Large-Scale Impact 2013 /2016 POLICY PROCESSES FOR FINAL REPORT

1 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 2 FINAL REPORT

POLICY PROCESSES FOR Large-Scale Impact 2013 / 2016 PHOTOGRAPHY

Cover CIAT: Neil Palmer, Georgina Smith, Stéfanie Neno and Adriana Varón. World Bank: Maria Fleischmann

Rimisp Images Latin American Center for Rural Development Pages 7, 8, 10, 17, 19, 22, 24, 31, 36 and 38.

CIAT Images Pages 12 and 23. Pages 4, 9, 15, 18, 39 and 45, Neil Palmer. Page 21, Stéfanie Neno and Adriana Varón.

World Bank Images Pages 6 and 20, Maria Fleischmann. Page 26, Mariana Ceratti.

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P.30 P.27 P.27 P.24 P.22 P.20 P.18 P.16 P.14 P.12 P.11 P.11 P.10 P.10 P.08 P.07 Table ofcontents P.40 P.36 P.32 P.32

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Coming Rural Poverty: Contribution toChanges inPolicies forOver The BestPublicPolicy isMadeThroughDialogue Work Team anhadDseiaino the 2013and2015Reports Launch and Dissemination of Territorial EquityIndex Trends Evolution of policydialogue inLatin America IFAD andtheincorporation of El Salvador: Rural development territorial policies toaddress climate change Ecuador: Value chains, education andrural financingfor agriculture Colombia: Peace development and rural dialogues approach witha territorial Interconnecting social and productive developmentMexico: policies for rural A methodfor monitoringand evaluating advocacy New projects that scaleup policy dialogue management andfor interconnectingstakeholders for advocacy asaplatform forCross-cutting knowledge results:theprogram commonelements Four andaseriesof specificcontexts Working Papers, Technical Assistance Reportsand Evaluation The project’scommunication strategy Rural DialogueGroups A newphasein thestrategyofpolicydialoguethrough LARGE-SCALE IMPACTS: INTRODUCTION: Communications and Publications TOOLS FOR SUPPORTING POLICY DIALOGUE: and InequalityReports: The Seriesof Latin American Poverty International Fundfor AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD) Director forLatinAmerica and theCaribbeanof the INTERVIEW JOAQUÍN LOZANO:

5 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 6 made throughdialogue” “The bestpublicpolicyis Introduction Rimisp, Latin AmericanCenterfor M. IgnaciaFernández G. Rural Development Executive Director recommendations onthosecontributions. social phenomena and base complex of contribute new information todiscussion policies by theRDGs, to and analysis of pirical evidence provided by assessments designing, based onem- A differentway of concrete public policies. for theirtransformationsupport into governments and provide technical to formulate recommendations for al affiliations ina dialogue process, different disciplines and institution- corporates multiple stakeholders from thinking, which in- A differentway of the Latin America. areas of vulnerable conditionsinrural Americans wholive inpoverty and Latin millionsof lifeof quality of and budgets aimed at improving the menting strategies, policies, programs thinking about, designing and imple- lic policies, but also a differentway of has beentopromotenotonly new pub- (RDGs), whoseworkwe analyze here, theRural Dialogue Groups tion of themain contribu- In thiscontext, states lack an appropriate response. and hierarchical tor-based, centralized American societies, for which oursec the social problems afflicting Latin of complexity dress thegrowing policies that can ad- A generation of public policies. with a new generation of conviction aboutto move theneed ahead for Rural Development, itreflects a deep in Rimisp, the Latin American Center us involved Forin this report. those of the project whose resultsare presented tive message about thekey approach of ismorethan just aneffec- This phrase - sive andsustainable development. in public policy that lead to more inclu- change processesof tool for supporting the RDGsinparticular, as an effective proposedby and theworkmethodology but also to promote dialogue ingeneral, document andshareconcrete results, We notonly serves to hopethisreport with decisive fromIFAD. support to an initiative that began in2010,also work continuously since2013and2016 (IFAD), which has madeitpossible to Developmental Fundfor Agricultural Impact Policy Processes for Large-Scale a project called to mark the closureof whichwehave this report, in prepared erty.contributions These are analyzed public policiesfor overcoming pov- rural moreandbetter the implementation of to existence, their nearly sixyears of bia and Ecuador have made, throughout RDGs inMexico,Salvador, El Colom- contribution that the This isthetypeof tive andtimely implementation. more effec- lationship, with the goal of coordinationinstitutional andinter-re- nical factors, soastoachieve greater ties stemmingfrompolitical and tech - analyzes andopportuni theconstraints own developmentdynamics, andwhich thatcies inspecificterritories have their poli- integral for theimplementation of motes inter-institutionalrelationships implementing, whichpro- A new way of - , financedby theInternation - 7 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 LARGE-SCALE IMPACTS: A new phase in the strategy of policy dialogue through Rural Dialogue Groups

The “Policy Processes for Large-Scale The Rural Dialogue Groups are formed As part of the project, whose results are Impact” (2013-2016) project provides within 10 and 30 influential people from presented in this report, a new element continuity to the job that is been made various sectors of government, civil so- was included to support the work of by the policy dialogue initiated by Rim- ciety, academia, private enterprise and so- the RDGs. This was a fund to support isp, the Latin American Center for Ru- cial organizations who share a common technical assistance, which would enable ral Development, as part of an earlier interest in ensuring that policies and the groups to contribute directly to the project called “Knowledge for Change in institutions create an environment bet- design of legislations drafts, new pub- Rural Poverty and Development” (2010- ter able to help the rural poor overcome lic programs or institutional redesigns 2013); both are supported with funding poverty. Each RDG defines its own work that would enable the rural population from the International Fund for Agri- agenda, taking into account the priorities to overcome poverty. In this phase, the cultural Development (IFAD). that the group considers strategic for groups were also expanded, establish- solving problems of rural poverty, but ing a more direct relationship with the The project’s purpose is to contribute paying attention to opportunities offered rural population through the inclusion to the improvement of national and by the local situation and the national de- of representative social organizations as sub-national strategies, policies and in- velopment policy agenda. active members of the RDGs. Work was vestment for overcoming rural poverty also done to develop closer collaboration in Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador and That agenda, as well as the formation of between the RDGs and the IFAD teams Mexico. The main strategy for achiev- the central core group of members of in the country (See box: “Strengthening ing this goal has been the formation of the RDGs, date back to the end of 2010, ties with IFAD” in next page). Rural Dialogue Groups (RDGs), which when the groups conducted a series of promote policy dialogue, policy analysis studies and assessments and established and technical assistance to governments their legitimacy with the public entities for decision making. with which they would engage. During their initial years of work, the RDGs made significant contributions to na- tional public policies.

8 Large-scale Impacts,withafocuson: of more in-depth high-level morein-depth dialogue. of the“Rural Awakening” project (loan 828-SV),which consisted objective of one 849-EC). InElSalvador, theRDG directly achievement supported of the“Living Well inRural Territories” project (loan rectly inthedesign of policy dialogue were used di- ductive Territories. In Ecuador, the results of a new Pro- productive inclusion program, workedpartners onthedesign of with IFAD,assistance to governments; in partnership Rimisp and its local withproviding for technical toexperiment beginning opportunities tion of thenew COSOP, as well as inthecrea ded analysis during preparation of this collaboration include: in Mexico, the RDGprovi - of Specific examples to promoteand increase IFAD’s participation intheRDGs’workdynamic. thecountries, were efforts madeTo helpstrengthen IFAD’s workineach of STRENGTHENING TIESWITH IFAD Mérida and Guadalajara, Mexico,Mérida and Guadalajara, respectively. the National Forum’s activities withFarmer and BusinessOrganizations in AMSATI MujeresProduciendo enla Tierra, ción Agropecuaria deRL),or and theWomen Association (Asocia Producing ontheLand Agricultural (“Mesa PermanenteBajo Lempa” MESPABAL) deActores delBajo Lempa,” Stakeholders of social platform called the “Permanent Dialogue Groupof theElSalvador RDGinconjunction withthe istheworkof One example theRDGs. civil society as active of members or representatives of and/ small-scale producers inincorporating organizationsmade progress of Responding stakeholders, totheneedinclude diverse territorial theRDGs INCLUSION INDIALOGUE Cooperative Associations inElSalvador. Law theGeneral of for gender mainstreaming intheProposal for Reforms of Women Cooperative members Colombia; and theTerritorial Consultation of for Launching TerritorialEcuador; support Innovation SystemsinBoyacá, Livestock, Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries(MAGAP) in of nistry theMi- Examples include technical assistance totheInnovation Office of overcoming poverty. rural policies toachieve impacts in greater innovation processes ortheredesign of governments directlyThrough thismechanism, theproject supported with SUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO NATIONAL OR - - 9 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Four specific contexts and a series of common elements

Various factors help • Informed Dialogue. The RDGs conduct studies and analysis of policies, and their conclusions generate knowledge and contribute to discussion of rural policies, so explain the conditions that the dialogue agenda that the groups promote is an evidence-based agenda.

that make the RDGs’ • Independence. In Latin America, when stakeholders who participate in the de- sign and formulation of public policy converge, it tends to be at the invitation work possible and of governments, to address problems related to current events. The RDGs stand out because of their autonomy from the administration in office at any given successful. Each exists, time, and because they address structural issues related to rural poverty. • Highly qualified, committed participants. The RDGs establish strategic rela- to a greater or lesser tionships with “key stakeholders” by including them in the group, involving them in discussions or establishing direct communication with them. extent, in each of the • Flexibility and strategy. Constant review of the state of the rural sector in four groups and their the countries, and having flexible strategies attentive to opportunities that arise, have a positive impact on the results of the RDGs’ advocacy work. work strategies. • Leadership. The RDGs are headed by national leaders who are well known in the field of rural development. Their members also have significant political capital, helping to ensure that the groups are broad based, pluralistic and highly qualified.

• Territorial development. “Working on rural issues beyond the purely agricultural “ is one of the key characteristics of the RDGs. As a result, their public policy proposals are multi-sectoral and contribute to a more comprehensive approach to problems affecting the rural population, especially the most impoverished.

