DOCSLIB.ORG

Bull. Magn. Reson., 5 (3-4), 90-277 (1983)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bull. Magn. Reson., 5 (3-4), 90-277 (1983) BULLETIN OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE The Quarterly Review Journal of the • International Society of Magnetic Resonance August 1983 Numbers 3/4 The Proceedings of The Eighth Meeting of SMA • INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF • MAGNETIC RESONANCE NMR • NQR • EPR applications in Physics • Chemistry • Biology • Medicine August 22-26, 1983 Chicago, U.S.A. IJniveibsity of Illiiiois at CKicago BULLETIN OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE The Quarterly Review Journal of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance Editor: DAVID G. GORENSTEIN Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago Post Office Box 4348 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. Editorial Board: E.R. ANDREW DAVID GRANT University of Florida University of Utah Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. ROBERT BLINC JOHN MARKLEY E. Kardelj University of Ljubljana Purdue University Ljubljana, Yugoslavia West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A. H. CHIHARA MICHAEL PINTAR Osaka University University of Waterloo Toyonaka, Japan Waterloo, Ontario, Canada GARETH R. EATON JAKOB SMIDT University of Denver Technische Hogeschool Delft Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. Delft, The Netherlands DANIEL FIAT BRIAN SYKES University of Illinois at Chicago University of Alberta Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada SHIZUO FUJIWARA University of Tokyo Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan The Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance is a quarterly review journal sponsored by the International Society of Magnetic Resonance. Reviews cover all parts of the broad field of magnetic resonance, viz., the theory and practice of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, and nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy including applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. The BULLETIN also acts as a house journal for the International Society of Magnetic Resonance. CODEN:BUMRDT ISSN:0163-559X Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance, The Quarterly Journal of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance. Copyright C 1983 by the International Society of Magnetic Resonance. Rates: Libraries and non-members of ISMAR, $50.00, members of ISMAR, $18.00. All subscriptions are for a volume year. All rights reserved. No part of this journal may be reproduced in any form, for any purpose or by any means, abstracted, or entered into any data base, electronic or otherwise, without specific permission in writing from the publisher. Council of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance DANIEL FIAT. Chairman, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. MICHAEL M. P1NTAR, Secretary General and Chairman Advisory Committee on Summer Schools, Waterloo. Canada GJ. BENE R. KOSFELD Geneva. Switzerland Dtiisburg. West Germany R. BLINC V. J. KOWALEWSKI Ljubljana, Yugoslavia Buenos Aires. Argentina M.BLOOM D. A. LOSCHE Vancouver, Canada Leipzig. East Germany W. S. BREY P. T. NARASIMHAN Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. Kanpur, India F. CONTI D. NORBERG Rome, Italy St. Louis, Missouri. U.S.A. J. DEPIREUX H. PFEIFER Liege. Belgium Leipzig, East Germany R. R. ERNST J. SMIDT Zurich, Switzerland Delft. The Netherlands S. FORSEN I. SOLOMON Lund, Sweden Palaiseau, France J. HENNEL 1. URSU Krakov, Poland Bucharest, Rumania 0. JARDETZKY W. von PHILIPSBORN Stanford, California, U.S.A. Ziirich. Switzerland 1. JEENER H. C. WOLF Brussels, Belgium Pfajfeinvaldring. West Germany Honorary Council Members E. R. ANDREW K. HAUSSER Gainesville, Florida. U.S.A. Heidelberg. West Germany F. BLOCH A. KASTLER Stanford, California, U.S.A. Paris, France S. FUJI WAR A L. REEVES Tokyo, Japan Waterloo, Ontario, Canada H. S. GUTOWSKY Urhana, Illinois, U.S.A. The aims of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance are to advance and diffuse knowledge of magnetic resonance and its applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, and to encourage and develop international contacts between scientists The Society sponsors international meetings and schools in magnetic resonance and its appl'cat'ons and Puo|ishes the quarterly review journal, The Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance, the house journal of ISMAR. The annual fee for ISMAR membership is $20 plus $18 for a member subscription to the Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance. Send subscription to: International Society of Magnetic Resonance E207MSA University of Illinois at Chicago P.O. Box 6998, Chicago. Illinois 60680 USA ' Proceedings of the Eighth Meeting of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance August 22 • 26,1983 