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On the Next Few Pages Are Some Exam Questions About Buckland Abbey

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On the Next Few Pages Are Some Exam Questions About Buckland Abbey History Around Us (Buckland) exam questions Task: On the next few pages are some exam questions about Buckland Abbey. Have a read through the questions and the plans that are below them. Follow the plans and have a go at some of the questions. You would get ½ an hour to answer a question in the exam. Choose a turning point in your site’s history. Explain how and why this changed the importance of the site, either locally or nationally. Use physical features of the site as well as your knowledge to support your answer. [20] ( ) Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology [5] Introduction: Explain a turning point in your site’s history. This could be any turning point. Buckland turning from a monastery to a manor house is a good one. Briefly explain changes that occurred. You will then go on to explain these more in your actual answer. Mention these changes were part of the Reformation. Paragraph structure should follow the order of the question: 1. Consider a feature that had existed in monastic times. 2. Then explain how it changed after Buckland was dissolved as a monastery. 3. Explain why Grenville made that change. Paragraph 1: Consider a feature that had existed in monastic times. Then explain how it changed after Buckland was dissolved as a monastery. Explain why Grenville made that change • Explain that in monastic times there were dormitories and a refectory and a chapterhouse • Explain that in Tudor Times these were all demolished by Grenville. Plus the Cross shape of the Abbey building was removed. • Why? To remove religious/Catholic remnants from Buckland Abbey because as a staunch protestant Richard Grenville hated the fact that the Abbey used to be Catholic as he hated Catholics. Model Paragraph (see words of the question emboldened in your answer): “One turning point in the site’s history occurred in 1539 when Buckland Abbey was dissolved as a monastery and became a gentleman’s estate instead (1). One example of how this occurred on the site was that many monastic buildings were demolished (2). The Cloisters that the monks studied in, the refectory that they ate in, the dormitories that they slept in and their lavatories were all demolished. This is because [explaining why this changed the site’s importance] Richard Grenville, the Tudor gentlemen who was changing the site wanted to create a Tudor Estate and home in the 1570s for his family (3) and there were far fewer Grenville family members than the previous group of monks and lay-brothers that had been living on the site. This meant that these large buildings such as a refectory were no longer needed and were expensive to run – it was easier to get them knocked down. Grenville also demolished certain other features, such as the transepts on the Abbey(2). This was to remove the cross shape of the abbey building [explaining how this changed the building](2). Grenville was a protestant whose family had bought Buckland Abbey from the King. As a protestant he despised Catholics and so was trying to remove all trace of the monastic site and its religious heritage; the cross shape of the abbey was one of those reminders. This changed the importance of the site – it was no longer a religious site, instead it had become a home for a Tudor gentleman and his family (3). Also it was no longer an important site for Catholics, it was now used by Protestants (3). Paragraph 2: Consider another feature that existed in monastic time. Then explain how it changed after Buckland was dissolved as a monastery. Explain why Grenville made that change. • Explain that in monastic times the Abbey was used for worship • Explain that in Tudor Times the abbey was converted into a home – but a home that looked quite clumsy – due to the architecture of the Abbey getting in the way of Grenville’s plans • Why? It appears Grenville was short of money. Most Tudor gentlemen who inherited an abbey demolished it and used the stone to build an entirely new house in the Tudor style. However Grenville couldn’t afford to do this and so took the abbey building and converted it. This may also explain why he sold it in 1582 to Drake, a man who Grenville disliked. Perhaps money issues forced him to. Paragraph 3: Consider another feature. What challenges are there when trying to understand the appearance of your site when it was first created (1) and how could someone overcome these challenges (2)? Use physical features of the site as well as your knowledge to support your answer. [20] ( ) Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology [5] Introduction: Outline that there are many challenges in understanding the appearance. Lack of sources, the way the building has been changed over time and a fire have all made it harder. It is possible to overcome these challenges because there are still features of the building from that time and we can use these to work out the overall look. Paragraph 1. The challenges.(1) The only original written source is the one from Amicia, Countess of Devon. It does not describe the building, only why it was built. There have also been huge changes. For example, (here you can explain the changes made by Richard Grenville). This means the building has been changed massively since it was first built. Paragraph 2. However, there are certain features left that mean we can get an idea of what it looked like (2). For example (here you can use the south side of the outside building which has features of what it looked like such as the original tower and the crease lines of the south transept). There are remains of the original cross vaulting in the Lifetimes Gallery and the Smoking Lobby. In the Georgian dining room is the winged Ox of St Luke from the original building, which show the spreading of Jesus’ gospel around the world. Paragraph 3. There are also some artists’ impressions that can help to give us an idea(3). These are based in part on the remains and also on an understanding of what most monasteries included such as cloisters, dormitories (here you could mention some other features of monasteries eg comparing it to what we know about Fountains Abbey). Also the Buck brothers (Samuel and Nathanial) brothers made landscape engravings which give us further understanding of what the building looked like in the 1734 Imagine that an artist has been hired to do a painting showing the diversity of everyday life at your site, at a particular time in its past (1). What would you tell the artist to help make the painting historically accurate? (2) Use physical features of the site as well as your knowledge to support your answer. [20] ( ) Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology [5] Introduction: Start by stating which time period you will be focusing on. (In this example the time is 1577 after the monastery had been converted in to a Tudor home). State why it is important (the purpose of the house changed from a set of monastic buildings to a Tudor Family home) Paragraph 1. • Explain the diversity of daily life that revolved around one family – the Grenvilles. it would be important for the artist to paint parts of the buildings that show the stamp of the new family and also reveal the religious buildings they have converted . Eg. draw the abbey from the east, to show transepts now gone and the Chancel modified to be a serving area between the Tudor Hall and the Kitchens. Paragraph 2. • The artist could also present the life of a gentleman that Grenville wanted to be. In the painting Grenville could be shown lording over an estate which has the abbey and all its new Tudor features like square Tudor windows, but also some of the monastic estate features that he kept as a Tudor gentleman, such as barns, dovecotes, orchards, Elizabethan gardens and ponds. • Could also paint his family: Mary St Leger and his four sons for they also explain the look of the building. Grenville and his wife were both from wealthy backgrounds and so they lived the lifestyle of a wealthy Tudor family, and that included servants. • Could paint the Tudor east wing that Grenville also added which had a ‘service wing’ where servants worked, and the artist should draw servants bustling around the entrance of the house perhaps assisting with a horse and carriage which would be the way people arrived at Buckland since it is in such a remote part of Devon in Dartmoor, no one would walk there.The servants should wear appropriate plain clothing whilst the clothes Grenville and his family should be wearing is t he formal dress of a wealthy family. Paragraph 3. • Could also paint the Great Barn with men working to collect the harvest into it from the estate showing farming continued from monastic era. It should be a warm bright day in order to be able to showcase the people working on the land in the sunshine and the servants bustling outside. We can ensure the accuracy of the painting of everyday life using a representation of Buckland Abbey painted in 1734 by Samuel and Nathanial Buck and information we know about other Tudor manor houses of the time. Diversity includes: • Types of people at the site • Type of employment going on • What the buildings looked like • What the background might include • What clothes people were wearing.
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