CROSS-CUTTING RESULTS: The program as a platform for knowledge management and for interconnecting stakeholders for advocacy Each RDG has developed concrete con- various ways, reflecting the ongoing tributions to public policies in its coun- consolidation of the policy dialogue try (See sectios: “Contribution to changes strategies as an effective mechanism in policies for overcoming rural poverty”, in for influencing development agendas page 12). But the program’s results go in the region. beyond the groups’ specific dynamics in

10 advocacy results A methodformonitoringandevaluating tions for reaching them; c) determining tions for reaching them; c) determining associateders with the objectives and ac to achieve it;b)mapping the stakehold- implemented by thegroups the strategy taken: a) establishing theobjective and The following methodological were steps processes (Rimisp, 2014). three areas: stakeholders, policies and tribution; and ii)theeffects may fall into attribution and con- of different degrees thereforeparticipate, have and programs al chain inwhich various stakeholders a caus- advocacy of are part impacts of method was based ontwopremises:i)the was designed and tested;this linkages” An evaluation methodcalled “advocacy lessonslearned. as well as extracting itsprocesses and results, evaluation of challenge withregard tomonitoring and poseda the program Implementation of producers.for small and mid-size rural and capabilities opportunities creation of lic investment areas linked inrural tothe rity, access toland and markets, and pub- food secu- help tohighlight theissuesof (Colombia, Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia), to la, Costa Rica) and theAndean Region Salvador, Panama, Nicaragua, Guatema level regional America (El inCentral advocacyto testa regional modelat the tablished between Oxfam andRimisp was es- In 2012, a strategic partnership theregion. areasof solutions inrural forneeded reshape thepolicies lasting and coulddiscuss sectors ernmental fromgovernment andnon-govholders - selectedstake- of ues inwhich groups establishingven - especially of theidea proposed by the program, methodology cy processes, interestinthe to express organizationadvocain withexperience levelOXFAMled GB, aninternational at The RDGs’experience thenational policy dialogue New projectsthatscaleup - - - n icsino differentpositions. and discussion of seriousconsideration which guarantees ideas, by and legitimate trust sharing of a venue characterized and thecreation of problems and sector-related frameworks; and theability toanalyze both:particular key proposals well-grounded sectors; of decision makers orwithrepresentatives decision making, witha direct channel to intostrategic spaces,sertion whetherfor theRDGs;in- of members diversity of were key for advocacy. Theyincludethe about that themechanisms and factors notes sixlearning resulting ina total of were based onthismethod, the program The intermediate and final evaluations of theresults. achievement of theireffectivenessunderstanding and the thatmechanisms and factors are key for results achieved; and d)describing the objectives and the the achievement of holder forum. ing themselves multi-stake as a neutral, - development, andrural validatfarming - thesespaces around family creation of have groups regional facilitated the and reach agreements.periences The - governmentscan shareex entities and which non-governmentalgroups acteristics, have provenin to beafield countries withcommon char different venues,The sub-regional which include ing family inLatin farming America. change, withan emphasis onstrengthen- food security and adaptation toclimate strategies related development, torural ing discussion and theformulation of through policy dialogue,holders promot- to connect national stake and regional - Regional Rural Dialogue Groupswork ican Advocacy Groupwere The formed. Amer- the Andean Zoneand theCentral the Regional Rural Dialogue Group of thispartnership, in2013 As a resultof - proposed by theprogram. interest inthemethodology processes, to express with experience inadvocacy international organization RDGs ledOXFAM GB,an The experience ofthe mato plc naeet” engagement.” policy impact of zed by IFAD inRome, called “Assessing the event organi and learning an exchange - The methodwas disseminated in2015 role withinstitutionaldecisionmakers. andplayingsupport viding amediation NGOs andproducerorganizations, pro- and coalitions, groups, trade including social stakeholders from various groups mental stakeholders, bringingtogether oninvolvinging itsefforts non-govern - (CAC,integration ECADERT), focus- tutional venuesfor American Central has focused onconnecting withinsti- America, the AdvocacyCentral Group as CAN and REAF-MERCOSUR. In gional inter-governmental bodiessuch sub-re- in insertion tries andseeking inthecoun Agriculture of Ministries tional emphasis, connectedwiththe advocacy group’s hashadaninstitu- sub-regions. IntheAndeanzone, the the el reflects thediverse dynamics of The Regionaldialogue Groups’ mod- - 11 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016

Contribution to changes in policies for overcoming rural poverty

After nearly six years of uninterrupt- The RDGs make it possible to intercon- ed work, the Rural Dialogue Groups nect people interested in rural devel- have made significant progress toward opment, networking strategic people more just and inclusive countries. The such as political, academic and social groups have contributed to changes in leaders and international cooperation national and sub-national policies for agencies. Initial effects can be seen in overcoming poverty in Colombia, Ec- these groups, as the sharing of views uador, El Salvador and Mexico. and learnings in meetings and group activities helps people from different In the four countries where they op- disciplines and different organizations erate, the RDGs have helped to place internalize concepts and common ap- concern for the rural population on proaches that they take with them to the agenda, especially the most impov- the various spheres in which they work, erished ones. They have made a signif- expanding the radius of influence of icant contribution to create networks each group’s proposals. of stakeholders interested in rural is- sues and to promoting change in the The RDGs have also contributed, to way institutions address socio-eco- varying degrees, to changes in practices nomic problems. They have expanded more or less rooted in processes for de- public policy networks, incorporat- veloping public policy, including more ing groups who usually are excluded stakeholders and contributing, as a result, (small producers, rural organizations); to a more participatory dynamic. This is they have helped strengthen the cul- especially evident in Ecuador and El Sal- ture of informed dialogue among di- vador, where the RDGs have operated as verse influential groups, with studies advisory forums channeling the opinions and analysis that serve as the basis of of a broad set of private, academic and discussion; and they have influenced a non-governmental stakeholders to the series of policies targeting the rural government. In all cases, however, with population, some of which are already their different work dynamics, the groups being implemented. have contributed to the strengthening of a culture of policy dialogue.

12 Public policyPublic advocacy by Rural DialogueGroups México El Salvador Colombia Ecuador GDR • BANECUADOR (Rural andMarginalUrbanDevelopment Bank). • ThecacaoandcoffeeMinga (MAGAP). • Plansfor EnhancingCompetitiveness andValue Chains(MAGAP, MIPRO, MCEandMAE). STRATEGIES, POLICIES,PROGRAMS,LAWS • Ministry of Agriculture andLivestock (MAG). Climate Agriculture ChangeStrategy of • Ministry • National Climate ChangePolicy andEcosystem Restoration (MARN). Program • National Food SecurityandNutritionPolicy andSANLaw (CONASAN). Atlantic region). innovation (Government of intheAtlanticregion • Territorial systemof • PDRIETandDevelopment PlanswithTerritorial Approach(PDET). • National Development Planfor 2014-2018(DNP). • Missionfor Rural Transformation (MisiónRural, DNP). • Proposal for Fund/Program for InterconnectingSocialandProductive• Proposalfor Fund/Program IssuesinRural Areas. for (SAGARPA). SmallProducers Support of • Program • PROSPERA andProductive Territories (SEDESOL). Program in rural areas overin rural a 20-year period,as aimed ategies modifying the situation tional SeedPlan inEcuador, tostrat - visible results, such as MAGAP’s Na with specific program from a very extents,ferent scales and tovarying public policies ineach country, at dif- Finally, theRDGshave influenced - feedback about government measures. to make proposals andalso to provide cooperation agencies) international of (social, academic,holders technical staff tional advocacy system, enabling stake- Dialogue Groupshavea bidirec- formed Colombia. TheRuralin has proposed the Missionfor Rural Transformation 13 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 México: Interconnecting social and productive policies for rural development

The Mexico RDG consists of stakehold- of Canada also collaborated. This “[The RDG] has made it ers from various institutions, including coincided with the transition from government leaders, senators, deputies, the OPORTUNIDADES program to possible to conduct an leaders of rural social and farmer orga- PROSPERA, with the incorporation nizations, directors of NGOs, academics of the idea of productive inclusion. assessment that shows that and intellectuals. Among them are the National Autonomous University of The program that was designed, and large-scale farmers are Mexico (UNAM); the University Pro- which is now being implemented by gram of Studies for Development (Pro- SEDESOL, benefits 2 million people in given a great deal with few grama Universitario de Estudios para 17 territories in five states. The PTP el Desarrollo, PUED) and its School explicitly interconnects social policy of Economics; the Secretariat of Agri- and a productive component, enabling requirements, while small culture, Livestock, Rural Development, beneficiaries to strengthen their pro- Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA), the duction skills and increase their income farmers are given little and Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (agricultural and non-agricultural) by (SHCP); the Secretariat of Social Devel- facilitating access to credit and to pro- have to meet a long list of opment (SEDESOL); and the Secretariat ductive development programs offered of Agrarian, Territorial and Urban De- by various government agencies. The requirements; there are also velopment (SEDATU). RDG has gained a reputation as an ad- visory group and a forum for dialogue many programs that do the In 2012, the Mexico RDG published a about the progress of the Productive series of long-range policy proposals, Territories Program. same things for the same which included a social pact for rural competitiveness and growth, employ- Besides this Program, the RDG has people, and that should be ment and productivity, equity and sus- contributed to the analysis and the de- tainability. It was based on recognition sign of broader public policy propos- (Adviser to the of the heterogeneous and multidimen- als. In 2014, the RDG’s technical team addressed” sional nature of poverty, as well as its established four working groups: So- unequal territorial distribution in the cial Protection, Human Rights, Budget head of SEDATU, former country, where rural sectors lag most. and Institutional Design, and Agricul- The administration used these mate- tural and Food Markets. The working adviser to SEDESOL). rials in the development of policies groups produced updated assessments for rural areas. The Mexican govern- in these areas, which are key for rural ment invited the International Fund development in Mexico, and formulat- for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ed proposals, with varying degrees of and Rimisp to work together on the acceptance by policy makers in those design of the Productive Territories areas. One noteworthy proposal relat- Program (PTP), providing technical ed to the RDG’s activities, which was assistance in which the International Development Research Centre (IDRC)

1To date, investment associated in the Productive Territories Program has totaled USD 8 million.

14 addressing them, the group also ana- addressing them, the group as well as theRDG’sproposals for the main problems and constraints, tive development. Besidesexamining produc policy and policiesfor rural ious government to link social efforts rial and income-based), as well as var- - inequality (multidimensional, territo poverty urban andrural and sions of analysis dimen- presents thecurrent interconnections among sectors. That clusion and difficulties inestablishing productive- ex policy, thecauses of government’sthe federal new social productive aspects of mentation of RDGanalyzedthe Mexico theimple- cial and productive inclusion. In2016, so- unquestionably beeninthearea of main contribution hasThe group’s ingovernmentwith acceptance circles. cussed during RDGsessionand met were demands that were widely dis- Prospera labor inclusion approach of totheproductiveOportunidades and program ed conditional cash transfer and theshiftfromsocially orient- food markets, agricultural uation of agency,ican anti-trust about thesit- - Competition Commission,theMex theFederal Economic of report first the budget for 2016. Preparation of nationalincluded in2015thedraft for (S266), which was small producers support isp, involved of a program incollaborationprepared withRim- - aiyfrigo various products. family of farming chains that and smallproducers include nizations involved inmarket nicheswith and businessture, orga including rural - agricul key stakeholders inthearea of discussed intwo dialogue forumswith bydrafted theRDGcore group, were theproposal, versionsof Preliminary based onlessonslearned. scaling up thePTPpilotexperience, forposal isdesigned thenational level, calendars, among other things. Thepro- operating and budget rules programs’ ering critical bottlenecks related tothe inthesocial publicarea, consid- support does,pera as a tool for interconnecting related to production, as Pros grams togetheraims topull various public pro- population.nerable rural This initiative necting productive policiesfor the vul- for intercon- posal for a Fund/Program to This assessmentled a concrete pro- development. rural ing integral Productive Territories instimulat- of against Hunger and thePilotProgram theNational Crusade and therolesof program, Oportunidades/Prospera theProgresa/ lyzed theevolution of - - 15 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Colombia: Peace and rural development dialogues with a territorial approach

