DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Pobreza En Colombia: Tipos De Medición Y Evolución De

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Pobreza En Colombia: Tipos De Medición Y Evolución De Estudios Gerenciales ISSN: 0123-5923 [email protected] Universidad ICESI Colombia Ramírez R., Carlos Enrique; Rodríguez Bravo, Johann Pobreza en Colombia: Tipos de medición y evolución de políticas entre los años 1950 y 2000 Estudios Gerenciales, núm. 85, octubre - diciembre, 2002 Universidad ICESI Cali, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=21208504 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto POBREZA EN COLOMBIA: TIPOS DE MEDICIÓN Y EVOLUCIÓN DE POLÍTICAS ENTRE LOS AÑOS 1950 Y 2000 Carlos Enrique Ramírez R. Director Programa de Economía y Negocios Internacionales Universidad Icesi; Magíster en Negocios Internacionales University of North London; Magíster en Estudios Políticos Universidad Javeriana; Economista Universidad Javeriana JOHANN RODRÍGUEZ BRAVO Estudiante de décimo semestre de Economía y Negocios Internacionales de la Universidad ICESI Fecha de recepción: 26-09-2002 Fecha de aceptación: 20-12-2002 RESUMEN literatura económica y las institucio- El fenómeno de la pobreza en Colom- nes como el Banco Mundial y el Ban- bia es una compleja red de factores co Interamericano de Desarrollo su- entrelazados. Las definiciones actua- gieren algunas alternativas para sa- les se circunscriben a indicadores es- lir del problema, pero cada país es tándar internacionalmente acepta- único y debe adaptar sus políticas a dos, que se basan principalmente en su propio contexto. el nivel de ingresos y en necesidades básicas insatisfechas. Sin embargo, la PALABRAS CLAVES elección de estos índices puede traer Pobreza, línea de pobreza, desigual- sesgos de exclusión y de inclusión des- dad, educación. viando el resultado de las políticas Clasificación: C públicas. Los gobiernos desde 1930 se han preocupado por la creación de ABSTRACT programas que reduzcan la pobreza, pero sólo desde la década de los cin- The phenomenon of the poverty in cuenta se empezaron a ver los resul- Colombia is a complex net of interla- tados. En los últimos cincuenta años, ced factors. The current definitions los niveles de pobreza medidos por are circumscribed to internationally necesidades han venido disminuyen- standard indicators that are based on do, pero en la última década, el cam- the level of income and unsatisfied bio estructural y la recesión de 1998 basic necessities, however, the elec- y 1999 retrasaron once años la cali- tion of these indexes can bring exclu- dad de vida de los colombianos. La sion and inclusion biases deviating Pobreza en Colombia: ESTUDIOS Tipos de medición y evolución de políticas entre los años 1950 y 2000 GERENCIALES 81 the result of the public policies. Sin- the institutions like the World Bank ce 1930 governments have worried and the Inter-American Development about the creation of programs that Bank suggest some alternatives to reduce the poverty, but only since the leave the problem, but each country fifties the results began to be seen. is unique and it should adapt their In the last 50 years, levels of poverty policies to its own context. have decreased, but in the last deca- de, the structural change and the re- cession of 1998 and 1999, retarded 11 KEY WORDS: years the quality of life of the Colom- Poverty, Line of Poverty, Inequality, bians. The economic literature and Education ESTUDIOS 82 GERENCIALES No. 85 • Oct. - Dic. de 2002 INTRODUCCIÓN escuela y no saber leer. La pobreza es Entender la pobreza es muy comple- no tener trabajo, tener miedo al futu- jo, sobre todo porque es el resultado ro y vivir día a día”.1 de una serie concatenada de factores Según Amartya Sen,2 premio Nóbel que se alimentan unos a otros. Defi- de Economía en 1998 por sus traba- nir la pobreza es algo que la economía jos sobre la distribución del ingreso y ha intentado desde sus variables ma- el bienestar económico, la pobreza no croeconómicas