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. GENERAL CONTENTS Preface 92 Landmarks and Highlights of The International Society of Magnetic Resonance 93 Acknowledgments 95 National Advisory Committee, Local Organizing Committee 96 Detailed Table of Contents of Invited Talks, Short Communications, and Posters 97 Invited Talks 103 Short Communications and Posters 183 Author Index 275 Vol. 5, No. yk 91 J PREFACE This issue of the Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance A special ISMAR Prize has been forwarded by contains manuscripts of papers to be presented at the French Embassy to Professor Anatole Abragam the Eighth Meeting of the International Society of in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the Magnetic Resonance, August 22-26,1983, Chicago, development and fundamental understanding of Illinois, U.S.A. Additional manuscripts which will be nuclear magnetism, nuclear polarization and nuclear submitted by November 1,1983 will appear in Volume ordering. 6, Issue 1, January, 1984. The program of this meeting includes the most We anticipate that about 500 scientists will par- recent advances in magnetic resonance, such as ticipate in the meeting from 27 countries including Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, multiple quantum spectroscopy, zero field nuclear Denmark, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, magnetic resonance, magnetization and coherence France, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, transfer, microwave induced optical nuclear polar- Norway, Poland, Romania, Scotland, South Africa, ization, magnetic resonance in incomensurate and Sweden, Switzerland, U.S.S.R., U.K., U.S.A., West chaotic systems, spin physics in disordered semi- Germany, and Yugoslavia. About 250 papers will be conductors, rotating helical magnetic ordering, presented at the meeting including 17 plenary and highly advanced studies of three dimensional struc- 48 keynote talks. Morning and afternoon sessions tures of polypeptides, studies of protein and nucleic will open with a plenary talk followed by breakouts to acids, membranes, antibodies, liquid crystals and four sessions in physics, chemistry, biology, and advances in closely related fields as laser induced medicine, each session opening with a keynote talk spin coupling phenomena, neutron magnetic followed by contributed papers. In addition, poster resonance, Geonium spectra of the finer structure sessions also divided into four sections will be held of the electron, and infrared spectra of molecular ion on Monday and Tuesday evenings, August 22 and beams at dissociation. The large number of talks in 23,1983. Following the poster sessions, space and the medical application of nuclear magnetic time will be allocated for symposia on special topics resonance is an indication of the growing impor- initiated by the participants. The opening ceremony of the meeting will take place on Monday morning, tance of this field. During the banquet dinner on August 22,1983 and will include an address by Dr. August 25,1983, Dr. Norman F. Ramsey will review Donald Langenberg, Chancellor of the University of the early history of magnetic resonance. Illinois at Chicago. Following the opening, the ISMAR Prize will be presented to Professor Brebis This meeting is the first meeting of the Inter- Bleaney in recognition of his pioneering work in national Society of Magnetic Resonance to be held developing electron spin resonance and his many in the United States of America. Previous meetings important contributions to its applications in solid in this series were held in Japan, Brazil, Australia, state physics. The Award Address will be published Israel, India, Canada, and The Netherlands. Several in Volume 6, Issue 1 of the Bulletin of Magnetic major manufacturers of magnetic resonance equip- Resonance, January, 1984. ment will have exhibits at the meeting. Daniel Fiat August 8,1983 92 Bulletin of Magnetic Resonance Landmarks and Highlights of The International Society of Magnetic Resonance The aims of the International Society of Magnetic Society of Magnetic Resonance was formally foun- Resonance are: to advance and diffuse knowledge ded following this meeting and its constitution adop- of Magnetic Resonance and its applications in physics, ted by its founders: Drs. E. Raymond Andrew, Robert chemistry, biology, and medicine among scientists Blinc, A. David Buckingham, Clive K. Coogan, Daniel and research institutions throughout the world, to Fiat, Shizuo Fujiwara, Karl H. Hausser, Leonard W. foster interaction among scientists in different fields Reeves and John S. Waugh. These founders formed of Magnetic Resonance, to encourage interdis- the Executive Committee. The Council consisted of ciplinary explorations, to organize schools, local the Executive Committee and the following mem- and international symposia on magnetic resonance, bers: Drs. George J. Bene, Felix Bloch, Jacques and to publish papers and periodicals on this subject. Danon, Sture Forsen, Herbert Gutowsky, Jacek Hennel, Valdemar Kowalewski, D. Artur Losche, Previous meetings were held in Tokyo, Japan, A.K. Saha, Jakob Smidt, lonel Solomon, and loan September, 1965, under the direction of Dr. Shizuo Ursu. The council recommended
