1936. (SECOND SESSION.)

LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. NEW SOUTH WALES.

DEPARTMENT OF MAIN ROADS.

TENTH ANNUAL REPORT

FOR

Year ended 30th June., 1935.

Ordered by the Legislative Assembly to be printed, 28 November, 1935.

SYDNEY : ALFRED JAMES KENT, I.S.O., GOVERNMENT PRINTER.

1935. 67030 * 82—a [4a. 6cZ.J MAIN ROADS ACT, 1924-31.

TENTH ANNUAL REPORT.

CONTENTS. PART I.—PRELIMINARY— PAGE. The Minister 1 Resignation of Mr. T. H. Upton, Assistant Commissioner 1 Extension of Operations of the Department 1 Review of First Ten Years' Operations under the Main Roads Act, 1925-1935 2 Annual Conference of State Road Authorities 5 Federal Aid Roads Agreement ...... 5 Ordinance Regulating the Weight of Vehicles on Roads ...... 5 Heat Treatment of Earth Roads ... ••• 6 Harsh-mix Roller—consolidated Cement Concrete 6 Upper Clarence and Richmond Valley Developmental Works 6 Work Undertaken for Other Departments 8 Aggregate Statement of Income and Expenditure for the twelve months ended 30th June, 1935 8

PART II.—COUNTY OP CUMBERLAND MAIN ROADS FUND— Income and Expenditure 9 Balance-sheet 10 Loan Liabilities 10 Construction 12 Summary of Construction Work and Expenditure 16 Maintenance and Minor Improvement ...... 21 Maintenance by Councils ... • •• 21 Maintenance by Department 24 Main Roads—Proclamation and Length ...... 28 Secondary Roads—Declaration and Length 28

PART III.—COUNTRY MAIN ROADS FUND— Income and Expenditure 29 Balance-sheet ...... 30 Loan Liabilities ...... 30 Councils' Contributions to Main Roads 30 Proclamation of New Main Roads ...... 31 Length of Main Roads ... 31 Length of Country Highways controlled by Department 32 Maintenance and Minor Improvement Works by Councils 32 Maintenance and Minor Improvement Works by Department ... 38 Construction ...... 40 Summary of Construction Expenditure ...... 46

PART IV.—DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS FUND— Income and Expenditure ...... 53 Balance-sheet ...... 53 Loan. Liabilities ...... 53 Allocation of Funds for Developmental Roads and Work Done 53 Proclamation of Developmental Roads ...... 58 Summary of Individual Works and Expenditure 59

PART V.—SYDNEY HARBOUR BRIDGE ACCOUNT— Income and Expenditure ...... 61 Bal ance-sheet ...... 61 Financial Position of the Bridge ... 61 Capital Cost of the Bridge 62 Traffic ... „ 63 Reductions in Road Tolls ... 63 Disposal of Residue Lands and Administration of Properties 63 Maintenance and Upkeep ... 63 Access to Structure and Safety Measures 64

PART VI.—MISCELLANEOUS— Summary of Annual Income and Expenditure of Main and Developmental Roads Funds 65 Summary of Work Authorised, Completed and in Progress 67 Tree Planting on Main Roads and Preservation of Roadside Flora ...... 68 Plant 68 Motor Vehicle Registration and Volume of Traffic ...... 69 Stall—Industrial and Employment 69 Acknowledgments • • • 70 *67030—A MAIN ROADS ACT, 1924-31.

DEPARTMENT OF MAIN ROADS, NEW SOUTH WALES.

TENTH ANNUAL REPORT.

(FOR PERIOD 1ST JULY, 1934, TO 30ru JUNE, 1935.)

The Honorable the Minister for Transport, Sydney. In accordance with the provisions of section 6 of the Main Roads Act, 1924-31, I have the honour to submit the Tenth Annual Report for presentation to Parliament, through the Minister, covering the period 1st July, 1934, to 30th June, 1935. A few matters in this Report are carried beyond the latter date for convenience and completeness of record.

PART I.—PRELIMINARY. MINISTER. During the whole of the period covered by this Report, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. M. F. Bruxner, D.S.O., M.L.A., Deputy Premier and Minister for Transport, has been in charge of the administration of the Main Roads Act.

RESIGNATION OP MR. T. H. UPTON, ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER. Mr. T. H. Upton, O.B.E., M.Sc, M.C.E., M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.A., Assistant Commissioner for Main Roads, relinquished his association with the Department consequent upon his appointment as President of the Metropolitan Water, Sewerage and Drainage Board on 30th April, 1935. Mr, Upton was appointed one of the two Engineering Members of the Main Roads Board when it was constituted in 1925, following upon the enactment of the Main Roads Act. In 1929, whilst a member of the Board, he represented road interests on the Commonwealth Transport Committee set up-by the Commonwealth Government to report upon the co-ordination of transport in Australia, and in 1932 the State Government availed itself of his services in connection with the work of the Transport Advisory Committee established to enquire into the use of motor omnibus transport in the Metropolitan areas of Sydney and Newcastle. With the passing of the Transport (Division of Functions) Act, 1932, Mr. Upton was appointed Assistant Commissioner for Main Roads, which position he vacated on taking up his new duties. With a thorough practical training following the close of a particularly meritorious University career, supplemented by his war service, Mr. Upton brought to bear upon his work as., a member of the Main Roads Board, and later as Assistant Commissioner, the results of a wide and varied experience in that species of knowledge which constitutes the profession of a Civil Engineer, being the art of directing the great sources of power in Nature for the use and convenience of man, and I desire to place on record my sincere appreciation of a loyal colleague. The example set by him in strict adherence to principle, his devotion to duty, his undoubted ability and proved capacity, have all combined to make a lasting impression upon the Main Roads organisation.

EXTENSION OF OPERATIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT. As part of the Government's general policy to simplify the system of road administration throughout the State, it has been decided that the roads and bridges activities of the Department of Public Works shall be transferred to the Department of Main Roads. In conformity with this arrangement this

Department has from the 2nd September, 1935, assumed control of all road works3 bridges and ferries in the Western Division of the State, including such works in the six Municipalities of Broken Hill, Bourke, Brewarrina, Cobar, Wentworth and Wilcannia within that Division, and in addition the control of all National bridges and ferries in the Eastern and Central Divisions of the State whether situated on main roads or not. • The necessary funds for the works in the Western Division are provided for under the Main Roads Act, and the Commissioner for Main Roads has been authorised to meet the cost temporarily of the National works referred to in the Eastern and Central Divisions from Main, Roads funds, pending the introduction of amending legislation to confirm and validate these matters. The transfer of these activities completes the co-ordination of the Government's interests in the maintenance and construction of roads and bridges. In future all such works will be controlled and/or subsidised by the Department of Main Roads, although certain emergency unemployment relief works, which may include works on roads or bridges will continue to be controlled by the Department now superintending those works. In extension of its policy of decentralisation and with the object of bringing the Department's officers into closer touch with the various Councils in the North-Eastern portion of the State, arrangements were made as from 1st September, 1935, for the establishment of a new Division in that area with head­ quarters at Grafton. This Division, embracing the coastal area from the Southern boundary of the Nambucca Shire to the Queensland border, was formerly controlled from the Department's offices at Glen Innes and Newcastle. In conjunction with the establishment of this new Division, the boundaries of other Divisions in the northern portion of the State have been varied to a minor extent* 2

REVIEW OP FIRST TEN YEARS' OPERATIONS UNDER THE MAIN ROADS ACT—1925-1935. With the presentation of this report there is closed the tenth complete year of operations under the Main Roads Act. It is of interest, therefore, to review briefly the changes which have taken place between 1925 and 1935 in the roads of the State and the means which have been adopted to place them in a condition to provide reasonably for the traffic which they have to bear. The end of the world war in 1918 was coincident with a rapid, increase in the popularity of motor vehicles. The roads at that stage, however, had not been designed nor built to carry fast-moving traffic. They were quickly broken up by this traffic and in places made almost impassable. The act became law as from 1st January, 1925, and at that time there were 95,000 motor vehicles registered in New South Wales. As at the end of June, 1935, the total had reached 244,000, so that at present there are almost three vehicles for each one used on the roads ten years ago. Prior to the commencement of the Act a few metropolitan Councils had borrowed money and set about building roads which would better cope with the volume and speed of the new motor traffic. To some extent work also had been carried out in expenditure of funds made available by the Government to the Department of Public Works. For the most part these improvements had taken place on roads in close proximity to the City and had not extended into country districts. Before the appointment of the Main Roadb Board 1.2,800 miles of roads had been proclaimed as main roads and these were taken over by the new organisation. The roads were all of one class and the Board considered as the greatest need the improvement of the most important routes serving the metropolitan suburbs and those proceeding inland and-to other States. In the metropolitan area there were many missing links between stretches of fairly good road. These were filled in and the roads gradually extended outwards from the City. As far as funds would permit, roads which were too narrow to carry the traffic were widened or machinery set up for the gradual widening over a period of years'. In the country some of the principal roads (amongst which may be mentioned the connection between Sydney and Newcastle, constituting part of a great arterial route to the North and North-west, and to Queensland) were not properly located and before considering any improvement in the type of pavement it was necessary to place them in their permanent locations. In 1927 the Board granted increased rates of assistance to Councils for works on the principal routes connecting with other States or leading to the interior, and then in 1928 the whole of the main roads system was classified so as to place the roads in the order 6f- their importance from the point of view of traffic and the general development of the State. Subsidies were granted to Councils according to the classification of each road. An important section of the Main Roads Act related to the establishment of a system of develop­ mental roads which would help to open up new areas for production and further develop those already settled. When the Act commenced there were not any developmental roads and during the ten years 152 roads have been established having a total length of 2,431 miles. There is ample proof that the purpose set out in the Act has been achieved since there is concrete evidence in many cases of greater production, increased settlement, and cheaper transport of produce from farm to market. 1 One of the early difficulties experienced in improving the roads system was the lack of skilled staff and modern plant on the part of Shire and Municipal Councils, which were primarily responsible for the road works to be carried out. Every encouragement was therefore given Councils to engage qualified engineers and financial assistance was afforded for the purchase of up-to-date plant. There was gradually developed a system of working by which jobs were undertaken partly by Shire and Municipal Councils, partly by the central organisation by direct labour, or by contractors either to local governing bodies or to the Board. In this way a healthy balance was established and has continued between the various methods of carrying out work. It was early necessary also to dispel the idea held by some that there was a type of pavement which could be described as the best in any circumstances. It is even now advisable to repeat the words of the late Mr. William Calder (Chairman of the Victorian Country Roads Board) " there is no best pavement." Any decision for the construction of a road pavement of concrete, bituminous mixture, or gravel, etc., as the case may be, depends upon the volume and nature of the traffic 'to be served, the materials which are available to build the road and the type of country to which the road is to be built. These and other features of lesser importance make it necessary to build a road in the material which is particularly suited to each situation. Here again may be quoted the answer given by Mr. Calder to the question, " What is the best road V his reply being ; " The class or classes of road that will efficiently serve the community at the lowest possible cost and in the shortest period of time." During the decade under review continuous research and experimental work has been carried out with two principal objects. In the first place it has been the aim to determine the most suitable types or materials to adopt or use in various locations, i.e., whether cement concrete, bitumen, a mixture of tar and bitumen or some other composition can be used to the best advantage. The second objective is to use materials available in the most efficient manner. In this respect there has been very great development in the method of laying concrete roads and in the method of surfacing roads with bituminous mixtures. Perhaps the greatest advance has been the perfection of a process known as the drag process by which hop premixed material is dragged on to the road surface behind a motor vehicle transporting the material and then quickly rolled smooth. There has been a decided improvement too in the type of plant adopted for road use and experimental designs are still proceeding in this respect. One outstanding undertaking has been the design and construction of a heat treatment plant which is now in operation. This plant is particularly suited for the treatment of black soil roads, which for many years have presented a difficult problem to road engineers. In the provisions for financing works on main roads there have been changes as great as in the nature of the works undertaken. The original Main Roads Act provided that all motor taxation as well as the whole of the amounts received by the State for the registration of motor vehicles and fines for traffic breaches should-be used for main roads. In addition, a regular annual subsidy of £115,000 was appropriated from the Consolidated Revenue Fund, and amounts were allocated from State loan money on the basis that the Road Authority would be required to repay only a small proportion. 3

These amounts provided by the State were to be supplemented by contributions by Councils which consisted of a rate not exceeding Id. in the £ on the Unimproved Capital Value of all land in the County of Cumberland and a fluctuating contribution in the country based on the general principle that each Council should share equally with the Board the cost of works on all proclaimed main roads. In 1926 the funds available for roads were further augmented by the completion of a Federal Aid Roads Agreement under which the Commonwealth Government contributed to the States an annual amount of £2,000,000 on the understanding that the States would themselves expend not less than £1,500,000. The New South Wales share amounted to £552,000 per annum on the basis of,the State contributing the sum of £414,000 per annum. It soon became apparent that Councils in , the country areas were unable to contribute the equal amount contemplated by the Act. In 1927, therefore, the rates of assistance for work on the great arterial highways were increased from £ for £ to £2 to £1, whilst the rate for work on all other main roads was increased from £ for £ to 30/- to the £. In 1928 the whole of the roads system, as already indicated, was classified, the roads being divided into three groups. There was first the State Highways, representing the roads carrying the traffic to and froin other States or from the coast to the interior; the second group, or trunk roads, were those which formed with the State Highways a skeleton system of primary routes, whilst the remaining ordinary main roads were those used principally for local purposes. Coincident with this classification the rates of assistance to country Councils were again increased so that the central organisation became reponsible for the fuVl cost of work on State Highways, two-thirds of the cost of work on trunk roads, and one-half the cost of work on ordinary main roads. In actual practice the rate of subsidy on ordinary main roads was continued at 30/- to each £ contributed by local authorities until 1931 when it became necessary to reduce the rate to that-provided in the Act, viz., £ for £. In. 1929 an amendment of the Act provided that the motor registration fees and fines should no longer be paid to the main roads funds although a fraction of the amount available has been transferred to the Country Main Roads Fund each year after all the charges for police supervision of traffic, collection of motor vehicle tax, fees, etc., have been made. In 1931 the Federal Aid Roads Agreement was amended to vary the Commonwealth Government's annual subsidy to 'the States according to the quantity of petrol imported each year. The basis agreed upon was that the States should receive the equivalent of a tax of 2M. per gallon on imported petrol and l|d. per gallon on locally refined petrol. The previous provision by which the States were required to find 15/— for each £ found by the Commonwealth was removed from the agreement. Immediately following this amendment the amount received by New South Wales was less than under the original agreement when a fixed annual sum of £552,000 was paid. With the general improvement of conditions during the past two years, however, the annual receipts have exceeded the previous fixed amount. During the first few years of the operation of the Main Roads Act, it was necessary for the Board to borrow substantial amounts-in order to give reasonably rapid relief to increasing motor traffic. These amounts were secured primarily by parliamentary appropriation, and at first only a portion of .the grants received was repayable. In addition to the amounts borrowed by the Board, certain loan moneys were advanced by the Government for the relief of unemployment. Generally speaking these unemployment relief loans were not regarded as repayable. In 1928 an amendment of the Act placed the responsibility for the payment of interest and repayment of all future loans on the Main Roads Funds, whilst a further amendment in 1933 provided that the funds should meet interest and other loan obligations not only in respect of loans raised after 1st July, 1928, but also for those raised between 1925 and 1928. . In order that a broad view may be secured of the finances of the period under review, the following table shows the source of income and the purpose of expenditure from the commencement of the Act until 30th June, 1935 :—

EXPENDITURE. INCOME.

Maintenance of main roads and bridges ... &f3Q3*469i Motor vehicle taxation ... 12,960,994

Construction of main roads and bridges '^3$>g7?l%$m;85± Receipts under Federal Aid Roads' Agreement Construction of developmental roads ...... 1,931,947 (Petrol Tax) ' 5,457,119 Interest, exchange and loan repayment ... 2,752,401 Councils' contributions ... 3,294,678 Administrative expenses ... 675,960 Consolidated revenue appropriation 619,915 Purchase of plant and other assets, advances to Unemployment relief grants (Revenue)' 126,023 Councils, etc. ... ' ..." • 410,979 Government 1 oans (including Unemployment Miscellaneous ...... 69,483 Relief loans) ... 5,683,337 Loans raised by Councils 693,613 Miscellaneous ...... O 488,420 29,324,099 Less Payments to Consolidated Revenue in • accordance with the Finances Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1932 200,000

£29,124,099 £29,124,09

It will be seen.from this brief review of the changing provisions in regard to Main Roads Funds tha full liability is now accepted for all money borrowed since the commencement of the Act, whilst the assistance granted to Councils is very much in excess of that contemplated in 1925. It has been possible to undertake these additional obligations almost wholly because of the amounts received' by the Department under the Federal Aid1 Roads Agreement. This agreement expires on 31st December, 1936, and the renewal of the present agreement or the adoption of sdme agreement on similar lines is essential if the main roads improvement programme and the main roads classified system of the State are to proceed along the existing sound lines. From time to time the Department - is requested to increase the mileage of the main roads system or to grant greater assistance to local governing authorities. Whereas ten years ago there were 12,800 miles of proclaimed main roads, that 4

mileage had increased to approximately 15,300 at 30th June, 1935. 1 Adding to this the 2,431 miles of developmental roads proclaimed within the same period, it will be seen that the total increase of 4,925 miles represents an addition of 38 per cent, to the mileage of roads for which Councils were granted assistance in 1925. Not only has there been this increase in mileage, but there has been also the very considerable increase in the rates' of assistance. With an improved financial position, consideration was given towards the end of 1932 to the question as to whether it would be practicable to revert to the rate of 30/- to the £ for ordinary main roads which had applied for a time prior to 1931. That consideration led to the con­ clusion that Councils' greatest difficulty lay in their inability to contribute their ordinary share of the cost of new bridges, and having regard to the urgent need for many of these structures, it was decided that as from November, 1932, the Department would meet the whole cost of these works (over 20ft. span) where situate on trunk roads, and 75 per cent, of the cost of those on ordinary main roads. How acceptable this has proved to Councils may be gauged from the fact that whereas 322 bridges had been built during a period of seven years preceding the granting of the higher rates, there were no less than 310 bridges built in the next three years. Those 632 structures, having a length of more than eleven miles, have been built at a cost of £1,441,837, of which the Councils have been required to contribute £196,376 or 13-7 per cent.