más conocidas: ingre- es simplemente la falta de ingreso, so y consumo; pero, aunque los estu- sino la falta de capacidades básicas y dios hayan mejorado las formas de de libertad para obtenerlo. Los es- abordar los problemas, siguen exis- fuerzos teóricos por acotar el térmi- tiendo desacuerdos en cuanto al sig- no entre cantidades y cualidades, sin nificado real de la pobreza. La econo- embargo, seguirán siendo una aproxi- mía, desde los trabajos de Smith has- mación “lejana” al verdadero signifi- ta finales de 1940, se concentró en el cado que hay detrás del sufrimiento problema de la riqueza, dejando a un que experimenta una persona consi- lado la investigación científica y rigu- derada como pobre . rosa del fenómeno de la pobreza; no obstante, en el período inmediatamen- El objetivo de este ensayo es reseñar te posterior a la Segunda Guerra Mun- la evolución de la pobreza en Colom- dial, la división política y económica bia en los últimos cincuenta años. En del mundo creó las condiciones para la primera parte, se hará referencia a que los académicos empezaran a tra- las formas básicas de medir la pobre- tar el tema de la pobreza y el subde- za (necesidades básicas insatisfechas, sarrollo con un mayor rigor. Desde los línea de pobreza e indigencia, índice primeros trabajos de la economía del de calidad de vida, índice de desarro- desarrollo y, posteriormente, de la eco- llo humano y coeficiente de Gini). En nomía del crecimiento, se aportó mu- la segunda sección, el objetivo es po- chísimo al estudio de la pobreza como ner de manifiesto las políticas socia- problema económico y social. Las de- les que los gobiernos han implemen- finiciones que se dan sobre pobreza, tado durante los últimos cincuenta en general, van por un mismo cami- años, y describir cómo ha permaneci- no: ser pobre es no disponer de los re- do el bienestar de los colombianos; esta cursos para obtener los medios míni- parte del trabajo está compuesta por mos de subsistencia; pero la pobreza seis subtítulos que resumen específi- es mucho más. Para el Banco Mun- camente lo acontecido en uno o en va- dial “la pobreza es hambre. La pobre- rios períodos presidenciales. En la ter- za es falta de techo bajo el cual res- cera sección se retomarán algunos as- guardarse. La pobreza es estar enfer- pectos de la pobreza en Colombia (el mo y no poder ser atendido por un atraso rural y la desigualdad) con el médico. La pobreza es no poder ir a la objetivo de abarcar dimensiones más 1. www.worldbank.org/poverty 2. “[...] poverty must be seen as deprivation of the basic capabilities rather than merely as lowness of incomes, which is the standard criterion of identification of poverty” (Sen, 1999). Pobreza en Colombia: ESTUDIOS Tipos de medición y evolución de políticas entre los años 1950 y 2000 GERENCIALES 83 amplias alrededor de la pobreza. Para nos metodológicos se encuentran li- cerrar, se presentan unas conclusio- mitaciones. Lo que se ha terminado nes generales y se hacen varias suge- haciendo es contextualizando la po- rencias y recomendaciones con el fin breza alrededor de “indicadores que de pensar en algunas soluciones fren- comparan el nivel de vida con el “es- te al problema. tilo de vida” imperante en la socie- dad” (Cuéllar y Uribe, 2001). FORMAS DE MEDIR LA POBREZA A continuación se presentarán los La forma en que se ha abordado el indicadores comúnmente utilizados tema de la pobreza ha sido a través para medir la pobreza. de métodos que miden la calidad de vida y el nivel de ingresos suficiente para subsistir; pero incluso con esos Necesidades básicas métodos no se puede apartar la sub- insatisfechas jetividad. La pobreza es relativa, por Indicador que señala la carencia o ejemplo, “¿puede considerarse pobre insuficiencia por parte de un hogar una familia que no puede permitir- de una de las siguientes cinco necesi- se un carro? En algunos países en dades básicas: vivienda con materia- que los carros sean aún el lujo de los les adecuados, servicios públicos de ricos la respuesta será “No”; pero acueducto y alcantarillado, nivel bajo quizá sería “Sí” en algunas comuni- de hacinamiento (menos de tres per- dades de Estados Unidos” (Meade, sonas por cuarto), bajo grado de de- 1985). Por lo tanto, toda medición o pendencia (menos de tres personas a definición de pobreza debe circuns- cargo de cada trabajador del hogar, cribirse al lugar y al tiempo, pues con educación) y niños entre los 7 y aunque según el estándar interna- los 11 años con asistencia escolar idó- cional ser pobre es vivir con menos nea. Si el hogar tiene una necesidad de dos dólares al día, muy segura- insatisfecha se considera que está en mente en los países desarrollados un condiciones de pobreza y si tiene más individuo con un ingreso por encima de una se considera en miseria. del promedio mundial sea también considerado pobre. Las nociones de De acuerdo con el boletín No. 26 del pobreza, como ya se mencionó antes, DNP, entre 1973 y 1996 la pobreza en son tan difusas que es muy difícil Colombia medida en términos de las darles un cuerpo teórico; por tanto, NBI se reduce significativamente, se considera que son altamente nor- pero después de 1996 se presentan mativas y para definirlas en térmi- signos de estancamiento (Ver Tabla 1). Tabla 1. Indice de pobrezas. 1985 1993 1996 1997 1998 1999 % Personas 1 NBI 45.6 37.2 26 25.9 26 24.9 % Personas +1 NBI 22.8 14.9 8.9 8.6 8.2 7.3 Fuente: Cálculos DNP-UDS-Diogs con base en Dane, censos de 1983 y 1993.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia by Laura
    The Art of the Hustle: A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia by Laura L. Bunting-Hudson Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Laura L. Bunting-Hudson All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Art of the Hustle: A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia Laura L. Bunting-Hudson How do rap artists in Bogota, Colombia come together to make music? What is the process they take to commodify their culture? Why are some rappers able to become socially mobile in this process, while others are less so? What is technology’s role in all of this? This ethnography explores those questions, as it carefully documents the strategies utilized by various rap groups in Bogota, Colombia to create social mobility, commoditize products and to create a different vision of modernity within the hip-hop community, as an alternative to the ideals set forth by mainstream Colombian society. Resistance Art Poetry (RAP), is said to have originated in the United States but has become a form of international music. In conducting ethnographic research from December of 2012 to October 2014, I was able to discover how rappers organize themselves politically, how they commoditize their products and distribute them to create various types of social mobilities. In this dissertation, I constructed models to typologize rap groups in Bogota, Colombia, which I call polities of rappers to discuss how these groups come together, take shape, make plans and execute them to reach their business goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Karem Sánchez De Roldán
    LAND OF CONTRAST, CONTEXT OF EXCLUSION Social Capital in Policy Formulation: Valle Del Cauca – Colombia, 1998-2008 Karem Sánchez de Roldán 510191-L-bw-de Roldan Processed on: 10-5-2017 PDF page: 1 The research was funded by Universidad del Valle, Colombia and COLFUTURO © Karem Sánchez de Roldán 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission by the author. ISBN 978-90-6490-074-7 510191-L-bw-de Roldan Processed on: 10-5-2017 PDF page: 2 LAND OF CONTRACT, CONTEXT OF EXCLUSION Social Capital in Policy Formulation: Valle Del Cauca – Colombia, 1998-2008 LAND VAN CONTRACT, CONTEXT VAN UITSLUITING Sociaal kapitaal bij beleidsvorming: Valle del Cauca – Colombia, 1998-2008 Thesis to obtain the degree of Doctor from the Erasmus University Rotterdam by command of the Rector Magnificus Professor dr. H.A.P. Pols and in accordance with the decision of the Doctorate Board The public defence shall be held on Monday 12 June 2017 at 16.00 hrs by Karem Sánchez de Roldán born in Bogotá, Colombia 510191-L-bw-de Roldan Processed on: 10-5-2017 PDF page: 3 Doctoral Committee Doctoral Dissertation Supervisors Prof. I.P. van Staveren Prof. R.E. van der Hoeven Other members Prof. P. Dekker, Tilburg University Prof. J.M. Baud, University of Amsterdam Prof. A.H.J. Helmsing 510191-L-bw-de Roldan Processed on: 10-5-2017 PDF page: 4 To Isabella and all my grandchildren to come because