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Design of Large Space Structures Derived from Line Geometry Principles
    DESIGN OF LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES DERIVED FROM LINE GEOMETRY PRINCIPLES By PATRICK J. MCGINLEY A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2002 Copyright 2002 by Patrick J. McGinley I would like to dedicate this work to Dr. Joseph Duffy - mentor, friend, and inspiration. My thanks also go out to my parents, Thomas and Lorraine, for everything they have taught me, and my friends, especially Byron, Connie, and Richard, for all their support. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Carl D. Crane, III, the members of my advisory committee, Dr. John Schueller and Dr. John Ziegert, as well as Dr. Joseph Rooney, for their help and guidance during my time at UF, and especially their understanding during a difficult last semester. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 2 BACKGROUND ..............................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • An,4B Tnitt{:} Mûleculaã.Orbital .A-Pproact{
    T}IE STEREÛC}{E}4ISTRY ÛF CUg- ÛXYSALT MNNERALS AN,4B TNITT{:} MÛLECULAÃ.ORBITAL .A-PPROACT{ Þ\¡ PETER C. EL-RNS A Thesis Subrnitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Pa-rtial Fulfilment, of the Requireraents for the Ðegree of ÐOCT'OR OF THiLOSOPHY Ðepartment of Geological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba @ Copyright by Peter Carman Bu¡¡rs, 1994 WWW National Library B¡bliothèqLre naiioftale W'r @ of Canada du Canâda Acquisitions and Direction des acquisitions et B¡bf iographic Seruices Branch des servìces bibl¡ographiques 395 Wellington Slreet 395, rue WeJlingron Otlawa, Onta¡io Onawa (Oniar¡o) K1A ON4 K1A ON4 aùtLle Na¡e èlùerce T'he at¡th@ü' has graü-lted aãx Ë*'au¡tec¡r a aaaondé s"!ne licemce írrevoeabIe nÕrÌ-ex6t¿.Esive ¡¡eemcc inr¡ávoaab[e et ntm exc[usíve allowing t['re F,Iationat Lihrany of penmrettant à $a Eihliothèque Camada tÕ reprtdL¡ce, åoana, natiomale du Canada de distribute Õr sell copíes of reprods.rãre, prêter, distribuer ou his/hen thesís by any sneams arsd vendre des aopies de sa thèse in any fonm or fonnlat, rnaking de quelque rna¡rière et sous tÍ'lis tl'lesis available to E¡'¡terested qt¡elque forrne que ce soit poun persons. rnettre des exenarplaires de cette thèse à [a disposition des personnes intéressées. T'[re a¡.¡t['ror retains ownershíp of E-'a¡.¡teun conserve la propriété du the eopyrig[et im hrislher tÍresis" droit d'auteun quri protège sa Ê.deít[rer ttre thesís sror substantåa[ t['rèse. hdå 8a thèse ni des extnaits extnacts fnonn it may be pnin-lted or substantiels de celle-ci ne otlrerwíse neproduced wãtå'¡or¡t doívent être ãrrrpria'nés oL¡ [rüs/her pernnlssiom.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Structural Architecture of Tellurium Oxycompounds
    Mineralogical Magazine, May 2016, Vol. 80(3), pp. 415–545 REVIEW OPEN ACCESS A review of the structural architecture of tellurium oxycompounds 1 2,* 3 A. G. CHRISTY ,S.J.MILLS AND A. R. KAMPF 1 Research School of Earth Sciences and Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia 2 Geosciences, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia 3 Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA [Received 24 November 2015; Accepted 23 February 2016; Associate Editor: Mark Welch] ABSTRACT Relative to its extremely low abundance in the Earth’s crust, tellurium is the most mineralogically diverse chemical element, with over 160 mineral species known that contain essential Te, many of them with unique crystal structures. We review the crystal structures of 703 tellurium oxysalts for which good refinements exist, including 55 that are known to occur as minerals. The dataset is restricted to compounds where oxygen is the only ligand that is strongly bound to Te, but most of the Periodic Table is represented in the compounds that are reviewed. The dataset contains 375 structures that contain only Te4+ cations and 302 with only Te6+, with 26 of the compounds containing Te in both valence states. Te6+ was almost exclusively in rather regular octahedral coordination by oxygen ligands, with only two instances each of 4- and 5-coordination. Conversely, the lone-pair cation Te4+ displayed irregular coordination, with a broad range of coordination numbers and bond distances.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Crystal Field Theory Bums, R
