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Pest Management Guide for TREE FRUITS in the MID-COLUMBIA AREA Hood River • the Dalles • White Salmon

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Pest Management Guide for TREE FRUITS in the MID-COLUMBIA AREA Hood River • the Dalles • White Salmon DATE. OF OUT IS 2014 Pest Management Guide FOR TREE FRUITS IN THE MID-COLUMBIA AREA information: Hood River • The Dalles • White Salmon current PUBLICATION EM 8203-E • Revised January 2014 most THIS For http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog CAUTION! Pesticides must be used as directed on the label. Read and follow the label when applying pesticides. Using pesticides safely ..................................................................................................................1 Organophosphate and carbamate pesticide poisoning and cholinesterase monitoring ..............17 Trade and common names of fungicides, insecticides, and miticides used in the Mid-Columbia region, and restricted-entry intervals (REI)...........................................................18 Orchard pest management ..........................................................................................................19 Cherry fruit fly control area order and Integrated Pest Management ..........................................19 Dilutions for wettable powder and liquid products .......................................................................19 Pesticide stewardship ..................................................................................................................20 Suggested best management practices for orchard spraying .....................................................20 Honeybee hazard of pesticides for pears, apples, and cherries .................................................21 Pesticide resistance management...............................................................................................23 Natural enemy impact guide for tree fruit pesticides ...................................................................DATE.24 Spotts model for estimating pear scab infection periods .............................................................25 Twelve steps to manage bacterial canker of sweet cherry ..........................................................OF 25 Apple scab infection ....................................................................................................................26 Internet resources for plant protection in the Mid-Columbia area................................................26 Bud development chart................................................................................................................27 2014 Mid-Columbia pest control program for pears ....................................................................OUT 28 Relative efficacy guide for pesticides used on pear―prebloom ..................................................49 Relative efficacy guide for pesticides used on pear―postbloomIS ................................................50 Effectiveness of fungicides and bactericides for control of pear diseases ..................................51 2014 Mid-Columbia pest control program for apples...................................................................52 Effectiveness of fungicides for control of apple diseases ............................................................73 2014 Mid-Columbia pest control program for cherriesinformation: ................................................................ 74 Effectiveness of fungicides and bactericides for control of cherry diseases ................................89 Quick guide to herbicides for pears, apples, and cherries ......................................................... 90 Nutrient sprays ............................................................................................................................92 Spray program for nutrients .........................................................................................................93 Growth regulator sprays ..............................................................................................................current 95 Chemical thinningPUBLICATION sprays ............................................................................................................ 95 Chemical thinning sprays for apples............................................................................................95 Chemical thinning sprays for pears .............................................................................................96 Stop drop spraysmost ......................................................................................................................... 96 PlantTHIS growth regulator for apples.................................................................................................96 Plant growthFor regulator for cherries ..............................................................................................96 For information on pest management in peaches, see the Peach Pest Management Guide for Oregon (EM 8419)http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog, updated annually and available online by searching the Oregon State University Extension catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/ For more information, including information on bioregulator sprays, see the Crop Protection Guide for Tree Fruits in Washington (EB 0419) available to view online at http://www.tfrec.wsu.edu/pages/cpg/Home or to order at https://pubs.wsu.edu/ItemDetail.aspx?ProductID=13319 Using Pesticides Safely Ronda E. Hirnyck Always Read the Label instructions) to the physician. If the label cannot be The single most important approach to pesticide safety is to removed, take the pesticide container (if not contami- read the pesticide label before each use and then follow the nated), but do not take it into the hospital or doctor’s directions. If still in doubt after reading the label, contact a office. person qualified to help evaluate the hazard of the chemical Information regarding pesticides can also be obtained and its use. Qualified people include extension specialists, from the National Pesticide Information Center county educators, pesticide product representatives, and (NPIC) 1-800-858-7378 (7:30DATE. am to 3:30 pm Pacific retailers. Standard Time, Monday – Friday). Pesticides are toxic and should be handled with care— Email: [email protected] or visit www.npic.orst.edu at but pesticides can be used safely if you follow recom- any time OF mended precautions. Follow all label requirements; Information is printed in English and Spanish and available strongly consider any recommendations for additional in over 170 languages through the use of an over-the- personal protective clothing and equipment. In addition phone language service. to reading and following the label, other major factors in the safe and effective use of pesticides are the pesticide If labelingOUT instructions are not available, follow these applicator’s qualifications, common sense, and good general guidelines for first aid. attitude. Always take all safety precautions when using IS• The best first aid in pesticide emergencies is pesticides. to remove the source of pesticide exposure as In case of accidents involving pesticides, see your doctor quickly as possible. Removing the victim from the at once. It will help your doctor to know exactly which source not only protects him or her from further pesticide is involved. The label on the container gives poisoning but also protects you while you administer this information. Take to the physician the pesticide information:first aid. label or information from the label, such as the product • First aid is the initial effort to help a victim while name, registration number of the U.S. Environmental medical help is on the way. If you are alone with Protection Agency (EPA), common name and percentage the victim, make sure the victim is breathing and of active ingredient, and first aid instructions. If the label is not being further exposed to the pesticide before cannot be removed, take along the pesticide container (if you call for emergency help. Apply artificial respira- not contaminated), but do not take itcurrent into the hospital or tion if the victim is not breathing. Do not become doctor’s office. PUBLICATION exposed to the pesticide yourself while you are try- ing to help. What to Do in Case of Pesticide Poisoning • Pesticide on skin—Drench contaminated exposed skin with plenty of water. Remove personal protec- Follow the specificmost first-aid instructions on tive equipment and contaminated clothing. Wash the pesticideTHIS label. skin and hair with a mild detergent and water. Dry If someone has unexplained symptoms that MAY be victim and keep him or her comfortable. related to pesticides,For DO NOT DELAY. Get medical • Pesticide in eye—Wash the eye quickly but gently advice quickly: with clean running water. Rinse eye for 15 minutes Call the Poison Centerhttp://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog (toll free) at 1-800-222-1222 or or more. call your doctor. • Inhaled pesticide—Get the victim to fresh air Take the pesticide label (or information from the label— immediately. Loosen tight clothing on the victim the product name, EPA registration number, common that would constrict breathing. Apply artificial res- name, percentage of active ingredient, and first aid piration if the victim is not breathing. If pesticide or 1 vomit is in the victim’s mouth or on the face, avoid • First-aid kit—A properly equipped portable first-aid direct contact and use a shaped airway tube, if avail- kit can be important in a pesticide emergency. Make able, for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. sure one is available at each work site. • Pesticide in mouth or swallowed—Rinse mouth with plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting
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