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Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide 2021 - 2022

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Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide 2021 - 2022 Arkansas University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service AG1304 Illinois University of Illinois Extension ICSG-18 Indiana Purdue Extension ID-465 Iowa Iowa State University Extension and Outreach HORT 3035 Kansas Kansas State Research and Extension MF3278 Kentucky University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service ID-232 Minnesota University of Minnesota Extension Ohio Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 506 Wisconsin University of Wisconsin-Extension A4104 About This Guide The Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide 2021-2022 was developed by the Midwest Fruit Workers Group. Members of the Midwest Fruit Workers Group are in the process of changing the format of this publication. We hope the new versions (for apples and grapes) make it easier for producers to find the accurate information they need for managing pests in fruit crops. We believe this new format provides readers with information that is concise and easy to understand. We are working to transition the rest of the guide to this format. We welcome your comments, criticisms and suggestions. The print copy guide of the guide will be revised every other year. Updated version of the guide can be found at: https://ag.purdue.edu/hla/Hort/Documents/ID-465.pdf Printed copies of this publication are available from the Purdue Extension Education Store, www.edustore. purdue. edu. A free PDF download also is available from the Education Store or from your state’s cooperative extension service. The group wishes to acknowledge the organization abilities of Lina Rodriguez-Salamanca and Joseph Hannan in converting files into database format. Table layout and database development was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Crop Protection and Pest Management Program through the North Central IPM Center (2018-70006-28883). This was a monumental undertaking that we hope will improve the updating and accu- racy of this guide. Fungicide efficacy tables for all crops were compiled by Megan Heller-Haas and Janna Beckerman. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) grant number 2017-70006-27140/IND11460G4-1013877. The Midwest Fruit Workers Group also publishes companions to this guide, including the Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook and Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook. Contact your state Cooperative Extension office for information about these publications. Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook The Midwest Small Fruit Pest Management Handbook is a companion publication to this guide. It contains additional in- formation about control strategies for small fruit diseases, insect pests, and weeds. Pesticide safety, sprayer calibration, plant nutrition, and weed identification are also covered. Copies of the publication (Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 861) may be available from your state Extension office or from Ohio State University Extension Publications, 385 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1044, 614-292-1607. You can also order it from Ohioline, ohioline.osu.edu. Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook The Midwest Tree Fruit Pest Management Handbook also is a companion to this guide. It contains additional information about pesticide safety, sprayer calibration, tree fruit diseases, insect pests, and weeds, pesticide characteristics, growth regulators, spray adjuvants, and other related topics. Copies are available from your state Extension service. Legal Responsibilities for Pesticide Use The pesticides suggested in this publication have been registered by the Pesticides Regulation Division of the Environ- mental Protection Agency. At the time of printing, these pesticides were registered for use as indicated on the individ- ual product labels. These registrations can change at any time. To keep informed of the latest updates on pesticide registrations, the Web version of this publication is updated regularly. It is available from the Purdue Extension Education Store, https://ag.purdue.edu/hla/Hort/Documents/ID-465.pdf Your responsibility as a pesticide user is to read and follow all current label directions for the specific pesticide being used. Strictly observe the legal limitations on the use of these pesticides to prevent excessive residues in or on har- vested fruit. All growers should read product labels, follow directions carefully, and observe pre-harvest intervals and application rates. Pesticide labels are available on the following sites: CDMS.net/label-Database; Agrian.com; and through many suppliers’ websites. Not all products listed in this guide are registered in every state. To be sure a product is registered in your state, check the National Pesticide Information Retrieval Service: npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu. Some of the pesticides suggested in this publication are on the EPA Restricted Use List, and users must be certified pri- vate applicators to purchase and apply these materials. Record-keeping requirements are more stringent for restricted use pesticides. Remember: The pesticide label is a legal document. Midwest Fruit Pest Management Contents Guide 2021-2022 Forward . 