    6 1 Introduction 1.3 Background reading 2 Bethe, H. (1929) Splitting of terms in crystals. (Termsaufspaltung in Kristallen.) Ann. Phys., 3, 133-206. [Trans[.: Cons]lltants Bureau, New York.] Outline of crystal field theory Bums, R. G., Clark, R. H. & Fyfe, W. S. (1964) Crystal field theory and applications to problems in geochemistry. In Chemistry of the Earth's Crust, Proceedings of the Vemadsky Centennial Symposium. (A. P. Vinogradov, ed.; Science Press, Moscow), 2, 88-106. [Trans/.: Israel Progr. Sci. Transl., Jerusalem, pp. 93-112 (1967).] Bums, R. .~· & Fyfe, W. S. (1967a) Crystal field theory and the geochemistry of transition elements. In Researches in Geochemistry. (P. H. Abelson, ed.; J. Wiley & Son, New York), 2, 259-85. Bums, R. G. (1985) Thermodynamic data from crystal field spectra. In Macroscopic to Microscopic. Atomic Environments to Mineral Thermodynamics. (S. W. Kieffer & A. Navrotsky, eds; Mineral. Soc. Amer. Publ.), Rev. Mineral., 14, 277-316. Orgel, L. E. (1952) The effects of crystal fields on the properties of transition metal Crystal field theory gives a survey of the effects of electric fields of ions. J. Chern. Soc., pp. 4756-61. definite symmetries on an atom in a crystal structure. Williams, R. J.P. (1959) Deposition of trace elements in a basic magma. Nature, 184, - -A direct physical confirmation should be obtainable by 44. analysis of the spectra of crystals. H. A. Bethe, Annalen der Physik, 3, 206 (1929) 2.1 Introduction Crystal field theory describes the origins and consequences of interactions of the surroundings on the orbital energy levels of a transition metal ion.
    [Show full text]
  • Problems with Hints
    MATHEMATICS 5 points: Each face of the octahedron ABCDEF in the Figure is an equilateral triangle with side a. ​ ​ Caterpillar named Plato originally sits in the center of the face ABC, and wants to move to the center of face CDF. Plato can only move along the octahedron surface. What is the shortest distance that the Caterpillar has to travel to the destination? Hint: Imagine that you want to fold the octahedron out of paper. In order to ​ ​ do this, you would have to cut out a special shape. Try to construct this shape, and identify on your picture the points between which the Plato has to travel. 10 points: Each face of the elongated octahedron ABCDEF in the Figure is an isosceles triangle with base b and sides a (for instance, AB=AC=a and BC=b). Caterpillar named Plato ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ originally sits at the vertex B and wants to move to the opposite vertex D (BD is the diagonal of the square BCDE). Plato can only move on the octahedron surface. What is the shortest distance that the Caterpillar has to travel to the destination? Hint: Imagine that you want to fold the octahedron out of paper. In order to ​ ​ do this, you would have to cut out a special shape. Try to construct this shape, and identify on your picture the points between which the Plato has to travel. PHYSICS 5 points: Two wooden blocks of the same mass are glued together. The composite block is floating in water. What part of it is submerged into water if the densities of blocks are 500 kg/m3 and 1100 kg/m3, respectively? Hint: Try to equate the Archimedean buoyancy force to the total weight of the ​ composite block.
    [Show full text]
  • The Site Occupancy Assessment in Beryl Based on Bond-Length Constraints
    minerals Article The Site Occupancy Assessment in Beryl Based on Bond-Length Constraints Peter Baˇcík 1,2,* and Jana Fridrichová 1 1 Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkoviˇcova6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; [email protected] 2 Earth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 28 Bratislava, Slovakia * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 20 September 2019; Accepted: 15 October 2019; Published: 18 October 2019 Abstract: The site preference for each cation and site in beryl based on bond-length calculations was determined and compared with analytical data. Tetrahedral SiO4 six-membered rings normally have no substitutions which results from very compact Si4+–O bonds in tetrahedra. Any substitution except Be would require significant tetrahedral ring distortion. The Be tetrahedron should also be negligibly substituted based on the bond-valence calculation; the tetrahedral Li–O bond length is almost 20% larger than Be2+–O. Similar or smaller bond lengths were calculated for Cr3+,V3+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Mn3+, Mg2+, and Al3+, which can substitute for Be but also can occupy a neighboring tetrahedrally coordinated site which is completely vacant in the full Be occupancy. The octahedral site is also very compressed due to dominant Al with short bond lengths; any substitution results in octahedron expansion. There are two channel sites in beryl: the smaller 2b site can be occupied by Na+, Ca2+, Li+, and REE3+ (Rare Earth Elements); Fe2+ and Fe3+ are too small; K+, Cs+, Rb+, and Ba2+ are too large. The channel 2a-site average bond length is 3.38 Å which allows the presence of + simple molecules such as H2O, CO2, or NH4 and the large-sized cations-preferring Cs .