The Colombia Dialogue Group con- leadership council, and the RDG sup- “… it all began with a sists of a stable base of about 12 ported its work in various thematic members, with others who attend areas. One notable achievement was presentation that was made sporadically. The stable members in- approval of the Program of integral clude respected professionals from rural development with a territorial of the National Development multilateral bodies (the Economic approach, developed by Rimisp with Commission for Latin America and contributions from the RDG. Other the Caribbean—ECLAC, the United areas in which members of the Colom- Plan (PND) for 2010-2014, Nations Development Program— bia RDG made substantial contribu- UNDP; and the World Bank), repre- tions were strategies for social inclu- when [RDG member] Absalón sentatives of business organizations sion; productive inclusion and family and the private sector (the Associa- agriculture; and science, technology Machado made some critical tion of Sugar Cane Growers—ASO- and innovation. CAÑA; and the National Federation comments. Some concepts of Palm Growers—FEDEPALMA), The group’s work with the DNP also and academics (Javeriana University crystallized in significant contribu- were put on the table, and and National University). tions to the formulation of the Na- tional Development Plan for 2014- there was a direct impact on RDG Colombia has concentrated on 2018, basically in Chapter III, Rural influencing post-conflict rural devel- Transformation, which includes two the PND for 2014-2018, with a opment strategies, in the context of issues discussed repeatedly by the negotiations between the government RDG: (i) closing urban-rural gaps and better-thought-out territorial and the FARC. After the 2013 farmer laying the groundwork for social mo- strikes, in early 2014 the Mission for bility by providing public goods and Rural Transformation (known as the social services that support the human approach. It was a context in “Rural Mission”) was established in development of rural dwellers, and Colombia to propose long-range pub- (ii) accelerating the exit from poverty which a vice ministry for rural lic policies and instruments for rural and the expansion of the rural middle and agricultural development to con- class through emphasis on the produc- development was created and tribute to the transformation of the tive inclusion of small farmers. rural sector over the next two decades. people began talking about Some members of the RDG, including its technical secretary, Santiago Perry, connecting productive and participated actively in the Mission’s social aspects” (members of

Colombia RDG).

16 and otherissues. titles, water scarcity, climate change small farmers, seedimprovement, land related totechnological investment for tial inshaping public opinionontopics inLa Silla Ruralmembers was influen- RDG bate. Theactive participation of whopromotehigh-level de- experts a network of medium consisting of Chair”) La Silla Vacía (“The Empty of was part (“The Rural Chair”) communication platform, La Silla Rural a virtual facilitated thecreation of development,ral theColombia RDG To influence public opinionabout- ru approach forwith a territorial theregion. development rural sensus-based vision of consolidation, theRDGdeveloped a con- was divided.During its which theregion shops were into heldinthe21sub-regions Pública,ministración ESAP), 22 work- Administration (Escuela Superior de Ad- Public work, co-financed by theSchool of this of lombia’s Caribbean As part region. approach inCo- witha territorial strategy development guidelines for a rural tion of RDG stoodoutfor itsworkonformula dialogue groups. The Caribbean Region threelocal also included theformation of for dialogue inColombia The strategy , a Colombian communications , an initiative that - three science and technology entities.three science and technology and theAtlantic region, petitiveness of Commerce, theCommissionfor Com- the PBA Corporation,theChamber of sistance (UMATAs), SENA, Corpoica, TechnicalUnits for Agricultural As- sixMunicipal adela andAsohofrucol), sities, twobusiness associations (Asi- community organizations, five univer - stakeholders, including ninegrassroots STI was alsoestablished withdiverse were intheSTI.An trained Agriculture BusinessDevelopment and retariats of Economic Development’s sub-sec of government’sthe regional Secretariat of Through this initiative,region. staff theAtlantic of territory the southern anism for stimulating development in as a mech- opment plans and programs in devel- the STI strategy inclusion of and theprivate sector, wholobbied for authorities,regional public institutions participating intheprocess, local and and helpedinterconnect stakeholders Economic Development Secretariat of government’s theregional of with staff for theSpanish initials). Thiswas done innovationterritorial systems(STI, forodological thecreation support of toprovideregion technical and meth- with thegovernment intheAtlantic The Colombia RDGworked directly - MDR Colombia, 2015). MDR Colombia, 2015). minister ofrural development, work withother sectors” (vice encourages thevice ministry to of anintegral approach and input that enrichestheconcept approach. The group provides but alsoimpliesanintegral credit andtechnical assistance, public goods;it’s not just than agriculture. Italsoimplies development involves more policies, andthefact that rural empowerment, integral rural differences, grassroots the Rural Mission, focus on from SantiagoPerry and discussion, withproposals “The group’s topics for 17 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Ecuador: Value chains, financing for agriculture and rural education

The Ecuador RDG is made up of be- In the area of associativity, the RDG tween 30 and 40 people, including mem- facilitated coordination between bers of the academic world; leaders of MAGAP and small rural producers to producer associations, agroindustry build potential partnerships between and agro-export groups, and NGOs; small producers and supermarkets. public-sector delegates; representative The group also has promoted associa- of cooperation agencies and others. tivity through technical assistance to MAGAP to systematize the manage- Through policy dialogue in forums ment model of public-private part- alternating between Quito (High- nerships in the Seed Plan, the Fund land Region) and Guayaquil (Coast- for Value Chain Integration (FICA), al Region), the Ecuador RDG began and tools that have achieved concrete, by identifying the areas of greatest inclusive, sustainable results. These rural poverty, for territorial target- models can be replicated in various ing of public projects, as well as the critical areas, such as financing, com- macro-policy for changing the coun- mercialization, and infrastructure to try’s productive matrix with regard support production and the transfer to agro-industry and the role of fam- of technology to drive greater eco- ily agriculture. That was followed by nomic inclusion of small producers dialogues focusing on topics such as in different chains while responding innovation, financing, associativity to the sector’s underlying objectives. and education, in an effort to design The RDG also conducted a study of alternatives for sustainably overcom- associative models in Ecuadorian ag- ing rural poverty. riculture, ranging from traditional associations to rural associative en- In innovation, the RDG promoted the terprises, as well as contexts, success positioning of mechanisms for the factors and lessons learned. transfer of technology in Ecuadorian agriculture. It has also promoted and One of the most important problems helped consolidate Plans for Improv- addressed by the Ecuador RDG is the ing Competitiveness (PMCs) as one lack of financing for small producers. of the key policies of MAGAP. The The group proposed the establish- PMCs are a participatory tool aimed at ment of a new Rural Development increasing productivity and commer- Bank and prepared two programs for cialization in value chains, which gen- in-depth technical assistance on al- erally include the use of technologi- ternative mechanisms for financing in cal packages and technical assistance rural Ecuador and models of financ- in the field. They have been adopted ing for rural savings and loan cooper- in the main chains, including yellow atives. The RDG’s proposal for trans- corn, rice, bananas, oil palm, plantains, forming the old BNF into Banecuador mangoes, passion fruit and quinoa. As to improve access to rural and agri- part of these value-chain strategies, cultural loans was accepted and im- the Seed Plan has been implemented plemented by the government. This for high yield of yellow corn and rice, was a key part of the group’s work, significantly improving productivity. in conjunction with MAGAP and the recently created Banecuador.

18 Seed Planfor Corn). Coordinator ofNational (MAGAP adviser, factors to beleveraged” business cycles were key that commercialization and discussions that showed Seed Plan,there were example, withtheNational move aheadonissues. For It makes itpossible to “The RDGisatrigger. gogical process. TheEcuador RDGcon- thepeda world,and quality of the rural coverage, content relevant to of in terms education gaps, to betheelimination of sector continues be addressed intherural challenges to themostcomplex One of Solidarity and for social banking. of EconomyGrassroots and Economy theSuperintendentof the Office of through a meeting organized by savings and loan cooperatives,rural for Banecuador for support mentary livestock production, such as comple- dations and for financing agricultural The RDGalsoworked onrecommen- - field of agriculture. agriculture. field of inthe leaders of and needs the demands adaptedto which proposesacurriculum Leaders, Agro Formation of icate of - a Certif of Network for thegranting Formation Leadership the Agricultural schools. a proposal for It also prepared technical andagricultural producers education, with interviews including comparison in tourban as inequalities education, aswellrural in deficiencies and thestate of ducted an assessment of 19 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 El Salvador: Rural territorial development policies to address climate change

The El Salvador RDG consists of be- The group worked directly with the tween 20 and 30 representatives of Ministry of the Environment and various entities involved in rural and Natural Resources (MARN) on pro- environmental issues, including uni- jects to support implementation of the versities (UES, UCA), international National Climate Change Policy and bodies (UNDP, IICA), civil society the Ecosystem Restoration Program, organizations (AMSATI, CONFRAS) in strategies for biodiversity and cli- and government (STP, MARN, MAG). mate change, promoting the trans- formation of agricultural practices. The El Salvador group has focused Particularly notable are work with the on policies that link environmental coffee sector and promotion of sus- protection with agricultural develop- tainable agriculture as a new model ment, creating sustainable options for for rural development. The RDG also productive systems within the agenda worked for approval of the draft Food of rural and territorial development and Nutritional Security and Sover- policies. The thematic integration of eignty Law, which was considered by environmental issues with integral the Legislative Assembly’s Agricul- rural development stems from the ture commission, and it formed the need to respond to unfolding events: Technical Working Group on Soils, climate change has affected harvests which highlighted the importance of (erosion, drought, degraded soils) soil as a key condition for landscape and environmental issues are crucial restoration. This was crucial during for agriculture and food security. The the International Year of Soil (2015), sector most affected is small-scale at a time when the consequences of family agriculture, with a focus on climate change in El Salvador have small producers and consistent em- had a great impact. To strengthen phasis on inclusion. agroecological actions for addressing climate change, the El Salvador RDG

