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Osmium Tetroxide Osmium tetroxide sc-206008 Material Safety Data Sheet Hazard Alert Code EXTREME HIGH MODERATE LOW Key: Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME Osmium tetroxide STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. NFPA FLAMMABILITY0 HEALTH4 HAZARD INSTABILITY2 SUPPLIER Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. 2145 Delaware Avenue Santa Cruz, California 95060 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 EMERGENCY ChemWatch Within the US & Canada: 877-715-9305 Outside the US & Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112 SYNONYMS OsO4, "osmic acid anhydride", "osmium oxide", "perosmic oxide", "osmium tetraoxide" Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS Min Max Flammability 0 Toxicity 4 Body Contact 4 Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Reactivity 2 Moderate=2 High=3 Chronic 2 Extreme=4 CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS 1 of 13 EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK Contact with combustible material may cause fire. Causes burns. Risk of serious damage to eyes. Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS SWALLOWED ! Severely toxic effects may result from the accidental ingestion of the material; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 5 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual. ! The material can produce chemical burns within the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract following ingestion. EYE ! The material can produce chemical burns to the eye following direct contact. Vapors or mists may be extremely irritating. ! If applied to the eyes, this material causes severe eye damage. ! Brief exposures to osmium tetroxide vapor produces delayed lachrymation, "halo" effects (appearance of rings around lights) and vision disturbances (gritty feeling in the eyes). These symptoms usually cease a few days after exposure. Exposure to concentrations not high enough to cause immediate irritation can, if prolonged, accumulate to cause the above symptoms. Eye exposure to high concentrations of vapor could cause severe damage or blindness Application of a drop of 1% solution to rabbit's eye caused severe corneal damage, permanent opacity, and superficial vascularisation. SKIN ! Skin contact with the material may produce severely toxic effects; systemic effects may result following absorption and these may be fatal. ! The material can produce chemical burns following direct contactwith the skin. ! Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. ! Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. ! Skin contact with low concentrations of osmium tetroxide vapor can cause irritation, while contact with high concentrations of vapor or with the solid form can cause severe inflammation, burns, and green or black discoloration. Kidney or liver damage may also result. INHALED ! If inhaled, this material can irritate the throat andlungs of some persons. ! Inhalation of vapors, aerosols (mists, fumes) or dusts, generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may produce severely toxic effects; these may be fatal. ! Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations of particulate are inhaled. If prior damage to the circulatory or nervous systems has occurred or if kidney damage has been sustained, proper screenings should be conducted on individuals who may be exposed to further risk if handling and use of the material result in excessive exposures. ! Inhalation of osmium tetroxide vapor may irritate the nose, throat, and bronchial tubes, causing a cough, wheezing, pneumonia, and headache The vapor produces acute tracheobronchitis characterized by cough, sore throat, chest pain and lightheadedness The lungs and respiratory tract retain most of the inhaled osmium tetroxide vapors causing irritation and black discolouration . Lung, liver, or kidney damage could result from inhalation exposure. It is likely that, upon contact with the pulmonary mucosa, most inhaled osmium tetroxide is reduced to the metal, causing tissue damage. It does this without penetrating the alveolar barrier or entering the bloodstream Osmium tetroxide should only be handled in a ventilated fume hood. Inhalation may cause headache, coughing, dizziness, difficult breathing and may be fatal. Workers have described exposure to osmium tetroxide as "having the kick of a mule". Nose and throat irritation may persist at least 12 hours after exposure has ceased. Some employees complain of headache, conjunctivitis and cough. Symptoms sometimes developed after inhaling osmium tetroxide for 2 hours and, in most cases, did not resolve for a few days. An early osmium fatality (1874) showed capillary bronchitis and frank pulmonary oedema autopsy. CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS ! Repeated or prolonged exposure to corrosives may result in the erosion of teeth, inflammatory and ulcerative changes in the mouth and necrosis (rarely) of the jaw. Bronchial irritation, with cough, and frequent attacks of bronchial pneumonia may ensue. Gastrointestinal disturbances may also occur. Chronic exposures may result in dermatitis and/or conjunctivitis. Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long-term occupational exposure. Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung shadows show on X-ray. Chronic exposure to trace amounts of osmium tetroxide may result in kidney and liver damage. Currently, there is no evidence that osmium tetroxide is carcinogenic. However, it has been shown to induce DNA lesions and DNA-repair replication in mammalian cells 2 of 13 Osmium tetroxide has shown reproductive toxicity in animals; however, it has not shown reproductive or developmental effects in humans. The long-term use of osmium tetroxide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis may produce chronic toxic effects following intraarticular injection. This may occur as a result of accumulation in liver, heart, spleen and kidney. Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS NAME CAS RN % osmium tetroxide 20816-12-0 >99 Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES SWALLOWED For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor at once. Urgent hospital treatment is likely to be needed. If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration. Observe the patient carefully. Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious. Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink. Transport to hospital or doctor without delay. EYE If this product comes in contact with the eyes Immediately hold eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously with running water. Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. Continue flushing until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre or a doctor, or for at least 15 minutes. Transport to hospital or doctor without delay. Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel. SKIN If skin or hair contact occurs Immediately flush body and clothes with large amounts of water, using safety shower if available. Quickly remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear. Wash skin and hair with running water. Continue flushing with water until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Centre. Transport to hospital, or doctor. INHALED If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area. Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested. Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures. Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Transport to hospital, or doctor, without delay. NOTES TO PHYSICIAN ! Treat symptomatically. for poisons (where specific treatment regime is absent) -------------------------------------------------------------- BASIC TREATMENT -------------------------------------------------------------- Establish a patent airway with suction where necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation as necessary. Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor and treat, where necessary, for pulmonary oedema . Monitor and treat, where necessary, for shock. Anticipate seizures . DO NOT use emetics. Where ingestion is suspected rinse mouth and give up to 200 ml water (5 ml/kg recommended) for dilution where patient is able to swallow, has a strong gag reflex and does not drool. -------------------------------------------------------------- ADVANCED TREATMENT -------------------------------------------------------------- Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in unconscious patient or where respiratory
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