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Potassium Acetate

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Potassium Acetate OKI GROUNDWATER COMMITTEE June 3, 2009 - 10:00 A.M. OKI Board Room 720 East Pete Rose Way (at the corner of Eggleston Avenue)* AGENDA 1. Welcome/Introductions 2. Announcements 3. OKI Staff Updates 4. Update on Local Groundwater Management Efforts Frank Bell, Mike Heuer, Greg Stanley, Bruce Whitteberry, Tom Yeager 5. The St. Clair Township Comprehensive Plan: Protecting Source Water and Community Character Jane Wittke, OKI 6. The Groundwater Implications of Geothermal Systems: Geothermal Systems in Ohio Russell Smith, Ohio Department of Health and Geothermal System Construction Jacob Crabtree, Crabtree Drilling Company 7. Other Business ADJOURNMENT ** SEE the MAP and DIRECTIONS on the REVERSE HARD COPY (or in separate attachment to email) Mill Creek Headwaters Project Funding Federal Funds: $498,000 from Ohio EPA under Section 319 of the Clean Water Act Local Match: $472,600 from West Chester Township’s conservation easements and project partners’ in-kind services Mill Creek Headwaters Project Purposes 1. Educate public on how to reduce water pollution 2. Evaluate best management practices 3. Reduce nonpoint source pollution by installing: • 400 feet of stabilized streambank • 3,000 feet of restored riparian corridor • 18 acres of restored floodplain wetland Project Partners •West Chester Township • OKI Regional Council of Governments • Butler Soil and Water Conservation District • Mill Creek Watershed Council of Communities • Butler County Engineer’s Office • Butler County Water and Sewer Department • Greenacres Foundation • University of Cincinnati (Dr. Michael C. Miller) • Schumacher Dugan Construction, Inc. West Chester Service Center Bio-Retention Ponds Federally reimbursed work • $199,000 – excavation, grading & drains • 93,000 – seeding, planting & mulching • 24,000 – design, permits & guidance • 5,000 – floodplain computer modeling $321,000 – federal funding for site work streambank stabilization project bush honeysuckle eradication bio-retention ponds, agri-drains, plantings, outlet stabilization 1875 McBride’s 1836 map of Union Township Roll out the matting along the streambank Mill Creek Headwaters Project: streambank stabilization site Add soil to the lift and compact it Mill Creek Headwaters Project: streambank stabilization site Remove soil lift forms to start another tier Mill Creek Headwaters Project: streambank stabilization site Streambank soil lifts are like giant burritos Mill Creek Headwaters Project: streambank stabilization site Within a month, bio-engineering took root nicely Mill Creek Headwaters Project: streambank stabilization site Seed the streambank and start a trench Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Place coir in the trench, then fill with dirt Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Pound big metal staples into the matting Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Take a yellow pond lily and . Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Gouge a hole in shallow water, then . Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Transplant the lily with the “touch-planting” technique Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site You can do wonders with a grubbing hoe, gardening trowel, and the right T-shirt Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site Wetland planting can be fun with a purpose Mill Creek Headwaters Project: bio-retention ponds site St. Clair Township Comprehensive Plan Protecting Drinking Water and Community Character St. Clair Township and Vicinity Sole Source Aquifer St. ClairSt. Township OKI’s Project Partners Butler County Planning Commission St. Clair Township Trustees HNB Ground Water Consortium Project Partners --Commitments from: St. Clair Township Trustees --$4,000 in staff time Butler County Planning Commission --$3,750 in staff time HNB Ground Water Consortium --$2,480 in staff time St. Clair Township Planning Project TOTAL PROJECT BUDGET MCD: $80,699 Partners: $10,230 $90,929 Advisory Committee’s Role Nov. 2007 – Nov. 2008 • Represent citizens & other stakeholders • Provide guidance to township staff & OKI • Host and facilitate public meetings • Assist in presentations as needed • Serve as stewards for adopted plan St. Clair Township Comprehensive Plan Discussion Summaries and Draft Materials were posted monthly on the Butler County Department of Development’s website: http://development.butlercountyohio.org/ A Comprehensive Plan… • Provides for defensible zoning & subdivision decisions • Helps avoid lawsuits by providing a basis for zoning • Provides for the timing and location of development or redevelopment • Timing matters! – Land is a scarce resource – Planning is needed for infrastructure & schools – COSTS – tie