20 producers, has also beenan active and livestock agriculture sociation of Federationsform (CONFRAS), an as- Re- Agrarian by the Confederation of Family Committee, led Agriculture and World Vision). TheNational America, AECID, UN Women, IICA ation organizations (such as OXFAM provided tovarious cooper- support Bajo Lempa, MESPABAL), and of Stakeholders manent Round Table of Bajo Lempa, MOPAO, and thePer- MovementOrganic Agriculture of community organizations (such as the lationships withbothproducer and vador RDGestablished ongoing re- Between 2013 and 2016, the El Sal- to ElSalvador’s Cooperatives Law. strengthen theirproposalfor reforms ación deMujeresCooperativistas) to Cooperatives (Asoci- of en Members Wom- assistance for theAssociation of RL). TheRDGalso provided technical AMSATIProduciendo enla Tierra, de Mujeres (Asociación Agropecuaria Association on theLand Agricultural ia, ISTA) and the Women Producing - Agrar Salvadoreño deTransformación Transformation (Instituto Agrarian Women, theSalvadoran Institutefor Family Committee, UN Agriculture al organizations, such as theNational nationparticipate inotherimportant - theRDGwhoalso of members sists of Rural Women”. Land and Economic Empowerment of “The Right to Council for the study of the Advisory ample is the formation of areas.- en inrural Oneoutstanding ex wom- work through empowerment of nation gender equityinits tosupport - The RDGalso maintained itsdetermi public investment. ter targetingof contributedroughts), whichwill to bet- affectedby 104municipalities intense of area consisting (ageographic Corridor to food production policiesfor theDry riences, a pilot for approach a territorial - led a study expe to map agroecological This committee con- ing Program inElSalvador.ing Program for IFAD’stem Services Rural Awaken- Compensation for Ecosys- of Programs for implementation thePilot strategy The RDG also developed program. the Climate Change for that Assessment of 2019, and itconducted an Environmental for 2015- Program Opportunities tegic actively involved Stra intheCountry close collaborative tieswithIFAD. Itwas has maintained and deepened The group as IFAD and FAO. theEnvironment, as well of Ministry and Livestock and theAgriculture stakeholders, of such as theMinistry important and gaining therespect of developmentreference onrural issues as a key pointof tee, positioning itself National Family Commit- Agriculture theled various activities tosupport Corridor. American Dry tral Italso dress the drought affecting the Cen - strategies toad- the development of at thenational levels and regional in nated various stakeholders territorial thegroup. TheRDGcoordi- of part - 21 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 IFAD and the incorporation of policy dialogue in Latin America

The experience of the Rural Dialogue In Ecuador, outcomes of policy dialogue Groups has contributed to IFAD’s own were used directly in the design of the strategies in Latin America. First, these “Buen Vivir in Rural Territories Programme” groups, which engage in constant anal- (loan 849-CE). The recent portfolio re- ysis of problems, policies and proposals view in Ecuador stated that “the opportunity related to the situation of the rural pop- for IFAD in Ecuador is to accompany a process ulation, provide IFAD with important that should eventually go nationwide, which is input on national agendas and priority very favorable in Ecuador”. issues, as well as for innovative propos- als for transformation of rural areas. In El Salvador, the RDG is supporting They also include IFAD agents in those the objective of the project financed by countries in dialogue about strategic is- IFAD “Rural Territorial Competitive- sues, in a role other than that of making ness Programme (Amanecer Rural)” ap- loans. The RDGs are recognized as a proved in 2010 (loan 828-SV) “to deepen platform that provides input and raises high-level national dialogue” and, as a the quality of interlocution. consequence, facilitate greater impact of IFAD operations. The RDG developed The RDGs have helped the Country the implementation strategy for that Strategic Opportunities Programs program’s Pilot Programs of Compen- (COSOP) incorporate policy dialogue, sation for Ecosystem Services. In 2014, and in some cases they have collaborat- the RDG participated in the develop- ed directly in the development of IFAD ment of the COSOP and conducted the strategies. In Mexico, the RDG contrib- Environmental Evaluation of Climate uted analysis and policy dialogue dur- Change for COSOP 2015-2016. This in- ing preparation of COSOP 2013-2018. cludes funds for policy dialogue. With IFAD, it also began to experiment with a new form of advocacy: technical assistance provided directly to govern- ments. In partnership with IFAD, Rim- isp and its local partners, it worked on the design of the Productive Territories program. IFAD was able to establish a fruitful relationship with SEDESOL (Rural Productive Inclusion Project, loan agreement 200000139900), paving the way for collaboration with insti- tutions other than IFAD’s traditional partners in the country (as part of an understanding of the rural world that goes beyond agriculture).

22 23 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Interview Joaquín Lozano Director for Latin America and the Caribbean of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).

To analyze and understand ¿How do you believe the project has tracts that facilitate an inclusive and contributed to the IFAD agenda in Latin sustainable rural transformation, which the value that IFAD places America in general and in the four coun- leaves no one behind and which respects tries where the project is implemented the environment, a transformation that on the Large-Scale Impacts in particular? yields benefits not only for small famers, although obviously they are at the heart project, we interviewed Implementation of the RDGs has of- of it, but for all of society. Joaquín Lozano, director fered IFAD the possibility of maintain- ing ongoing dialogue with stakeholders To help forge these new social contracts, of the Latin America and in the rural world, both those who are it is necessary to know the viewpoints directly involved in the projects that of all parties involved. That is where Caribbean Division of the we finance and those who are not. Al- programs like the RDGs come in, pro- though the RDGs are currently imple- viding us with a platform and a mirror International Fund for mented in a certain number of coun- where we can contrast and clarify our Agricultural Development tries, the platform and methodology ideas, reinforcing and refining those have already yielded results that can be that are valid and discarding those that (IFAD). Lozano previously scaled up, and similar initiatives could do not meet the needs of rural people, be explored in other countries. those that are out of step with reality. was IFAD representative and This type of dialogue is essential. It ¿How do you believe that Rimisp contributes program manager for Central is crucial for us. It enables us to stay to Latin American rural development, and America and was based in abreast of what stakeholders in the what do you consider is the main contribution rural world think and feel. Based on of the Rural Dialogue Groups (RDGs) in the Guatemala for three years. He that, we can work to have a construc- countries where they are implemented? tive impact on public policies related has also held positions in the to rural development. I will begin with the second part of the question. Complementing my previous Inter-American Development Worldwide, but especially in Latin response, I believe that the activity of Bank and the Mexican America, a region whose countries are the RDGs in Colombia, Ecuador, El Sal- characterized by being middle income, vador and Mexico it is a perfect exam- government. He holds a with public institutions that are fairly ple of the RDGs as places for gathering well established, but whose design must information and as a forum for dialogue licentiate in economics from still be improved to provide the services that forges consensus. That is why the needed by citizens in general and small four RDGs have made significant prog- ITESM-Mexico and a PhD in farmers in particular, IFAD believes ress in bringing about the rural trans- that, more than being a funder, it is a formation of which we were speaking. political economics from the strategic partner of governments. IFAD London School of Economics. is a partner that, through dialogue and In Colombia, the RDG has played a key openness to innovation, promotes new role in establishing the objectives of the ideas and approaches. Mission for Rural Transformation, or Rural Mission, as it is popularly known. This innovation sometimes takes the The Rural Mission is the mechanism form of concrete technological solu- established by the government to devel- tions, but the idea is to go further. The op a vision for rural Colombia once the intention is to promote new social con- long-desired end of the conflict comes.

24 American countries have oftenneglect velopment on the public agenda. Latin for anyone de- seeking to place rural these 30years, ithas been a guidepost years afterits founding. Throughout developmentthat operatingstill is 30 to studying about andthinking rural Latintanks dedicatedAmerican think thefew purely It is oneof and iscrucial. contributiontion, RIMISP’s has been theques of part Going back to the first fromproduction. exclusion with specialattention to the causes of government’snew federal social policy, the ing theproductiveof dimension Finally, in Mexico, the RDGisanalyz - them available toSalvadoran society. initiativesping agroecological to make climate change. It is also map- effects of the for adaptation toandmitigation of livestock practices, promoting measures and agriculture and diversification of which should leadto the transformation in theNational Climate Change Policy, actions defined the implementation of In ElSalvador, theRDGispromoting als for improving it. attention education to rural andpropos development, rural withspecial view of that analysisforthe need is abroader the government. Themaindriver of by policiesimplemented in thewake of situation in the Ecuadorian countryside thecurrent comprehensive analysis of In Ecuador, theRDGisconducting a areas.are related torural that ming fromthepeaceagreements theagenda stem- of theparts to fruition sue, anditcontinuesto work to bring the government’s decisionsonthat is- But that’sclosely notall.Itis following - - - viewpoints possible”. view thesituation that itseeks to transform from asmany hearts andmindsof itsprotagonists. That meansitmust “Any development effort must beginby winningthe who interact inrural areas of Latin Americacanmeet“ “It isessential to have forums where various stakeholders of many rural development many rural projects. Every of approach haveary ledin thepast tothefailure an interdisciplin- Tunnel visionand a lack of can beconsidered froma single standpoint. which thedynamics are especially complex, and especially development, noneinrural in they promoteisessential. Nosocial situation, I believe that approach that theinter-sectoral and engage indialogue. Latin America can meet areas of act inrural where variousrums stakeholders who inter- todoso.is important Itisessential tohave fo- The RDGscan definitely bereplicated, and it IFAD share that approach? policy? Does approach torural ter-sectoral in- theRDGs’integrated, opinion of and whatcountries intheregion, isyour RDG modelcan bereplicated inother ¿To what do you extent believe that the whichwe were speaking. tion of to make- possible that transforma rural and proposespoliticaldecisions future matters.practical Italways looksto the Latin America, without losing sight of orFamilyand Inequality in Agriculture the Latin AmericanReport onPoverty to conduct essential research, such as and practice. It knows howbine theory organization, because it is able to com vital. Wewith the a close kinship feel historical. remains freshand Rimisp contributionBut Rimisp’s isnot only can dowithout. other region eas that neitherLatin America norany ar- approaches and solutionsfor rural main alive, seeking and proposing new tion toensuring that issuesre- rural Rimisp has made a decisive contribu- have forgotten about themcompletely. institutions such as Rimisp, theywould itweren’t for ed their rural areas, and if - for a long timeto come. ration between us, which surely will continue made possible thisclose and lasting collabo - thisessential, foundational fact iswhat has of thatunderstanding IFAD and Rimisphave as many standpoints possible. Theshared the situation that from itseekstotransform itsprotagonists. That means itmustview of and minds bymust begin winning thehearts To betruly effective, any development effort African decendents. of indigenous peoplesorcommunities styles of project that doesn’trespectthebeliefsand life- intwoyears.exhausted Ora development ductivity by 100%,but which leaves theland ing a development project that increases pro- For there’snopointinimplement- example, accomplishments. Ithas to do withculture. ical, social and institutional possibilitiesand involved,holders and mustbalance ecolog mustconsider thevariousor regional, stake- development whetherlocal, national effort, - 25 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 The Series of Latin American Poverty and Inequality Reports

The Latin American Poverty and In- The second edition, in 2013, analyzed equality Report is a biennial publica- those socioeconomic gaps over time; tion by Rimisp, the Latin American the study included an additional di- Center for Rural Development, which mension, the unequal territorial distri- began in 2011 as a contribution to the bution of opportunities for access to discussion of poverty and inequality quality employment. from the standpoint of territorial in- equality, one of the least-addressed The third edition, in 2015, continues aspects of the problem and one that with the analysis of the evolution of has a particularly strong impact on territorial gaps, this time adding a Ter- rural sectors of Latin America. ritorial Equity Index, which measures the gaps between territories in each It seeks to promote discussion of key as- of the ten countries included in the pects affecting territories that find it most study: Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, difficult to grow while reducing poverty Nicaragua, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, and inequality. The report receives finan- Peru, Bolivia and Chile. This time, the cial support from the International Fund analysis takes an in-depth look at gen- for Agricultural Development (IFAD) der inequality, especially individual and and the International Development Re- territorial opportunities for women’s search Centre (IDRC) of Canada. economic autonomy.

