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Parasitic Acari from Four Oklahoma Vertebrates (Aves, Mammalia), Including New State Records for Mites (Laelapidae, Listrophoridae, Macronyssidae) Chris T

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Parasitic Acari from Four Oklahoma Vertebrates (Aves, Mammalia), Including New State Records for Mites (Laelapidae, Listrophoridae, Macronyssidae) Chris T 21 Parasitic Acari from Four Oklahoma Vertebrates (Aves, Mammalia), Including New State Records for Mites (Laelapidae, Listrophoridae, Macronyssidae) Chris T. McAllister Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, OK 74745 Lance A. Durden Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458 Over the last decade, our community Ectoparasite Collection in the Department collaborative efforts have provided several new of Biology at Georgia Southern University, records for mites (including chiggers), ticks, Statesboro, Georgia. Voucher hosts were lice, and fleas parasitizing Oklahoma vertebrates deposited in the Henderson State University (McAllister et al. 2013b, c, 2014a, b, 2015; (HSU) collection, Arkadelphia, Arkansas. Connior et al. 2015). To that end, we report additional ectoparasite records for a bird and Acari: Laelapidae three mammalian hosts from the state. Echinonyssus blarinae (Herrin) – No common name (NCN). Seven female E. Collections were made between July 2014 blarinae (accession no. L-3800A) were collected and April 2017 from sites in McCurtain County from two of three B. carolinensis. This mite has and hosts and/or their nests were examined for previously been reported from seven species of ectoparasites as follows: a road-killed eastern soricomorphs (including B. carolinensis) and gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis was taken from at least 17 States and Canadian Provinces on 2 July 2014 from Broken Bow off Memorial (Whitaker and Wilson 1974; Ritzi et al. 2005; Drive (34° 00’ 41.8566”N, 94° 44’ 53.7972”W); Whitaker et al. 1994, 2007; Nims et al. 2008; a nuisance adult Virginia opossum (Didelphis Sylvester et al. 2012; Connior et al. 2014). virginiana) was killed on 7 March 2016 by a local However, this is the first record from Oklahoma. landowner in Idabel off Chico Road (33° 53’ 12.2028”N, 94° 54’ 48.5598”W); three southern Listrophoridae short-tailed shrews (Blarina carolinensis) Olistrophorus blarina (Fain and Hyland) were collected by hand on 29 November – NCN. Six adult O. blarina (L-3800B) was 2016 from Hochatown on Halibut Bay Road collected from two of three B. carolinensis. This (34° 10’ 16.2114”N, 94° 45’ 7.6278”W); and is a very small fur mite which has previously a barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) nest was been collected from northern short-tailed shrew examined on April 2017 from the same locale (B. brevicauda), B. carolinensis, and Elliot’s in Hochatown. Mites and ticks were collected short-tailed shrew (B. hylophaga ), and has been and placed in vials containing 70% ethanol reported from eight U.S. States (Whitaker and and shipped to the junior author for specific Wilson 1974; Whitaker et al. 1994, 2007; Ritzi identification. Ectoparasites were processed and et al. 2005; Nims et al. 2008; Connior et al. identified using appropriate guides (Whitaker 2014). However, we document the first record 1982; Benton 1983; Keirans and Litwak 1989; of this mite from Oklahoma. Keirans and Durden 1998). Voucher specimens of ectoparasites were deposited in the General Macronyssidae Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 97: pp 21 - 24 (2017) C.T. McAllister and L.A. Durden 22 Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese) – tropical and a few records from rodents, the latter hosts fowl mite. Hundreds of O. bursa (males, are likely considered accidental (Yunker et al. females, and larvae, L-3805) were found in 1990). In the U.S., this mite has been reported a nest of H. rustica. The tropical fowl mite is previously from D. virginiana from Georgia, almost entirely restricted to warm tropical and New Jersey, Tennessee, and West Virginia subtropical regions of most biogeographical (Whitaker et al. 2007) (Fig. 1). We provide realms. It is a hematophagous mite commonly the first record of O. wernecki from west of found on a variety of wild and domestic birds, the Mississippi River and, as such, this also including canaries, caracara, chickens, common represents a new state record for Oklahoma. sparrow, ducks, English and European starlings, kingbird, meadowlark, pigeons, red-eyed vireo, Ixodidae turkey, and wood thrush, and other wild birds; Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus) – they also occasionally bite humans (Denmark Lone star tick. A single nymphal A. americanum and Cromroy 2015). It is rarely found on (L-3724) was taken from S. carolinensis. This mammals, but where infested birds are nesting is one of the most abundant tick species in the in close proximity to humans, these mites may eastern United States and adults parasitize a enter homes and bite its inhabitants. This is the variety of medium to large-sized mammals, first time, to our knowledge, that O. bursa has especially white- tailed deer (Odocoileus been reported from Oklahoma. virginianus), whereas immatures feed on various birds and mammals (Cooley and Kohls Ornithonyssus wernecki (Fonseca) – NCN. 1944; McAllister et al. 2016). There is a record Two female O. wernecki (L-3740) were found of A. americanum from an eastern fox squirrel on D. virginiana. This mite is primarily an (Sciurus niger) in Arkansas (McAllister et al. ectoparasite of New World marsupials and has 2016) and Durden et al. (2004) reported this tick been recorded from the eastern U.S., Brazil, from S. carolinensis in Georgia. However, this Panama, Surinam, and Venezuela (Fonseca, is the first time this tick has been reported from 1948; Micherdzinski, 1980). Although there is S. carolinensis in Oklahoma. a record from northern raccoon (Procyon lotor) Figure 1. Records of Ornithonyssus wernecki from five states. Dots = previous records; star = new state record. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 97: pp 21 - 24 (2017) Parasitic Acari from Four Oklahoma Vertebrates 23 Dermacenter variabilis (Say) – American Denmark HA, Cromroy HL. 1987. Tropical dog tick. An unengorged female D. variabilis fowl mite. Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese). (L-3724) was taken from S. carolinensis. This Florida Department of Agriculture and tick is widely distributed in the eastern United Consumer Service, Division of Plant Industry, States and in some western states (Strickland Entomology Circular No. 299. 4 p. et al. 1976; McAllister et al. 2016). Adult D. Durden LA, Ellis BA, Banks CW, Crowe JD, variabilis usually infest dogs, raccoons, foxes, Oliver JH Jr. 2004. Ectoparasites of gray opossums, and humans; however, it is unusual squirrels in two different habitats and screening to find this tick on a squirrel. McAllister et of selected ectoparasites for Bartonellae. J. al. (2013a) reported one larval and two male Parasitol. 90:485–489. D. variabilis on S. niger from Arkansas, but Fonseca F da. 1948. A monograph of the genera here, we document a new host record for S. and species of Macronyssidae Oudemans, carolinensis. 1936 (Synon: Liponyssidae Vitzthum, 1931) (Acari). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 118:249– Oklahoma supports at least 106 species 334. of mammals with nearly half of these being Keirans JE, Durden LA. 1998. Illustrated key to rodents (Caire et al. 1989). Although we have nymphs of the tick genus Amblyomma (Acari: provided several new host and distributional Ixodidae) found in the United States. J. Med. records over the last decade, progress can be Entomol. 35:489–495. made when surveying additional potential hosts Keirans JE, Litwak TR. 1989. Pictorial key with the distinct possibility of discovering new to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae ectoparasite records. (Ixodida: Ixodoidea) east of the Mississippi River. J. Med. Entomol. 26:435–448. Acknowledgments McAllister CT, Bursey CR, Connior MB, Durden LA, Robison HW. 2014a. Helminth The Oklahoma Department of Wildlife and arthropod parasites of the ground skink, Conservation issued a Scientific Collecting Scincella lateralis (Sauria: Scincidae), from Permit to CTM. We thank Dr. R. Tumlison Arkansas and Oklahoma. Comp. Parasitol. (HSU) for expert curatorial assistance and 81:210–219. Mike Hill (EOSC-Idabel) for providing the D. McAllister CT, Connior MB, Bursey CR, virginiana. Durden LA, Seville RS, Robison HW, Trauth SE. 2015. Parasites (Coccidia, Trematoda, References Acari) of tri-colored bats, Perimyotis subflavus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): New Caire W, Tyler JD, Glass BP, Mares MA. geographical records for Oklahoma. Proc. 1989. Mammals of Oklahoma. University of Okla. Acad. Sci. 95:63–69. Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. 567 p. McAllister CT, Connior MB, Durden LA. Connior MB, Durden LA, McAllister CT. 2013a. Ectoparasites of sciurid rodents 2014. New records of ectoparasites and other in Arkansas, including new state records epifauna from Scalopus aquaticus and Blarina for Neohaematopinus spp. (Phthiraptera: carolinensis in Arkansas. J. Ark. Acad. Sci. Anoplura: Polyplacidae). J. Ark. Acad. Sci. 68:137–139. 67:197–199. Connior MB, Durden LA, McAllister CT. McAllister CT, Durden LA. 2014b. New records 2015. New county record for the least shrew, of chiggers and ticks from an Oklahoma Cryptotis parva, and notes on an ectoparasite, amphibian and reptile. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. Haemogamasus longitarsus. Proc. Okla. 40–43. Acad. Sci. 95:33–34. McAllister CT, Durden LA. 2014c. Cooley RA, Kohls GM. 1944. The genus Haemogamasus harperi Keegan (Arthopoda: Amblyomma (Ixodidae) in the U.S. J. Parasitol. Acari: Laelapidae): New to the mite fauna of 30:77–111. Oklahoma. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 94:70–72. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 97: pp 21 - 24 (2017) C.T. McAllister and L.A. Durden 24 McAllister CT, Durden LA, Connior MB. Sylvester TL, Hoffman JD, Lyons EK. 2012. Diet 2013b. New state records for the sucking and ectoparasites of the southern short-tailed louse, Hoplopleura sciuiricola (Anoplura: shrew (Blarina carolinensis) in Louisiana. W. Phtiraptera: Hoplopleuridae) and flea, Foxella North Amer. Nat. 72:586–590. ignota (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), from Walters DE, Krantz GW. 2009. Collection, Oklahoma. Proc. Okla. Acad. Sci. 93:25–28. rearing and preparing specimens. In: Krantz McAllister CT, Durden LA, Connior MB, GW, Walter DE, editors. A manual of Robison HW. 2013c. Parasitism of reptiles by acarology, 3rd edition. Lubbock (TX): Texas the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and Tech University Press. p 83–96. western blacklegged tick (Ixodes pacificus) Whitaker JO Jr, Hartman GD, Hein R.
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