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Solid State Reactions
    STUDY OF SOLID STATE REACTIONS dui^ns THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE Of IBoctor of $I|tlQ£(optip IN CHEMISTRY BY HUMA NASEER DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2005 ;:r.jt* *^'5'^ Fed in Computef -^^M:TB s:m.mB/ ^^'^i.''''^ '^>^% -. :' :> J*^ '"Sfp ^«9 %)^ 061-^ Summary Solid electrolytes are a class of materials exhibiting high ionic conductivity comparable to those of strong liquid electrolj'tes. Solid state ionics is now a thrust area because of ever increasing demand of solid electrolytes and probably the most widely used method for the preparation of solid electrolyte is the direct reaction in the solid state called solid state reaction. Considerable basic work on the theory of solid- solid interaction are reported over the years, particularly in sixties as a result of the emergence of solid devices. This thesis entitled "Study of solid state reactions" deals with study of the following four reactioirln solid state. 1. Ag2Hgl4:CuI 2. CuW04:Li2C03 3. Cu2Cdl4:Hgl2 4. Cu2Cdl4:HgCl2 Kinetics and mechanism of these reactions in solid state were studied by electrical Conductivity measurements, thermal Measurements, chemical & X-ray diffraction analysis. Electrical Conductivity Measurements Pellets for the electrical conductivity measurements were made by pouring the sample powders into a stainless steel die and pressing at a pressure of 4 tonnes with the help of a hydraulic pressure (spectra lab, model SL-89). Pellets were found to be of the same colour as that of the original powders, higher pressure, however, were found to cause uneven darkening in the pellets. All samples were annealed at 100°C for 12 hours before measurements to eliminate any grain boundar>' effect.
    [Show full text]
  • Geometrydiscrete & Computational © 1999 Springer-Verlag New York Inc
    Discrete Comput Geom 21:233–242 (1999) GeometryDiscrete & Computational © 1999 Springer-Verlag New York Inc. On the Kissing Numbers of Some Special Convex Bodies¤ D. G. Larman1 and C. Zong1;2 1Department of Mathematics, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England [email protected] 2Institute of Mathematics, The Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China [email protected] Abstract. In this note the kissing numbers of octahedra, rhombic dodecahedra and elon- gated octahedra are determined. In high dimensions, an exponential lower bound for the kissing numbers of superballs is achieved. Introduction Let K be an n-dimensional convex body. As usual, we denote the translative kissing number and the lattice kissing number of K by N.K / and N ¤.K /, respectively. In other words, N.K / is the maximal number of nonoverlapping translates of K which can be brought into contact with K , and N ¤.K / is the similar number when the translates are taken from a lattice packing of K . To determine the values of N.K / and N ¤.K / for a convex body K are important and difficult problems in the study of packings. These numbers, especially for balls, have been studied by many well-known mathematicians such as Newton, Minkowski, Hadwiger, van der Waerden, Shannon, Leech, Gruber, Hlawka, Kabatjanski, Leven˘stein, Odlyzko, Rankin, Rogers, Sloane, Watson, Wyner and many others. For details refer to [1]–[3] and [11]. In this note we determine the kissing numbers of octahedra, rhombic dodecahedra and elongated octahedra. In fact, besides balls and cylinders, they are the only convex bodies whose kissing numbers are exactly known.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaping Space Exploring Polyhedra in Nature, Art, and the Geometrical Imagination
    Shaping Space Exploring Polyhedra in Nature, Art, and the Geometrical Imagination Marjorie Senechal Editor Shaping Space Exploring Polyhedra in Nature, Art, and the Geometrical Imagination with George Fleck and Stan Sherer 123 Editor Marjorie Senechal Department of Mathematics and Statistics Smith College Northampton, MA, USA ISBN 978-0-387-92713-8 ISBN 978-0-387-92714-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-92714-5 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013932331 Mathematics Subject Classification: 51-01, 51-02, 51A25, 51M20, 00A06, 00A69, 01-01 © Marjorie Senechal 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publishers location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Author Version (PDF)
