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Revista Economía Vol REVISTA ECONOMÍA VOL. 69 | N.o 109 | MAYO 2017 LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y SOLIDARIA LA ECONOMÍA MAYO 2017 MAYO | 109 o LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y SOLIDARIA. N. | CONTRIBUCIONES A SU CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN VOL. 69 ECONOMÍA INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y POSGRADO REVISTA REVISTA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS | UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR REVISTA ECONOMÍA Vol. 69, N.o 109 (mayo 2017) LA ECONOMÍA SOCIAL Y SOLIDARIA CONTRIBUCIONES A SU CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN EDITORES CÉSAR CARRANZA, PATRIC HOLLENSTEIN Universidad Central del Ecuador ANDREA MARTÍNEZ Universidad Central del Ecuador INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y POSGRADO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS | UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR REVISTA ECONOMÍA | Vol. 69 | N.o 109 (mayo 2017) | ISSN 1390-6380 | Quito-Ecuador La Revista Economía es una publicación de carácter semestral del Instituto Superior de Investigación y Posgrado (ISIP) de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Constituye un espacio de reflexión crítica de la realidad socioeconómica y ambiental contemporánea, especialmente del Ecuador y de América Latina. La Revista Economía persigue un pensamiento plural y diverso en la economía y en las ciencias sociales para responder con voces alternativas y críticas a los problemas y retos de la sociedad latinoamericana. AUTORIDADES DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS DECANO Econ. René Puga | SUBDECANO Econ. Bayardo Tobar DIRECTOR CARRERA DE ECONOMÍA Econ. Alberto López DIRECTOR CARRERA DE ESTADÍSTICA Econ. Vicente Paspuel DIRECTOR CARRERA DE FINANZAS Econ. Lenin Tobar DIRECTORA ISIP Econ. Nancy Medina CONSEJO EDITORIAL René Puga (UCE), Bayardo Tobar (UCE), Diego Carrión (ISIP-UCE), Francisco Gachet (ISIP-UCE), Patric Hollenstein (ISIP-UCE), Nancy Medina (UCE), Miguel Ruiz Acosta (UCE), Ricardo Sánchez (UCE). EDITORA GENERAL Andrea Martínez EDITOR DEL DOSSIER César Carranza, Patric Hollenstein EDICIÓN DE TEXTO Gustavo Pazmiño DISEÑO Y DIAGRAMACIÓN Gustavo Pazmiño, Patric Hollenstein IMPRESIÓN Xona Producciones Gráficas DIRECCIÓN REVISTA ECONOMÍA Ciudadela Universitaria, Avenida América Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador Quito, Ecuador Teléfono: +593 (02) 252 5018, ext. 502 Correo electrónico: [email protected] Los contenidos pueden usarse libremente, sin fines comerciales y siempre y cuando se cite la fuente. Si se hacen cambios de cualquier tipo, debe guardarse el espíritu de libre acceso al contenido. TABLA DE CONTENIDO Vol. 69, N.o 109 (mayo 2017) Editorial ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... v DOSSIER Entre el concepto minimalista y el concepto maximalista de economía social y solidaria. Tensiones teóricas y agenda futura de investigación ............................................... 13 Fernanda Wanderley, Universidad Católica Boliviana ¿Es la cooperación el rasgo distintivo de la economía social y solidaria? Aporte a su conceptualización en el Ecuador ..................................................................................................................... 29 Natalia Doukh, Flacso-Ecuador Cruzando os caminhos da economia solidária e do feminismo: Passos para uma convergência necessária ............................................................................................................................... 43 Isabelle Hillenkamp, ird-cessma; Isabelle Guérin, ird-cessma; Christine Verschuur, iheid Capitalismo, sociedad de mercado y solidaridad. Una mirada crítica a los postulados de la economía social y solidaria .................................................................................... 61 Diego Benítez, Flacso-Ecuador Experiencias de vinculación de universidades públicas con organizaciones y movimientos de economía social y solidaria de Argentina y Perú ....................................................... 79 Luis Montoya, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Economía en las comunidades nosótricas maya-tojolabales del sur-este de México ............ 99 Violeta Núñez, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, México Sumak kawsay y economía comunitaria en la amazonía ecuatoriana ................................................ 111 Santiago García Álvarez y Alejandro Santillán, Universidad Central del Ecuador Juan Manuel Ramírez-Cendrero, Universidad Complutense, España ESTUDIOS SOCIOECONÓMICOS ¿La comercialización asociativa de los pequeños agricultores mejora los ingresos? Evidencia de los agricultores de papa en el Ecuador ............................................................................................... 