It will be realised that the Department's first obligation is to maintain the asset which has been created and to meet fixed obligations in respect of money borrowed in the past. The amount which at present remains after the fulfilment of these primary charges is insufficient to permit the proclamation of any further considerable mileage of main roads. As the financial position warrants, however, it is the Department's objective to give whatever increased assistance is possible. - In order to administer the Main Roads Act a Board of three members was originally appointed. That Board continued for a period of seven years, when for a short time the organisation was amalgamated with the Railways, Tramways and Road Transport organisations. After this brief administration the transport functions were divided into three parts—Railways, Tramways and Road Transport, and Main Roads. A Ministry of Transport was formed and a Commissioner placed in charge of each transport function. This system has now continued for almost three years. The internal adniinistration of the Department was reviewed on the establishment of the State Highway system in 1928 and provision made for the decentraHsation of the supervisory and administrative work required under the Act. Divisions were established in the country and much of the administration is now carried out from those Divisions which at present number seven. It has been found that the local knowledge and contact made possible by the decentralisation of administration in this way has -been of value in simplifying the Department's work and in maintaining a truly co-operative relationship between the Department and local governing authorities throughout the State. Prior to the establishment of a main roads organisation certain major works, principally bridges and ferries, had been proclaimed as National works and were constructed from funds provided by the Government. These National works were controlled by the Department of Public Works, but in 1928 the Main Roads Board assumed control of all National works which were situated on main roads. Just recently a further re-arrangement has been made by which this Department has undertaken the control of all road works for which the Government is responsible whether those works are situated on main roads or not. This arrangement includes the care of roads in the Western Division of the State where local governing authorities have not been established. In future, therefore, the Government's interest in the maintenance and construction of roads and in the assistance to local authorities for roads will be centred in one departmental organisation. As a general principle the actual work on roads has been undertaken by the local Municipal and Shire Councils on behalf of the central organisation. * In many cases, however, Councils have expressed a wish that the Department should construct or maintain sections of road, whilst in other cases the type or magnitude of construction works has been such, as to be beyond the organisation of the local body. In such cases the Department has undertaken the work"directly, particularly on the State Highways. At the present time sections of these Highways are controlled by the Department in order that consecutive lengths of roads may be under undivided control and that these important traffic routes may have continuous attention for-maintenance. Another important result of the establishment of the main roads organisation and the rapid increase in the growth of motor vehicles has been the emergence of a calling for labour which was previously unskilled or engaged in occupations which were already over-supplied. In 1925 there were probably not more than 1,000 men employed on main roads throughout the State. At theend of June last not less than 8,600 men were employed, by the Department, by local authorities or by contractors. The work of most of these men is the maintenance or construction of roads, and it may be regarded as a distinct trade similar to that of carpentry, brick-laying, fitting, and so on. One advantage of this trade, moreover, is that there is a regular supply of work and the number of men employed is unaffected by the introduction of machinery. The greater use of machinery means only that a longer length of road is placed in first-class order for the same amount of expenditure. It is an outdoor occupation also which is healthy and active and one which is calculated to build up the morale of employees who have searched fruitlessly for other jobs. This is perhaps the reason for the particular freedom which has been enjoyed during the ten years from industrial disputes. Any misunderstandings which have occurred have been settled amicably as between the Department and the representatives of the men concerned-

It will be seen from the above review that the provision of good roads goes side by side with the growth of the motor vehicle industry. There has been built up gradually a decentralised adminstration which is now available to supervise and execute road works in an expert fashion throughout the State. The tendency in this State as well as in other States and countries has been to relieve local authorities of the financial burden of roads which are used very largely by through traffic. This, it is considered is the correct 6

HEAT TREATMENT OF EARTH ROADS. In. the two previous Annual Reports of this Department reference was made to the process of road making by heat treatment of soils in situ with a machine developed and patented by Mr..L. R. H. Irvine, M.E., of this Department. The utility of the process lies principally in road construction on black soil plains and similar areas where the roads are untrafficable in wet weather and ordinary road making materials are difficult to obtain. The effect of the treatment, which ia carried out by the machine as it moves slowly over the road, is to destroy the plasticity of the soil and to convert a portion of it into a product similar to partly clinkered bricks. This product, together with a proportion of partially hardened soil, is left on the road as the machine progresses and is then used as a substitute for road metal or gravel. Con­ solidation is obtained by rolling, and after suitable binding material has been added, the result produced is equivalent to a light gravel road- As indicated in the Ninth Annual Report, a contract was let to Messrs. Gibson Battle & Company Ltd-, of Sydney, for the building of a new and larger machine for use by the Department and this machine was recently delivered by the Company. Another machine is about to be built for the Queensland Main Roads Commission, with whom the Department has been in close co-operation in the experimental work carried out. The design of the new machine is based on the original, but numerous improvements have been added to increase the output and facilitate its operation. Chief among these is the addition of loco­ motive mechanism which renders the machine a self-contained mobile unit, capable of travelling by road under its own power. This machine is capable of treating a road 18 feet wide in three traverses. Where traffic conditions warrant it, a second course can be added by burning a strip on the shoulder of the road at either side and grading the material to the centre. The new machine has recently been sent to the South-Western Division where it has been set to work on a section of State Highway No. 14—Sturt Highway—west of Narrandera, in the Shire of Yanko.

HARSH-MIX ROLLER-CONSOLIDATED CEMENT CONCRETE. Following similar experiments in Victoria and elsewhere, the Department, early in 1934, laid a short experimental length of harsh-mix roller-consolidated cement concrete pavement on Main Road No. 139, Blaxland Road, in the Municipality of Ryde. The mix adopted, consisting of 9 parts of uncrushed Nepean gravel (2J" gauge to J" gauge), 2£ parts of Nepean sand and one part of cement, was mixed in a 27E paver and consolidated with a 10 to 12 ton tandem roller. After consolidation a thin concrete wearing course was placed and belted to crossfall. Although several difficulties were encountered the results obtained were considered sufficiently promising to proceed with further work. It was apparent, however, that the proper held for this method of construction, until finishing technique had been further developed, was as a basecourse for a pre-mixed bituminous macadam or similar surface course. The harsh-mix roller-consolidated concrete base course has since been adopted with satisfactory results at a number of locations (as referred to elsewhere in this-report) and constructional details have been varied as further experience with this work dictated- * On the later works the amount of steel reinforcement and the number, spacing and type of transverse joints were varied in order to ascertain the most satisfactory types and methods of construction. Difficulty has been experienced in constructing a satisfactory expansion joint owing to the difficulty of withdrawing the forming bulkhead and the best results so far have been obtained by providing transverse joints con­ structed with deformed metallic jointing at 50 feet intervals, together with an expansion joint at the end of each day's work. The outer edges of the slab are thickened in the customary manner and a'deformed longitudinal joint is also provided. In general, steel reinforcement is restricted to the use of a -|-inch diameter edge bar with corner returns as adopted for normal cement concrete pavement slabs. For the earlier work, the mix employed was 1 part of cement, %\ parts sand and 9 parts of either broken stone or uncrushed gravel (2J" to f" gauge). On the later works, the amount of sand has been in­ creased slightly from 2J to 2-| parts, the aggregate employed being uncrushed gravel. With this aggregate a water-cement ratio of from 0-55 to 0-75 is adopted. The arrangement of stock piles and the mixing follows generally the procedure adopted on normal cement concrete pavement jobs. The mixing is carried out in a paver of 27 cubic feet capacity, the con­ solidation being obtained with a suitable 10 to 12-ton tandem roller. Further developments will be tried out in additional works to be carried out in the coming financial year.

UPPER CLARENCE AND RICHMOND RIVER VALLEY DEVELOPMENTAL WORKS. The comprehensive programme of road construction and improvement, undertaken in expenditure of funds specially made available by the Unemployment Relief Council for the provision of essential roads of access in the Upper Clarence and Richmond River Valleys, as referred to in the last two reports of this Department, was carried through to completion during the year under review. In the area affected—about 670,000 acres—there were about 320 holdings ranging in size from 50 acres to 32,000 acres prior to the initiation of this road construction scheme. Many of these were being used wholly or partly for dairy farming, but a very large proportion of the aggregate area was being used for grazing purposes only. It was considered that by the provision of suitable roads this area would be capable of providing 300 to 400 additional living areas—principally dairy farms, and that the closer settlement of the land and the increased production which could be anticipated would be of very considerable benefit to the State. The works, which covered a length, of 64 miles 2,956 feet, are very fully described in the August, 1935, issue of Main Roads, and may be briefly set out as under :— (a) Main Road No. 140, between Grevillia and the New England Highway near Woodenbong, over a length of 16 miles 1,306 feet. This road serves a valuable area of dairying country throughout its length, and at the same time gives an outlet to the railway at Wiangaree and Ryogle for an additional area of about 100,000 acres of dairying, grazing and timber-producing country. Twenty- three river crossings on the old road, which held up traffic during wet weather, had to be eliminated by the construction of deviations and/or bridges. 5

attack on the establishment of an ideal road system and it is proposed that the funds of the Department .should continue to be allocated in a manner calculated to serve as fully as possible the requirements of traffic, the promotion of commerce and industry, and the development of the natural resources of the State. The finances available to the Department have been placed on a sound footing, but they are very largely bound up with the Federal Aid Roads Agreement which, as already stated, expires next year. The renewal or extension of this agreement is vital to the continuation of a good roads policy. It does not seem likely that the rate of development of the road system during the next ten years.will be as great as has been experienced since 1925, but it is to be anticipated that the methods of building and maintaining the roads •will be improved and that gradually there will be established a framework of first-class roads available for use throughout as part of the State's transport system.

ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF STATE ROAD AUTHORITIES. The second annual conference of State Road Authorities was held in Sydney from 27th February to 1st March, 1935. At this conference administrative problems of common interest were discussed and views exchanged between the various States. Steps were taken to ensure the co-operation of the several authorities in the •purchase of road materials, and demonstrations were given of the use of surfacing materials in New South Wales. Agreement was also reached as to desirability of limiting the use of solid tyred vehicles, it being accepted that the taxes generally paid by these vehicles at present are not commensurate with the damage.caused to roads by their use. In accordance with the resolution of conference the research and testing officers of Victoria, Queensland and New South Wales have conferred and reported upon the properties to be sought in various road materials and the form of test adopted in each State to measure and verify these properties. A further report is to be secured from the chief technical officers of the States in order, that a uniform practice may be followed, as far as possible, in the methods of testing and the application of test results.

FEDERAL AID ROADS AGREEMENT. The provisions of the Federal Aid Roads Agreement and the importance of the agreement to the Department were covered fully in my ninth and earlier annual reports. Without unnecessary recapitulation, it may be "nell to emphasise that the petrol tax paid to the State under this agreement constitutes almost 30 per cent, of the normal revenue for main roads. The receipt of this money has made it possible for the Department to undertake additional responsibilities for loans expended on main roads in the past and at the same time relieve local governing bodies of a portion of the cost of roads. The existing agreement expires on 31st December, 1936, and it is now apparent that the amount of revenue received under the present agreement, at least, will need to continue if development of the State by means of roads is to progress. It is considered that the present rate of road improvement is not beyond the reasonable requirements of traffic and land settlement, in fact the demands for new and better roads, which in many cases are based on justifiable claims, are far beyond the financial resources of the Department. . One important feature of the present agreement is that the payments to the States fluctuate according to the volume of petrol imported or locally refined. This principle was incorporated in an amend­ ment to the agreement in 1931, the original arrangement providing for the payment of a fixed sura by the Commonwealth Government. The course now followed is obviously to be preferred because it reflects the volume of traffic using the roads and provides a means by which the contributions to road upkeep vary automatically with the flow of traffic.

ORDINANCE REGULATING THE-WEIGHT OF VEHICLES ON ROADS. In previous Annual Reports an indication was given of the proposal, and its consummation, to promulgate an Ordinance limiting the permissible loads on vehicles along similar lines to restrictions operating in other States of the Commonwealth and also in Great Britain, Germany and the United States of America. ' The limits fixed in the Ordinance, which is known as Ordinance No. 300 under the Local Government Act, 1919, have been based on information compiled by technical advisers within the Commonwealth after exhaustive research and investigation to determine the maximum, loads permissible consistent with economy in road construction and maintenance. To exemplify the economic necessity for restrictions of the nature adopted, it is estimated that one inch of unnecessary pavement thickness would involve Australia in an expenditure of over £9,000,000 in 10 years on its rural roads alone. Whilst the effective operation of the Ordinance commenced on the 27th July, 1935, it is recognised that certain types of vehicles used in various industries will require to be replaced with vehicles capable of conforming to the prescribed limits without curtailment of the operator's business and the Department has pointed out that the provision in the Ordinance which enables permits to be granted in special cases will allow reasonable use of all vehicles now in operation pending replacement as may be necessary. The elimination of excessive loading is, however, a matter which can be achieved without undue hardship. Wheel-weighing machines have been supplied to the Divisional Offices to enable adequate policing of the regulations where necessary. A similar ordinance to control loads on vehicles on roads other than those administered under the Main Roads Act was promulgated at the same time with a view to co-ordinating the powers of Councils with those conferred by the Main Roads Act. . 7

(b) Developmental Road No. 1050, between Bonalbo and Woodenbong, over a length of about 29 miles 163 feet. This road is an extension to "Woodenbong of an existing constructed road, which runs from the Tenterfield-Casino trunk road to Bonalbo. It provides the essential means of access for an area of about 450,000 acres. In. wet weather, which is frequent in this locality, the old unformed road became impassable for vehicles. The road has been proclaimed a main road since its completion. (c) Developmental Road No. 1055, between Urbenville and Wallaby Creek, over a length of about 8 miles 5,11.2 feet, is the natural outlet for an area of about 80,000 acres. (d) A short deviation of the New England Highway near Woodenbong, over a length of approximately 1 mile 1,700 feet, provides the necessary connection between Main Road No. 140 and Develop­ mental Road No. 1050 previously mentioned. (e) Developmental Road No. 1148, from the Tenterfield-Casino trunk road near Tabulam towards Ewingar, over a length of approximately 8 miles 5,235 feet. This road, which crosses the Rocky River, now serves the country on the western side of the Clarence River and provides an outlet for an'area of about 80,000 acres, including some of the richest alluvial flats'in the State, which hitherto was without any practicable means of access.

The total expenditure on these works, amounting to £247,630, including surveys, supervision and design, is .set out in the following statement:—

Plant Hire Road." Labour. Tools and and Car Miscellaneous. Total. Materials. Ru iming.

£ £ £ £ £ M.R. No. 140 48,625 18,387 . 5.964 1,856 74,832 S.H. No. 9 ... 4,544 1,032 252 161 5,989 Developmental Road No. 1,050 63,803 1 32,650 10,614 2,748 109,815. J,055 ]0,S48 5,262 ],964 128 18,202J 1,148 14,078 6,819 1,553 529 23,479 .