    [Show full text]
  • Reduction of Inequalities in Colombia According to Sustainable Development Goal 10
    ISSN: 0798-1015 DOI: 10.48082/espacios-a20v41n45p03 Vol. 41 (45) 2020 • Art. 3 Recibido/Received: 03/05/2020 • Aprobado/Approved: 19/10/2020 • Publicado/Published: 26/11/2020 Reduction of inequalities in Colombia according to Sustainable Development Goal 10 Reducción de desigualdades en Colombia según el objetivo del desarrollo sostenible 10 REDONDO, Marlen I.1 DUQUE, Cristian C.2 DIAZ, Carlos A.3 RODRIGUEZ, Laura J.4 Abstract This is a bibliographic review article on the reduction of inequalities in Colombia, focused on the Sustainable Development Goal 10, which is related to the National Development Plan of Colombia for the period 2010-2014 in order to identify the policies and programs developed in the country. It can be concluded that Colombia has been improving social conditions from early childhood and contributing to the formation of future generations; nevertheless Colombia still falls short in its education coverage. key words: inequality, education, Sustainable Development Goals,socialprograms. Resumen Este es un artículo de revisión bibliográfica sobre las reducción de las desigualdades en Colombia, centrado en el Objetivo del Desarrollo Sostenible 10, que está relacionado con el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo de Colombia para el año 2014 con el fin de identificar las políticas y programas desarrollados en el país. Se puede concluir que Colombia ha venido mejorando las condiciones sociales desde la primera infancia y ha contribuido a la formación de generaciones futuras; sin embargo, Colombia sigue atrasada en su cobertura en educación. Palabras clave: desigualdad, educación, Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible, programas sociales. 1. Introduction One can argue that the social inequalities are a critical phenomenon at large scale of the world’s population.
    [Show full text]
  • Large-Scale Impact 2013 /2016 POLICY PROCESSES for FINAL REPORT
    POLICY PROCESSES FOR Large-Scale Impact 2013 / 2016 2013 / 2016 IMPACT LARGE-SCALE POLICY PROCESSES FOR POLICY FINAL REPORT 1 2 FINAL REPORT POLICY PROCESSES FOR Large-Scale Impact 2013 / 2016 PHOTOGRAPHY Cover CIAT: Neil Palmer, Georgina Smith, Stéfanie Neno and Adriana Varón. World Bank: Maria Fleischmann Rimisp Images Latin American Center for Rural Development Pages 7, 8, 10, 17, 19, 22, 24, 31, 36 and 38. CIAT Images Pages 12 and 23. Pages 4, 9, 15, 18, 39 and 45, Neil Palmer. Page 21, Stéfanie Neno and Adriana Varón. World Bank Images Pages 6 and 20, Maria Fleischmann. Page 26, Mariana Ceratti. 4 Table of contents P.07 INTRODUCTION: The Best Public Policy is Made Through Dialogue P.08 LARGE-SCALE IMPACTS: A new phase in the strategy of policy dialogue through Rural Dialogue Groups P.10 Four specific contexts and a series of common elements P.10 Cross-cutting results: the program as a platform for knowledge management and for interconnecting stakeholders for advocacy P.11 New projects that scale up policy dialogue P.11 A method for monitoring and evaluating advocacy P.12 Contribution to Changes in Policies for Over Coming Rural Poverty: P.14 Mexico: Interconnecting social and productive policies for rural development P.16 Colombia: Peace and rural development dialogues with a territorial approach P.18 Ecuador: Value chains, financing for agriculture and rural education P.20 El Salvador: Rural territorial development policies to address climate change P.22 IFAD and the incorporation of policy dialogue in Latin America P.24 INTERVIEW
