Pedagoģija Un Skolotāju Izglītība Pedagogy and Teachers' Education

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Pedagoģija Un Skolotāju Izglītība Pedagogy and Teachers' Education LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 741. SĒJUMS Pedagoģija un skolotāju izglītība SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 741 Pedagogy and Teachers’ Education SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 741 Pedagogy and Teachers’ Education UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 741. SĒJUMS Pedagoģija un skolotāju izglītība Latvijas Universitāte UDK 37(082) Pe 100 Galvenā redaktore – prof. Dr. habil. paed. Irēna Žogla Galvenās redaktores vietniece – prof. Dr. habil. Ilze Kangro Redkolēģija Prof. Dr. habil. paed. Irēna Žogla – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Prof. Dr. philol. Ilze Kangro – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Prof. Dr. habil. paed. Tatjana Koķe – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Prof. Dr. habil. paed. Irina Maslo – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Prof. Dr. paed. Dainuvīte Blūma – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Asoc. prof. Dr. paed. Aivars Lasmanis – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Asoc. prof. Dr. paed. Baiba Kaļķe – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Asoc. prof. Dr. philos. Vladimirs Kincāns – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Prof. Dr. chem. Andrejs Rauhvargers – LU Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Dr. paed. Larisa Jogi – Tallinas Izglītības zinātņu universitāte, Igaunija Dr. paed. Riva Levenčuka – Kei Pedagoģiskā koledža, Izraēla Prof. Dr. habil. philol. Klauss Hammers (Klaus Hammer) – Tehniskā universitāte, Drēzdene, Vācija Prof. Dr. habil. philol. Eleonora Lasana (Eleonora Lassan) – Viļņas Universitāte, Lietuva Latviešu teksta literārās redaktores Ingrīda Sjomkāne, Mairita Purviņa Krievu un vācu teksta literārā redaktore Raisa Pavlova Angļu teksta literārā redaktore Māra Antenišķe Maketu veidojis Arnis Čakstiņš Visi krājumā ievietotie raksti ir recenzēti. Pārpublicēšanas gadījumā nepieciešama Latvijas Universitātes atļauja. Citējot atsauce uz izdevumu obligāta. © Latvijas Universitāte, 2008 ISSN 1407-2157 ISBN 978-9984-45-070-4 Saturs/Contents Vladimirs Kincāns. Atkārtošanas princips mākslā un uztverē The Principle of Repetition in Art and Perception ................................................................... 7 Mihails Čehlovs. Izglītības humanitārā modeļa teorētiskais pamats Theoretical Bases of the Humanitarian Model of Education ................................................... 15 A. Fernāte, D. Kalniņa, L. Daniela, I. Žogla, I. Maslo. Jaunās paaudzes mācīšanās kvalitāte pamatskolā: kas veicina un kas kavē pusaudžu mācīšanos The Learning Quality of the New Generation: What Fosters and What Are the Obstacles to Learning at Basic Schools? .................................................... 25 Viktorija Kuzina. Svešvārdu lietojums sākumskolas mācību grāmatās un bērnu valodā Usage of Foreign Words in Primary School Textbooks and Children’s Language ................. 35 Tatjana Kurilova. John Dewey on Teacher Education Džons Djūijs par skolotāju izglītību .......................................................................................... 43 Baiba Kaļķe. Skolotāja tēls mūsdienu vidusskolēnu priekšstatos Teacher’s Image in the Assumptions of Today’s Secondary School Students ......................... 55 Ruta Ināra Kaņepēja, Līga Āboltiņa. Bērnu darbība adaptācijas periodā sākumskolā Children’s Activities during the Adaptation Period at Primary School ................................... 61 Ligita Stramkale. Mūzika vispārizglītojošā skolā: vēsturiskais un mūsdienu aspekts Music at Comprehensive School: the Historical and Present Day Aspects ............................. 81 Herbert Zoglowek, Tamara Shkolnikova. The Possibilities of Visual Material (Worksheets) for Motor and Cognitive Learning in Physical Education Vizuālo materiālu (darba lapu) iespējas motoro un kognitīvo prasmju attīstīšanā fiziskajā audzināšanā ............................................................................................... 89 Зита Науцкунайте. Обучение аргументированию и его дидактические перспективы Argumentēšanas prasmju mācīšana un to didaktiskās perspektīvas Argumentative Non-Fiction Essay and Didactic Opportunities for Teaching of Argumentation ....................................................................................................................... 103 Vilija Janušauskienė. Possibilities of Flexible Didactics in the Process of Literary Education Didaktiskās fleksibilitātes iespējas literatūras mācību procesā................................................ 112 Ниёле Толейките. Дидактические аспекты восприятия комических текстов в школе Komisko tekstu uztveres didaktiskie aspekti skolā The Didactic Aspects of Perceiving Comic Texts .................................................................... 