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Congressional Record. 343 lb76. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 343 Born and reared under the most a.dver e circumstances, it was not He was combative and always armed and equipped for the fray. He possible that the features and geneml ·contonr of his mind should did not wait to be assailed, but was usually the first to enter the be shaped in complete harmony or perfect regularity. Something lists, and no matter bow great the odds against him, or how formid­ of ruggedne and angularity of mental, moral, and social charac­ able the ::mtagonist, he was eager for the contest. He was also teristics must result from such surroundings a~ encompas ed his aggres ive. He cho e to carry the war into the enemy's territory, early life. His poverty and want of education fettered a bold and and it wa hard to drive him to a def~nsive attitude; nor would he ambitious spirit, capable of the highest aspirations. The very un­ leave the field 1mtil he had won a complete victory or had suffered a equal distribution of a{ivantages doubtless appeared to him in the decisive defeat. His life was a contest, and his love of fight some­ aspect of a wrong. A restless and longing mind, shackled and im­ times precipitated him into controversies which had been better prisoned, is not apt to be always reasonable and just when it di cov­ avoided. He was feade , self-reliant, and bold, and never bent "the ers, in the pathway through which its aspirations lead, obstacles pregnant hinges of the knee where thrift may follow fawning." whic:P. seem to be insurmountable, and beholds beyond them t,hose Mr. J OH...~SON wa an honest man. He was never accused of du­ who hav-e been favored by fortune. plicity or unfair dealing. His errors resulted from his convictions of Mr. JoHNSON's associations from his birth to his manhood were right. Though for forty years he wa~ in the public service, anu often with the poor and unlearned. Rising thence by his unaided exertions, in situations in which gratuities and bribes might have been accepted he was under no obligation to those who had moved in a sphere supe.­ or public funds appropriated with little fear of detection, yet no stain rior to his, and felt none. His sympathies were and they remained of official corruption had soiled his hands or life.- Frugality was a with the class of society in which he had been trained. He ha{} not habit with him, and yet out of his salaries in public life he aved only in youth fallen under the refining influences which do so much to a fair competence. soften, enlarge, and diversify man's habitudes and tendencies, His There were two central ideas around which all his political views prejudices in favor of the feebler rauks of population became a men­ revolved and to which hi actions were subordinated. He r garded tal habit before he wa~ able to raise himself into more liberal and the Constitution, State and Federal, with a veneration and dev-otion enlightened companionship. Of this kinship with the humble be wa~ of kin to fanaticism. H e appealed to the Constitution on all o ·ca­ never ashamed, but it produced in him a. -uistrust of the leaders of sions and under all circum tanceR, was constantly in apprehension of society and parties, and led him to the utterance of sentiments on its violation, and everywhere held it up before the assemblies and some occasions which were charged to be agrarian in tendency and tribunals of the nation and, demanded that every jot and tittle of it caused many to allege that he was a demagogue. · 1\fr. J OHNSO~ was be observed. With him it was the ark of our safety, a acreu and neither an agrarian nor a demagogue. He never put his trnst in privileged as was that ark of Israel which could not be tonched by princes or courted the favor of party leaders, nor was he loved by profane hands. No mea ure, howsoever great in its expediency or them. His whole life was a scene of conflict and his triumphs ·were utility, could receive his suppod or sanction lmles it had certain in spite of leaders. His faith was in the people. Them he loved and warr.ant in the Constitution. His other grand idea was confidence in trusted. He reposed upon their honor, honesty, patriotism, and vir­ the people and a str~ct regard for the protection and ccnrity of their tue. His tribunal of last resort was the people, and to them he interest and the pre ervation of their libertie . Amplify hi · theory appealed. When parties and platforms displeased him he turned his as he might, t.he e ideas composed its sub tanco. He feared the en­ back upon them and raJlied his countrymen around him. They loved croachments of the Government upon the rights of the people. The him, and whether he followed party or not they followed him in mul­ times of the Cresars, when the Republic of Rome was tran ·formed into titudes. an empire, and of the Charleses of England, when the prerogatives of On the day of his funeral, if one ha.dstood by the grave of our late the crown were extended and enlarged at the expense of the libertie President, and had seen the procession which came to it with the · of the people, were with him favorite fields of history, which he care­ body of the dead statesman, among the thousanus there he would fully explored and often referred to a~ exhibiting the dangers which have discovered not many of earth's great ones ; not many in office; threaten a civilized free gqvernment. no display of "pomp and circumstance." A plain hearse carried the Mr. J Olli....,SON'S skill was not so mnch in construction as in resistance remains of the great dead. Two or three carriages held the members to the schemes and measures of others. His great desire and aim of his family. In that vast procession there was no other vehicle. were t.o maintain and preserve what our fathers had hamled down to But the people whom Mr. JOHNSON ba{} loved were there. They had us. He was ~aid that change might mar their work. gathered from the fields and workshops, from the mountains and the Mr. JOHNSON will be a marvel m history. His ascent from the valleys, their faces browned by the sun and their hands hardened by lowest station in society, without adventitiou aids or fortunate acci­ toil. They had all come ; the old, tho e of middle age, the youthful, dents, and 'vith surrounding the mo t unpromising, to the grand ele­ and the children. There was none of the pageantry and display which vation he attained, cannot be understood and appr ciated in any land usually follow earth's great ones to sepulture, but in their stead were bnt ours, and it is au a~tonishing consummation in it, furnishing sad faces and tears, such as go only with loved ones to the tomb. In splendid evidence of the value, power, and glory of our institutions. the solemnity of that hour tbemountains, which had stood the senti­ He will be held up to the ages to dome a~ an illustrious example of nels of Mr. JOHNSON'S home and now look down upon his sepulcher, what the poorest and ob curest boy may accomplish if he but have seemed to join in the general sorrow. perseverance, pluck, and capacity. Another shining example of this In the beginning of our recent civil struggle 1\Ir. JOHNSON's infl.n­ class is found in him who so lately, 1\Ir. President, filled with so much ence, coura.!!e, and activity contributed most powerfully to carry with distinction the chair in which you sit to-day. him a majority of the people of his section of the State in favor of 1\Ir. JOHNSON has gone from this presence and this Chamber, and the Fede!al Union. The authorities of his State, with armies to en­ will return no more. The" insatiate archer" has no respect for per­ force obedience, were against him, and be had no support at hand but sons, station, or mnk. The king and the peasant, the Pre ideut ancl his unarmed and undiscjpline(l multitude; till, unintimidated by the beggar alike... become his victims; but, among all the country's threats and unaweu by danger, be held aloft the banner of the Union dead, this Government ha~ never lost, and never will lose, a more loyal and appealed to the people to uphold it. We know something of the and fearless defender or its people a more devoted friend than fearful animosities engendered in a community divided in civil war; ANDREW JOHNSO~. how the passions are turned loo e to deeds of horror at which the blood freezes. Power is used with a remorseless h and, and be who stands The resolutions were adopted unanimously, and the Senate (at two in its way is in constant peril. o'clock and thirty-eight minutes p . m.) adjourned. · It was from such a condition of affairs as this, with its hate, re­ venge, and scenes of blood fresh in his mind, that 1\Ir. JOHNSON en­ tered tho presidential chair. I remember well the alarm of the people of the South when the sad news was borne to them of President Lin­ coln's assassination. Mr. JOHNSON'S denunciations of those who bad HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
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