    [Show full text]
  • English) Is Proposed, Which Enables Potential Risks and Social and Environmental Conflicts to Be Minimized While Promoting the Benefits of REDD+
    R-PP Submission Format v. 5 Revised (December 22, 2010): Working Draft for Use by Countries. (Replaces R-PP v.4, January 28, 2010; and draft v. 5, Oct. 30, 2010). Republic of Colombia NOTE ON THIS VERSION OF THE FORMAL SUBMISSION OF THE READINESS PREPARATION PROPOSAL FOR REDD + (R-PP) (Version 4.0 – September 27, 2011) The Government of Colombia, as part of the preparation regarding the possibility of carrying out Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) activities, has developed a proposal for readiness for REDD+ (R-PP) within the framework of support received by the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF). In this context, we present this fourth version of the document R-PP to be officially submitted as a formal document at the tenth meeting of the FCPF Participants Committee to be held in Berlin, Germany, from October 17 to 19, 2011. This version includes the contributions and adjustments made to previous versions and is the work and collaboration among different stakeholders in the country, including the communities who live directly in the forests, the productive sectors, the state institutions and representatives of civil society. Even included are the PC and TAP reviewers of the FCPF who evaluated the previous versions. While this document is formally submitted for evaluation by the FCPF, we are still inviting interested parties to continue working together with the R-PP development team ([email protected]) to improve this proposal by involving current and future strategic allies to accompany and monitor the proper implementation of resources obtained to strengthen the development of REDD+ activities in the country, within the framework of respect for the rights of communities, the conservation of natural ecosystems, and the effectiveness in the maintenance of carbon stocks in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Colombia October 2020 Monetary Poverty Increased in 2018, Thus Reversing a Sustained Downward Trend in Poverty Reduction Since 2012
    Poverty & Equity Brief Latin America & the Caribbean Colombia October 2020 Monetary poverty increased in 2018, thus reversing a sustained downward trend in poverty reduction since 2012. Official poverty rates show that the percentage of people in poverty changed from 26.9 percent in 2017 to 27.0 percent in 2018. In that year, 13,073,000 Colombians lived in poverty, 190,000 more than in 2017. Extreme poverty went down to 7.2 percent in 2018 (a total of 3,508,000 Colombians) from 7.4 in 2017 (3,534,000). Inequality measured by the official (national) Gini index rose from 50.8 in 2017 to 51.7 in 2018, reversing for the first time the equalizing trend started in 2010. Increases in inequality in urban areas explain this increment. In fact, inequality in rural areas continued to decline in 2018 although the change has not been sufficient to counteract the increase in inequality in urban areas. On the positive side, the evolution of the shared prosperity in Colombia reflects pro-poor growth in recent years. Between 2013 and 2018, households in the bottom 40 percent of Colombia's income distribution had income growth of 2.3 percent, compared to the 1.4 percent growth in average income per capita. Unfortunately, the current global outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 is having a substantial impact on poverty in Colombia. Multiple sectors are seeing declines in employment, including, among others, commerce, restaurants and hospitality services, and activities with high levels of informality. The unemployment rate doubled since July 2019, reaching 20.2 percent in July 2020, with large increases in urban areas and among women, the youth, the self-employed, and workers in small firms, and 4.2 million jobs were lost.