Total cost of road construction... £142,398 64,150 20,347 5,422 232,317 6,352 7,] 26 1,835 15,313

£247,630 \

Of the total amount of £247,630, a sum of £23,712 was expended in the construction of twenty-six bridges, having a total length of 2,270 feet." The actual length of road construction, exclusive of the length of the bridges, was 64 miles 686'feet, the completed cost of which was £223,918. AVhere obtainable, local gravel was used for the construction of road pavements, but, for the greater part, it was found necessary to crush metal for pavement construction owing to the entire absence of gravel. On the road from Grcvillia to Woodenbong, on the deviation near Woodenbong and on the Woodenbong-Bonalbo road, the work was completed to a formation width of 24 feet and a pavement width of 16 feet, the ruling grade being 7 per cent. On the remaining developmental roads from Urbenville towards Koreelah Creek and from Tabulam towards Ewingar the formation width was limited to 20 feet, and IS feet respectively and the pavement width to 12 feet, the ruling grade being 8 per cent. In the whole of the works undertaken the objective was to provide roads which would best meet the needs of present and prospective settlement and, at the same time, link up with the general system of road and Tail communications in the most satisfactory manner. The works, which, were carried out under unemployment relief conditions witji a working week of 44 hours, provided employment for 1,152 men, the number of dependants being recorded as 2,512. The maximum number engaged at any one time was 607. Of the total number of men who were given employment, 633 left of their own accord to take up other work in the district, such employment having been created mainly as a result of development following upon this road construction programme. The total amount paid directly in wages represented approximately 63 per cent, of tine expenditure, and if to this is added the wages proportion of the cost of materials, haulage, etc., the total amount disbursed in wages directly and indirectly was approximately 85 per cent, of the expenditure. As a result of the completion of the work there is already substantial evidence that development is taking place in the establishment of new farms, the erection of new dwellings, dairies, etc., and by the numerous new areas placed under cultivation. Traffic on the Grevillia-Woodenbong road has increased from 8 to 10 vehicles a week to about 30 a day, and this number is steadily increasing. Corresponding increases in traffic have tak^n place on other roads constructed in the area. The village of 'Woodenbong, which for many years consisted of a few scattered buildings, has grown within the last two years into a thriving township. At a recent auction sale of Crown land in the village, allotments to the value of £1,555 were sold. The township of Bonalbo is also expanding rapidly and is the centre of much, building activity. A new Crown subdivision of building allotments has recently been laid out there. As an indication of the reduction in the cost of transport of produce, etc., that has taken place in the area, it might be stated that the freight and passenger charges between Woodenbong and Kyogle have been reduced as follows :— Ordinary freight—Stores, etc.. from £4 to 30s. per ton- Pigs, from 4s. to Is. each. Passengers, from 20s. to 7s. 6d. each single; from 40s. to 12s. 6d- each return. . . s

On the main road, from Tabulain to Casino the cost of carriage has been reduced by about 15s. a ton since the commencement of the work as a result of the increased quantities of freight available for transport. The progress and development already apparent are such as to indicate that the estimates made in regard to increased settlement and production will be realised before many years. The Upper Clarence and Richmond River Valley Developmental Road works are, therefore, conspicuous for the fact that they have not only substantially reduced the costs of transport in the area affected, but have also shown an immediate and visible return in what may be regarded as the permanent settlement of the areas they traverse. Other road works at present in progress as part of the general plan for the development of this part of the North Coast districts are the construction of Developmental Road No. 1050 from Baryulgil to Trunk Road No. 64, and Developmental Road No. 1088 from Cawongla towards Murwillumbah. These works are referred to elsewhere in this report.

WORK UNDERTAKEN FOR OTHER DEPARTMENTS. By arrangement with the Department of Local Government, this Department acted in an advisory capacity in connection with the allocation of loan funds made available to the Local Government Department for distribution amongst Councils for works on roads other than proclaimed main or develop­ mental roads. The engineering oversight of the works to be carried out by the Councils in expenditure of these funds was also undertaken by this Department. Three senior Inspecting Officers were detailed to this work-exclusively for a period of four months, and Up to 30th June, 1935, inspections were made of 777 separate road OT bridge proposals submitted by Shire and Municipal Councils, and reports as to the eligibility of the works were forwarded to the Local Government Department. During the year plans and specifications to the numbeT of 206, which were submitted by-Councils for approved works, were examined, an officer being made available specially for the work. Hans, etc., for 164 approved works had yet to be submitted for examination at the end of the year. Inspections in connection with the engineering supervision of the construction are being proceeded with, arrangements having been made for supervision of the work by the engineering staff of the various Divisional Officers of the Department.

AGGREGATE STATEMENT OP INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED 30TH JUNE, 1935. The following statement sets out the aggregate income and expenditure during the year ended 30th June, 1935, for each of the Road Funds administered by the Department, together with comparative totals for 1933-34. For more detailed information concerning the various items included in this summary, reference should be made to Parts II to IV in this report relating to each fund.

County of Country Develop­ Comparative Cumberland Main Roads mental Roads Totals. Totals for Main Roads • Fund. 1933-34. . Fund. Fund.

Income— ^ £ £ £ £ £ Motor Taxati'QiiX(State)1- 318,171 1,005,852 1,324,023 1,196,769 Share-of Registration" ibid License Fees 136,132 * 136, J 32 177,284 Federal Aid Roads Agreement (Petrol Tax) i53,325 499,851 653,176 581,885 Councils' Contributions 236,209 10,791 52 247,052 250,752 Unemployment Relief Grants 10,850 197,625 329,223 222,092 120,748 Toll Charges on Terries 10,203 11,473 21,676 18,637 24,906 * Interest 2,833 6,380 19,092 9,879 1,050 Transfer from Consolidated Revenue 9,560 Miscellaneous 5,568 15,303 9,714 21 •Transfer from Country Main Roads Fund to 1 Developmental Roads Fund, vide Finances Adjustment {Further Provisions) Act, 1933 135,000 135,000*

Total 737,159 1,742,818 265,700 2,745,677 2,482,935

Expenditure— Maintenance of Roads and Bridges 353,174 971,915 365 1,325,454 1,058,016 Construction of Roads and Bridges 297,475 721,648 279,161 1,298,284 .1,039,179 Repayment of Principal and payment of Interest, Sinking Fund and Exchange on Loans 239,595 149,739 40,870 430,204 457,907 Western Division Roads 55,976 55,976 . 51,660 Plant Expenses - - •. 4,666 Administrative Expenses 18,102 50,624 8,050 76,776 ' 63,699 Miscellaneous 548 1,615 2,163 3,187

Total 908,894 1,951,517 328,446 3,188,857 2,678,314

* Debit. * The total income for the year, including unemployment relief grants, was £2,745,677 as compared with £2,482,935 in the preceding year, an increase of £262,742, or 10-5 per cent. This was accounted for principally by increased revenue from State motor taxation and the petrol tax and additional sums made available.by the Unemployment Relief Council for expenditure on main and developmental roads. The expenditure during 1934-35 totalled £3,188,857 as compared with £2,678,314 in the year 1933-34, the excess of expenditure over income in the current year being accounted for by cash balances brought forward from the previous year. Of the total expenditure, 43-3 per cent., or £1,381,430, was spent on maintenance and minor improvement work (including works in the Western Division of the State); 40-7 per cent., or £1,298,284, on the construction of roads and bridges; and £509,143, or 16 per cent., on sinking fund, exchange, administrative and other standard charges. 0

PART II.—COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND MAIN ROADS FUND.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE. The Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet of the County of Cumberland Main Roads Fund are set out hereunder. The operations of the fund for the year may be summarised in the following manner :—• £ Cash on hand at commencement of year (1/7/34) 165,131 Add Income for the year 737,159

902,290 Add Nett fluctuation in assets and liabilities 30/6/34 as compared with 30/6/35 7,168

909,458 Deduct Expenditure for the year 908,894

Cash on hand at end of year (30/6/35) £564

When the year closed the Department's balances of commitments for works in progress were £195,619 for Construction and £9,344 for Maintenance, or a total of £204,963.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED 30TH JUNE, 1935.

A.—Maintenance and Miscellaneous. •

EXPENDITURE. INCOME. s. d. £ s. d. i. d. 30th June, 1935— 30th June, 1935— To Maintenance of Main and Secondary Roads By Share 'Of Motor Taxes in accordance and Bridges with Section 10 (1) of the Main Roads (a) Maintenance Grants to Councils ... tll4,216 1 Act, 1924-31 308,095 15 3 (b) Maintenance by Department J237.024 2 (e) Maintenance by Public Works De­ „ Transfer from Public Vehicles Fund 10,074 10 9 partment 1,935 3 0 353,1- ,, Requisition upon the City of Sydney „ Repayment of Principal and Interest on and Suburban Councils in accordance Loans— with Section 11, Main Roads Act, (a) Sections 13 (1-4&) Main RoadsAct, 1924-31 233,122 12 1 1924-31 (b) Section 13 (5), Main Roads Act, §131,173 12 1 „ Income under Federal Aid (Further 1924-31 Agreement) Act, 1931 158,087 19 0 (e) Section 181 (e), Local Government §43,285 3 2 Less Payments to National Debt Act, 1919 Sinking Fund 5,362 17 1 (d) Exchange on Remittances of §60,960 10 6 153,325 1 It Interest to London, etc „ Miscellaneous Income— 4,175 8 10 239,595 0 7 (o) Interest 2.833 0 4 ,, Miscellaneous Expenditure 548 9 10 (b) Toll Charge9 on Perries 10,203 1 7 Administrative Expenses— (<0 Other 2,980 16 7 (a) Salaries 11,461 6 2 16,016 18 6 (&) Rent, Printing, Stationery, General Expenses, etc 6,640 5 1 18,101 11 3 „ Balance carried forward to Part " E " ... 109,215 IS 8 720,635 7 6 £ 720,635 7 6

T Por details, see Statement, pages 22 and 23. J For details see Statement, pages 26 and 21 For details sec Statement, pages 10 to 12.

B.—Construction,

Expenditure. £ s. d. Income. 30th .Tune, 1935— 30th June, 1935— To Construction and Reconstruction of Main and Secondary By Balance brought forward from " A " Roads and Bridges— „ Contributions by Councils for Resumptions and Subsidiary Works on Main Roads (a) From Revenue (State Funds) 278,979 3 10 ,, Contributions by Councils for Resumptions and Construc­ (i) Prom Contributions by Councils for Resumptions tion of Secondary Roads and Subsidiary Works on Main Roads 3,912 18 2 „ Contributions by Other Departments and Bodies towards (c) Prom Contributions by Councils for Resumptions Construction of Main Roads and Construction of Secondary Roads 611 2 11 ,, Miscellaneous Income (d) Prom Contributions by other Departments and Bodies towards Construction of Main Roads 2,907 11 1 Grant by State Unemployment Relief Council towards (e) From Miscellaneous Income 214 8 4 tbe cost of Constructing Bridge and Approaches over Parramatta River at Uhr's Point, Ryde „ Construction of Bridge and Approaches over Parramatta Balance being excess of Expenditure over Licomo for River at TJhr's Point, Ryde 10,850 0 0 the year £ f297,475 4 4

t For details see Statement, pages 16 to 20. 10

BALANCE-SHEET AT 30TH JUNE, 1935.

LIABILITIES. ASSETS. £ s. d. 3undry Creditors- Cash at Treasury Supply oi Stores and Materials 13.330 9 1 Miscellaneous 3,902 3 3 Depot Buildings and other Assets 101,043 19 17,282 12 4 Less Depreciation 20,453 4 Stock on Hand Sundry Debtors— Councils under Section 11, Main Roads Insurance Reserve 5,000 0 0 Act 77,048 7 8 Loans to Councils for roadwork 26,002 18 10 Income and Expenditure Account— Commonwealth Government under Fed­ ] 2,520 16 11 Balance at 30th June, 1934 394,348 10 3 eral Aid Roads (Further Agreement) Less deficiency for the year ending Act, 1931 30th June, 1935 171,735 13 11 State Treasury, Interest, Exchange, etc. 222,612 10' 4 sec. 13 (4b) Main Roads Act 296 19 5 Miscellaneous 23,439 11 3

244,895 8 8

NOTE.—In addition to tin liabilities stated above, repayment has to be made over varying terms of years of loans chargeable to the County of Cumberland Main Roads Fund as provided in section 13 of the Main Roads Act, 1924-31, and section 181 (c) of the Local Government Act-,,1919. The principal amount of such loans outstanding at 30th June, 1935, was £1,310,886 0s. 4d. A. E. WARBTJRTON, Accountant.

LOAN LIABILITIES. As explained in earlier reports, the Department's loan obligations fall broadly into three classes, viz :- - (a) Loans inherited at the commencement of the Main Roads Act on 1st January, 1925, by virtue of Section 13 (1), (2), (3), and (5). (6) Loans raised by Councils, but which the Main Roads Board agreed to guarantee to repay in whole or in part. (c) Loans advanced to the Main Roads Board by the Colonial Treasurer since 1st January, 1925.

The following tables set out the position on 30th June, 1935, of each loan under these three main headings

LOANS INHERITED AT COMMENCEMENT OF MAIN ROADS ACT ON 1ST JANUARY, 1925.

Amount of Amount Payments dijrin g 1934-35. Balance of Loan Repaid to Principal on Particulars. Liability 30th June, 30th June, Undertaken. 1934. Principal. Interest. 1935.

Table under Sect 07il3 (1-2). £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ £. d. £ s. d. 77,401 JU 1 41,903 15' 5 5,808 7 8 1,535 9 6 29,749 7 0 245,S44 13 5 132.083 9 9 18,509 11 8 4.SS5 13 6 94,591 12 0 323,306 3 6 174,587 5 2 24,377 19 4 6,421 3 0 [124,340 19 0

Road Council. No. Table under Section 13—5«; A=bfield . S.H. 5 Prom Parramatta-road to Enfield-Bur wood 1 5,290 1 5 9,005 10 4 1,254 19 5 251 7 10 4,969 11 S Boundary. Botany ...... M.R. 170 Mill Pond-Botany-Randwick boundary 240 0 0 240 0 0 M.R. 167 Canterbury-road, within the municipality 14,308 7 9 14,308 . 7 9 S.H. 5 Derwent-street-Glebe Point road 3,250 15 11 3,250 15 11 Kuring-gai .... . S.H. 10 From Boundary-street, Roseville, to Pearce'; 4,894 18 1 2,738 17 10 385 6 0 104 1 4 1,790 13 9 Corner, Wahroonga. . S.H. 10 55,951 9 8 34.930 11 4 4,R35 11 4 842 14 1 10,185 7 0 M.R. 164 Military road, from Crcmorne Junction to Spit 3,868 12 0 3,417 10 3 451 1 9 Junction. 14 8 8 . M.R. 164 Spit-road, from Parrawi-road to Medusa-street... 3,847 0 8 2,2S0 17 11 315 15 0 03 5 1 1,250 7 9 M.R. 164 Spit-road, from Military-road to Parrawi-road... 4,199 10 8 3,709 17 2 489 13 0 M.R. 164 Upper Spit-road 541 6 6 541 0 6 15 13 4 North Sydney. . S.H. 10 From North Sydney Post Office, to Falcon-street, 9,556 5 10 5,665 19 i 784 7 3 157 2 7 3,105 19 0 Crow's Nest. . S.H. 10 From North Sydney Post Office to Falcon-street 23,960 8 7 17,730 7 1 2,397 15 8 239 7 3 3,820 5 10 Miller-street to Merlin-street, and Military- road to municipal boundary. . S.H. . 10 Milson's Point to corner of Walker and Mount 1,458 1 2 1,458 1 2 ti streets. . S.H. 10 Mount-street, between Walker-street and North 3,976 5 11 2,943 9 10 397 18 7 39 14 5 634 17 6 Sydney Post Office, and between Falcon- street and municipal boundary. M.R. 171 Anzac-paradc, from City boundary to Allison- 6,799 16 0 6,799 10 0 road. Waverlcy . M.R. 172 From municipal boundary to Cowper-street 1,895 1 1 1,895 1 1 M.R. 172 Between Sandridge-street and Sir Thomas 948 0 3 948 0 3 Mitchell road. M.R. 172 Between Hall-street and Marine Drive 1,352 0 11 1,352 0 11 M.R. 172 Between Old South Head road and Denham- 5,195 12 9 5,195 12 9 street. M.R. 173 From " Cranbrook " Cottage to Gallipoli-avenue 1,778 2 9 694 4 11 94 6 6 46 1 4 989 11 4 M.R. 1'72 Between Jersey-road and Gros've nor-street 10,146 5 9 5,914 1 0' 765-17- 11 169 5 9 3,406 6 10 Total 173,458 3 8 125,066 9 7, 12,172 13 5 1,943 1 8 36,219 0 8 11

LOANS INHERITED AT COMMENCEMENT OF MAIN ROADS ACT ON 1ST JANUARY, 1925 (COUNTY OP CUMBERLAND MAIN ROADS FUND)—continued.

Amount of Amount Payments during 1933-34. Loan Repaid to Road No. particulars. Liability 30th June. Undertaken. 1933. Principal. Interest.