129 Nancy Medina, Universidad Central del Ecuador Asociatividad y ventas: Una mirada de las unidades de economía popular y solidaria en el Ecuador .......................................................................................................................................................................... 149 Sebastián Burgos Dávila, Centro de Investigación Cuantitativa económica-cic Gabriela Falconí Guamán, Investigadora independiente Comportamientos de consumo de alimentos orgánicos en espacios urbanos ......................... 161 Mónica Izurieta, Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Ecuador La calidad de vivienda en la provincia de Tungurahua. Análisis de heterogeneidad espacial a través del modelo sanova y anova ................................................................. 179 Julio Villa, Álvaro Vayas, Paulina Cabay; Universidad Técnica de Ambato Elementos de análisis para la sostenibilidad de una economía dolarizada ................................... 189 Jaime Fernández, Flacso, Ecuador POLÍTICA EDITORIAL Y NORMAS DE PUBLICACIÓN ..............................................................................................................215 EDITORIAL Vol. 69, N.o 109 (mayo 2017) urante los últimos años se ha retomado un importante debate y desarrollo acadé- mico respecto con la denominada Economía Social y Solidaria (ess). Este debate se da en momentos en que manifestaciones y emprendimientos de esta denominada D«otra forma» de economía aparecen y buscan consolidarse en todo el mundo, en los más di- versos contextos sociales, culturales y económicos. Al mismo tiempo, la promoción y el forta- lecimiento de la ess —de sus organizaciones, actores y emprendimientos— están o estuvieron recientemente en el centro de las agendas públicas de algunos países de la región —Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, Brasil, etc.— por sus contribuciones al desarrollo eco- nómico y social, principalmente por su impacto en la reducción de la pobreza, la generación de empleo, la integración social, e incluso como alternativa a la economía capitalista global y como vehículo de transformaciones más profundas del sistema económico vigente. La ess ha representado una alternativa viable para un número, cada vez más creciente de personas provenientes de los más diversos contextos. En el caso ecuatoriano, la nueva Constitución (2008) identificó a laess no solo como una práctica vigente y de gran alcance en el país, sino también como una estrategia adecuada para alcanzar el régimen del «Buen vivir» propuesto, definiendo al sistema económico del país como social y solidario (artículo 283). Sin duda, la evolución del corpus teórico y la reflexión crítica respecto a la ess es un pro- ceso aún en construcción y una práctica necesariamente permanente, en los que convergen diferentes disciplinas y enfoques de la economía. Entre los pilares de un estatuto teórico de la ess están el sustantivismo histórico-institucional, la economía social, la economía feminista, la economía ecológica, la economía comunitaria, la antropología y sociología económica. Los diferentes matices, giros y profundidades que ha tomado el debate conceptual respecto con la ess ilustran la diversidad y complejidad de las manifestaciones y lógicas que están detrás de los emprendimientos social y solidarios. Pero también muestran la necesidad de profundizar la reflexión teórica y conceptual para entender esta otra «forma de economía», la racionali- dad o racionalidades que involucra, los actores que moviliza y la posibilitan, las relaciones y estructuras existentes, la dinámica y trayectoria que mantiene, en las que sus manifestaciones se presentan en las diferentes etapas del proceso económico: producción, circulación, distri- bución y consumo; con el fin de contribuir a la construcción de alternativas económicas y pa- radigmáticas que devengan en sociedades más igualitarias e incluyentes. El interés al respecto de la ess, en contextos como el andino, está estrechamente vinculado a las dinámicas propias que perviven en los países de esta región, en donde se mantienen ele- mentos de las culturas ancestrales dentro de diversas prácticas de economía no vinculada di- rectamente con las lógicas utilitaristas, pero sí dentro del mercado. La presencia de relacio- nes de reciprocidad, de reproducción de la unidad económica, la solidaridad y de la lógica del don están muy arraigadas dentro de la cultura y cosmovisión de las sociedades tradiciona- les latinoamericanas; estas relaciones, que para algunos pueden parecer como anacronismos vi Revista Economía | 109 | mayo 2017 o reminiscencias del pasado, se han mantenido y tienen amplia vigencia a través de distintas instituciones, las cuales no solo permiten la reproducción material, sino también la reproduc- ción social y cultural de estas sociedades.
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