    [Show full text]
  • Venezuelans in Colombia
    VENEZUELANS IN COLOMBIA - 1 - - 2 - VENEZUELANS IN COLOMBIA VENEZUELANS IN COLOMBIA: understanding the implications of the migrants crisis in Maicao (La Guajira) By Jair Eduardo Restrepo Pineda and Juliana Jaramillo Jaramillo Under the direction of: Manuela Torres Regional Director for Latin America and the Caribbean, Sayara International 2018 - 3 - Venezuelan migrant child takes refuge in the municipal Catholic Church facilities. Maicao, La Guajira, Colombia, October,2018. - 4 - VENEZUELANS IN COLOMBIA Acknowledgements Sayara International thanks the academic, research and administrative team of Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios (UNIMINUTO) for its effort and collaboration to carry out the study. More specifically, the authors, Juliana Jaramillo and Jair Eduardo Restrepo for their rigorous work in the methodology design and information analysis, as well as Armando Rhenals Coronado, Danys Alberth Aguirre Ocampo, for participation in data collection in the field. Sayara also thanks the migration expert Gisela P. Zapata for her role in ensuring data and analysis quality control of this final report. Likewise, Sayara also would like to thank the Venezuelan migrants and refugees that agreed to share their stories for the aim of this research. We’re also appreciative to Maicao’s local community, representatives of the local government and non-governmental organization for facilitating access to key information which contributed to the development of a comprehensive analysis of the local community and how its coping with the influx of migrants and refugees. Finally, Sayara thanks Exovera and its management and technical team, for its collaboration on the South American media monitoring, by providing access to their artificial intelligence platform as well as the 30 days of detailed media monitoring analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Master’ to His Work of Art
    Marketing the Beautiful Black Sheep: Studying the Image Creation Process of Destinations with Social Problems through a Dialectical Approach of Myth Makers using Photo Elicitation and Story Telling Claudia Guarin Natalie Krainski Christoph Luenser Table of Contents I Table of Contents Index of Tables and Figures ............................................................................................. III 1 Background ...................................................................................................................3 1.1 Literature Review ...................................................................................................4 1.2 Structure of the Paper ..........................................................................................14 2 Methodology................................................................................................................15 2.1 Procedure .............................................................................................................16 2.1.1 Data Collection from Destination Marketing Organizations and Travel Agencies / Tour Operators...............................................................................18 2.1.2 Data Collection from Consumers .....................................................................19 2.2 Analysis.................................................................................................................22 2.2.1 Destination Marketing Organizations and Travel Agencies / Tour Operators.23 2.2.2 Consumers ........................................................................................................24
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Poverty Reduction Experiences in Cali, Colombia: Lessons from the Work of Local Non-Profit Organisations
    Urban Poverty Reduction Experiences in Cali, Colombia: Lessons from the Work of Local Non-profit Organisations Julio D Dávila IIED Working Paper 4 on Poverty Reduction in Urban Areas This is one of ten case studies that were part of an IIED research programme on “Urban Poverty Reduction Programmes: Lessons of Experience”. The research was undertaken with support from the UK Government’s Department for International Development/DFID (project number R6859) and from the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). The publications that are the result of this work are listed at the end of this paper. The ten case studies demonstrate the important roles that local institutions have (or can have) in contributing to poverty reduction in urban areas. They show that: • many aspects of poverty need to be addressed, including not only inadequate livelihoods, income levels and asset bases but also poor quality and often insecure housing, inadequate infrastructure and services, inadequate legal protection of poorer groups’ rights, and “voicelessness and powerlessness” within political systems and bureaucratic structures; • there are often positive multiplier linkages as actions to reduce one aspect of poverty can help reduce other aspects; • there are many possible entry points for reducing poverty (including some for which little or no external funding is needed) and many kinds of local organizations or institutions that can contribute to this; • the form of the local institution that can reduce poverty varies with context; they can be community