Table tinder Section 13—(56). £ s. d. £ s. d. £ 8. d. £ s. d. £ s. d M.R. 107 Canter bury-road, Garnet-street to Hurlstone 2,439 0 0 1,293 17 2 204 17 5 54 14 8 940 5 5 Park Tram Terminus. M.R. 167 Canterbury-road, Rose-street to Punchbowl-road 1,275' 12 3 030 1 9 100 3 8 30 19 6 539 6 10 M.R. 166 Longuevillc-road, between Lane Cove road and 3,549 14 1,784 11 6 309 7 1 04 5 0 1,355 15 S Burns Bay road. M.R 159 Between Hill-street and Dudley-street .... 6,935 0 0 3,208 15 10 655 18 3 • 148 18 10 3,010 5 11 and 164 M.R. 165 Victoria-road, from Church-street, to Short's 5,328 13 8 1,566 6 0 206 6 11 157 2 2 3,498 0 9 Corner. M.R.185 & Church-street, from Albert-street to Barney- 1 S.H. 13 street, and from Lennox Bridge to Albert- 8 2,292 4 8 370 9 0 218 10 0 4,862 10 0 street. M.R. 173 New South Head road, between City boundary J 70,007,5205 03 0 13,945 14 1 2,095 3 6 2,447 12 1 53,959 2 5 and Lyne Park. M.R. 173 "New South Head road, between Cross-street and 9,062 15 0 4,572 7 4 804 11 0 224 10 5 3,085 16 8 William-street, and Rose Bay Park and Lyne Park. Total 106,115 19 4 29,359 IS 4 4,806 17 4 3,346 13 2 71,949 3 8

Table under Section 13—(5c). Revenue expenditure by various Councils! I recouped by this Department £ 29,277 3 10 29,277 3 10

Table under Section 13—(5d). M.R. 167 Stanmore-Ncw Canterbury road 24,000 0 0 * 11,000 0 11 1,750 14 10 602 18 9 10,648 18 £ 167 2,988 4 5 2,988 4 5 M.R. 167 1,160 17 9 1,1.60 17 9 M.R. 167 6,136 13 6 3,074 11 8 443 14 5 110 17 0 2,618 7 M.R. 167 16,000 0 0 7,733 11 4 1,107 3 3 297 15 2 7,099 5 • M.R. 167 13,977 14 0 13,977 14 6 Total £ 64,203 10 2 40,535 6 7 3,361 12 6 1,011 11 5 20.3G6 11 1

Table under Section 13—(5e and 5/). 170 143,344 7 11 84,989 4 1 11,705 7 5 2,356 15 9 46,589 16 5 170 24,439 2 5 13,869 8 9 2,093 3 11 427 6 7 8,476 9 9 167,783 10 4 98,858 12 10 13,858 11 4 2,784 2 4 55,066 6 2 540,898 7 4 323,097 11 2 34,199 14 7 9,085 8 7 183,001 1 7

LOANS RAISED BY COUNCILS—REPAYMENT GUARANTEED BY THIS DEPARTMENT.

Amount of Amount Payments during 1934-35. Balance of Loan Repaid to Principal on Road No. Particulars. Liability 30th June, 30 th June, Undertaken. 193 4. Principal. Interest. 1935.

Main Roads. 1 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. • £ s. d. £ s. d. M.R. 193 Henderson-road, Botany-road to Garden-street. 4,490 0 0 1,192 14 8 260 13 11 157 3 1 2,946 11 5 S.H. 5 Parramatta-road, Stubbs-street to Duck River. 1 30,550 0 0 30,550 0 0 Botany M.R, 170 Botany-road, near Wilson-street to Randwic 30,000 0 0 14,839 8 2 2,675 15 1 614 3 10 12,434 16 0 boundary. j Canterbury M.R. 167 Canterbury-road from New Canterbury-road t 18,000 0 0 7,452 2 9 1,513 12 10 508 14 11 9,034 4 5 Brought on-street. Darlington S.H. 1 City-road, from Cleveland-street to St. Paul 11,500 0 0 3,475 15 11 703 2 8 392 10 11 7,321 1 5 road. rmington and M.R. 165 ("35,000 0 0 17,558 13 1 1,534 12 1 370 12 7 15,906 14 10 Rydalincre. \ 5,800 0 0 1,572 4 7 343 12 11 207 3 2 3,884 2 6 Hunter's Hill... M.R. 165 Victoria - road, from Gladesville Bridge to 27,500 0 0 14,953 9 11 2,518 5 11 506 17 0 10,028 4 2 Pittwater-road Kogarah M.R. 199 25,300 0 0 7,596 17 0 700 7 0 442 11 7 16,942 10 0 Ku-ring-gai ... M.R. 162 Pittwater-road, from Lane Cove road to EJlleaton /10,500 0 0 10,500 0 0 street. \ 1,500 0 0 1,500 0 0 S.H. 10 Lane Cove-road, widening and paving 76,000 0 0 40,140 11 5 S.190 4 0 1,092 2 2 27.063 4 7 Manly M.R. 164 10,000 0 0 5,016 15 2 889 5 0 202 9 0 4,093 19 10 and 159. M.R. 159 Sydney-road, Hill-streetto Crescent-street 11,000 0 0 5.85? 16 2 582 0 4 109 5 0 4,559 3 6 Ma-cot M.R. 183 Ga.rdcner's-rond from Rosebery Park Race 17,500 0 0 8,779 6 0 1,550 3 S 354 0 6 7,164 9 10 course to Bunnerong-road. North Sydney.. S.H. 10 Lane Cove road, from Mount-street to Falcon 44,000 0 0 13,211 18 3 2,683 10 10 1,506 6 11 28,104 10 11 street. Parramatta ... M.R. 165 Victoria-road \ 10,000 0 0 3,323 10 2 029 0 9 S.H. 13 Pennant Hills road / 1 277 3 0 6,047 3 M.R. 184 Windsor-road, Barney-street to nort 1,370 0 0 455 7 0 80 3 4 37 19 5 828 9 8 boundary of municipality. M.R. 105 Victoria-road \ 4,500 1,495 14 11 2,721 ,, S.H. 13 Pennant Hills road f 0 0 1 283 0 124 14 4 5 0 M.R. 155 Mulgoa-road v. 8,000 0 0 0,784 7 4 M.R. 154 Kings wood-Luddcnham road J 12 8 1,215 60 15 4 Uandwick M.R. 171 Anzac-parade, Barker-street to Gardencr's-road 18,000 0 0 8,230 5 0 1,557 9 11 469 5 10 8,212 5 1 Richmond M.R. 184 Rickaby Creek-Church Hill /18,000 0 0 7,075 17 10 1.197 8 7 531 9 I 9,720 13 7 I 14,000 0 0 4.624 10 10 ' 878 18 9 457 18 11 8,496 1.0 5 Rockdale M.R. 199 Rocky Point road, Ramsgate-road to Tarcn 25,000 , 0 0 5,419 14 9 1,403 18 11 961 14 3 18,170 0 4 Point. St. Mary's M.R. 154 Kingswood-Luddenham road 16,580 0 0 16,580 0 0 M.R. 164 Pittwater-road 58,000 0 0 12,573 3.0 0 3,257 3 2 2,23.1 3 5 45,109 0 10 Willoughby ... M.R. 191 FuIIer's-road, from Lane Cove road to View-') street, £1,500. (. 61,500 0 0 18,460 13 1 3,750 17 3 2,105 9 2 39,2.°2 9 8 it S.H. 10 Lane Cove road, from North Sydney boundary, f Bcoughton-strect, £60,000. J Total S. 593,500 0 0 209,279 1 0 38,476 14 6 14,321 19 11 285,744 4 0 12

LOANS RAISED BY COUNCILS—continued.

Amount Amount Balance of of Loan Repaid to Payments during 1934-35. Principal on Council. Road No. Particulars. Liability 30th June, 30th June, Undertaken. 1934. Principal. Interest. 1935.

Secondary Roads. 1 £ d. £ s. d. £ 9. d. £ 9. £ A. D. S.R. 2005 * 30,000 0 0 8,132 5 0 1,777 9 6 1,071 9 10 20,090 5 6 road. S.R. 2003 Cleveland-street ....* *4,000 0 0 1,091 15 10 237 14 8 142 9 7 2,670 9 6 S.R. 2006 Lyons-road and Great North road .. 22,100 0 0 7.377 9 1 863 9 8 293 9 5 13,859 1 3 S.R. 2002 Bridge-road, from Taylor-street to R ss-street.. 9,500 0 0 3,452 2 9 614 14 9 250 11 11 5,433 2 0 S.R. 2009 Babbage-road, Boundary-street to Roseville 11,231 5 9 2725' 19 1 046 9 0 354 14 3 7,858 17 8 Bridge. S.R. 2003 Cleveland-street, from Dowling-street to Regent- 6,000 0 0 2193 2 0 388 14 9 157 14 6 3,418 3 3 street. S.R. 2008 Rourke-street, from Botany-road to Lachlan 8,500 0 0 2,288 5 5 502 0 10 304 8 2 5,709 13 9 street. S.R. 2009 Boundary-street 5,000 0 0 1.483 5 10 385 9 7 171 1 8 3,131 4 7 Total £ 96,331 5 9 28,744 5 0 5,416 2 9 2,745 19 4 62,170 18 O Grand Total—Guaranteed Loans ..: £ 089,831 5 9 298,023 6 0 43,892 17 3 17,067 19 3 347,916 2 6

* The Department has accepted liability for the whole loan, Councils concerned have undertaken to pay to the Department 50 per cent, o'f the Kalf- yearly instalments.

LlABILITIES TO COLONIAL TREASURER UNDER SECTION 13 (4), (4A) AND (4B).

Sinking Fund Amount of Amount Repaid Contributions Payments by Department of Loan Liability by Department by Commonwealth Main Roads during 1934-35. Balance of undertaken by Government Principal on Particulars. of Main Roads under Financial 30th June, Department to 30th .Tune, Agreement and 1935. of Main Roads. 1934. Federal Aid Roads Agreement. Principal. Interest.

£ a. d. £ " s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Section 13 (4)— Unemployment Relief Loans 79,500 0 0 29,047 7 S 4,533 11 7 2,450 18 11 45,919 ' 0 9 355,608 2 0 134,788 17 0 24,180 16 10 9,436 17 0 196,638 8 2 £ 435,108 2 0 163,830 4 . 8 28,714 8 5 11,887 15 11 242,557 8 11 Section 13 (4a)— 12,000 0 0 238 19 4 70 16 0 528 9 2 11,690 4 8 350,000 0 0 52,470 10. 5 13,776 11 4 13,235 11 4 283,752 18 3 362,000 0 0 52,709 9 9 13,847 . 7 4 13,764 0 6 295,443 2 11 Section 13 (4b)— • 91,500 0 0 581,488 18 0 y 3,480 12 4 42,522 17 1 3,956 17 2 24,631 18 2 623,028 11 5 £ 1,470,097 0 0 J 220,026 6' 9 42,522 17 1 46,518 12 11 1 50,283 14 7 1,161,029 3 3

SUMMARY OF LOAN LIABILITIES.

Sinling Fund Contributions Payments by Department of Amount of Amount Repaid by Commonwealth Main Roads during 1934-35. Loan Liability by Department, Government undertaken by of Main Roads Particulars. under Financial Department to 30th June, Agreement and of Main Roads. 1934. Federal Aid Roads Agreement, Principal. Interest.

£ s. d. £ s. d £ s. d. £ s. d. Section 13 (land 2), Colonial Treasurer 323,306 3 0 174,587 5 2 24,377 19 4 6,421 3 0 Section 13 (5a, b, c, d, e and f), Councils 540,898 7 4 323,097 11 2 34,199 14 7 9,085 8 7 Total Inherited Liabilities £ 804,204 10 10 497,684 10 4 58,577 13 11 15,506 11 7 Section 13 (4, 4a and 4b), Colonial Treasurer 1,470,097 0 0 220,026 6 9 42,522 17 1 46,518 12 11 50,283 1 4 7 1,161,029 3 3 Section 181(c), Local Government Act, 1919 (Guaranteed Loans 689,831 5 9 29S.023 6 0 43,892 17 3 17,067 19 3 347,915 2 6 2.159,928 5 9 518,049 12 42,522 17 1 90,411 10 2 67,351 13 10 1,508,944 5 9 Grand Total—Loan Liabilities 3,024,132 16 7 1,015,734 42,522 17 1 148,989 4 1' 82,858 6 5* 1,816,888 0 4

* In addition to these sums an amount of £7,747 lis. Id. was paid to the Treasury during the year, making a total of £239,595 0s. 7d. in respect of loan charges vide Income and Expenditure Account on page 9.

CONSTRUCTION. The total expenditure on construction works in the County of Cumberland during the financial year amounted to £297,475 as compared with an expenditure of £225,250 for the preceding year. The principal works carried out during the year were as follow ;—

By the Department. . . (a) State Highway No. 5 : Great Western Highway, Church Street and Parramatta Road. In the Muuicipahties of Ashfield, Drurnmoyne and Auburn portions of the central macadam sections which had been left when the side-strips of the road were reconstructed, have been replaced with cement concrete. In order to improve the visibility which previously was very limited, the four sharp crests in the Highway at Rooty Hill and between South Creek and Kingswood in the Shire of Blacktown and the Municipality of St. Mary's, were regraded. A new pavement has been laid consisting of a harsh mix concrete base and a premised macadam surface course. C7o:to

13

. • Concurrently with the lastmentioned work, a contract was let for the construction of a 5-span reinforced cement concrete bridge over South Creek at St. Mary's. The new bridge has been relocated and the awkward bends in the alignment of the approaches to the old bridge have been eliminated, thus removing a very definite danger point that has existed for many years. As mentioned in last year's report, the bridge over Duck Creek adjacent to the Clyde- Carlingford railway crossing was widened, and the bottle neck which previously existed at this point has now been completely eliminated by the widening of the railway level crossing. The latter work was carried out by the Department of Railways for the two Departments concerned. In the Municipality of Parramatta between Lansdowne-street and the Great Western Highway intersection, the pavement was widened by the construction of side-strips consisting of a harsh-mix cement concrete basecourse. A wearing course, which was also extended over the existing central macadam pavement, was then laid by the drag-spreader method. More detailed references to the use of harsh-mix concrete are made in Part I of this Report.

(b) State Highway No. 13—Pennant Hills Road. The widening of Lennox Bridge, over the Parramatta River, at Church-street, Parramatta, to conform to the general width of the roadway adjacent, was carried out under contract let by the Department. The stone arch in this bridge is one of the oldest remaining in the Common­ wealth as it was constructed between 1836-39, and although the actual widening was effected in cement concrete, a sandstone facing was laid to conform, as far as possible, to the former construction. Between Mason's Drive and Bettington Lane in the Shire of Baulkham Hills and the Municipality of Dundas, on account of the complete failure of the old macadam, a new pavement was laid composed of a harsh-mix concrete base and a pre-mixed drag-spread macadam surface course. Similar reconstruction was undertaken on this road in the Municipality of Ku-ring-gai and the Shire of Hornsby between the end of the cement concrete pavement near Campbell- avenue and the Pacific Highway at Pearce's Corner.

(c) Main Road No. XQ4r^Barrenjoey Road.) The Department commenced by day labour the reconstruction of Barrenjoey-road northward from the end of the existing cement concrete pavement at Narrabeen. The work involves the improvement of alignment by deviations, regrading and widening. Wherever the condition and levels of the existing pavement are suitable it is being utilised as a base-course for the new drag-spread macadam wearing course, but where the old pavement cannot be adopted, a ballast base-course is laid with an intermediate course of premixed material using hard local sandstone as the aggregate. Realignment involving resumptions has been undertaken at Sheepstation Hill (between Narrabeen and Mona Vale), near Mona Vale at " La Corniche " corner at Bassett-street and north of Grandview-parade on the " 11-mile " hill. A further deviation is in hand adjacent to the Avenue, Newport. For the supply of the stone required for the reconstruction a quarry has been opened at Bilgola.

(d) Main Road No. 171—Bunnerong Road. • On this road during 1929-30 the section between Maroubra Bay road and Flint-street was reconstructed in cement concrete and during the current year this reconstruction was extended over the remaining sections between Gardeners-road (Main Road No. 183) and Beauchamp-road. Wherever the condition and levels of the old pavement were suitable, it was not removed but was resheeted with drag-spread premixed macadam. In the design for this road between Maroubra Bay road and Beauchamp-road, a boulevarde scheme has been incorporated and the central grass plots' have now been formed.

(e) Main Road No. 172—Oxford Street. In order to eliminate a double crossing of the tram-tracks by traffic on Oxford-street near the Queen-street and Ocean-street entrance gates to. Centennial Park, a duplicate road pavement has been constructed between the tracks and the Park boundary. In conjunction with this • work, which was carried out in cement concrete, the road pavement on the southern side of the tracks between Ocean-street and York-road was widened.

' (/) Main Road No. 328—Warringah Road. In continuation of work carried out in the previous year on this road within the Shire of Warringah for,the purpose of alignment improvement immediately north of Roseville Bridge, the formation was widened and a deviation constructed from the top of Beacon Hill to junction with Pittwater-road (Main Road No. 164) adjacent to the Harbord-road intersection.

By Councils. (a) State Highway No. 10—Pacific Highway. As. referred to in the previous report, the 'widening of the Pacific Highway between Broughton and Milner roads on the northern side was undertaken by the Wilioughby Council by day labour. The extension of the widening to Longueville-road is being proceeded with duxin? 1935-36. 14

(b) Main Road No. 162—Ryde-Piitwater Road. On this road on the hill known as First Rocks, westward of St. Ives, in the.Municipality of Ku-ring-gai, the Council undertook the construction of a deviation as an Unemployment Relief work. This deviation has eliminated a section of steeply graded and poorly aligned road. After consolidation of the gravel and ballast base course under traffic, a wearing course of premixed macadam will be laid. Ku-ring-gai Council also carried out by day labour the reconstruction of the section of this road between Cultowa-road and the Pacific Highway. In this case a harsh mix concrete base was adopted with a drag-spread premixed macadam wearing course. (c) Main Road No. 164—Sydney Road, Condamine Street, Barrenjoey Road, etc. In the Municipality of Manly, the Council reconstructed by day labour the section of Sydney-road between the junction with Battle Boulevarde and the end of the sections previously reconstructed at French's Forest road. A ballast base was laid with a drag-spread premixed macadam wearing course supported by sandstone sidestones. The Manly Council also widened Sydney-road between French's F'orest road and Dudley- street on the southern side by the construction of a cement concrete slab extending from the central macadam pavement to the kerb line. In addition this Council undertook the reconstruction in cement concrete of the central 20 feet of Condamine-street between Sydney-road and Lovett-street in the Municipality of Manly and the Shire of Warringah. {d) Main Road No. 173—New South Head Road. During the year the widening of New South Head road was advanced a stage further by the construction of an additional area'of cement concrete pavement adjacent to Kambala School and Rose Bay Convent.

