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Solanum Mauritianum Click on Images to Enlarge Species information Abo ut Reso urces Hom e A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Solanum mauritianum Click on images to enlarge Family Solanaceae Scientific Name Solanum mauritianum Scop. Scopoli, J.A. (1788) Deliciae Florae et Faunae Insubricae 3 3: 16. Type: Cult. seed from Mauritius; holo: G. [Fide K. E. Roe, Brittonia 24: 254 (1972).]. Habit, leaves and flowers. Copyright CSIRO Common name Nightshade; Wild Tobacco; Wild Tobacco Tree; Wild Tobacco Bush; Tobacco, Wild Weed * Stem Seldom exceeding 30 cm dbh. Leaves Fruit, two views and cross section. Copyright W. T. Cooper Leaf blades about 12.5-33 x 4.5-11 cm. Twigs, petioles and both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf blade, hairy, the hairs stellate when viewed with a lens but appearing woolly to the naked eye. Flowers Inflorescences many flowered, pedicels about 2-3 mm long. Calyx about 5 mm long, lobes about 2 mm long, stellate hairy on the outer surface. Corolla about 15-25 mm diam., tube about 2-3 mm long, lobes about 7-8 mm long. Anthers about 2-3 mm long, filaments about 1-2 mm long. Ovary densely pubescent, style about 5- 7 mm long. Fruit 10th leaf stage. Copyright CSIRO Calyx stellate hairy, persistent on the fruits. Fruits globular, about 10-15 mm diam. Seeds about 150-250 per fruit, seeds somewhat flattened, about 1.5-2 mm wide. Testa finely reticulate. Seedlings Cotyledons ovate, about 6-10 mm long with a few scale-like hairs on the upper surface. First pair of leaves broadly elliptic, about 15-25 x 11-18 mm. Petiole about 8-20 mm long. At the tenth leaf stage: leaf blade broadly ovate, apex acute to acuminate, base attenuate, upper surface clothed in pale, stellate hairs, undersurface densely so; petiole, stem and terminal bud densely clothed in pale, stellate hairs. Seed germination time 14 to 18 days. Distribution and Ecology Cotyledon stage, epigeal germination. Copyright CSIRO An introduced species originally from South America now naturalised in NEQ, CEQ and southwards as far as Victoria. Altitudinal range in NEQ from near sea level to 1100 m. Grows on farmland, in rain forest regrowth and the margins of rain forest on a variety of sites. Natural History & Notes Suspected of being poisonous to stock but the evidence is not conclusive. Everist (1974). The ripe fruit of this species is much appreciated by the Brown Pigeon (Cuckoo Dove) and they can be found in these plants each afternoon by people interested in such aggregations. These birds are widely believed to spread this alien species but there are probably other vectors as well. This is now a characteristic regrowth species in disturbed rain forest areas of North Queensland. Scale bar 10mm. Copyright CSIRO The 'dust' produced by the leaves can be rather irritating to people required to work in close proximity and disturb this species by cutting or otherwise disturbing it. Fruit eaten by King Parrots and Pigeons. Cooper & Cooper (1994). This species is a rich source of solasodine which is a possible starting point for the manufacture of steroids. It may have medicinal properties. Shrub (woody or herbaceous, 1-6 m tall) X Tree X Synonyms Solanum auriculatum Aiton, Hortus Kewensis 1: 246(1789), Type: Nat. of the Islands of Madagascar, Mauritius, and Bourbon. LHeritier Herb.; holo: G-DC. RFK Code 429 CC-BY Australian Tropical Herbarium unless otherwise indicated in the images..
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  • Solanum Mauritianum
    Solanum mauritianum . Flowers violet to purple, star-shaped, in Common name: flat-top clusters at the end of branches, in Wild tobacco tree. Tobacco bush, spring, they also smell if crushed. Fruits are berries, rounded, dull green to pale Palatability to Livestock: yellow when mature. Moderate at all stages. A colonizer of disturbed sites, it will reach maturity in one growing year; also stimulated by fire. Toxicity to Goats: . All parts may cause dermatitis to humans. Low risk. Found in high rainfall areas in coastal NSW and Queensland. Toxicity to Other Species: . Sometimes eaten freely by livestock without Potentially toxic to sheep and cattle, pigs. being poisoned. Native to Argentina. Poisonous Principle: . Found in NSW, Queensland, SA, Tasmania, Steroidal alkaloid glycocides. and Victoria, in wet areas, rainforests, pastures and roadsides. Effects: Signs and symptoms; . Profuse diarrhoea. Nervous depression. Health and Production Problems; . Significant weight loss. Death, probably from heart failure, after a week. Treatment; . See Vet. Integrated Control Strategy: . Try goats, . Grub out, . Use herbicides, . Foliar spray for small plants, cut stump for Picture: Solanum mauritianum Helen Simmonds. Calga NSW. larger trees. Reference: Comments: . Blood. Environmental Weeds, Field Guide to SE . A small soft wooded tree, growing up to four Australia CRC Weed Management Systems. 2003. metres high, found in gardens and the bush. Everist. Poisonous Plantsof Australia. 1981. Reproducing by shooting from the base, or . Harden. Flora of NSW. 1992. by seed. Huggins and Lucy. Weeds of Southern Qld. 1997. McBarron. Poisonous Plants, Handbook. 1983. Stems and under leaves are grey-green with . Shepherd. Pretty but Poisonous, 2004. a thick coating of hairs giving a texture of felt.
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