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Status Report on Speech Research, January-June 1989. INST.TUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn

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Status Report on Speech Research, January-June 1989. INST.TUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn DOCUMENT RESUME ED 321 317 CS 507 208 AUTHOR Studdert-Kennedy, Micha 1, Ed. TITLE Status Report on Speech Research, January-June 1989. INST.TUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. of Child Health and Human Development (NIH), Bethesda, Md.; National Inst. of Health (DHHS), Bethesda, MD. Biomedical Research Support Grant Program.; National Inst. of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NIH), Bethesda, Md.; National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. REPORT NO SR-97/98 PUB DATE 89 CONTRACT NO1-HD-5-2910 GRANT BNS-8520709; HD-01994; N507237; N513617; N513870; NS18010; NS24C55; NS25455; RR-05596 NOTE 265p.; For the July-December 1989 status report, see CS 507 209. PUB TYPE Collected Works - General (020) -- Reports - Research /Technical (143) ELRS PRICE MF01/PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Auditocy Perception; Communication Research; Dyslexia; *Language Processing; Language Research; Music Theory; *Phonetics; Reading Comprehension; Reading Difficulties; *Speech; *Speech Communication IDENTIFIERS *Speech Perception; Speech Research; Vocalization ABSTRACT One of a series of semiannual reports, this publication contains 14 articles which report the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical applications. The titles of the articl.i and their authors are as follows: "Gestural Structure and Phonological Patterns" (Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldstein); "The Cricothyroid Muscle in Voicing Control" (Anders Lofqvist and others); "Growth of Surface Waves with Application to the Mucosal Wave of the Vocal Folds" (R. S. McGowan); "Effects of Preceding Context on Discrimination of Voice Onset Times" (Bruno H. Repp and Hwei-Bing Lin); "Can Speech Perception be Influenced by Simultaneous Presentation of Print?" (Ram Frost and others); "Detectability of Words and Nonwords in Two Kinds of Noise" (Bruno H. Repp and Ram Frost); "Discovering Phonetic Coherence in Acoustic Patterns" (Catherine T. Best and others); "Reception of Language in Broca's Aphasia" (Donald Shankweiler and others); "Syntactic Comprehension in Young Poor Readers" (Suzanne T. Smith and others); "Phonological Deficiencies: Effective Predictors of Future Reading Problems" (Virginia A. Mann and Patricia Ditunno); "Consideration of the Principles of tie International Phonetic Alphabet" (Arthur S. Abramson); "Language Specificity in Lexical Organization: Evidence from Deaf Signers' Lexical Organization of ASL and English" (Vicki L. Hanson and Laurie B. Feldman); "Anomalous Bimanual Coordination among Dyslexic Boys" (Marshall Gladstone and others); "Expressive M.crostructure in Music: A Preliminary Perceptual Assessment of Four Composers' Pulses'" (Bruno H. Repp). An app,Adix lists DTIC and ERIC numbers for publications in this series si.Lce 1970.(SR) Haskins Laboratories Status Reporton Speech Research "PERMISSION "I 0 REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Researchand Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has beenreproduced aa received from the pisrSOn or organizahon originating I Minor change' have been madeto improve reproduction outlay TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Pants of view or opinions statedin this docu- ment do not netessanly representofficial OERi position or polity SR-97/98 JANUARY-JUNE 1989 Status Reporton Speech Research SR -97/98 January -Jury 1989 Haskins Laboratories New Haven, Connecticut06511 Distribution Statement Editor Michael Studdert-Kennedy Status Report Publisher Yvonne Manning Technical Illustrator Zefang Wang This publication reports the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation,and practical applications. Distribution of this document is unlimited. The information in this document is available to the general public. Haskins Laboratories distributes it primarily for library use. Copies are available from the National Technic& Information Service or the ERIC Document Reproduction Service. See the Appendix for order numbers of previous Status Reports. Correspondence concerning this report should be addressed to the Editor at the address below: Haskins Laboratories 270 Crown Street New Haven, Connecticut 06511-6695 SR -97/98 January - June,1989 ii Acknowledgment The research reported here was made possible inpart by support from the followingsources: National Institute of Child Health andHuman Development: Grant HD-01994 Contract NO1-HD-5-2910 National Institutes of Health: Biomedical Research Support Grant RR-05596 National Science Foundation Grant BNS-8520709 National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disordersand