trees, 15.7% shrubs, 6.9% climbing shrubs, 5.2% perennial herbs, 3.3% annual herbs, 2 % twining herbs, 1.7% twining shrubs, 1.6% aquatic herbs, 1.3% climbing herbs, 0.6% rhizomatous herbs, 0.7% marshy herbs, 0.7% tunerous herbs, 0.6% lianas, 0.4% tuberous climbing herbs, 0.4% stragglinbg shrubs, 0.3% climbers, 0.3% climbing palms, 0.3% prostrate herbs, climbing shrub, creeping herb, epiphytic herb, parasitic shrub and parasitic twining herb were 0.1% .
    [Show full text]
  • Beverage Recipes Using California Native Plants
    Beverage Recipes Using California Native Plants Picking and Preparing Leaves, Flowers and Fruits Be certain that you use only plants/plant parts known to be edible. Also, gather from clean plants which have not been sprayed with pesticides or herbicides. Gather healthy leaves (usually younger leaves best). The leaves of some plants are best just prior to flowering. Wash carefully with water & discard old, unhealthy leaves. Gather fully open (mature) flowers at mid-day (when flavors are likely to be best. Wash carefully with water and remove unhealthy flowers, insects, etc. Pick ripe, unblemished fruits & berries. Wash thoroughly in water, discarding any old, damaged fruits. Gently blot dry. Slice larger fruits (strawberries; large rosehips) into thin slices; smaller fruits and berries can be dried whole. Remove stones/seeds from stone fruits. Basic Recipe: Hot Tea from Fresh Leaves or Flowers Chop prepared leaves and place 2 Tbsp in tea infuser or tea bag. Or place whole leaves in the teacup. Pour boiling hot water over tea and let it brew for 2-5 minutes. Sweeten with sugar or honey if desired. Enjoy! Basic Recipe: Drying Leaves for Tea Gather leaves and wash as for fresh leaves. Blot dry. Dry leaves on warm setting (105-110º F) in a food dehydrator (usually takes 1-3 hours, depending on water content of leaves). Or, spread leaves on a baking sheet and dry in a warm (120º F or ‘warm’ setting) oven (usually takes 1-2 hours). Or, dry on baking sheet or screen, covered with net or cheesecloth, in a warm dry place (takes several days).
    [Show full text]
  • Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem
    Check List 9(2): 186–207, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir PECIES S OF Mandar Nilkanth Datar 1* and P. Lakshminarasimhan 2 ISTS L (Molem) National Park, Goa, India *1 CorrespondingAgharkar Research author Institute, E-mail: G. [email protected] G. Agarkar Road, Pune - 411 004. Maharashtra, India. 2 Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P. O. Botanic Garden, Howrah - 711 103. West Bengal, India. Abstract: Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem) National Park, the only National park in Goa, was evaluated for it’s diversity of Angiosperms. A total number of 721 wild species belonging to 119 families were documented from this protected area of which 126 are endemics. A checklist of these species is provided here. Introduction in the National Park are Laterite and Deccan trap Basalt Protected areas are most important in many ways for (Naik, 1995). Soil in most places of the National Park area conservation of biodiversity. Worldwide there are 102,102 is laterite of high and low level type formed by natural Protected Areas covering 18.8 million km2 metamorphosis and degradation of undulation rocks. network of 660 Protected Areas including 99 National Minerals like bauxite, iron and manganese are obtained Parks, 514 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 43 Conservation. India Reserves has a from these soils. The general climate of the area is tropical and 4 Community Reserves covering a total of 158,373 km2 with high percentage of humidity throughout the year.
    [Show full text]
  • PHARMACOGNOSTIC and ANTI INFLAMMATORY STUDIES of the STEM BARK of FICUS GLUMOSA DEL. (MORACEAE) by Nafisah Nana YAHUZA DEPARTM
    PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY STUDIES OF THE STEM BARK OF FICUS GLUMOSA DEL. (MORACEAE) BY Nafisah Nana YAHUZA DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA APRIL, 2017 i PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY STUDIES OF THE STEM BARK OF FICUS GLUMOSA DEL. (MORACEAE) BY Nafisah Nana YAHUZA (B. Pharm, 2010, ABU) P13PHPD8021 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN PHARMACOGNOSY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA APRIL, 2017 ii DECLARATION I declare that the work in this dissertation entitled “Pharmacognostic and Anti inflammatory Studies of the Stem bark of Ficus glumosa Del. (Moraceae)” has been carried out by me in the Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The information derived from the literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and list of references. Nafisah Nana YAHUZA Name Signature Date iii CERTIFICATION This dissertation entitled “PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY STUDIES OF THE STEM BARK OF FICUS GLUMOSA DEL. (MORACEAE)” by Nafisah Nana YAHUZA, meets the regulations governing the award of the degree of Master of Science in Pharmacognosy of the Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. ……………………………………… ………………………….. Dr. U. A. Katsayal (B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D) Date Chairman, Supervisory Committee, Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. …..………………………...................... ………………………….. Dr. A. A. Ambi (B. Pharm; M.Sc., Ph.D) Date Member, Supervisory Committee, Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Diversity and Ethnobotanical Uses of Family Moraceae in District Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India)
    Asian J. Adv. Basic Sci.: 2017, 5(2), 122-126 ISSN (Print): 2454 – 7492 ISSN (Online): 2347 – 4114 www.ajabs.org Species Diversity and Ethnobotanical Uses of Family Moraceae in District Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India) Sanjeev Kumar Department of Botany, Vallabh Govt. College Mandi, Distt. Mandi (H.P.), INDIA * Correspondance: E-mail: [email protected] (Received 09 Dec, 2017; Accepted 16 Dec, 2017; Published 23 Dec, 2017) ABSTRACT: Ethnobotany is the study of past and present interrelationships between human cultures and the plants. An ethnobotanical survey of rural areas of Bilaspur district was carried out to enumerate the species di- versity and traditional uses of family Moraceae. The district Bilaspur lies between 31° 12' 30" and 31° 35' 45" North latitudes and between 76° 23' 45" and 76° 55' 40" East longitudes in the Shivalik hills of the Himalayas next to Punjab plains in the basin of river satluj. In present study 22 species belonging to 4 genera of the family, Moraceae have been recorded in district Bilaspur. Genus Ficus has represented by 15 species, Morus by 4, Artocarpus by 2 and Broussonetia by one species. As per ethnobotanical uses 15 species edible, 12 fodder, 8 timber, 8 medicinal, 5 ornamental/avenue and 3 sacred plants have been documented. Each plant species has been pro- vided with information on botanical names, common names, habit, availability status, parts used and ethnobotanical uses. Ficus religiosa and F. benghalensis are considered as sacred plants and no one can cut them for their individual interest. This study also indicates that the district Bilaspur has rich floral diversity and inhab- itants still rely on plants for their livelihood.
    [Show full text]