    [Show full text]
  • POVERTY and SHARED PROSPERITY in COLOMBIA BACKGROUND PAPER for POLICY NOTES Public Disclosure Authorized
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized POVERTY AND SHARED PROSPERITY IN COLOMBIA BACKGROUND PAPER FOR POLICY NOTES Public Disclosure Authorized Contents I. Poverty, Inequality and Shared Prosperity ........................................................................................... 2 Poverty: recent trends .................................................................................................................................. 2 Profiling the poor: who and where are Colombia’s less well-off? ................................................... 8 Welfare dynamics: socioeconomic mobility of the Poor, Vulnerable and Middle-Class ....... 111 Shared Prosperity ...................................................................................................................................... 133 Inequality .................................................................................................................................................... 155 II. The drivers behind the changes in poverty and inequality .......................................................... 177 Understanding drivers of poverty reduction ........................................................................................ 177 Understanding the drivers of inequality changes ............................................................................... 211 Annex 1: Informality trends .........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • COLOMBIA Public Disclosure Authorized
    COLOMBIA Public Disclosure Authorized Systematic Country Diagnostic June 22, 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ___________________________________________________________________________________ Acknowledgements This Colombia Strategic Country Diagnostic was produced by Carter J. Brandon (Lead Economist, GENDR), Barbara Cunha (Senior Country Economist, GMFDR), Samuel Freije-Rodríguez (Lead Economist, GPVDR) and Luciana Marchesini (Strategy Officer, CGEDR); with the research assistance of Domoina Rambeloarison (Junior Professional Associate, LCC1A), Christopher Sall (Consultant, GMFDR), and Daniel Valderrama (Junior Professional Associate, GPVDR). Overall supervision was provided by Gerardo Corrochano (Country Director for Colombia and Mexico), Issam Abousleiman (Country Manager for Colombia), Eduardo Wallentin (Senior Manager, CGECF), Dan Biller (Sector Manager, MIGEC), Louise J. Cord (Manager, GPVDR) and Pablo Saavedra (Manager, GFMDR). In addition, the following people provided overall guidance and substantive inputs through comments to early drafts, as well as participation in several internal and external seminars: Jose Luis Acero (GSURR), Pedro Arizti (GGODR), Marcelo Becerra (GEDDR), Harold Bedoya (LCC1C), Jairo Bedoya (LCCCO), Patricia Caraballo (GFMDR), Gianfilippo Carboni (Consultant, MIGEC), Wendy Cunningham (Program Leader, LCC1C), Jozef Draaisma (GMFDR), Marcelo Fabre (GSURR), Antonio Giuffrida (GHNDR), Eva M. Gutiérrez (Program Leader, LCC1C), Leonardo Iacovone (GTCDR),
    [Show full text]
  • Rural Poverty and the Problem of Increasing Food Production on Small Farms: the Case of Colombia
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Research Papers in Economics Rural Poverty and the Problem of Increasing Food Production on Small Farms: The Case of Colombia Refugio I. Rochin It is increasingly recognized that "At the they do one-fourth of the farmland, the Colombian root of the world's food problems are serious small farmers manage to produce two-thirds of all imbalances in the availability of resources, the food output in the agricultural sector. And yet the distribution of incomes, and the conditions under gross income of the small farmer is between one- which food is produced and traded" [Walters, p. tenth and two percent of the gross returns of the 530]. The root cause of the food problem in average member of the Colombian rural elite and Colombia is not merely a serious imbalance in large landowners [Vallianatos, p. 80]. Concomi- resource availability but an even more serious tantly, the elite that owns most of the country's problem of widespread poverty among small farms resources controls the employment of a large and its ramifications. number of agricultural workers. This paper 1) surveys the extent of rural There is no uniquely correct way of measuring poverty in Colombia, 2) examines some of the the extent of rural poverty, nor is there a standard poverty related problems standing in the way of way of measuring income. However, on the basis raising food output on small farms, and 3) ad- of a study by INCORA,1 close to 6.5 million rural dresses these problems with some suggestions for Colombians (out of 10 million), were living in decision-makers.
    [Show full text]