The first edition of the report, revealed the existence of serious territorial gaps in the areas of health, education, citizen security, income, economic dynamism and gender equality, while analyzing their impact on possible development inequalities in the territories.

26 etg fyoung peopleundertheage centage of haveand, toa lesserextent, a larger per- indigenous orAfro-descendent groups, individuals from a larger percentage of population, have morerural, of in terms theytendtobesmaller characteristics: Lagging tendtohave territories common all areas. inhabitants of are notdistributed equitably among the socio-economic indicators in a country’s inequalities. The average improvements each country, as theyconceal territorial exclusively at theaggregate resultsin should notbeoversimplified by looking recommends that public policy analysis ican Reports onPoverty and Inequality Latin Amer- this evidence, theseriesof Based on intheregion. in each country those that have progress made greater ences between that territories lag and national averages differ- conceal great thesedimensions, der equality. Inall of nomic activity, citizen security and gen- areas as diverse as health, education, eco- income, but also in not only of interms Inequality inLatin America isexpressed for peopleandhouseholds. income ucation); andtheavailability of ment inhumancapital (health anded- namism andeconomic activity; invest- processes. dy- They are: the territory’s social policies to developmentinclusion and economic growth contribution of reflect thecombined theindex tion of - construc in considered The dimensions orlive. born on theplace where theirinhabitants are life, based cess toanadequateof quality have development for personal and ac American householdsandcommunities that theopportunities Latinexplaining that dimensions arekey for of a series a givenin tweenterritories country, in thetic indicator that measures gaps be- The Territorial isa syn- Equity Index Territorial EquityIndex Evolution ofTrends - is an incipient decrease insub-national results have beenimproving, and there shows that, averagereport ingeneral, Analyzing theindicators over time, the and highly populated. where theplaces that lag tendtobeurban citizen security and income inequality, are theareas of 15.Theexceptions of Source: Latin American Report on Poverty andInequality2015, Gender andTerritory. Guatemala Brazil Colombia Nicaragua Ecuador Peru Mexico Chile El Salvador Bolivia Equitable 0.02 0.04 ModeratelyInequitable 0.06 rimisp.org/redatam/). DATE, Rimisp’sdata portal indicators isavailable at The database of gaps.reductions interritorial this has beenaccompanied by significant only indicators and countries incertain ly seeninhealth and education, although gaps.territorial Thesetrendsare main- 0.08 0.10 Highly Inequitable

0.12 (http://date. 0.14 27 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 LATIN AMERICAN REPORT 2013 – QUALITY EMPLOYMENT AND TERRITORY

The place where people are born ment conditions is therefore a priority and where there is more social dia- and where they live strongly deter- on development agendas worldwide. It logue (more unionization, more ven- mines their opportunities for access is also the main focus of this report, ues for tripartite dialogue and collec- to quality employment. Distributed because many of the institutional and tive bargaining). inequitably among territories, the economic determinants of quality em- difficulties that lead to precarious ployment have a clear territorial ele- The report proposes a series of insti- employment are serious obstacles not ment that explains why possibilities for tutional reforms that are necessary to only for those who experience them, obtaining quality employment are dis- ensure that the possibilities of access but also to the equitable development tributed so inequitably within countries. to quality employment for the people of the region’s countries. living in a particular territory do not The report proposes that higher levels depend solely on the characteristics of Well-paid, formalized jobs with social of quality employment will be found in the economic and productive structure: protection enable societies to advance territories that have a productive struc- in terms of the security and welfare ture with less weight in the primary of their people, while informality is a sector, or where that sector creates more decisive factor in poverty and income productive linkages (with more highly inequality in many countries (ILO, productive sectors), where high-quality 2013). Reducing high rates of labor public policies are implemented (to pro- informality and precarious employ- mote economic and social development)

1 Reforms that tend to modify the productive structure 4 Supporting policies specific to the territories that lag of low-productivity sectors and territories, including most, to gradually reduce existing gaps in quality of development policies and policies that promote employment and other socio-economic indicators. It economic activity, which help diversify the productive is important to have information systems that allow structure or create linkages between low- and high- periodic assessment of the evolution of territorial gaps. productivity sectors; policies for development of human capital, which help improve workers’ skills 5 Fostering processes to promote social dialogue to increase labor productivity; policies for regulation to seek agreements, from the promotion of labor and oversight of compliance with labor laws. standards that set minimum acceptable conditions to the strengthening of collective bargaining and 2 Reforms in the design and implementation of labor the elimination of anti-union practices. From a and social protection policies, to move away from a territorial standpoint, it is crucial that progress in traditional approach that emphasizes sectoral visions, national legislation and regulations in these areas go programs and budgets, instead of comprehensive hand in hand with territorial development policies approaches to meet the needs of each territory. to strengthen the territories’ social, political and The invitation is to design and implement policies institutional capacities, so that social stakeholders for integral development of territories, which, as a in the territories interact and gradually construct consequence, offer differentiated goods and services means of collective action, at the pace and with the according to the specific conditions of the context in objectives that they value and are able to implement. which they will be implemented.

3 The need to increase local governments’ decision-making power (decentralization) to allow greater adaptation of national policies to local needs, and complement them with specific responses to those needs.

28 4 3 2 knowledge, tasks, practices, assets, they develop different and exercise sothat andsocial groups holders systems organizestake different - forwomen and theterritory. Gender developmentboth for opportunities systems, which can or openup limit tions andagents ismarkedby gender structures, these institu- Each of are presentintheterritory. institutions,informal and agents that the productive and structure, formal specific to the territory,factors such as their capacity for agency, but also with only related withwomen’sassets and ritories, because thisinequality isnot pressed indifferentways intheter- - income and own resources—is ex of Gender inequality—in terms GENDER ANDTERRITORY LATIN AMERICANREPORT 2015 – 1 collective strategies for generating and mobilizingassets. capabilitiespersonal and empower womenthrough for community organizationopportunities todevelop Strengthening and/or contributing tothecreation of among women,bothproductive andpolitical. Strengthening policiesthat associative support work older adults, roads, etc.). care for infants, children and women (availability of work for that costs of tendto decrease opportunity when designingpolicies that in each territory exists public goods andservices the supplyConsidering of andjobskillsdevelopment.training for education,women whendesigningprograms including productiveof and thepossibilities sectors the Taking of into account the characteristics for public policies and programs. womenisthemain challenge teristics of and charac factors territorial analysis of en inthoseterritories. Thisintegrated wom- improving therelative situation of women’s assets and and or expanding better able tocontribute toincreasing predominate diverse are social groups capacity for agency among tribution of women,and a betterdis- of integration cies that tendtofacilitate theeconomic productive economic sectors, public poli- which moredynamic markets withhighly proposes that in territories The report womenandmen. of action of a priorithespheres termining ganizationalthe territory, in forms de- responsibilities, skills, networks and or- 8 7 6 5 traditional genderroles.traditional that go beyond of and reproduction subsistence mere Creatingproductive women’s toolstosupport activities assets, suchaslandandcredit. improvefor women’spossibilities access to economic that sectors specific policiesforDesigning rural special attention socio-demographic. tothe territories’ affecting women(woman,indigenous, poor, etc.), with policies thatDesigning inequalities addresscrossed directing themonly at women(care, genderviolence). systems,actions toaffectgender Orienting rather than - to considerinthisregard are: velopment. Someconcrete measures de- territorial the economic sphereof fordifficult womentoparticipate in thatdynamicsterritories in make it toact on specific it isalsonecessary their access to productive assets, but men,andwhich restrict to those of conditions equal to paidworkunder that barriers limit their entry tural to eliminateis necessary thestruc To empowerwomen economically, it - 29 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Launch and Dissemination of the 2013 and 2015 Reports

To contribute to discussion of Launch of the 2013 Report: cayo, Director of the Pellas Business Center; and Raúl Poveda, General Man- Quality Employment and Territory ager of the Union of Multiple Services public policies for combating The official launch of the report was Cooperatives of the North (UCOSE- MUN R.L.). The report was also pre- poverty and inequality in held in Chile on 5 May 2014, at the of- fice of the International Labor Organi- sented at the Central Bank of Nicara- zation (ILO). The presentation was led gua to technical teams of the bank’s Latin America, the Latin by Ignacia Fernández, principal investi- Economic Division. Rodrigo Urcuyo, gator of Rimisp and coordinator of the head of the central bank’s Economic Re- American Reports on Poverty publication. The panelists commenting search Office, participated in that event. on the results were Federico Burone, and Inequality are presented Regional Director for Latin America “The report proposes that the possibilities and the Caribbean for the International of a territory achieving more or fewer at various public events, Development Research Centre (IDRC) quality jobs is determined by the interaction of Canada; Linda Deleen, ILO Principal of three main factors: first, and frequently academic seminars and Specialist on Small Enterprise and Lo- considered the most influential, is the type cal Economic Development; and Lorena of productive economic structure in the ter- workshops with government Flores, head of the Chilean Ministry of ritory—in other words, the predominance Labor’s Labor Studies Unit. that a particular productive sector has over other sectors”, Juan Fernández noted in teams working on the issues “Employment is crucial for solving the problems his presentation. analyzed in the studies. stemming from poverty and inequality. It is not just a matter of creating jobs, but the kind of Finally, on 11 June 2014, the report was jobs and working conditions. In this 2013 edi- presented in Peru, at the Institute of tion of the study, we focus on analyzing the Peruvian Studies (Instituto de Estudios situation of millions of Latin Americans who Peruanos, IEP). Ignacia Fernández and work in poor conditions, with ill-defined work IEP principal investigator Raúl Hernán- hours, low wages, lack of health and social dez Asensio presented the results. Econ- protection, and loss of labor rights, often relat- omists Miguel Jaramillo, researcher at ed to the expansion of sub-contracting”, Igna- the Analysis Group for Development cia Fernández said at the event. (Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo, GRADE), and José María Rentería, re- On 12 May 2014, the report was present- searcher at IEP, commented on the im- ed in Colombia to the Rural Dialogue plications and scope of the results. Group at an event led by Santiago Perry, technical secretary of the Colombia RDG. Launch of the 2015 Report: Gender and Territory Following that, on 23 May 2014, the re- port was presented in Nicaragua, jointly The official presentation of the report with the Economic and Social Research took place in Bogotá, Colombia, at a Institute (Instituto de Investigaciones seminar at the Javeriana University Económicas y Sociales, INIES) at the on 5 April 2016. The presentation was National Autonomous University of led by Ignacia Fernández, Executive Nicaragua (UNAN) and the Central Director of Rimisp, with comments American Institute for Human Capacity by Joaquín Lozano, Director for Latin Development (Instituto Centroameri- America and the Caribbean of the In- cano para el Desarrollo de Capacidades ternational Fund for Agricultural De- Humanas, IXMATI). The presentation velopment (IFAD); Tatyana Orozco, was made by Juan Fernández, Rimisp Director of Colombia’s Department researcher and assistant coordinator of for Social Prosperity; Merle Faminow, the 2013 edition. It was presented with a panel that included Odell González, Director General of Employment Wage and Productivity Policies; Antonio La-

