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2013 Pest Management Guide for TREE FRUITS in the MID-COLUMBIA AREA Hood River • the Dalles • White Salmon EM 8203-E • Revised January 2013 DATE

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2013 Pest Management Guide for TREE FRUITS in the MID-COLUMBIA AREA Hood River • the Dalles • White Salmon EM 8203-E • Revised January 2013 DATE DATE. OF OUT IS 2013 Pest Management Guide FOR TREE FRUITS IN THE MID-COLUMBIA AREA information: Hood River • The Dalles • White Salmon PUBLICATIONcurrent EM 8203-E • Revised January 2013 most THIS For http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog CAUTION! Pesticides must be used as directed on the label. Read and follow the label when applying pesticides. Using pesticides safely ..................................................................................................................1 Organophosphate and carbamate pesticide poisoning and cholinesterase monitoring ..............17 Trade and common names of fungicides, insecticides, and miticides used in the Mid-Columbia region, and restricted-entry intervals (REI)...........................................................18 Orchard pest management ..........................................................................................................19 Cherry fruit fly control area order and Integrated Pest Management ..........................................19 Dilutions for wettable powder and liquid products .......................................................................19 Pesticide stewardship ..................................................................................................................20 Suggested best management practices for orchard spraying .....................................................20 Honeybee hazard of pesticides for pears, apples, and cherries .................................................21 Pesticide resistance management...............................................................................................DATE. 22 Natural enemy impact guide for tree fruit pesticides ...................................................................23 Spotts model for estimating pear scab infection periods .............................................................24 Twelve steps to manage bacterial canker of sweet cherry ..........................................................OF 24 Apple scab infection ....................................................................................................................25 Internet resources for plant protection in the Mid-Columbia area................................................25 Bud development chart................................................................................................................OUT 26 2013 Mid-Columbia pest control program for pears ....................................................................27 Relative efficacy guide for pesticides used on pear―prebloomIS ..................................................48 Relative efficacy guide for pesticides used on pear―postbloom ................................................49 Effectiveness of fungicides and bactericides for control of pear diseases ..................................50 2013 Mid-Columbia pest control program for apples...................................................................51 Effectiveness of fungicides for control of appleinformation: diseases ............................................................ 71 2013 Mid-Columbia pest control program for cherries ................................................................72 Effectiveness of fungicides and bactericides for control of cherry diseases ................................87 Quick guide to herbicides for pears, apples, and cherries ......................................................... 88 Nutrient sprays ............................................................................................................................90 Spray program for nutrientscurrent ......................................................................................................... 91 Growth regulatorPUBLICATION sprays .............................................................................................................. 93 Chemical thinning sprays ............................................................................................................93 Chemical thinning sprays for apples............................................................................................93 Chemical thinningmost sprays for pears .............................................................................................94 THISStop drop sprays .........................................................................................................................94 Plant growth regulator for apples.................................................................................................94 PlantFor growth regulator for cherries ..............................................................................................94 This publicationhttp://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog is available online by searching the Extension catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/ For information on pest management in peaches, see the Peach Pest Management Guide for Oregon at http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/20060/em8419.pdf For more information, including information on bioregulator sprays, see the Crop Protection Guide for Tree Fruits in Washington at http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/eb0419/eb0419.pdf Using Pesticides Safely Ronda E. Hirnyck Always Read the Label Take the pesticide label (or information from the label— the product name, EPA registration number, common The single most important approach to pesticide safety name, percentage of active ingredient, and first aid is to read the pesticide label before each use and then fol- instructions) to the physician. If the label cannot be low the directions. If still in doubt after reading the label, removed, take the pesticide container (if not contami- contact a person qualified to help evaluate the hazard of nated), but do not take it into the hospital or doctor’s the chemical and its use. Qualified people include exten- office. DATE. sion specialists, county educators, and pesticide product representatives. Information regarding pesticides can also be obtained from the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) Pesticides are toxic and should be handled with care— OF but pesticides can be used safely if you follow recom- 1-800-858-7378 – 6:30 am to 4:30 pm Pacific Time or mended precautions. Follow all label requirements; www.npic.orst.edu anytime strongly consider any recommendations for additional Information is printed in English and Spanish and available personal protective clothing and equipment. In addition inOUT over 170 languages through the use of an over-the- to reading and following the label, other major factors in phone language service. the safe and effective use of pesticides are the pesticide applicator’s common sense, qualifications, and good ISIf labeling instructions are not available, follow these attitude. Always take all safety precautions when using general guidelines for first aid. pesticides. • The best first aid in pesticide emergencies is to In case of accidents involving pesticides, see your doctor remove the source of pesticide exposure as quickly at once. It will help your doctor to know exactly which as possible. Removing the victim from the source pesticide is involved. The label on the container givesinformation: not only protects him or her from further poisoning this information. Take to the physician the pesticide but also protects you while you administer first aid. label or information from the label, such as the product • First aid is the initial effort to help a victim while name, registration number of the U.S. Environmental medical help is on the way. If you are alone with Protection Agency (EPA), common name and percentage the victim, make sure the victim is breathing and is of active ingredient, and first aid instructions. If the label not being further exposed to the pesticide before you cannot be removed, take along thecurrent pesticide container (if call for emergency help. Apply artificial respiration if not contaminated),PUBLICATION but do not take it into the hospital or the victim is not breathing. Do not become exposed doctor’s office. to the pesticide yourself while you are trying to help. • Pesticide on skin—Drench contaminated exposed What to Do inmost Case of Pesticide skin with plenty of water. Remove personal protec- PoisoningTHIS tive equipment and contaminated clothing. Wash skin and hair with a mild detergent and water. Dry Follow the specific first-aid instructions on the pesticideFor label. victim and keep him or her comfortable. Pesticide in eye If someone has unexplained symptoms that MAY be • —Wash the eye quickly but gently related to pesticides,http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog DO NOT DELAY. Get medical with clean running water. Rinse eye for 15 minutes advice quickly: or more. • Inhaled pesticide—Get the victim to fresh air Call the Poison Center (toll free) at 1-800-222-1222 or immediately. Loosen tight clothing on the victim that call your doctor. would constrict breathing. Apply artificial respiration 1 if the victim is not breathing or has bluish skin. If vegetables in the field. Time limits from application pesticide or vomit is in the victim’s mouth or on the to harvest (preharvest intervals, or PHI) are to protect face, avoid direct contact and use a shaped airway the consumer from harmful residues. Disregarding tube, if available, for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. these limits presents a special hazard to the picker, • Pesticide in mouth or swallowed—Rinse mouth grower, and field person. with plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting
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