Stroke Grant NS 13870 Grant NS 13617 Grant NS 18010 Grant NS 24655 Grant NS 07237 Grant NS 25455 iii SR -97/98 January- June,1989 Investigators Arthur Abramson* Anne Fowler Jochen Machetanzl Peter J. Alfonso* Carol A. Fowler' Virginia H. Mann* Thomas Baer Louis Goldstein* Ignatius G. Mattingly* Eric Bateson* Carol Gracce Nancy S. McGarr* Fredericka hell -Berti* Vincent Gracco Richard S. McGowan Catherine T. Best* Vicki L Hanson* Patrick W. Nye Susan Brady* Katherine S. Harris* Lawrence J. Raphael* Catherine P. Browman Leonard Katz* Bruno H. Repp Franklin S. Cooper* Rena Arens Krakow* Philip E. Rubin Stephen Crain' Andrea G. Levitt* Elliot Saltzman Robert Crowder* Alvin M. Liberman* Donald Shankweiler* Lois Dreyer* Isabelle Y. Liberman* Michael Studdert-Kennedy* Alice Fabert Diane Li llo-Martin* Koichi Tsunoda2 Laurie B. Feldman* Leigh Lisker* Michael T. Turvey* Janet Fodor' Anders Ligqvist* Douglas Whalen Technical/Administrative Staff Philip Chagnon Raymond C. Huey* William P. Scully Alice Dadourian Marion MacEachron* Richard S. Sharkany Michael D'Angelo Yvonne Manning Edward R. Wiley Betty J. DeLise Joan Martinez Zefang Wang Vincent Gulisano Lisa Mazur Donald Halley Vance Maverick Students* Jennifer Aydelott Herbert Leass Christine Romano Dragana Barac Simon Levy Arlyne Russo Paola Bellabarba Katrina Lukatela Richard C. Schmidt Melanie Campbell Diana Matson Jeffrey Shaw Sandra Chiang Gerald W. McRoberts Caroline Smith Andre Cooper Pamela Mermelstein Jennifer Snyder Margaret Hall Dunn Salvatore Miranda Robin Seider Story Terri Erwin Maria Mody Rosalind Thornton Elizabeth Goodell Weijia Ni Mark Tiede Joseph ICalinowski Mira Peter Qi Wang Deborah Kuglitsch Nian-qi Ren Yi Xu *Part-time tNRSA Training Fellow 'Visiting from Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, Germany 2Visiting from University of Tokyo, Japan SR -97/98 January - June, 1989 iv Contents Gestural Structures and Phonological Patterns Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldstein 1 The Cricothyroid Muscle in Voicing Control Anders Lafqvist, Thomas Baer, Nancy S. McGarr, and Robin Seider Story 25 Growth of Surface Waves with Application to the Mucosal Wave of the Vocal Folds R. S. McGowan 41 Effects of Preceding Context on Discrimination of VoiceOnset Times Bruno H. Repp and Hwei-Bing Lin 51 Can Speech Perception be Influenced by Simultaneous Presentationof Print? Ram Frost, Bruno H. Repp, and Leonard Katz 69 Detectability of Words and Nonwords in Two Kind'. ofNoise Bruno H. Repp and Ram Frost 87 Discovering Phonetic Coherence in Acoustic Patterns Catherine T. Best, Michael Studdert-Kennedy, Sharon Manuel, and Judith Rubin-Spitz 95 Reception of Language in Broca's Aphasia Donald Shankweiler, Stephen Crain, Paul Correll, andBetty Tul ler 121 Syntactic t., -mprehension in Young Poor Readers Suzanne T. Smith, Paul Macaruso, Donald Shankweiler,and Stephen Crain 147 Phonological Deficiencies: Effective Predictorsof Future Reading Problems Virginia A. Mann and Patricia Ditunno 171 Consideration of the Principles of the InternationalPhonetic Alphabet Arthur S. Abramson 191 Language Specificity in Lexical Organization:Evidence from Deaf Signers' Lexical Organization of ASL and English Vicki L. Hanson and Laurie B. Feldman 195 Anomalous Bimanual Coordination AmongDyslexic Boys Marshall Gladstone, Catherine T. Best, and Richard J.Davidson 213 Expressive Microstructure in Music: A PreliminaryPerceptual Assessment of Four Composers' Pulses" Bruno H. Repp 235 Appendix 261 v SR-97/98 January lune,1989 7 Status Reporton Speech Research SR-97/98 January - June,1989 G Gestural Structures and Phonological Patterns* Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldsteint INTRODUCTION In this paper, we present a particular view of phonology,one in which lexical items are construed as characterizing the activity of the vocal tnct (and its articulators)as a sound-producing system. Central to this characterization is theconcept of dynamically defined articulatory gestures. Such gesturesare, we argue. useful primitives for characterizing phonological patterns as well as for analyzing theactivity of the vocal tract articulators. Gestural structures can function as lexicalrepresentations because distinctiveness is captured by these structures and phonologicalplocesses can be seen as operating on them. In addition, the gestural approach has two benefits:it serves to analyze phonological patterns according to theirsource (articulatory, acoustic, perceptual, etc.), and it captures the underlying unityamong apparently disparate patterns, not only within phonology but also among phonology,perception, and production. These benefits lead to a simpler,more general account of a number of phenomena. A gestural lexicon is part of the computational model ofspeech production that we are currently developing with Elliot Saltzman, Philip Rubin andothers
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