30 sponsored by the Mexican Senate’ssponsored by theMexican Be- Ongoing the on Inequality Seminar of American Report in Mexico, as part the Latin presented Rimisp rector of On 23May 2016,theExecutive Di- report”, the themainobjectives of scenarios is one of tions aimed at closing in different thesegaps strategies and ac tributing to the design of is Gender. Report the LatinAmerican Con havegaps not closed since earlier editions of dimension in which the only “Unfortunately, Inequality 2015:Genderand Territory. Latin American ReportonPoverty and RimispColombia, presentedthe gator of May, Escobar, Germán principal investi- Caldas between 16 and 18 University of and Challenges,”Progress heldby the Family StudiesinLatin America: of loquium onFamily Studies. Assessment Col- Also inColombia, during the“First rural territories”. in thedevelopment of factors the key thated “associativity is one of Calinot- theJaveriana University of of American territories, whileDr. Muñoz Latin womenin rural powermentof em- of discussed successfulexperiences IFAD At the event, Joaquín Lozano of Cali. ical University of Studies Centerat theJaveriana Pontif- theIntercultural Muñoz, Director of Canada; and Manuel Ramiro of Development Research Centre(IDRC) ment specialist at theInternational develop Manager and rural - Program Germán Escobar said. Germán - - Rimisp’s Mexico office, also participated.Rimisp’s Mexico velopment. Franco, Gerardo director of trict, and theSecretariat for Social De- theFederal Dis- Rights Commissionof Women, theHuman tional Instituteof officials from the Na the participation of agency that coordinates theCNCH,with Secretariat for Social Development, the CNCH). Themeeting was heldat the elHambre, Nacional Contra (Cruzada the National against Crusade Hunger on 24May withtheGenderGroupof discussed thereport Ignacia Fernández thepresentations inMexico, of As part interests”. theirfamilies’ four jobs to serve divide themselves up among two, three or even vailing relationships insociety force women to at level,true the graduate “because thepre- students are women, that is no longer undergraduate though themajorityof cleaning services”, are channeled toward work related to house- public programs; for example, intraining, they women and poor ruralindigenous women, in women, especially by discrimination suffered Dr. highlighted“the Pliego del González Institute. lisario Domínguez ResearchDirector de at Support theBe- andSerdánRosales, Program, Affairs the Iberoamerican University’s Gender del Pliego,via González Coordinator of tavio Paz Auditorium, were madeby El- on thestudy,the Oc whichin was held Institute. Comments lisario Domínguez She also noted thatalso noted She al- - - and challenges for thefuture. shop wheretheydiscussed theirfindings Women and GenderEquityat a work- of als from Chile’s newly created Ministry profession- on 23May 2016toa team of topresenttheirresults the opportunity had thereport ed inthepreparation of Researchers fromRimispwhoparticipat- that Chileneeds?”, shesaid. otherty, public while also supporting policies women in their diversi- life of the quality of public make do we impact policies that really How ourselves asked always in the ministry: have help us with something we will always “These intheregion. studies its partners that Rimisphas beenconducting with theresearch ongender and territory of thecontribution of ed theimportance At theevent, MinisterPascual highlight- Studies,ruvian Raúl H.Asensio. Pe- theInstituteof pal Investigator of isp, and the Princi- Ignacia Fernández; Rim Blanco; the Executive Directorof the Americas and theCaribbean, Lara ONUWomen for Regional Director of Equity,der ClaudiaPascual; the Deputy Women andGen- Chilean Ministerof ONU Women. Participants the included was organized jointly by and Rimisp uity for Territorial Developmentthat on 20June, at Eq- aseminaronGender was in Chile also presented The report - 31 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 TOOLS FOR SUPPORTING POLICY DIALOGUE: Communications and Publications

The project’s communication strategy In the area of communications, the ob- To achieve the communications objec- jective of Large-Scale Impacts was to tives, a strategy was developed that promote and disseminate the work of included actions on different platforms: the various Rural Dialogue Groups in informative and promotional material, each country. The project also sought to digital channels, audiovisual materials develop a concept that would leverage and media relations. the RDG methodology as a successful mechanism for advocacy on public po- Informative and licies targeting the rural world in the promotional material countries in which the program worked. The communication strategy was ac- “The best public policies are made companied by printed material for disse- through dialogue” became a core com- mination and promotion of the project. munications concept, with dialogue A brochure was designed to present the understood as a key factor for creating project’s approach and the main results high-quality public policies that impro- (300 brochures), as well as country-spe- ve living conditions for the rural poor in cific information sheets for each of the Latin America. four countries (400 information sheets). These were distributed to the members The communications strategy highlighted of each group, national and local gover- four distinctive elements of dialogue pro- nment partners, and various key stake- moted by the RDGs, as core elements of holders, as well as in various activities in the advocacy work: which the RDGs participated.

27“The Best Policies are Made Through Dialogue” bulletins Three general and 24 country-specific EXPERIENCE TRUST bulletins were developed to promote the RDGs’ advocacy approach and to provi- de information about projects, activities, research results and the groups’ views and projects. The bulletins were distri- buted electronically weekly and by cou- ntry, with an average access rate of 34%.

KNOWLEDGE COLLABORATION

32 visits overall and 7,221uniquevisits. 9,741 received a total of pactosgranescala) project (http://rimisp.org/proyecto/im- theLarge-Scale Impacts the web siteof El Between August 2013and June 2016, project web site visits to theLarge-Scale Impacts 9.741 Digital channels 32 throughout Latin America. cision makers and relevant stakeholders government officials, de- broader base of the Rural Dialogue Groupsby reaching a (3,000 recipients), toleverage theworkof torial Cohesionfor Development Program Rimisp’sTerri- pients) and thebulletin of institutional bulletin (morethan 7,000reci- Periodic were published articles in Rimisp’s lopment bulletin the Territorial Cohesion for Deve- articles intheRimispbulletinand

Audiovisual materials viewed 2,930times. and were thereport both versions of Didactic videos were produced for 18,466 uniquevisits. 30,330overall visitsand a total of tin American Reportweb sitereceived theLa the 2013and 2015versions of Between august 2013and june2016, port web site visits to theLatin AmericanRe- 30.330 The videowasviewed by 868people. through a more interactive platform. reaching the various key stakeholders positioning strategy, withthegoal of a video was produced to promote the the communication plan, of As part mination videos for promotion anddisse- 9 - Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru andSpain. Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Italy, Bolivia, Canada, Chile,in net Colombia, on radio,and media televisionand Inter- print appearedin andreports Articles 199media reports. Reports, for a total of from the2013and 2015Latin American reports, stemming as well as 75articles with themedia resultedin124media The Large-Scale Impacts project’s work media reports 199 Media influenced public policies.gy how the advocacyexplained methodolo- technical secretaries,with theRDG who yed and an active this program rolein withIFADterviews who pla- directors Eight videoswere producedbasedonin- 33 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Media coverage highlighting Rural Dialogue Groups

Expreso | Ecuador La Prensa | El Salvador Cuando funciona el diálogo rural Relanzan Comité Nacional de Agri- October 2014 cultura Familiar June 2015 El Universo | Ecuador ¿Pequeños productores & TVX Television | El Salvador supermercados? Entrevista Secretaria Técnica GDR April 2015 en Programa Informa TVX sobre el desarrollo territorial en la agenda del El Comercio | Ecuador Grupo de Dialogo Rural. El Legado de Manuel Chiriboga January 2016 April 2015 Imagen Agropecuaria | Mexico Ecuador TV | Ecuador Presupuesto base cero debe Pensamiento Crítico: Ney Barrionue- reorientar gasto rural vo, Red Latinoamericana Rural, sobre May 2015 el premio “Manuel Chiriboga” September 2015 La Jornada | Mexico Ignoran demandas contra discrimina- Channel 10 | El Salvador ción de género en San Quintín Campaña de promoción de la Agri- May 2015 cultura Sustentable: El programa presenta actividades del GDR, rela- Mexicampo | Mexico ción con la cooperación, además de la El Grupo Diálogo Rural y su impulso campaña de agricultura sustentable, a la pequeña agricultura, a tono con objetivos y alcance obtenido la COP21 June 2014 2015

Contrapunto | El Salvador El año de la agricultura familiar August 2014

34 October 2015 Entrevista enprograma Milenio Radio Universidad deChile| June 2014 de calidad cimiento determina acceso a empleos Estudio concluye queellugar dena |Chile La Segunda May 2014 mérica Pobreza yDesigualdad en Latinoa Agency Pressenza |International April 2014 analfabetismo, segúninforme Bolivia redujo mortalidad infantily La Jornada |Bolivia June 2014 municipios deNicaragua rrollo rural reconoce avance en dos Centro latinoamericano para eldesa- Channel 15|Nicaragua May 2014 la riqueza Alianza Pacífico que mejor distribuye Colombia, el segundo país de la La República |Colombia May 2014 asegura estudiosobre pobreza Países latinos reducen desigualdad, El Pulso|Mexico May 2014 afecta elempleo La desigualdad territorialtambién tional Revista- Humanum –UNDP|Interna May 2014 naces determina su futuro yoportunidades Estudio postula que el lugar donde CNN |Chile Latin AmericanReports the 2013and2015 Media coveragehighlighting - - April 2016 mujeres: Rimisp Estancamiento yretrocesos en derechos de |Mexico Mexicampo April 2016 brechas degénero El lento avance deColombia para cerrar El Espectador|Colombia May 2016 desigualdad Panorama 15:Informe sobre CNN |Chile July 2016 Pobreza, Género yTerritorio México Social|Mexico May 2016 calvario Análisis a Fondo: Ser mujer en México, el Diario 21|Mexico May 2016 de ingresos por género en AL México, con altas tasas de desigualdad La Jornada |Mexico 35 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Working Papers, Technical Assistance Reports and Evaluation Reports

The dialogue promoted by the RDGs is Brown, C (2015). Documento Final de Di- based on empirical evidence, which the agnóstico Comisión de Protección Social project generates through a series of del Grupo de Diálogo Rural México. Docu- studies and policy analysis for decision mento de Trabajo n°160, Grupo Inclusión making. These studies have been collect- Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago. ed in the series of Working Papers (Doc- umentos de Trabajo) of Rimisp, the Latin González, I. (2015). Documento Final American Center for Rural Development, de Diagnóstico Comisión de Presupues- for distribution to anyone interested. to y Diseño Institucional del Grupo de Diálogo Rural México. Documento de Working Papers Trabajo n°161, Grupo Inclusión Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago. Corporación PBA (2014). Lineamientos y estrategias de desarrollo rural territo- Ruiz, A.J. (2015). Documento Final de Di- rial para la región Caribe colombiana. agnóstico Comisión de Derechos Humanos Documento de Trabajo n°142, Grupo del Grupo de Diálogo Rural México. Docu- Inclusión Social y Desarrollo. Corpo- mento de Trabajo n°162, Grupo Inclusión ración PBA, Bogotá. Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago.