(e) Main Road No. 194—General Holmes Drive and Grand Parade. Between Cook's River bridge and Bruce-street, Brighton-le-Sands, a duplicate road pavement was constructed by Rockdale Council by day labour. This duplication allows one-way traffic on each carriage way. while the area between the two is available for the construction of garden plots and tree-planting. On Grand-Parade between Bay-street and Bruce-street widening was undertaken on the western side. In both cases the construction consisted of a telford basecourse with a wearing course of drag-spread premixed bituminous macadam.

(/) Main Road No. 200—-Concord Road. It is anticipated that the bridge under construction over the Parramatta River at Uhr's Point, will be open for traffic early in 1936, and, as a step in the improvement of the approach roads to this bridge, a cement concrete pavement was laid on a deviation of Main Road No. 200 between Killoola-street and Loch Maree parade in the Municipality of Concord. The pavement already laid will link Concord-road with the approach road to the bridge. The work was carried out under a contract let by Concord Council.

(g) Main Road No. 339—Old South Head Road. The reconstruction was completed of this road between Palmer-street and New South Head road in the Municipalities of Vaucluse and Waverley. The work, which was undertaken by Waverley Council by day labour, consists of a central cement concrete strip with macadam shoulders tar surfaced.

(h) Secondary Road No. 2014—Kingsgrove Road and Beamish Street,. Kingsgrove-road and Beamish-street form portion of Secondary Road No. 2014, a circum­ ferential road extending from Rockdale through Canterbury to Parramatta-road, Ashfield. The intersection of these two streets with Canterbury-road do not coincide, and in order to provide a convenient connection a short deviation was constructed in cement concrete. The work was carried out by Canterbury Council by day labour.

(i) Secondary Road No. 2018—Old Canterbury Road. This road was reconstructed in cement concrete between the main suburban railway line and the Dulwich Hill Goods line. Petersham Council carried out the work by day labour.

BRIDGE OVER PARRAMATTA RIVER AT UHR'S POINT. In pursuance of the Parramatta River (Ryde to Concord) Bridge Act, 1931, the Ryde Municipal Council was authorised to construct a bridge over the Parramatta River at Uhr's Point, Clause 4 of the Act provided that— " The said bridge and approaches shall be constructed in accordance with T>lans and specifications to be prepared by the Main Roads Board of New South Wales and approved and supplied by the Minister."

The Department accordingly proceeded with the preparation of plans and specifications for a bridge* together with approaches, on the site approved by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works. The plans and specifications for the bridge and approaches were submitted to Ryde Council in March, 1933, the plans providing for a structure having a total span of approximately 1,075-ft. between abutments and comprising eight steel plate girder spans each 80-ft. centre to centre of bearings, two fixed steel truss spans each 154-ft. centre to centre of bearings and one moveable steel truss span of the vertical lift type 110-ft. centre to centre of bearings. The design provides for a roadway 30-ft. in width between kerbs and 15

a cantilevered footway 6-ffc. in width on the upstream side of the bridge. The movable sptin is to be electrically operated, with a petrol engine for emergency purposes. The gates for the protection of traffic on either side of the lift span are to be electrically operated by remote control from the machinery house on the lift span. The plans and specifications were prepared with the object of calling tenders in three sections. Contract No. 1—The manufacture, supply and delivery of metal work and machinery. Contract No. 2—The construction of substructure and erection of metal work, construction of deck and counter weights, erection of handrailing, construction of fenders and final completion (excluding earthworks, approaches, etc.). Contract No. 3—The construction of earthworks and concrete pavement on approach roads. The work was estimated to cost as follows :— (A) Bridge Structure—• £ £ Survey, design, borings, prints of plans, etc 3,900 Structure— {a) Contract No. 1 33,350 (6) Contract No. 2 56,550 Interest during construction 7,500 Supervision 2,000 103,300 (B) Approaches— Survey, design, prints of plans etc. 200 Acquisition of land ...... 7,785 Road work, Contract No. 3 21,300 Interest during construction 1,000 Supervision 265 30,550 Total £133,850 In March, 1933 the Council was able to finalise financial arrangements for the building of the bridge, this being made possible by the Government making a grant of £53,850 to the Ryde Municipal Council through the Unemployment Relief Council, leaving the Council to raise a loan of £80,000. Immediately following upon these arrangements Council put in hand the necessary resumptions for acquiring the land required for the approach roads. Tenders were invited by the Council for the con­ struction of the bridge and approaches under three separate contracts as mentioned above. The following tenders were, in due course, accepted :— Contract No. 1—The manufacture, supply and delivery of metal work and machinery— / Messrs. Steel Constructions Ltd., Alexandria £26,459 7 11 Contract No. 2—The construction of substructure and erection of metal work, construction of deck and counterweights, erection of handrailing, construction of fenders and final completion (excluding earthworks, approaches, etc.)— Balgue Construction Company £53,258 0 0 Contract No. 3—The construction of earthworks and concrete pavement on approach roads- Road Constructors Ltd., Annandale £15,263 16 9 Messrs. Balgue Construction Ltd. made an active commencement on the construction of the sub­ structure of the bridge in September, 1933, and work has progressed satisfactorily throughout the year 1934-35, no difficulties of any moment having been experienced notwithstanding the fact that the deepest piers are founded on rock some 90-ft. below low water mark, compressed air being used in the sinking of of the cylinders. In the meantime, fabrication of the steel work was undertaken by Messrs. Steel Constructions Ltd. and is now practically complete, the bulk delivered to the site, and a considerable portion erected. Messrs. Road Constructors, Ltd. commenced work on the approach roads in August, 1934, and this was satisfactorily completed in May, 1935. The construction of the bridge and approaches is being carried out under the diiect supervision of the Ryde Municipal Council, the Department, by arrangement with the Council, acting in an advisory capacity on technical matters. It is expected that the bridge will be completed about the end of November or early December, 1935, and on completion of the bridge the Parramatta River (Ryde to Concord) Bridge Act, 1931, provides for the establishment and collection of toll charges on vehicles using the bridge. When the toll charges have liquidated the Council's indebtedness on account of the construction and maintenance of the Bridge, the regulations governing the collection of tolls are to be revoked and the bridge become part of Main Road No. 200.

* 67030—B SUMMARY or CONSTRUCTION WORK AND EXPENDITURE, COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND MAIN ROADS FUND.

Expend iture, 1934-35. Road Length of Carried Expenditure to Total Council. No. Location. Class of Construction. Work. out by. 30th June, 1934. Expenditure to Adjustment of Land for Road 30th June, 1935. Public Utilities. Widening. Construction. Total.

STATE HIGHWAYS. i/ Prince's Highway. IFL. ft. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. •£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Bull! Samways' Corner , Widening Department 19 3 19 3 19 3 Kogarah Approaches to George's RiveT Bridge 155 5 0 16 15 4 16 15 4 172 0 4 Between Gray and Ocean streets 227 16 11 227 16 11 227 16 11 » Corner Harrow-road 37 5 8 37 5 8 37 5 8 Corner Prince's Highway and Bestic-street 158 3 5 158 3 5 158 3 5 Rockdale Near Hegerty-street 547 1 5 547 1 5 547 1 5 St. Peters Cook's River road Widening >, ... 67 12 0 109 18 9f 109 18 9t 42 6 9f Total 878 13 3 878 13 3

Hume Highway. Bankstown At Yagoona Drainage Council 0 16 0 0 16 0 0 16 0* Between Penwick aDd Dutton streets .... Widening Department 0 12 3 116 1 6 116 1 6 116 13 9 n Near Ashley-avenue .- i) 17 10 1 17 10 1 17 10 1 Between Beatrice and Orchard streets .... ,i 17 5 3 17 5 3 17 5 3 >i Between Moore-street and Prospect Creek 1 JI 0 3 6 0 3 6 0 3 6 Burwood Liverpool-road >, 431 8 2 431 8 2 431 8 2 » Fronting Williams' and Whipps' property >> 22 17 6 33 7 7 33 7 7 56 5 1* Fronting Shakespeare's property Council 14 5 5 14 5 5 14 5 5* Cabramatta and Opposite Burrawarra Park Department 12 10 6 185 10 0 185 10 0 198 0 6 Canley Vale. Enfield and Burwood Between Burwood-road and Baker-street ... Gravel 0 500 » 1,368 11 0 52 12 2 2,896 6 9 2,948 18 11 4,317 9 11* Between Punchbowl-road and Cook's River Alteration to watermains 498 15 0 498 15 0 498 15 0 Liverpool Macquarie-street t. Widening 610 6 8 0 6 Of 0 6 ot 610 0 8 Total 1 | 551 7 2 3,663 19 3 48 9 0 4,263 15 6

stern Highu ay. Auburn, Ashfleld and Between Station-road and Stubbs-street and between Cement concrete 0 3067 Department 4,837 2 6 4,837 2 6 4,837 2 6 Drummoyne. Wolseley and Lang streets. Blue Mountains At Springwood Kerbing and guttering Council 30 0 0 30 0 0 30 0 0 Near Faillconbridge Bitunen penetration macadam 0 850 Department 122 10 0 1,616 18 7 1,739 8 7 1,739 8 7* Oakura-avenue, Woodford Premixed bitumen macadam . 0 340 it 809 18 3 809 18 3 809 18 3» Burwood Between Burwood-road and Esher-street Widening Department 69 19 10 2,009 6 4 65 13 2 2,144 19 4 2,144 19 4 and Council. Burwood, Concord Between Lang-street, and Concord-road Cement concrete 0 4250 Department 19,152 11 4 139 12 10 52 6 3 191 19 1 19,344 10 5» and Drummoyne. Burwood Corner Albert-street Widening 14 10 0 14 10 0 14 10 0* Concord Between Melbourne and Broughton streets Department 6 2 6 5 2 6 5 2 6 Concord and Holroyd Between Drummoyne boundary and Concord-road, Cement concrete 0 3996 » 30 18 8 30 18 8 30 18 8 and between Granville Subway and Woodville-road. Glebe Fronting OldlDgs' property Retaining wall 136 12 fl 136 12 6 136 12 6* Granville Between Duck River and Granville Subway Cement concrete 0 4922 16,3u'6"ifl 8 2,845 IS 10 678 3 9 8,522 3 4 12,040 5 11 28,347 2 7 Resheeting 0 4922 » 1,636 16 3 1,636 16 3 1,636 16 8 >» Clyde-Carl'i'ngford rail crossing Widening Railway 132 12 2 4,528 10 3 4,661 2 5 4,661 2 6 Department. Holroyd Between Granville Subway and A'Beckett's Creek Council 31 16 4 31 16 4 31 16 4* Katoomba Near Katoomba Station Department 2 2 6 2 2 6 2 2 6 Parramatta From Lansdowne-street to Great Western turn-off Concrete base with premixed bitumen 0 700 „ 31 6 8 968 14 8t 127 17 10 840 16 10f 809 10 2t macadam surface. St. Marys At South Creek Concrete bridge 5,767 7 6 5,767 7 6 5,767 7 6 St. Marys and Black- Deviation at South Creek and regrading crests at Premixed macadam on concrete base 1 919 53 10 11 13,094 12 5 13,148 3 4 13,148 3 4 town. " Minchinbury," and between St. Marys and Kings- course. wood. Total 3,188 3 8 1,954 7 7 41,250 17 7 46,393 8 10

Completed Works, t Credits. SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION "WORK AND EXPENDITURE—continued.

Expenditure, 1934-35. Road Length of Carried Expenditure to Total Council. No. Location of Work. Class of Construction. 30th June. 1934. Expenditure to Work. out by. Adjustment of Land for Road 30th June, 1935. PubUc Utilities. Widening. Construction. Total.

Pacific Highway. m. ft. £ s. d. £ P. d. £ s. d- £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Hornsby ... Between Unwin-road and College-crescent Widening Department 62 11 3 62 11 3 62 11 3 Kuring-gai Pyinble Station .-. Widening overbridge Railway 728 0 0 284 1 4 284 1 4 1,012 1 4* Department and Council. Fronting Spooner's property Alterations to footpaths. Council 14 13 4 14 13 4 14 13 4* Fronting Sykes* property .... Widening 1 1 1 1 1 1 111* Fronting Daniel's property . ,', 36 14 4 36 14 4 36 14 4* Pacific Highway Council and 856 14 7 108 15 5 965 10 0 965 10 0 Department. Tuxramurra overbridge .... Widening overbridge Railway 5,094 0 0 6,094 0 0 5,094 0 0 Department. Tryon-road Widening Council and 144 11 11 400 0 0 544 11 11 544 11 ll Department. Lane Cove and Wil- Opposite Longueville-road. loughby. Department 3 11 7 272 5 9 275 17 4 275 17 4* North Sydney Fronting Crowne's property Pootpaving 32 17 10 32 17 10 32 17 lo Junction-street Extension Department • 81,142 3 8 2,323 13 3 2,323 13 3 83,465 16 ll Willoughby and Lane Between Broughton-road and MEner-road Cement concrete 0 860 Council and 1,313 16 .3 95 12 4 16 2 0 2,350 8 8 2,462 3 0 3,775 19 3 Cove. Department. Willoughby Pacific Highway Widening Department 1,662 11 1 1,662 11 1 1,662 11 l Total 243 15 10 4,921 12 2 8,594 17 9 13,760 5 9

The North-South Link Highway. Banks town Woodvllle-road Alterations to watermains.... Department 100 6 8 100 6 100 6 Baulkham Hills Drive and Bettington's-Iane ... Premixed bitumen macadam on cement 396 16 6 7,622 3 7,622 3 concrete base. 0 3788 7,225 6 9 Hornsby .... Between Pearce's Corner and Campbell-avenue Cement concrete base premixed mac 3 0 0 5 7 6 9,214 1 adam surface. 1 115 9,205 14 0 Parramatta Lennox Bridge Widening 8,263 7 3 216 15 10 8,263 7 3 8,480. 3 Church-street north of Pennant-street i'o'io 0 10 10 0 10 10 Council 100 0 0 100 0 Between Bellevue and Belmore streets Kerbing and guttering and drainage 106" "o 0 Total 3 2 15 17 24,794 8 0 26,307 8 Total State Highways 4,480 9 10 11,434 9 9 74,688 12 4 90,603 11 11

MAIN ROADS. Alexandria 183 Corner O'Riordan-street Widening Department. 261 14 6 157 6 0 157 6 0 419 0 6 183 Gardener's-road 312 16 5 312 16 5 312 16 6 193 Corner Henderson-road and Garden-street 29"'7 6 6 13 0 6 13 0 36 0 6 Bankstown 190 Approach to Bankstown Overbridge 3 11 9 3 11 9 3 11 9 156, Castle Hill road Kerb and guttering. Council 150 0 0 150 0 0 Baulkham Hills 160 & 150 0 0 184. Blacktown 184 New Windsor road 15 15 4 15 15 4 15 15 4* Botany and Mascot 170 Over Millpond Creek Concrete bridge Department 4,134 13 3 446 18 10 446 18 10 4,581 12 1* Botany 170 Near Springvale Drain Retaining wall Council 400 0 0 400 0 0 400 0 0 171 Bunnerong-road Widenirg Department. 24 6 7 24 6 7 344 Between Botany aDd Bunnerong roads 185 119" 13 6 5 9 1 125 2 7 Bulli At Austimner Kerb and guttering , Council 5 11 4 5 11 4* 185 At Scarborough 5 11 4 185 Alterations to watermain . Department, 27 11 6 27 11 6* 185 At Wombarra Widening and culverts .... 1,686*15 1 184"l3 7 184 13 7 1,871 8 8* 185 Lower South Coast road In-proving bends 334 13 334 13 5 334 13 5 185 At Coledale Widening 4 17 4 17 0 4 17 0 Thirroul Overbridge Widening and approaches Department 6,288""7 8 7 7 7 7 0 5,290 14 8* and Council. 185 At Thirroul, Pord's Corner Widening Department. 463 7 2 463 7 2 463 7 2 Campbelltown. 178 Thorburn's level crossing ., 50 0 0 60 0 O

* Completed Works. SUMMARY OP CONSTRUCTION WORK AND EXPENDITURE —continued.

Expenditure, 1934-35. Road Length of Carried Expenditure to Tofal Council. Location of Work. Class of Construction. Work. Expenditure to No. out by. 30th June, 1934. Adjustment of Land for Road 30th June, 1935. Public Utilities. Widening. Construction. Total.