3 Apple . 13 Editors-in-Chief Pear . 60 Janna Beckerman, Purdue University Lina Rodriguez-Salamanca, Iowa State University Cherry . 72 Peach . 87 Section Editors Plum . 105 Kacie Athey, University of Illinois Special Problems and Pests of Stone Fruit . 111 Janna Beckerman and Elizabeth Long, Purdue University Ric Bessin and John Strang, University of Kentucky Grape . 119 Christelle Guedot, University of Wisconsin Blueberry . .151 Donald Lewis and Lina Rodriguez-Salamanca, Iowa State University Raspberry and Blackberry . 161 Melanie Lewis-Ivey and Celeste Welty, Ohio State University Strawberry . 172 Contributors Vole Control . 185. University of Illinois: Kacie Athey, Mohammad Babadoost and Fungicide PHIs and REIs . 187 Elizabeth Wahle Insecticide and Miticide PHIs and REIs . 188 Iowa State University: Joseph Hannan, Donald Lewis and Growth Regulator PHIs and REIs . 194 Lina Rodriguez-Salamanca Chemical Weed Control in Fruit Crops . 195 University of Kansas: Rodrigo Onofre Generic Pesticides . 218 University of Kentucky: Ric Bessin, John Strang, Nicole W . Gauthier, Generic Herbicides . .221 Chris Smigell and Shawn Wright Suggested Recordkeeping Form for Restricted Use Pesticide . 224 University of Minnesota: Annie Klodd Fruit Grower Newsletters . 226 Ohio State University: Melanie Lewis-Ivey, Celeste Welty Pesticide Drift Communication Tools . 227 Purdue University: Janna Beckerman, Bruce Bordelon, Megan Heller Haas, Using a Plant Diagnostic Lab . 227 Elizabeth Long, Stephen Meyers and Tristand Tucker Pesticide Applicator Safety Education Programs . 230 University of Wisconsin: Christelle Guedot, Leslie Holland Pesticide Emergency and Poison Control Centers . 231 Conversion Factors for Weights and Measures . 232 this information to set up your own spray program. Foreword You should keep accurate records of materials used, Commercial fruit production has become a highly application dates, areas treated, growth stages, and skilled, technical profession. Concerns about pesticide weather conditions. Sample record sheets are on pages residues, operator risks, and the environment dictate 224-225. In case of questions, nothing beats a good that all fruit growers exercise extreme caution in the set of records. The EPA requires records for restricted use of all pesticides, and indeed, all chemicals. The use pesticide applications. Some states may require Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated records for general use pesticides (e.g., Kentucky has a number of fruit pesticides as “restricted use.” Growers this requirement). who plan to use these restricted materials must be certified as private applicators. Handling Pesticides Certification requires that applicators understand the 1. Know the pesticide toxicity and act accordingly. following: labels and labeling, safety factors, potential 2. When mixing pesticides do not breathe the dust, environmental concerns, identification of common powder, or vapor. Always mix outdoors. pests encountered, pesticides and their use, proper equipment use, application techniques, and applicable 3. Do not use tobacco, eat, or drink when handling or state and federal regulations. Training programs are applying pesticides. offered to help you in certification. Contact your 4. Stay out of drift from spray or dust. county Extension office for information. 5. Rinse liquid containers with water at least three The pest management recommendations in this times and pour rinsate into spray tank as it is being guide have been formulated to provide you with filled. Punch holes in metal and plastic containers up-to-date information about pesticides and their and crush. Dispose of these and all other pesticide applicability to your problem. We suggest that you use containers where no contamination of crops or 3 water supply can occur. Do not reuse pesticide 9. Inform all workers of re-entry restrictions and containers. information on safe pesticide use and/or training to 6. Use an adequate respirator and protective clothing, meet OSHA requirements. especially when mixing pesticides. Necessary 10. Comply with the Right-To-Know law. Have protective equipment is listed on pesticide labels. complete product labels readily available for 7. Have a “buddy” around when using acutely toxic workers to see. Have the Material Safety Data Sheet organophosphates,
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