Fundación Prisma (2014). Enfrentando Valverde, I. (2015). Documento Final la crisis del café desde las experiencias de Diagnóstico Comisión de Merca- de las cooperativas y productores indi- dos Agrícolas del Grupo de Diálogo viduales en El Salvador. Documento de Rural México. Documento de Trabajo Trabajo n°143, Grupo Inclusión Social n°163, Grupo Inclusión Social y De- y Desarrollo. El Salvador RDG – Fun- sarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago. dación Prisma, San Salvador. Rimisp - Corporación PBA - Colombia Castillo, M.J. (2015). Análisis de la RDG (2016). Proyecto de Investigación Productividad y Competitividad de la La Silla Rural. Documento de Trabajo Ganadería de Carne en el Litoral Ecu- n°178, Grupo Inclusión Social y Desar- atoriano. Documento de Trabajo n°144, rollo. Rimisp. Santiago. Grupo Inclusión Social y Desarrollo. Ecuador RDG, Rimisp. Quito. Idrovo, J. (2016). Transformaciones rurales y agrarias en Ecuador. Documento de Tra- Flores, R. (2015). Malla Curricular para bajo n°179, Grupo de Trabajo Inclusión el Certificado de Formación de Líderes Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp. Santiago. y Lideresas del Agro. Documento de Trabajo n°158, Grupo Inclusión Social Escobar, J. (2016). Mapeo de experiencias y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago. agroecológicas con potencial de escalami- ento en El Salvador. Documento de Tra- Navas, C. (2015). Derecho a la Tierra y bajo n°201, Grupo de Trabajo Inclusión Empoderamiento Económico de las Mu- Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp. Santiago. jeres Rurales en El Salvador. Documen- to de Trabajo n°159, Grupo Inclusión Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago.

36 awareness-raising campaigns in reports that describethe public policiesiscontained of collaboration anddirect institutions, policy design, outcomes ofexperiences An importantpartofthe processes ofchangein RDGs’ contribution to support for reform of and otherstrategies. tance Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago. mento deTrabajo n°6, Technical Assis - la Asambleación en Legislativa. Docu - Asociaciones Cooperativas y suaproba puesta de Reformas de a la Ley General del enfoqueración degéneroa la Pro - CooperativistasMujeres incorpo para Rivera, I. (2015). Consulta Territorial a series.ports RDGEcuador. Rimisp, Quito. Trabajo n°5, Technical Assistance Re- cación Rural enEcuador. Documentode Calderón, A. (2015).Situación dela Edu- dor. Rimisp, Quito. Assistance Reports series.Ecua RDG Documento deTrabajo n°4, Technical operativas y CréditoRural. de Ahorro Productivolas Co- de Agropecuario M. (2015).Financiamiento Benítez, Ecuador. Rimisp, Quito. Technical Assistance Reportsseries. RDG Documento deTrabajo n°3, Agrícola. dor al marco deunSistemaInnovación y PescaGanadería, Acuacultura del Ecua blemáticos delMinisteriodeAgricultura, cia Técnica yExtensiónRural más em- deAsisten- alinear losprogramas ta para Paredes, M.I.,Aguirre, F. (2014).Propues- PBA, Bogotá. Assistance Reports series. Corporación Documento deTrabajo n°2, Technical con Enfoque territorial. rural desarrollo PBASeminarios (2014). Corporación Prisma, SanSalvador. series. RDG ElSalvador – Fundación bajo n°1, Technical Assistance Reports con DocumentodeTra el Ambiente.” consciente,sana sembremos armonía en Sustentabletura Campaña “Por una vida - de consultoría de promoción de Agricul K. (2014).Sistematización Hernández, Technical AssistanceReports - - - - - ports series.ports Rimisp, ElSalvador. de Trabajo n°10,Technical Assistance Re - en la Asamblea Legislativa. Documento al Marco Regulatorio suaprobación para deAsociaciones CooperativasGeneral y porlas ReformasIntersectorial a la Ley (2016).Acuerdo Políticoiendo enla Tierra Mujeres Produc Asociación Agropecuaria PBA, Bogotá. Assistance Reports series. Corporación Documento deTrabajo n°9, Technical Sistemas Territoriales DeInnovación. de la Conformación Atlántico del para nica yMetodológica a laGobernación PBA (2016). Asesoría Téc Corporación sistance series. Reports Rimisp, Ecuador. Documento deTrabajo n°8,Technical As- va de la Cadena del Maíz Amarillo Duro. Competiti- Impactos delPlan deMejora R.(2016).Evaluación de Garcés Núñez, tance Reports series. Rimisp, Ecuador. umento de Trabajo n°7,Technical Assis- (“FICA”).Cadenas Agroproductivas Doc de las”) y El Fondo la Integración para Estratégicas (“Plan Semil- nas Agrícolas Privada del Proyecto Nacional de Cade- Modelo deGestiónla Alianza Público Jenkins¸ J. (2016).Sistematización del esso changeinpublic policies. cesses of contributionplain theRDGs’ topro- systemabout that- factors ex learning aninstitutional of documents arepart availablewebon theRimisp site. These from theproject outcomes stemmingare theRDGprocess and Evaluations of Evaluation Reports - - - 37 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Weyrach, V. (2014). Eslabones de Inci- dencia. Una metodología para registrar la LEARNING NOTES (NOTAS DE APRENDIZAJE). incidencia en políticas de RIMISP. Docu- UNDERSTANDING KEY FACTORS FOR ADVOCACY mento de Trabajo n°141, Grupo Inclusión ON PUBLIC POLICY Social y Desarrollo. Rimisp, Santiago.

Castagnino, E. and Echt, L. (2013) Eva- luación piloto de la incidencia del Proyecto Nota de Aprendizaje N°1, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de El Salvador de RIMISP “Conocimiento y Cambio en (2014): un espacio multi-actoral en torno a lo rural y medioambiental. Pobreza Rural y Desarrollo” en Colombia. Documento de Trabajo n°1, Evaluation Nota de Aprendizaje N°2, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de Ecuador Reports series. (2014): un espacio de debate e incidencia para el desarrollo rural a través de la innovación agrícola. Gómez, L. and Rodríguez, T. (2014). In- forme de Evaluación de Resultados y Me- Nota de Aprendizaje N°3, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de Colombia canismos de Incidencia, Grupo de Diálogo (2015): un espacio de rearticulación de redes, aprendizaje e incidencia en torno Rural El Salvador. Instituto Ixmati, San al desarrollo rural. Salvador. Documento de Trabajo n°2, Evaluation Reports series. Nota de Aprendizaje N°4, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de México (2015): comisiones temáticas de debate, estudio e incidencia para la superación Fernández, J. (2014). Informe de Evalua- de pobreza rural. ción de Resultados y Mecanismos de Inci- dencia, Grupo de Diálogo Rural Ecuador. Nota de Aprendizaje N°5, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de El Salvador Documento de Trabajo n°3, Evaluation (2015): promoviendo las políticas en lo rural y lo medioambiental para enfrentar Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago. el cambio climático.

Fernández, J. (2015). Informe de Evaluación Nota de Aprendizaje N°6, Incidencia en las políticas rurales de Ecuador Intermedia, Grupo de Diálogo Rural Colom- (2015): profundizando en lo logrado e incorporando a nuevos actores para el bia. Documento de Trabajo n°4, Evaluation desarrollo agrícola. Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago.

Gómez, L. and Rodríguez, T. (2015). In- forme de Evaluación Intermedia, Grupo de Diálogo Rural El Salvador. Documento de Trabajo n°5, Evaluation Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago.

Fernández, J. (2015). Informe de Evalua- ción Intermedia, Grupo de Diálogo Rural Ecuador. Documento de Trabajo n°6, Eva- luation Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago.

González, I. (2015). Informe de Evalua- ción Intermedia, Grupo de Diálogo Rural México. Documento de Trabajo n°7, Eva- luation Reports series. Rimisp, Santiago.

38 39 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Work Team Overall Project Coordination

M. Ignacia Fernández Mariana Calcagni Juan Fernández Project Coordinator Assistant to the Coordinator Monitoring and Evaluation Coordinator

Sociologist, PhD in Sociology and Mas- Sociologist with a degree from the PhD in Sociology from the Complutense ter in Political Science. Specialist in public Catholic University of Chile. Associate’s University of Madrid and a Master’s in policy, social policy, decentralization and degree in socioenvironmental studies Social Sciences research methods, and territorial development. Was a member of from the University of Chile. Has con- graduated from the Master’s program the Presidential Advisory Commission for ducted applied research on urban and in urbanism at the University of Chile Decentralization and Regional Develop- rural development, particularly studies and sociology at the Pontifical Catholic ment, adviser to the budget director of the of urban mobility related to the Tran- University of Chile. His main areas of Finance Ministry, and head of the Policies santiago policy in Santiago, Chile, and research are public policies, decentra- and Studies Division in the Chilean Inte- community management of the Sustai- lization and territorial development, rior Ministry’s Undersecretariat for Re- nable Chile program’s Rural Drinking social movements and collective action. gional and Administrative Development. Water Committees. Served as assistant He has worked in the Studies and Eva- She also teaches in the Master’s program in the FONDECYT “Territorial In- luation Department of the Chilean In- in management and public policies at the equality and Conditional Income Trans- terior Ministry’s Undersecretariat for University of Chile. At Rimisp, she has fers: the case of Ethical Family Income” Regional and Administrative Develop- been principal investigator since 2010. In (2011-2014) project. Currently works as ment and was project chief in Advisory the Rural Territorial Dynamics program, research assistant in Rimisp. Services for Development (Asesorías she led the creation of Rural Dialogue para el Desarrollo). Has taught at Diego Groups in four countries in the region. Portales University and has served as a She subsequently became coordinator of consultant on public policy evaluation in the Inclusion and Social Development Chile and Spain. Currently works as a Working Group. She became executive di- Rimisp researcher. rector of Rimisp in August 2015.