MAIN ROADS—continued, m. ft. £ s. d. £ s. £ s. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s, d. Campbelltown 177" Near Cottage Hill Widening , Department 37 2 10 0 11 0 11 St 36 11 7 Rcgrading Canterbury 315 Corner Canary-road and Wiley's-avenue 34"'3 0 34 3 0 34 3 0 315 Canterbury-road to Canaiy-road Widening 47 13 0 119 11 119 11 2 167 4 8 107 Canterbury-rood Alteration of alignment 475 9 475 9 9 475 9 9 167 Between Sharp and Victory streets Cement concrete Council 5,540'"5 10 263 6 5 253 6 5 5,793 12 3* Concord 200 Between Victoria-avenue and Concord-road Kerb and guttering 105 8 9 105 8 9 105 8 9* 200 Deviation at Killoola-street Cement concrete and widening 242 7 19 5,113 5 11 5,374 15 2 5,374 15 2 Dundas 139 Beecroft-road Widening , 106 72 1 2 178 6 8 178 6 8 139 Near Epping Station Bitumen penetration macadam 300 0 0 300 0 0 300 0 0 158 Widening , 315 Church-street Department. 5 10 5 1 0 5 1 0 Enfield "!""'"*''!'!! 315 Prom S.H. 2 to Cook's River Cement concrete 5,766 8 2 1,471 14 1,471 14 8 7,238 2 10* 315 Between Mitchell-road and Cook's River premixed bitumen macadam. ., 605 15 605 15 6 605 15 6* 165 Punchbowl-road Alteration to gas mains 3 10 S 8 10 3 3 10 3* Ermington and Victoria-road, at Rydalmere Widening railway crossing 14 0 14 0 0 14 0 0* Rydalmere. Erskineville At Erskineville Railway Station Bitumen penetration macadam Department 1,274 4 9 139 19 5 106 0 Of 176 10 210 9 5 1,484 14 2* and Council. Hornsby 139 At Beecroft Reserve Widening bend 200 0 0 136 6 5 25 5 161 11 7 361 11 7* 139 Deviation at Devlin's Creek Premixed bituminous surface course Council 2,000 0 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0 139 Concrete bridge and culvert Department. 1,658 9 1,658 9 6 1,658 9 6 139 Galston-road Widening 140 2 6 140 2 6 140 2 6 332 Berowra-Galston road 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 Hunter's Hill 164 Between Gladesville Bridge and Salter-street .... 216 7 216 7 9 216 7 9 Hurstville 168 Forest-road Alteration to watermain 25 17 5 26 17 5 25 17 5* 315 Intersection Dumbleton and Stoney Creek roads. Premixed macadam Council 350 0 0 350 0 0 350 0 0 Kogarah 315 Belmore-road , Kerb and guttering , 14 1 2 14 1 2 14 1 2* Kogarah and Hurst­ 315 Between Forest-road and Cronin-avenue Premixed bitumen macadam 11,215 10 8 10 19 lit 10 19 lit 11,204 10 9* ville. Kogarah 315 Belmore-place 1,953 16 7 67 14 3 67 14 3 2,021 10 10* Ku-ring-gai 162 Deviation at First Rocks Formation and gravelling 425 0 0 425 0 0 425 0 0 162 Cement concrete with asphaltic surface 136 1 5,650 0 0 5,786 1 9 5,786 1 9 Ryde-road and widening. 162 Near Northern Suburbs Showground Gravel with sandstone base 400 0 0 400 0 0 400 0 0 7 62 Between De Burgh's Bridge and Pacific Highway Alterations to public utilities Department. 17 4 77 15 4 77 15 4 84 12 9* 162 Fronting Henley's property Footpaving Council 8 1 • 8 1 9 8 1 9* 162 Through Dorrington's property • Drainage 21 "11 21 11 3 21 11 3* 328 Near Roseville Bridge Widening 261 3 261 3 2 261 3 2* Lane"Cove 166 At Parklands-avenue Regrading and kerb and guttering Department 528 13 2 21 3 5 8 26 12 2 555 5 4* ana Council. 166 ' Longueviile-road : Wider ing Department. 128 14 128 14 9 128 14 9 Manly 159 I Between Crescent-street and Parkview-road .Widening pavement Council 206""0 0 11 15 56 5 0 70 7 3 270 7 3 164 Between French's Forest road and Dudley-street. Cement concrete 231 0 0 2,001 16 3 2,232 16 3 2,232 16 3 164 Between Spit Bridge and Ponsonby-parade Premixed bitumen macadam 2,515 13 6 2,515 13 6 2,515 13 6 Manly and 164 Condamlne-street Cement concrete 9,000 0 0 9,000 0 0 9,000 0 0 Warringah. 164 Sydney-road Widening Department. 13 1 13 1 6 IS 1 6 Manly 167 New Canterbury road Drainage Council 17 5 17 5 2 17 5 2* Marrickville 170 Botany-road : Widening 418 0 7 T "8 7 8 9 425 9 4 Mascot Com-iut concrete 1 1360 Department. 15,322 16 8 1,479 8 3 16,802 4 11* Mascot, Alexandria 183 Gardener's-road and Canal-road 370 9 2 1,108 19 and St. Peters. 183 Alexandra Canal Concrete bridge 4 4 9 9 4 9 9 Mosma'n 164 Central and Ida avenues Premixed macadam on Telford 0 1137 Council 1,250 0 0 *7*"0 5 1,324 1,331 7 6 2,581 7 6 164 Between Cremorne and Spit Junction Widening Department. 12 12 12 12 0 12 12 0 Newtown 193 Corner Wilson-street and Ersklneville-road 3 15 3 15 0 3 15 0 North Sydney .. 164 Military-road fronting Nye's property Council 38 17 38 17 7 38 17 7* 164 • Between Murdoch-street and Cremorne P.O Department. 207 7 8 3 4 3 4 3 210 11 11 Bandwick 171 & Anzac-parade and Gardener's-road Improving intersection Council 392 0 0 162"'4 102 4 5 494 4 5* 183.

•Completed Works. t Credits. SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION WORK AND EXPENDITURE—continued.

Expenditure, 1934-35. Road Length of Carried Expenditure to Total Council. No. Location of Work. Class of Construction. Work. out by. 30th June, 1934. Expenditure to Adjustment of Land for Road 30th June, 1935. Public Utilities. Widening. Construction. Total.

MAIN ROADS—continued, m. ft. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Randwick 183 Near Maitland-avenue and Isaac Smith street. Drainage Department. 35 12 7 17 6 £ s. d. £ s. d. 171 Bunnerong Creek Culvert Council 65 0 0 17 6 37 0 1* Randwick, Mascot, 171 Between Gardener's and Beauebamp roads .... Cement concrete 2 1418 Department. 178 5 10t 1,178" 12 1 3,118 8 1 65 0 0 65 0 0 and Botany. 29,297 0 2 29,118 14 4 Randwick 171 Bunnerong-road Widening 5 7 5 7 6 5 7 6 170 Prom Botany Municipal Boundary to Bomborah 0 510 164 0 8 164 0 8 164 0 8 Point road. Cement concrete. 172 Oxford-street fronting Centennial Park 0 2670 0 5 ,476 6 10 7,315 7 7,315 7 317 Hogue-street Widening 133 8 0 133 8 133 8 Richmond 184 Between Richmond and Richmond Bridge 20 18 6 20 18 20 18 Rockdale 194 New Marine Drive Tree planting Council 29 11 0 29 11 29 11 169 Opposite Buckland's property Filling in 23 12 0 . 23 12 23 12 194 Between President-avenue and Rarasgate-avenue ... Premixed bitumen-macadam".. 1 3400 9,650 4 38*12 6 41 15 10 I 80 8 9,730 13 194 Prom Cook's River to Bruce-street 2 108 9,500 0 0 9,500 0 9,500 0 194 Between Bay-street and Teralba-road 0 1463 395 10 7 2,650 0 0 3,045 10 3.045 10 169 Bay-street : Widening Department, 53 8 11 53 8 11 53 8 ll 168 Forest-road, near Villiers-street 0 19 139 0 19 0 19 Ryde !!!!!!!!!!!! Blaxland-road Subsoil drainage Council 104 12 104 12 8 104 12 8* 165 Victoria-road fronting No. 1043 Widening and foot-paving 59 6 9 139 59 6 599 15 1 59 6 9* Ryde and Eastwood 165 Blaxland-road between M.R. 191 and Terry's Creek... Cement concret3 2 1140 Department. 28,962 8 3 163 16 11 311 8 29,562 3 4* Ryde Victoria-road, between Pittwater-road and The 0 2106 4,662 14 4 275 11 10 227 10 503 2 2 5,165 16 6* Avenue. t> 165 From The Avenue to M.R. 139 736 3,259 16 3 7,303 18 4 3 8 5 10,567 3 0 10,567 3 0 •( 200 Church-street Widening 62 4 7 62 4 7 62 4 7 191 Between Delhi-road and Fuller's Bridge 4 0 0 4 0 0 4 0 0 City of Sydney"'!!!!.'* Intersection Bowman-street and approach to Glebe Rounding intersection Council 56 1 10 .56 1 10* Island Bridge. 56 1 10 Sutherland 227 Gwawley Creek t Penetration macadam on Telford base 760 850 0 0 1 5 190 2 1 1.046 3 6* course. 196 3 6 »• 227 Mogo Creek Culvert 1 10 1 500 0 0 501 501 10 1 173 Between Old South Head road and Dunbar-street. Alteration public utilities Department 35 13 0 35 13 0 35 13 0* Vaucluse 173 )> ••• At Parsley Bay Reserve Widening carriageway Council 325 0 0 325 0 0 325 0 0 173 Between Bay View Hill street and Vaucluse-road. Cement concrete 1,143 15 0 226 10 6t 226 10 6t 917 173 New South Head road Widening Department 2,134 16 0 30 17 30 17 2,165 Warringah 164 At junction Delmar-parade Drainage Council 100 0 0 100 100 328 0 0 Between Roseville Bridge and Brookvale Tar surfacing Department. 2,168 1 1 36 3 4 1,219"" 6 597 0 10 1,852 10 9 4,020 11 10* 328 Northern approach to Roseville Bridge Widening bends 5,560 10 8 5,560 5,560 328 7,003 10 8 10 8* » From Beacon Hill to "Brookvale Deviation and reconstruction in gravel... 1 600 7,003 2 1 2 1 7,003 2 1* 164 30,895 30,895 )> Between Narrabeen Bridge and Avalon Premixed bitumen macadam 10 4290 30,895 12 10 12 10 12 10 164 Pittwater-road Widening 54 19 9 48 103 172 48 10 10 32 10 10 98 10 7 * Waverley Corner Sandridge-street Council 66 10 0 16 11 10 15 10 0 1 10 11 10* 172 Campbell-parade, Hall-street to Marine Drive .... Cement concrete 10,634 6 10 359 10,993 172 0 3495 359 7 9 700 7 9 700 14 7* 339 Bondi-road Retaining wall it 700 0 0 0 0 0 0 Waverley and Between Palmer-street and New South Head road. Cement concrete 10,930 15,930 0""3229 5,000 0 0 1,376*13 7 47 9 9,506 7 5 10 9 10. 9; Vaucluse. Windsor 182 Approaches Hawkesbury River Bridge Premixed bituminous surface on con­ 0 480 Department. 3,030 16 3 33 10 2 33 10 2 3,064 6 5* crete base. Woollahra 173 Frontage of Kambala School. Cement concrete 0 591 Council 3,806 7 10 231 4 3 558 14 9 789 19 4,596 6 10* i> •••• 173 Frontage of Collins' Estate . 143 6 11 143 6 143 6 11* 173 New South Head road Widening Department. 3,057 5 0 3,057 5 3,057 5 0 172 Oxford-street 435 14 9 435 14 435 14 9 Miscellaneous 2,363 10 9 1,259 .16 4 2,255 18 4,619 9 3 Total, Main Roads 3,959 5 5 16,385 1 1 167,095 18 9

* Completed Works. t Credits. SUMMARY or CONSTRUCTION WORK AND EXPENDITURE—continued.

Expenditure, 1934-35. Total Road Length of Carried Expenditure to Expenditure to CounciI No. Location of Work. Class of Construction, Work. out by. 30th June, 1934. Adjustment of Land for Road Total. 30th June, 1935. Public Utilities. Widening. Construction. |

SECONDARY ROADS. n. ft. £ s. d. £ 3. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ S. d. 2005 & Junction Mitchell road and Renwick-street Widening Department. 394 5 3 299 6 10 299 6 10 693 12 1 2026 2014 Between Lloyd-street and Harrow-road fi • • 277 14 8 277 14 8 277 14 8 2014 Between Homer-street and Bexley North Railway 0 500 Council 2,000 0 0 105 9 1 105 9 1 2,105 9 1* Station. Gravelling and culvert 2014 Gravel pavement. 0 1910 6,116 16 9 22 0 0 2,350 15 4t 2,328 15 4t 3,788 1 5* 2014 Intersection Canterbury and Kingsgrove roads Cement concrete, 0 587 26 9 2 3 18 7 1,269 1 6 1,299 9 8 1,299 9 3 2014 Between Hill-street and Canterbury-road 0 1386 2,438 11 9 2,438 11 9 2,438 11 9 2014 Cup and Saucer Creek Culvert 54 4 3 507 14 1 507 14 1 561 18 4* 2016 Jersey-street Extension Bitumen penetration macadam 10 2 0 86 12 2 574*14 11 750 0 0 1,411 7 1 1,421 9 1 2007 Between Balmain Boundary and Grove-street Kerbing and guttering 0""S900 27 5 6 27 5 6 27 5 6* 2007 Intersection Parramatta and Balmain roads Stormwater drainage 300 0 0 300 0 0 300 0 0 2021 Between Cary and Hill streets Cement concrete 3,229 8 5 3,229 8 5 3,229 8 5 2008 Junction Lords-road and Melrose-street Widening 0"'li27 2008 201 0 9 44 0 9 44 0 9 245 1 6* 2018 Old Botany road, at Miles-street Drainage 21 4 10 21 4 10 21 4 10* Between Main Suburban Railway and Dulwich Hill Cement concrete 0 1291 41 0 1 2,450 0 0 2,491 0 1 2,491 0 1 Line. Waterloo 2008 Corner Elizabeth-street Widening Department 27 13 11 27 13 11 27 13 11 Total, Secondary Roads £ 154 1 5 4,434 17 4 5,562 12 2 10,151 10 11 Total Road Construction Expenditure £ 13,593 16 8 32,254 8 2 222,002 16 9 267,851 1 7

Parramatta River, at Ryde Concrete and steel bridge and ap- Council 43,000 0 l0 10,850 0 0 10,850 0 0 53,850 0 0* proaches. Commission paid to' various Councils, vide section 42 450 8 2 450 8 2 450 8 2 of the Main Roads Act. Survey,'Design, Supervision, etc •. 197,419 14 11 18,323 14 7 18,323 14 7 215,743 9 6 Expenditure on works completed prior to 30th June, 3,339,850 17 4 3,339,850 17 4 1934.- Total Expenditure as per Income and Expenditure Account on page 9 3,840,435 13 5 13,593 16 8 32,254 8 2 251,626 19 6 297,475 4 4 4,137,910 17 9

* Completed works. f Credits. 21

MAINTENANCE AND MINOR IMPROVEMENT. At the 30th June, 1935, the total lengths of main and secondary roads maintained within the County of Cumberland (which, for the purpose of the Main Roads Act, extends over the Shire of Blue Mountains and part of the Shire of Colo, and the Municipalities of Katoomba and Blackheath) were as follow :— By Councils By Department. Miles. Miles. State Highways 21J 17H Main Roads 276f 164J Secondary Roads 98J H Total 396* 337i

GRAND TOTAL 734 miles.

The total expenditure on maintenance and minor improvement works on the abovementioned roads, and on bridges and ferries on the border of the County of Cumberland, was as follows :— By Councils. By Department. £ s. d. £ s. d. State Highways 11,309 14 11 117,530 9 9 Main Roads 94,408 9 9 96;696 2 1 Secondarv Roads (Department's contribution) ... "6,608 14 4 510 12 7 Major Bridges and Ferries 605 19 3 19,996 2 6 Commission, Section 42, Main Roads Act 1,282 3 2 Miscellaneous 2,290 15 10

Total £114,215 1 5 £237,024 2 9

As the result of the delay in expenditure of. construction moneys mentioned in the Ninth Annual Report (page 18), considerable funds which had been allocated to other works were available for expenditure during the year under review. In order, therefore, that'the benefit accruing to the general public from the expenditure of such funds should be no longer deferred, it was decided to put in hand a large number of minor improvement works which had been noted for execution as and when the financial position would permit, the need for which was increasing as traffic volumes became heavier and the average speed of travel increased. Moreover, work of this nature could he undertaken free from the delays and difficulties attending the commencement of larger construction works. Accordingly, during the period under review an exceptionally heavy programme of minor works has been undertaken by the Department's maintenance organisation and by Councils carrying out maintenance works. These works comprise reconditioning and widening of pavements and shoulders, straightening of alignment by the elimination of bends or the enlargement of their radii, sight-benching to increase visibility, and the superelevation of pavements on curves, as well as the improvement of grades by lowering sharp crests where visibility was restricted. The expenditure on such works of improvement was much heavier than in previous years, and the main features of the programme are touched upon in the following paragraphs.