    Nanoscale Accepted Manuscript This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. We will replace this Accepted Manuscript with the edited and formatted Advance Article as soon as it is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/nanoscale Page 1 of 12 Please doNanoscale not adjust margins Journal Name ARTICLE Morphology Evolution of Single-Crystalline Hematite Nanocrystals: Magnetically Recoverable Nanocatalyst for Received 00th January 20xx, Accepted 00th January 20xx Enhanced Facets-Driven Photoredox Activity a b b a DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x Astam K. Patra, Sudipta K. Kundu, Asim Bhaumik, Dukjoon Kim * www.rsc.org/ We have developed a new green chemical approach for the shape-controlled synthesis of single-crystalline hematite nanocrystals in aqueous medium. FESEM, HRTEM and SAED techniques were used to determine morphology and crystallographic orientations of each nanocrystal and its exposed facets.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Parametrics 2 10.0 Environmental Parametrics 2 | Kim + Lee
    10 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETRICS 2 10.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETRICS 2 | KIM + LEE A SYSTEMIZED AGGREGATION WITH GENERATIVE GROWTH MECHANISM IN SOLAR ENVIRONMENT Dongil Kim ABSTRACT KL’IP; University of California, Berkeley The paper demonstrates a work-in-progress research on an agent-based aggregation Seojoo Lee model for architectural applications with a system of assembly based on environmental KL’IP; University of California, Berkeley data acting as a driver for a growth mechanism. Even though the generative design and algorithms have been widely employed in the field of art and architecture, such applications tend to stay in morphological explorations. This paper examines an aggregation model based on the Diffusion Limited Aggregation system incorporating solar environment analysis for global perspective of aggregation, the geometry research for lattice systems, and morphological principles of unit module at local scale. The later part of this research paper demonstrates the potential of a design process through the “Constructed Cloud” case study, including site-specific applications and the implementation of the systemized rule set (Figure 1). Figure 1 Fully aggregated model in response to solar vector. 406_407 ACADIA 2015 | COMPUTATIONAL ECOLOGIES 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERATIVE DESIGN Generative design is a design methodology in which the output is generated by a set of rules or algorithms, normally implemented on the computer. In the early 1970s, Prof. Ralph L. Knowles at the University of Southern California implemented an external fac- Figure 2 tor, a solar vector data, as the main principle for the design rule set in The Solar Envelope Tetrahedron liner aggregation study 01. project where all adjacent neighbors are capable of solar access.
    [Show full text]
  • A Note on Lattice Coverings
    A Note on Lattice Coverings Fei Xue and Chuanming Zong School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. [email protected] Abstract. Whenever n 3, there is a lattice covering C +Λ of En by a centrally symmetric convex≥ body C such that C does not contain any paral- lelohedron P that P + Λ is a tiling of En. 1. Introduction Let K denote an n-dimensional convex body and let C denote a centrally sym- metric one centered at the origin of En. In particular, let P denote an n-dimensional parallelohedron. In other words, there is a suitable lattice Λ such that P + Λ is a tiling of En. In 1885, E.S. Fedorov [3] discovered that, in E2 a parallelohedron is either a parallelogram or a centrally symmetric hexagon (Figure 1); in E3 a parallelohedron can be and only can be a parallelotope, a hexagonal prism, a rhombic dodecahedron, an elongated octahedron, or a truncated octahedron (Figure 2). parallelogram centrally symmetric hexagon Figure 1 arXiv:1402.4965v1 [math.MG] 20 Feb 2014 Let θt(K) denote the density of the thinnest translative covering of En by K and let θl(K) denote the density of the thinnest lattice covering of En by K. For convenience, let Bn denote the n-dimensional unit ball and let T n denote the n-dimensional simplex with unit edges. In 1939, Kerschner [7] proved θt(B2) = θl(B2) = 2π/√27. In 1946 and 1950, L. Fejes Toth [5] and [6] proved that θt(C)= θl(C) 2π/√27 holds for all two-dimensional centrally symmetric convex domains, where≤ equality is attained precisely for the ellipses.
    [Show full text]