40 Working Group. Developmentwith Territorial Cohesion Large-Scale Impacts project andthe communications coordinator for the Valdivia. Currently as Rimisp’s serves development areas of projects in rural at magazines inChileandSpain ked andcommunicator as a journalist Medio Ambiente, CONAMA). Has wor Commission (ComisiónNacional del theNational Environment director of andlater communicationsjournalist security andnutrition.Shewas the first in food experiences systematization of development territorial and issues of Latin America, where sheworked on dinator for theFAO for Spainprogram Barcelona. Was communications coor from theAutonomous University of nagement andsustainable development les University; Master’s inpublic ma- munication PortaDiego from sciences Journalist with licentiate insocial com Communications Coordinator Caroline Stevens - - - - ietro Rimisp. Director of Working Groupand theExecutive the Social Inclusionand Development sible for administrative for support ment since 2008.Currently respon- American Center for Rural Develop- Rimisp-Latin theteam of Member of Administrative Assistant Yenny Carvallo IFAD Partner Fund for Agricultural Development.Fund for Agricultural mist for theUnited Nations International He currently as Regional serves Econo- nion columns inlocal daily newspapers. United States. Hepublishes weekly opi- ties inGuatemala, Canada, Chileand the organizations and has taught at universi- been a consultant for various international Guatemala’s “Alliances” project.Hehas USAID ring and evaluation manager of Rafael Landívar University, and monito- of Center intheEconomics Department theSocial and Economic Research of American Development Bank, director America and BelizeatCentral theInter- executive directorHe wasfor alternate ty, development. social policy and rural interestare poverty, inequali- areas of GuelphinCanada. His the University of Economics from PhD inAgricultural IFAD Regional Economist Tomás Rosada 41 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Colombia Team El Salvador Team

Santiago Perry Álvaro Montes Ileana Gómez Galo Technical Secretary for the Colombia RDG Support for Communications and Technical Secretary of the Systematization of the RDG El Salvador RDG Holds degrees in industrial engineering and economics from the University of the Social communicator specializing in the Holds a degree in sociology from José Andes (Colombia). Has worked in various use of ICTs for adult education. Has wor- Simeón Cañas Central American Univer- government agencies and private enter- ked with the Corporación PBA for ten sity (UCA) in El Salvador and a Master’s prise and as a consultant on various public years in the implementation of participa- in social sciences from FLACSO Mexi- policy initiatives related to the rural sector, tory communication strategies for the ru- co. Doctoral studies in sociology at the agricultural development and agricultu- ral sector and the systematization of the University of Alicante. Has worked in ral economics. In the public sector, he has organization’s methodological experience. the Salvadoran Environment Ministry worked as vice minister of agriculture, and has taught in undergraduate and general manager of the Colombian Agri- Master’s programs at the University culture and Livestock Institute (Instituto of El Salvador and José Simeón Cañas Colombiano Agropecuario, ICA) and ad- Central American University (UCA). viser to the ministries of Agriculture and Has worked at the PRISMA Foundation Foreign Trade and the National Planning since 1999 as principal investigator and a Department. In the private sector, he has member of the team of directors. worked as general manager of the Natio- nal Coffee Company, the Colombian Cacao Company (COLCACAO) and PBEST Asesores Ltda. Currently serves as execu- tive director of the Corporation for Parti- cipatory and Sustainable Development of Small-Scale Rural (Corporación PBA).

42 meetings, Web site, etc. munication, such as publications, events, com- tional levels, using various of forms national, American and interna Central the organization’s outreach at the local, ble for contributing todevelopment of since 1994and iscurrently responsi- Has worked at thePRISMA Foundation Communications Systems Technical Coordinator of Leonor González - at PRISMA as researcher-facilitator. management processes. Currently works territorial tal educator and facilitator of agent, environmen extension - tion, rural educa technical agricultural professor of as a Has served ment and permaculture. education, sustainable tourismmanage - studiesinenvironmental with graduate ENA), (Escuela Nacional deAgricultura, Agriculture from the National School of degree in Madrid). Holdsan agronomy and Alicante and Carlos IIIUniversity Barcelona Post (universities of Grado) ty Institute(InstitutoUniversitario de education fromtheGraduate Universi- Master’s innew technologies applied to sor at Andrés BelloUniversity, witha and social studiesprofes- Agronomist Researcher Wilfredo Moran - research team at thePRISMA Foundation. Camp. Currently as assistant tothe serves the 2015Glasswing Debate International and participated in and social integration, human rights, democracy, gender equity incivic education associate’s in degree American the Children. Holds a Central zil-El Salvador Centerand Save Cultural Performed at hersocial service theBra tions from Francisco Gavidia University. Holds a licentiate rela ininternational Licenciada enRelaciones Internacionales, Assistant totheResearch Team Andrea Ayala - - 43 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Ecuador Team

Ney Barrionuevo Eugenia Quingaísa Diana Proaño Technical Secretary of the Ecuador RDG Assistant to the Technical Secretariat Communicator for the Ecuador RDG

Agronomist with degree from the Insti- Holds a degree in economics from the Holds a bachelor in social communi- tute of Agricultural Sciences (Instituto Pontifical Catholic University of Ecua- cation from the Central University of Superior de Ciencias Agropecuarias) in dor. Has worked as a consultant in the Ecuador, with specialization in cultu- Havana, Cuba. Specialist in analysis and agriculture, promotion of production ral journalism. Her journalistic work strategic planning of agriculture market and rural development sector. Was pro- has focused on political, economic, so- chains and the design and implemen- ductive development adviser to the Me- cial and cultural coverage. In the area tation of inclusive business plans and tropolitan District of Quito, adviser on of organizational communication, she public policies for the agriculture and Paperwork Simplification Projects in the has designed and implemented com- livestock sector Has served as mana- Ministry of Coordination of Produc- munications policies for public and ger of the INCLUSYS consulting firm, tion, Employment and Competitiveness private entities, including the Civic South America director of the Nether- (MCPEC), and project manager for the Participation Corporation-Ecuador lands Development Organization (SNV), MCPEC’s Emprendecuador Program. (Corporación Participación Ciudada- country director in Ecuador and Boli- Has worked in international agencies na-Ecuador), the Professional Associa- via and chief of portfolio in Guayaquil, such as the Netherlands Development tion of Architects of Pichincha (Cole- coordinator of the Alliance for Learning Organization (SNV) in Ecuador, the In- gio de Arquitectos de Pichincha), the in Market Chains (Ecuador), director of ter-American Institute for Cooperation “Zero Latitude” Quito Film Festival, the Information Service and Census of on Agriculture (IICA) in Ecuador, the and the Quito Metropolitan Appraisal Agriculture and Livestock Production United Nations High Commissioner for and Cadastre Office. Currently works project (SICA-World Bank), general Refugees (UNHCR) and the United Na- as a communicator at Rimisp. coordinator of MAGAP Advisory Cou- tions Population Fund. She was project ncils on Agriculture and Livestock Mar- director for the Governance and Political ket Chains, coordinator of information Leadership Program of the IDE School program for small-scale producers/Ru- of Government. Currently serves as re- ral Radio Network (SICA-World Bank), searcher at Rimisp-Latin American Cen- consultant for the Reorientation of the ter for Rural Development in Ecuador. Agriculture and Livestock Sector project (MAGAP-AID), and a functionary in the Social Welfare Ministry’s Rural Deve- lopment Secretariat (SEDRI). Serves as director of the Rimisp office in Ecuador.

44 Mexico Team fRimispsince 2014. of Has collaborated as associate investigator againstCrusade Hunger from2013-2015. for the National experts committee of the in2012-2014and memberof general planning convened by theFAO director committee for strategic theadvisory of rica and Chile, inSantiago, Chile. Member theFAO for Latin Ame- representative of and regional assistant director general Organizationand Agriculture (FAO) and development intheUnitedNations Food rural rian Reform Secretariat. Director of rian Development Agra intheMexican Organization and Agra of dersecretary and Water Resources Secretariat and un- Agriculture and consensus inMexico’s policy sectoral of 2015. Undersecretary and Applied Economics, Agriculture in of Wisconsin-Madison’s Department of Foundation professorintheUniversity nomics winnerElinorOstrom.Tinker Indiana, directed by NobelPrizeinEco- and Policy Analysis at theUniversity of 2009 at theWorkshop inPolitical Theory nizations. Visiting professorfrom2006to orga morethan 75regional network of Campesinas Autónomas, UNORCA), a Nacional deOrganizaciones Regionales Regional Rural Organizations (Unión Autonomous the National Union of of del Mayo valleys and founder inSonora, collective ejidosintheYaqui and tion of Economist. Was advisor tothecoali- RDG theMexico Technical of Secretary Gustavo Gordillo deAnda - - - eae opooino development. related topromotionof Economic Researchon projects Institute rrently collaborates withtheUNAM torios and Rimisp, among others. Cu- EVALÚA-DF, - IICA-Mexico, Proterri Sagarpa, Sederec,INCA-Rural, Cdpim, mental organizations, such as Sedesol, governmentagencies andnon-govern- analysis. Hasworkedas aconsultant for developmentregional ment and political public policies, institutional manage- of implementationdesign, andevaluation ma de México, UNAM). Specialist in the (Universidad Nacional AutónoMexico - the National Autonomous University of rate inpolitical and social sciences from and adocto political studies Master’s in cal science andpublic administration, a philosophy,a bachelor in Holds politi- RDG theMexico of Assistant Secretary Isaí GonzálezValdez - 45 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 Lourdes Rudiño Santiago Ruy Sánchez de Orellana Communications Coordinator for the Assistant to the Technical Secretariat of Mexico RDG the Mexico RDG

Studied journalism at the Carlos Sep- Holds a bachelor in social anthropology tién García Journalism School in Mexi- from the National School of Anthropology co City and has worked as a journalist and History (Escuela Nacional de Antro- for nearly 30 years, mainly covering ru- pología e Historia, ENAH) and a Master’s ral, agricultural and livestock, and food in political science from The College of issues. She currently is a member of the Mexico (El Colegio de México, Colmex). editorial council and committee of La He has worked on research related to te- Jornada del Campo, a monthly publica- rritorial conflicts and changes in rural tion of the La Jornada newspaper. She areas, inter-governmental coordination, has served as communications coordi- multicultural education and participatory nator for the Rimisp office in Mexico tools for development. He has been full since 2014, when the office opened. and adjunct professor in ENAH’s under- graduate program, an outside consultant to the United Nations Food and Agricul- ture Organization (FAO), an analyst at the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) and editor in the Indigenous Education Office of Mexico’s Public Education Secretariat (SEP). He also was a fellow at the Center for Research and Higher Studies in Social Anthropolo- gy (Centro de Investigación y Estudios Su- periores en Antropología Social, CIESAS) and had a research fellowship at the Gra- duate Institute of International and Deve- lopment Studies in Geneva, Switzerland.

46 47 POLICY PROCESSES FOR LARGE-SCALE IMPACT 2013 / 2016 www.rimisp.org/proyecto/impactosgranescala/ www.facebook.com/rimisp www.twitter.com/rimisp [email protected]

CHILE Huelén 10, 6to Piso Providencia | Santiago (+56 2) 2236 4557

COLOMBIA Calle 75 8-34, 2do Piso | Bogotá (+57 1) 383 7523

ECUADOR Pasaje El Jardín 171 y Av. 6 de Diciembre. Edificio Century Plaza II. Piso 3. Oficina 7 | Quito (+ 593 2) 500 6792

MÉXICO Yosemite 13, Colonia Nápoles Delegación Benito Juárez | DF (+52 55) 5096 6592

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