124 Ilze Stikāne. Bērnu literatūra un pieaugušais lasītājs Children’s Literature and the Adult Reader .............................................................................. 133 Regīna Kvašīte. Latviešu tautasdziesmas lietuviski: valodnieciskais aspekts Latvian Folk Song Translations in the Linguistic Aspect ........................................................ 144 Jeļena Kipure. Zur Begriffsbestimmung der Sprachkompetenz der Deutschstudierenden Studentu vācu valodas kompetences būtība On the Definition of Students` Competence in the German Language ................................... 156 I. Kangro, V. Li, V. Sokolova. Freies Sprechen als Ziel und Mittel des kommunikativen Fremdsprachenunterrichts Brīva runa – komunikatīvo svešvalodu mācību mērķis un līdzeklis Free Speech – the Aim and the Tool of the Communicative Foreign Language Studies ....... 169 Hana Bergerová. Überlegungen zum Einsatz von Horoskopen bei der Vermittlung von Phraseologismen im DaF-Unterricht bei jugendlichen Lernern Pārdomas par horoskopu izmantošanu frazeoloģismu apguvē vācu valodā kā svešvalodā jauniešiem Reflections on the Use of Horoscopes for Presentation of Phraseology in Teaching German as a Foreign Language to Adolescent Learners ..................................... 182 Karīne Laganovska. Die neuromantischen Züge in Märchen von Hermann Hesse Neoromantisma motīvi Hermaņa Heses pasakās Motifs of Neo-Romanticism in the Fairy-Tales by Hermann Hesse ........................................ 189 Lidija Belozerova. Franču enciklopēdistu ironiskais stils: metafora un vērtību orientācija Ironie als wesentlicher stilzug der polemik bei französischen enzyklopädisten ..................... 196 Nataļja Jundina. Sprachspiele in der Werbung Valodas spēles reklāmā Language Games in Advertising ............................................................................................... 201 Inta Vingre. Metapherntheorien des 20. Jahrhunderts 20. gadsimta metaforas teorijas The Theories of Metaphor in the 20th Century ........................................................................ 211 Эмма Архангельска. Событие – случайность или закономерность? Notikums – nejaušība vai likumsakarība? Event – Fortuitousness or Regularity? ...................................................................................... 218 Svetlana Polkovņikova. Bezekvivalenta runas verbu atveide tulkojumā Rendition of Non-Equivalent Verbs of Speech in Translation ................................................. 224 Irita Saukāne. Preses tekstos lietotie personu okazionālie nosaukumi derivatīvi semantiskā aspektā Occasional Personal Names Used in Press in the Derivational-Semantic Aspect .................. 233 Latvijas UNIVERSITāTES RAKSTI. 2008, 741. sēj. PEDAGOģIJA UN SKOLOTāJU IZGLīTīBA 7.–14. lpp. Atkārtošanas princips mākslā un uztverē The Principle of Repetition in Art and Perception Vladimirs Kincāns Latvijas Universitāte Pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas fakultāte Jūrmalas gatve 74/76, Rīga, LV-1083 E-pasts: [email protected] Raksts veltīts atkārtošanas principam, kas uzskatāms par savdabīgu atbalstu gan kultūras notikuma radīšanas procesā, gan tā apguves laikā. Tas nav subjektīvu konstrukciju vai konvencionālu vienošanos rezultāts, bet gan zināmas stabilitātes garantija pasaules pārmaiņu procesā. Cilvēka uztverei ir nepieciešams atbalsta punkts, lai orientētos arvien mainīgo un straujo notikumu plūsmā. Par vienu no tādiem noteikti var izmantot atkārtojumu. Atslēgvārdi: atkārtošana, diskurss, sapratne, uztvere, cikliskas shēmas, jauns, zināms. Saskaroties ar kādu notikumu, faktu vai parādību, tūlīt ievērojam, ka kāds no tiem ir jau pazīstams un atrodas mūsu pieredzes struktūrā. Lai apgūtu pirmajā mirklī šķietami nesakarīgu faktu sablīvējumu, mēs salīdzinām tur jau pazīstamos ar pilnīgi svešiem. Parasti lielākās grūtības sagādā nezināmu faktu vai parādību izpratne, turpretim mums jau zināmos viegli atpazīstam un iekļaujam savu priekšstatu sistēmā. Respektējot faktu, ka zinātnes attīstība notiek, virzoties no zināmā pie nezināmā, jaunā, īsti vietā būtu atcerēties teikuma aktuālās dalīšanas teorijas pamatnostādnes. Saskaņā ar V. Mateziusa (Vilém Mathesius) izvirzīto un Prāgas lingvistikas apvienības pārstāvju izstrādāto teoriju katrs teikums sastāv no divām daļām. Pirmā teikuma daļa (temats) ir jau nedaudz pazīstama – vai nu no konteksta, vai komunikācijas situācijas, vai iepriekšējā teksta. Otrā teikuma daļa (rēma) parasti ir kaut kas jauns, nezināms, ko tāpēc arī mēdz īpaši uzsvērt. Informāciju pasniedz pakāpeniski, ar zināmā atkārtošanu un jaunā pievienošanu. Šai parādībai dots nosaukums “tēmas un rēmas ķēdīte” (angļu valodas versijā — “topic” un “comment”). Paziņojamais teksts (rēma) parasti atbilst tai informācijai, kas iepriekšējā diskursā vēl nav pieminēta. Bet temats parasti aptver tikko pieminēto informāciju. Diskursu teorijā šos struktūrelementus
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