planning to budgeting Elements of the Plan • Introduction • Population Trends • Housing • Public Facilities • Economic Development • Natural Systems • Infrastructure • Transportation • Source Water • Intergovernmental Coordination • Land Use • Capital Improvements • Implementation Future Land Use Innovative Comprehensive Planning St. ClairSt. Township: To request copies of the St. Clair Township Comprehensive Plan on CD, contact: [email protected] Geothermal Systems in Ohio: Limited Regulation Under Private Water System Rules OAC Chapter 3701-28 Private Water Rule OAC Rule 3701-28-10 (G) Vertical or horizontal geothermal loop systems with low toxicity heat transfer fluid 25’ Vertical or horizontal geothermal loop systems with high toxicity heat transfer fluid 50’ In some areas The subsurface is the geothermal energy is geothermal heat hot enough to source generate steam. (Not in Ohio) Typical household system closed vertical loop In Ohio, subsurface temperatures are around 50º F. and that heat is extracted from the ground or groundwater for heating. In the summer, the heat pump extracts heat from the conditioned space and sends it out to the earth loop to warm the relatively cool ground, or pond, if it's an aqua loop. Several Household Configurations Horizontal Loop Pond Loop Horizontal Layout Horizontal Coils Household Configurations Open loop systems Closed loop system Common Heat Transfer Fluids -Water- Primary heat transfer fluid -Antifreeze- Keeps solution from freezing and has heat transfer properties. Organic Chemicals Inorganic Chemicals Propylene Glycol Potassium Acetate Ethanol Potassium Carbonate Ethylene Glycol Sodium Chloride Methanol Calcium Chloride Different Properties for Consideration: Heat Transfer, Freeze Protection, Viscosity, Corrosiveness, Toxicity, and Cost Regional Factors For Consideration The coldest expected evaporator exit water temperature during heating operation determines the required fluid freezing point. The earth coil fluid freezing point should be about 10°F below that exit temperature. This freezing point then determines the solute concentration required to protect the heat pump evaporator from freezing. http://www.alliantenergygeothermal.com/HowItWorks/Geother Water is the least expensive circulating loop fluid. Its main disadvantages are its relatively high freezing point of 32 degrees, and that it expands upon freezing, rupturing pipes. It has a density of 8.334 pounds per gallon at 60 degrees and a specific heat, for practical purposes, of 1.000 Btu per pound per degree. At 40 degrees its viscosity is 1.550 centipoise. http://www.alliantenergygeothermal.com/How ItWorks/GeothermalConcepts/000255 Glycols and alcohols are available as concentrated liquids. Salts as granular or powdered solids, and potassium acetate as a 50 percent solution. The brine is mixed with water, on- or off-site, prior to being charged into the piping system. The solutions of alcohols in water - methanol and ethanol waters - have both good and bad properties for circulating fluid use. Methanol water has a low frictional pressure drop and a relatively high heat transfer coefficient. However, it is highly volatile, highly flammable, and toxic. Ethanol waters are less toxic and less flammable than methanol waters, but are still highly flammable. They also are more viscous, and have a larger pressure drop and lower heat transfer. Corrosion inhibitors can be added to make them non-corrosive. Ethanol is more expensive than methanol but less expensive than the ethylene glycol solutions. Ethylene glycol Low corrosively, volatility and flammability. Properly prepared and inhibited, it is relatively non-corrosive. It is the most common antifreeze for automotive use. The main disadvantages of ethylene glycols are: They are somewhat toxic and must be stored and handled with care. The viscosity becomes high at low temperatures. They have a definite life and the pH should be checked yearly; and spent solution replaced. Propylene glycol Propylene glycol solution is less toxic than ethylene glycol and more expensive. Below about a 20°F freezing point, the viscosity gets excessively high, resulting in high pumping costs. The quality of the water used with the glycols is important. It must be "soft" and have a low concentration of chloride and sulfate ions. Factory-inhibited ethylene and propylene glycol solutions are sold by manufacturers. Relative Toxicity Relative Toxicity is based on LD50 Acute Lethal Dose for half the test population. Data is usually based on rat studies, but there is data for other animals. Not related to carcinogenicity or lifetime exposure. Other factors such as initial concentration, exposure duration and pathways also need to be considered when trying to determine how risky an anti-freeze material may be. Relative
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