MAINTENANCE BY COUNCILS. The greater extent to which the Department was able to assist Councils in the maintenance and improvement of their main roads during the year under review has been mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The assistance granted by the Department for secondary roads has, however, to be regulated to the amounts which Councils are able to provide as their half-share of the cost of works; on these roads, and in most cases these amounts were no greater during this year than in previous years, and in some cases less. Consequently it was not possible to effect any large measure of improvement on many of the secondary roads, although in some cases these still require considerable increased expenditure to bring them to a standard suitable for the volume of traffic carried. ID the majority of cases the work undertaken by Councils for the Department was satisfactorily performed, and appreciation of the interest shown by a number of the Councils' officers, not only in the improvement of technique and the adoption of modern processes, but also in the attainment of greater efficiency in operation, is recorded- Possibly due to some extent to a commendable endeavour to complete the enlarged programme of works within the prescribed period, however, several Councils carried out their work as regards costing, etc., in a manner which resulted in expenditure being incurred on particular items of the programme much in excess of the approved amounts. In some cases these over-expenditures could not be adjusted by the transfer of savings on other items, or even by the restriction of the programme. As all Councils are aware, the requirements that expenditure in excess of the approved grant shall not be incurred, or work other than that set out in the approved programme be undertaken, have been inserted in the conditions under which grants are made by the Department. Apart from the fact that any variation of the approved programme by the execution of unauthorised work is a formal breach of the agreement implied by the acceptance i of the grant, over-expenditure can only result in embarrassing the Department financially, particularly as the system in operation of budgeting leaves little margin for variation. While it is recognised that during the course of the year following the adoption of a programme of works conditions may arise in which expenditure in excess of the approved allocation for any particular item may be considered desirable, or may even be necessary to save the value of the asset in the road pavement, nevertheless, it is necessary for Councils to observe strictly the abovementioned requirement as to the avoidance of over-expenditure without prior authority. The Department does not desire to adopt an attitude which in certain circumstances may be considered harsh, but it nevertheless cannot continue to recognise over-expenditures. The primary requirement in this regard is that schedules of works and estimates of quantities of materials and cost of treatments should be carefully investigated before the 22

adoption of a programme. Any emergency which may arise during the course of the work, such as excep­ tional storm damage or the discovery (after opening up the existing pavement) that a greater quantity of new material will be needed to ensure satisfactory results, can usually be met by verbal reference to the Department's officers, followed by a formal application in writing for a variation of the programme or an extension of the grant. Another essential requirement is that costs be kept in such manner that the monthly certificates of expenditure can be forwarded regularly and within a reasonable time after the close of the period to which they refer. The Department's experience has been that the Councils which best observe this requirement are the Councils which seldom over-expend the approved allocations. The Department would recommend to any Council which has not a proper system of costing for its main road works that it take the necessary steps to instal one. The use of the drag-spreader for laying plant-mixed materials for the treatment of bituminous pavements has continued to increase among the Councils. In order to foster the adoption of the process, the Department (in fulfilment of the responsibility placed upon it by section 48 of the Main Roads Act) conducted a series of courses of practical instruction at which selected foremen and gangers employed by Councils were trained in the operation of the drag-spreader by working for one week under an experienced Departmental foreman on a road being reconditioned by the Department. Employees of the'following Councils attended :—Blacktown. Botany, Cabramatta, Canterbury, Castlereagh, Drummoyne, Enfield, Hornsby, Hurstville, Kogarah, Leichhardt, Newtown, North Sydney, Manly, Marrickville, Paddington, Randwick. Ryde, Redfern, Strathfield, Sutherland, Waverley, Warringah and Willoughby. The Department contributed towards the cost of operation and maintenance of three ferries, viz. :— Berowra Creek, Sackville Reach, and Wiseman's Ferry, operated respectively by the Councils of Hornsby, Baulkham Hills and Colo Shires. Berowra Creek Ferry being wholly within the County of Cumberland, the Department bears the entire cost of its operation and maintenance; Sackville Reach Ferry being a work on the boundary of the County of Cumberland, the Department bears three-quarters of the cost of operation and maintenance, one-quarter being charged to the Country Main Roads Fund and one-half to the County of Cumberland Main Roads Fund. In the case of Wiseman's Ferry, on which tolls were previously imposed, the Department contributed half the nett loss (i.e., excess expenditure over revenue), but as the result of representations by the Councils concerned, the Department agreed to the abolition of tolls as from 1st February, 1935, and thereafter to contribute three-quarters of the actual cost of operation and main­ tenance. Of this one-quarter is charged to the Country Fund and one-half to the County of Cumberland Fund. The expenditure from the County of Cumberiamd Fund on these ferries during the year was £ s. d. Berowra Creek Ferry 333 12 0 Sackville Reach Ferry ...... 196 9 7 AViseman's Ferry (payment to 31st December, 1934, only) 75 17 8 The following statement shows the expenditure by the various Councils on maintenance and improvement works :— Maintenance by Councils.

Grants Road Grants approved Payments Grants approved Council. Local Name of Road. but unpaid at approved during during year but unpaid at No. 30th June, 1934. year 1934-35. 1934-35. 30th June, 1935.

STATE HIGHWAYS. Prince's Highway. £ s. d. £ 9. d. £ S. d. £ s. d. 1,324 17 3 1,046 10 6 278 6 9 Newtown 1,507 5 11 6,978 19 10 6,806 4 0 1 680 1 9 1,507 5 11 8,303 17 1 7,852 14 6 1,958 8 6

Pacific Highway. Pacific Highway .. 110 0 0 257 12 7 319 1 2 48 11 5 Ku-ring-gai .. 779 0 2 779 0 2 North Sydney 10 15 '8 10 15 8 110 0 0 1,047 8 5 1,108 17 0 48 11 5

North-south Lin) Highway Pennant Hills road 190 0 0 190 0 0 Dundas , 637 0 0 637 0 0 Hornsby 215 0 0 1,356 3 5 1,521 3 5 50 0 0 215 0 0 2,l€3 3 5 2,348 3 5 50 0 0 Total, State Highways ... £ 1,832 5 11 11,534 3 11 11,309 14 11 2,056 19 11

MAIN ROADS. Alexandria .... 183 Gardener's-road 156 2 0 69 2 0 87 0 0 193 Henderson-road 100 0 0 100 0 0 Bankstown .... 167 Canterbury-road 140 0 0 140 0 0 190 Rookwood-road 30 0 0 1,410 16 1 1,440 16 1 157 Showground-road 600 0 0 600 0 0» Baulkham Hills 182 Sackville Perry 58 0 0 621 9 7 621 9 7 58 0 0 160 Dural and Glenorie roads 6.571 0 0 6,443 0 0 128 ' 0 0 157 Showground-road 292 0 0 292 0 0 Besley 168 Forest-road ; 1,649 3 9 , 1,350 0 0 299 3 9 Blue Mountains 184 Ricbmond-Bell-Mt. Victoria road .'. 1,880 12 10 1,816 18 1 63 14 9 Campbelltown . 179 Menangle-road 2,238 15 1 2,238 15 1 Canterbury .... 167 Canterbury-road 2,060 O 0 2,060 O 0 Castlereagh 155 Castlereagh-road 73 0 0 3,615 0 0 3,413 0 0 275 0 0 Colo 181 Wiseman's Ferry 75 17 8 75 17 8 184 Richmond-Bell-Mt. Victoria road ... 3,085 0 0 2,650 0 0 435 "6" 0 Concord 200 Concord-road 10 1,694 16 0 2.472 11 10 315 115 0 0 115 0 0 Dundas 139 High-street 500 0 0 500 0 0 158 Church-street 1,177 19 4 1,177 19 4 Eastwood .. 139 Blaxland-road .. 60 0 0 60 0 0 Erskineville 193 Erskineville'-road 206 1 1- 206 1 1 Homebush--. 318 Marlborough-road 60 0 0 60 0 0

* Grants cancelled and/or refunds. 23

Maintenance by Councils— continued.

Grants approved Grants' Payments Grants approved Council. Road • Local Name of Road. but unpaid at approved during during year but unpaid at No. 30th June, 1934. - year 1934-35. 1934-35. 30th June, 1935.

MAIS ROADS—continued. £ s. d. £ 8. d. £ s. d. Hornsby . 161 Galston-road • 1,030 0 0 1,236 3 0 2,216 3 0 332 Berowra-Galston-road 566 2 3 6,231 16 5 5,501 13 8 139 Blaxland-Bee croft roads 440 0 0 440 .0 0 156 Castle Hill road . 191 18 5 • 191 18 5 Huratville . 168 Forest-road '. 3,156 10 0 3,156 10 0 315 Belmore-road 3,183 0 0 3,183 0 o • Kogarah . 194 Ramsgate-avenue-Park-road 238 0 0 238 0 0 199 Rocky Point road 1,061 8 8 1,061 8 8 >> 315 Belmore-road 1,762 1,762 8 9 Ku-ring-gai 162 Pittwater-road 105 0 0 3,021 2,951 12 5 328 Babbage-road 672 672 8 2 Lidcombe .. 190 John, Church and East streets 686 14 0 686 14 0 Manly 159 .Sydney-road and Pittwater-road .. 255 0 3 255 0 3 164 Sydney-road and Condamine-strcet 1,537 1,307 0 2 Mascot 183 Gardener's-road 76 0 0 188 264 14 4 344 Park-road 761 761 0 0 Mosman 164 Military and Spit roads 1,327 1,215 0 0 Nepean 154 Penritli-Luddenham-Narellan road.. 2,048 19 11 2,380 3,853 14 1 155 Mulgoa-road 124 15 11 1,728 7 11 1,853 3 10 Newtown 167 Enmore-road 115 0 0 169 16 0 284 16 0 193 Erskineville-road 9 0 0 9 0 0 North Sydney 164 Miller and Falcon-streets, and 95 7 279 14 2 Military-road. 184 Paddington .. 172 Oxford-street 3 0 441 3 0 173 New South Head road 441 17 1 42 17 1 Penrith ... 155 Castlereagh-road f,088 0 0 1,088 0 0 Petersham 167 Stanmore and New Canterbury roads 112 0 0 112 0 0 Randwick 171 Anzac-parade 324 12 10 279 7 0 175 Little Bay road 45 6 10* 327 Allison-Belmorc and Coogee Bay roads 0 19 10 0 19 10 Redfern ... 170 Regent-street 192 0 0 192 0 0 Richmond 155 Castlereagh-road 61 51 0 1* Rockdale 168 Forest-road 487 487 0 0 169 Bay-street 240 240 0 0 194 The Grand parade 1,200 1,200 16 9 Ryde 139 Blaxland-road 233 6 11 195 5 11 102 Jjane Cove road and Lucknow-roads ... 1,739 15 6 1,410 15 6 165 Victoria-road 946 11 4 775 11 4 191 Ryde-Chatswood 3,051 8 11 2,482 8 11 200 Bowden-street 213 16 4 176 3 7 St. Peters . 183 Gardener's-road 18 19 1 Strathfleld . 315 The Boulevarde 770 17 3 762 9 7 318 Richmond-road 37 10 5 37 10 5 Sutherland 199 Taren Point road 163 4 1 163 4 1 227 Port Hacking road and Kingsway 252 16 0 8,220 11 11 8,473 7 11 Vaucluse . 173 New South Head road 614 18 8 314 18 8 339 Old South Head road 393 8 5 185 1 4 Warringah . 159 Pittwater-road 187 2 8 187 o 8 102 Pittwater-road 400 0 0 1,042 10 10 1,921 10 6 164 Pittwater-road-Condamine-street 557 4 0 1,192 18 6 1,650 2 5 174 Bayview-road 684 3 5 684 3 5 Waverley . 172 Oxford-street 366 297 8 10 340 Cowper-streetr-Leichhardt and Nelson 166 2 8 166 2 8 Bay road. WUIoughhy 191 Pullers-road 1,863 1 1,916 e, 10 328 Boundary-street 298 5 298 5 6 Wollondilly 177 Bulli-Appin road 270 0 0 6,502 0 5,653 0 0 179 Appin-Broughton Pass 315 0 0 1,891 0 1,805 11 4 Woollahra . 172 Oxford-street 39 12 39 12 6 173 New South Head road 210 0 0 577 11 787 11 9 Old South Head road 100 0 0 1,138 14 1,143 14 2 Total, Main Roads £' 7,858 • 7 3 93,620 4 4 95,014 9 0

SECONDARY ROADS. Alexandria 2008 Bourke-street-Lachlan-street 144 0 144 0 2011 Wyndham-street 15 0 15 0 Ashfleid ... 2013 Ramsay and Marion streets 168 17 168 17 2014 Frederlckand Milton streets 108 12 108 12 2018 Old Canterbury road 68 12 68 12 2027 Thomas-Street 38 0 2028 Carlton crescent 675 0 Baulkham Hills 2015 Glenorie-Maroota 150 0 Bexley 2014 Harrow-road and Lloyd and Vernon 84 4 150 0 streets. '166 9 Blacktown 2012 Richmond and Blacktown roads 739 11 7 Burwood 2027 Railway parade 50 0 0 739 11 Cabramatta and Canley 2020 Cabramatta and Orphan School road... 50 0 0 278 0 0 50 0 Vale. 328 0 Canterbury 2014 Klngsgrove road and Beamish street, 210 0 0 1,010 0 8 1,044 0 8 Brighton avenue and George'p River road. Castlereagh 2012 Windsor-Blacktownroad 60 0 60 0 0 Drummoyne 2006 Great North road and Lyons-road 39 0 11 620 0 659 0 11 2013 Ramsay-road 46 0 46 0 Eastwood ... 2024 Balaclava and Waterloo roads 260" 0 220 0 Enfield 2014 George's River road 25 0 25 0 Glebe 2002 Bridge-road 158 0 158 0 Hornsby ... 2016 Station and Jersey streets 72 2 72 2 Leichhardt 2007 Balmain-road 110 0 110 0 2013 Marion-street 24 8 24 8 Manly 2023 French's Forest road 297 10 11 297 10 11 t, 2025 Rosedale-ave.-Lauderdale-ave 162 5 2 162 5 2 Marrickville 2021 Enmore, Marrickville and Hlawarra 25 0 0 25 0 0 roads. Mascot 2008 Old Botany road 109 1 11 109 1 11 Nepean 2020 Orphan School road 121 5 11 121 5 11 North Sydney 2019 North Sydney-Cremorne Junction 150 0 0 622 2 7 672 2 7 Petersham 2018 Old Canterbury road 113 6 113 8 5 2028 Railway terrace-Crystal-street 45 0 0 45 0 0 Redfern ... 2011 Wells and Gibbon streets 72 0 0 72 0 Rockdale . 2014 Frederick and Watkins streets 100 0 0 100 0 0 St. Marys 2020 Orphan School road 154 13 3 150 7 10 2022 Liverpool-road 71 6 1 21 13 11* 49 12 2 Warringah 2023 French's Forest-road 181 7 8 181 7 8 Waterloo... 2008 Bourke-street-Lachlan-street — IB""O* o 15 3 0* 0 3 0* Windsor ... 2012 Blacktown-road 152 0 0 152 0 0 Total, Secondary Roads £ 617 12 0 6,914 7 9 6,608 14 4 Commission paid to various Councils vide Section 42 of Main Roads Act £ 1,282 3 2 1,282 3 2 Grand Total, All Roads £ 10,308 5 2 113,251 4 2 114,215 1 5t

* Grants cancelled and/or refunds, f As per Income and Expenditure A/o on page 9. 24

MAINTENANCE BY DEPARTMENT. As mentioned earlier in this Report, the year under review has been notable for the extensive programme of maintenance and improvement carried out. As an indication of the volume of work undertaken it may be mentioned that for several months over 1,000 workmen were employed by the Depart­ ment within the County of Cumberland section of the Metropolitan Division on maintenance and improvement works, and on similar works within the Country section of the Division. The completion of this programme within the desired period not only imposed a heavy burden on the supervising staff, but also taxed to the utmost capacity the roadmaking plant available to the Department, as well as its plant-repair organisation in maintaining the machines in a condition of mechanical efficiency with the least interruption in their use. Moreover, the large volume of work in hand during the portion of the year best suited to many of the processes such as surfacing and reconditioning with tar and bitumen, resulted in a heavy demand for materials such as crushed stone. Very considerable difficulty was experienced in obtaining the required supplies at a rate sufficiently fast to enable maximum efficiency to be obtained in the operation of the various items of plant and the accompanying gangs of workmen. Actually, for a consider­ able portion of the most favourable season the Department's operations were seriously hampered by inability to obtain metal supplies at the desired rate. The need to arrange for supplies in such manner as to prevent a recurrence has been a matter for serious consideration.

The total expenditure on the 337J miles of the various classes of road maintained directly by the Department divided into General Maintenance and Improvement was as follows :— e

General Improvements. Total. Maintenance.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 49,111 14 1 68,418 15 8 117,530 9 9 40,348 12 10 56,347 9 3 96,696 2 1 510 12 7 510 12 7 6,927 9 11 1,678 16 9 8,606 6 8 Ferries on State Highways and Main Roads 11,389 15 10 11,389 15 10 •Restoration of Road Openings 1,414 5 10 Miscellaneous (Sign-posting, Traffic Census, etc.) 876 10 0

Totals £ 108,288 5 3 126,445 1 8 237,024 2 9

* Recovered irom persons responsible and credited to Income and Expenditure Account.

The general nature of the work of improvement carried out has been referred to in preceding paragraphs. The most important of these works, arranged according to the Districts into which the Metropolitan Division is subdivided, were.:—

District. No, and Name of State Highway or Main Road. Description of Work.

S.H. 1—Prince's Highway Improvement of bends and widening of formation between George's River and Waterfall. Do do Widening at Samways Corner on Bulli Pass. M.R, 185—Main South Coast Road Improvement of bends, widening of formation and minor deviations. S.H. 2—Hume Highway Widening of earth shoulders between Liverpool and Camden. Reconditioning of pavement with bituminous macadam between Do do Carne's Hill and Water Race. Superelevation of pavement at curves and widening of earth 177/8—Cross Roads-Campbelltown Road shoulders. Deviations to eliminate sharp bends and to connect existing road M.R. 328—Roseville-Dee Why Road .... at Beacon Hill to M.R. 164-Pittwater Road, at junction with Harbord Road. Do do do Improvement of curves and widening of formation on hill north of Roseville Bridge. 3a M.R. 171—Bunnerong Road \ Widening of existing pavement with minor regrading and sheeting M.R. 171—Little Bay Road / with drag-spread bituminous macadam. M.R. 165—Glebe Island Bridge Completion of underpinning of abutments and reconstruction of pavement. 4 S.H. 5—Great Western Highway Widening of earth shoulders between Parramatta and Penrith. Reconditioning of pavement with drag-spread bituminous macadam, M.R. 184—Windsor Road Baulkham Hills Shire. 5 EUmination or radius-enlargement of bends between Linden and S.H. 5—Great Western Highway Blackheath. Widening and minor regrading of existing pavement by construction Do do of concrete edge-strips and re-sheeting with drag-spread bitu­ minous macadam between Wentworth Falls and Leura, and between Medlow Bath and Mt. Victoria. Do do Regrading of crests between Lawson and Medlow Bath.

The methods employed in the maintenance and improvement of bituminous roads varied from heavy resheeting in several layers (with a maximum thickness at edges of more than 6 inches where necessary for the reshaping, minor regrading, or strengthening of the pavement) to thin courses of sheet asphalt laid in order to improve the riding qualities of distorted or worn surfaces or for the purpose of waterprgqfing 25 the pavement.. The areas of such work carried out during the year and the quantities of materials laid, together with the areas of road surfaced or resurfaced with tar, bitumen or bituminous compound, were as follow:—

Approximate Quantity of Material used. Area Tota covered. Cost. Binder. Crushed Rock Gravel or Slag.

sq. yds. gallons tons £ Reconditioning with, bituminous macadam or sheet asphalt (drag-spread)— 457,321 \ 560,000 55,800 72,704 (6) Involving widening, etc., of formation and pavement 58,588 J (Totals for (a) and (6) 33,544 Surfacing (or resurfacing) with tar, bitumen or bituminous compound— (a) Single-coat work not involving extensive repairs to 305,500 120,500 , 4,000 6,026 (b) Combined with patching and strengthening base, in- V Total for (a) 247,770 J and (b)) 3,500 8,103

Practically the whole of the material used in the work of reconditioning and resheeting was laid by means of the drag-spreader. The benefits of the process in the form of greater safety and comfort, due to the improved riding qualities of the treated pavements, have become increasingly apparent. Within the Metropolitan Division, since the inception of the process in 1931 up to the end' of the year under review, a total area of over 1,700,000 square yards of pavement (equivalent to 147 miles of road 20 feet wide) have been treated with plant-mixed bituminous materials laid by means of the drag-spreader. The only major work carried out on metropolitan bridges was in connection with the abutments of Glebe Island Bridge. Constructed in 1901, this bridge was founded on timber piles which projected about 16 feet above H.W.S.T., and in which serious deterioration had taken place during the period of 33 years through the separate actions of dry-rot and termites. Continuous movements of the abutments had occurred over a period of years which, in addition to causing displacement of the stone monuments at each corner of the structure, had necessitated adjustment of the bearings, etc., from time to time. During the year 1934-35 the Department, after removing the monuments, carried out the complete underpinning of the abutments by replacing all affected portions of the piles with concrete sills, the abutments being partially supported during the process on falsework. After completion of the underpinning, the expansion bearings were re-set and the abutment faces adjusted for clearance. Three ferry services, viz., Hawkesbury River (Peat's Ferry), Parramatta River (Ryde), and George's River (Taren Point) are operated directly by the Department. The expenditure on these services during the year was as follows :— - ~t Hawkesbury River Ryde. Taren Point. (Peat's Ferry).

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 10,231 9 5 2,704 19 4 2,736 16 7 1,120 10 3 189 9 5 367 10 0 29 2 6 32 1 4

11,719 9 8 2,734 1 10 2,958 7 4 Less'—Nett return for rental of residential quarters 324 16 0

11,394 13 8* 2,734 1 10 2,958 7 4

* This total represents cash expenditure during the financial year, and excludes any provision for replacement of assets, the estimated amount reqidred for this purpose for the year under review being £4,282.

The following statement shows the amount of traffic which used the ferries during the twelve months ended 30th June, 1935, together with the revenue collected and the costs of operation. The latter does not include interest or sinking fund.

Hawkesbury River. Ryde. Taren Point.

Numbers Average Numbers Average Numbers Average and per and per and - per Amounts. Day. Amounts. Day. Amounts. Day.

Motor Gars, including motor cycles with side caT...:?? 194,841 -. * 534 v 223,499 612 61,659 169 - 30,093* 82 . 54,630 149 28,009 76 - 454,315f •. 1,245 283 129,273 354 19,017 695J 318 52 103,343 Average cost of operation per week sinoe inception (inoluding collection of tolls, but excluding 234 59 § 33 • These figures are estimated, being based on revemie proportion of previous year's traffic. 54§ t The number of foot passengers on the Hawkesbury Perry is included in the figures of 454,315 and 1,245. % Tolls collected on Saturdays, Sundays and Public Holidays only. § Average costs since taken over by Department (1st July, 1930), 26

The following statements show the expenditure by the Department during the year on works of maintenance and improvement:— Maintenance by Department,

On special maintenance (including surfacing, reconditioning, On gereral gravelling and minor Name and Section, road improventent works, maintenance. storm damage and upkeep of ferries and major bridges).

s. d. STATE HIGHWAYS. State Highway No. 1—Prince's Highway— Between Cleveland-street and Barwon Park road 23 10 6 Between Botany Railway and Cook's RWer Bridge 101 10 8 Cook's River Bridge 38 18 0 Cook's River Bridge to South-street, and South-street to M.R. 199 on eastern side 618 16 9 2,636 18 6 Arncliffe Hill 21 12 3 South-Btreet to M.R. 199 (western side), and from M.R. 199 to George's River 718 10 5 771 10 George's River Bridge to Loftus Railway Overbridge /. 828 0 8 4,682 3 Loftus Railway Overbridge to Waterfall 540 6 0 687 9 Waterfall Railway Station to Helensburgh turn-off 320 5 9 505 1 Helensburgh turn-off to top of Bull! Pass (42 m.) 472 19 10 59 13 Top of BuBl Pass (42 m.) to Woodlands Creek 588 2 5 3,421 14 Tree planting 15 19 £ 4,233 14 3 12,819 8 1 State Highway No. 2—Hume Highway— Parramatta-road to Dlckenson-avenue (excluding intermediate tram section) 124 19 8 30 5 4 Hercules-street to Milton-street (intermediate tram section) 288 19 8 Dlckenson-avenue to Burwood-road (cement concrete) 58 9 2 Burwood-road to Broadway 186 12 412 14 10 Broadway to Woodvllle-road -. 2,179 3 2,192 13 2

Woodville-road to Cross Roads : 1,496 17 607 6 10

Cross Roads to Carne's Hill w 207 10 684 5 9 Game's Hill to Water Race 61 17 1,304 14 3 Water Race to Narellan 389 7 2,563 12 7 Narellan to Camden Bridge 321 3 4,822 14 3 Camden Bridge 126 16 8 5,314 19 10 12,805 3 8 State Highway No. 5—Great Western Highway— City-road to Taverner's Kill 1,353 1 Taverner's Hill to Roger's avenue 452 13 Roger's-avenue to Powell's Creek (bituminous length only) 1,633 1 47S 4 3 Roger's-avenue to Powell's Creek (concrete only) 66 1 Powell's Creek to Duck River (bituminous lengths only) • 210 2 "ili'lH' 2 Powell's Creek to Duck River (concrete section) 221 13 65 10 2 Duck River to Granville Subway (bituminous macadam section) 180 5 6 13 6 Granville Subway to Great Western road turnoff 236 11 3 13 8 Great Western road turn-off to Victoria Bridge, Penrith (excluding concrete section in Penrith) 3,430 16 9 14,227 18 9 Concrete section in Penrith 86 6 0 Victoria Bridge, Penrith 1,765 1 6 Victoria Bridge, Penrith, to Hawkesbury Lookout-road, Springwood 643 11 11 1,645 0 7 Hawkesbury Lookout-road, Springwood, to Victoria Pass, omitting reconstructed length in Blackheath 5,023 12 2 47,471 2 4 Reconstructed section in Blackheath 88 2 5 Tree planting—Penrith to Victoria Pass "633 "7" 3 13,625 1 7 10 66,709 8 2 State Highway No. 10—Pacific Highway— Bradfleld Highway to Longueville-road 194 5 7 47 11 8 LongueviUe-road to Boundary-street 50 18 4 Boundary-street to Pearce's Corner .... Maintenance by Kuring-gai Council. Pearce's Corner to Hookham's Corner Maintenance by Hornsby Council. Hookham's Corner to Kangaroo Point 428 12 6 315 8 11 Peat's Ferry •5,697 6 10 673 16 5 6,0G0 7 5 Highway No. 13—North-South Link Highway— Liverpool-road (S.H. 2) to Parramatta-road (S.H. 5) 1,322 3 5 1,000 1 3 Great Western Highway turnoff to Windsor-road turnoff 248 9 7 185 6 10 Windsor-road to Baulkham Hills Boundary 159 16 0 1,730 1,185 8 1 Total, State Highways £25,678 17 4 £99,579 16 5

MAIN ROADS. Main Road No. 154— Main Road No. 184 to S.H. No. 5 486 12 10 872 10 9 S.H. 6 to 3 m. 75 ch. south 60 10 7 724 13 1 3 m, 75 ch. to 5 m. 20 ch. south 34 1 11 1,620 10 6 Main Road No. 155— Penrlth-MuIgoa-road from S.H. 5 to Nepean Shire Boundary . 164 6 2 247 6 3 Castlereagh Boundary to M.R. 184 15 8 0 2,046 19 11 Main Road No. 162— De Burgh's Bridge 46 2 10 Main Road No. 164— Waterloo-street (Narrabeen) to M.R. 174 (Mona Vale). 310 0 8 M.R. 174 to Avalon-parade (Avalon) 448 0 0 513 10 Avalon-parade to Palm Beach 467 0 8 Spit Bridge 1,663("".5" Main Road No. 165— Glebe Island Bridge to Iron Cove Bridge 193 1 6 1,777 12 Glebe Island Bridge 3,234 19 iron Cove Bridge •205 16 Iron Cove Bridge to Gladesville Bridge "'g'f'TiO Gladesville Bridge 858 1 0 Gladesville Bridge to Pittwater-road "ill" 16" 5 Pittwater-road to Marsden-road Maintained by Ryde Council. Marsden-road to Morton-street 735 13 11 17 16 5 Morton-street to Church-street , 157 4 3 3 0 0

• One half operating costs—Remainder charged to Country Main Roads Fund. .Mainferuwzce fcy DeyartwienJ— continued.

On special maintenance (including surfacing, reconditioning, On general gravelling and minor Name and Section. road improvement works, maintenance. storm damage and upkeep of ferries and major bridges.)

MAIN RoADS. £ s. d. Main Road No. 166— Victoria-road to Mary-street and Manning-road 129 8 1 88 2 6 Mary-street to Fig Tree Bridge 39 6 4 242 19 7 Pig Tree Bridge 120 15 2 Pig Tree Bridge to Longueville-road 201 16 5 170 4 11 LongueviUe-road to S.H. 10 51 18 3 Tree planting "44'Vll Main Road No. 167— Hurlstone Park to Canterbury Railway Station 23 5 11 Sharp-street to Beamish-street 372 1 10 Main Road No. 170— Boundary-street to Wilson-street 466 15 4 1,758 13 9 Wilson-street to Tram Terminus 89 2 5 33 13 8 (credit). Main Road No. 171— City Boundary to Addlson-road 132 17 3 2 16 10 Addlson-road to Barker-street ,..83 10 1 2,411 18 4 Barker-street to Gardener's-road 74 10 2 341 6 1 Gardener's-road to Maroubra Bay road. Under reconstruction by Department. Maroubra Bay road to Beauchamp-road (east side only) , 16 10 8 Beauchamp-road to La Perouse '. 12,078 2 0 Main Road No. 172— Paddlngton Boundary to Bondi Junction 322 4 4 Main Road No. 175— Little Bay-road—from Bunnerong-road to Coast Hospital 775 10 0 Main Road No. 177-178— Cross Roads to Narellan via Campbelltown 1,474 18 6,733 0 1 Campbelltown to Appin 525 12 5,693 17 9 Bulli Shire Boundary to S.H. 1 at Bulli Pass 855 17 953 8 9 Main Road No. 181— M.R. 184 to Cattai Creek 254 1 41 18 11 Cattal Creek to end of tar section 103 0 21 16 2 End of tar section to Wiseman's Perry 566 18 2,719 1 9 Main Road No. 182— Windsor Bridge Main Road No. 183— Botany-road to Rosebery Racecourse 49 7 Rosebery Racecourse to Bunnerong-road 110 6 Shea's Creek Bridge 8 8 0 Main Road No. 184— Barney-street to Woollen Mills 196 2 1,368 4 9 Woollen Mills to McGrath's Hill 2,211 19 13,364 16 2 McGrath's Hill to Rickaby Creek Bridge 273 16 101 5 1 South Creek Bridge, Windsor 21 8 3 Rickaby Creek to Church Hill 572 17 1,015 6 6 Church Hill to Richmond Bridge 129 12 60 12 6 Richmond Bridge 19 16 7 Main Road No. 185— S.H. 1 at Helensburgh to Stanwell Park 615 2 2,053 13 2 Stanwell Park to S.H. 1 at Bulli Pass 2,671 13 12,15G 18 7 Main Road No. 193— Garden-street to Henderson-road 218 12 Main Road No. 194— Botany-road to Cook's River 110 6 Cook's River Bridge 482 11 3 Main Road No. 199— S.H. 1 to Ramsgate-avenue ' Maintained by Kogarah Council. Ramsgate-avenue to George's River Taren Point Ferry , 2,958 7 4 Main Road No. 200— Ryde Ferry 2,734 1 10 Main Road No. 309— Berry and Ashton streets 306 11 1 Main Road No. 316— S.H. 2 to Cook's River. 464 16 7 746 16 5 Cook's River to Broadarrow-road 505 4 7 Main Road No. 317— 2,192 1 10 Bunnerong-road to Maroubra Bay Main Road No. 327— 110 9 0 M.R. 171 to Arden-street, Coogee Main Road No. 328— 9 13 9 Roseville Bridge to Beacon Hill 1,606 9 11 Main Road No. 330— 1,043 17 7 City-road to Regent-street 15 5 11 Regent-street to Dowling-street 328 18 11 779 18 10 Main Road No. 339— From M.R. 172 (Oxford-street) to M.R. 173 at Robertson-place. 247 18 2 Total, Main Roads £ 20,614 17 0 88,449 4 7

SECONDARY ROADS. Secondary Road No. 2020— Construction 5' x 2' box culvert 116 19 0 Secondary Road No. 2005— Henderson-road to S.H, 1 319 4 6 Secondary Road No. 2008— Botany-road to Short-street 34 9 1 Secondary Road No. 2013— 40 0 0 Repairs Bridge over Long Cove Canal Total, Secondary Roads.. £ 156 19 0 MISCELLANEOUS. Signposting 141 4 10 Traffic census 46 4 11 Restoration of road openings 1,414 6 10 Survey of Main Roads with road rater, etc. 231 16 1 Supply of trees to Councils for planting ... 109 6 2 Bulfaburra—Establishment of Depot 348 18 0 2,290 15 10 Total, as per Income and Expenditure Account on page 9. £237,024 2 9 28

PROCLAMATION OF NEW MAIN ROADS. During the year the following Main Roads were proclaimed in the County of Cumberland:—

Municipality or Shire. Road. Mileage. Remarks.

• m. ch. No. 164—From the intersection of Avalon-parade and Barrenjoey- An extension of M.R. No. 164. Proclaimed road, via Barren] oey-road and Beach-road to its junction with in Government Gazette of 3rd August, 1934. Ocean-road, Palm Beach. 3 68 No. 164—From the intersection of Spit Junction and Military-road, An extension of M.R. No. 164. Proclaimed via Military-road and Bradley's Head road to Taronga Zoological in Government Gazette of 28th September, Park entrance. 1 33 1934. No. 170—From the intersection of Beauchamp-road and Botany-road An extension of M.R. No. 170. Proclaimed to Bunnerong-road (Main Road No. 171). in Government Gazette of 11th January, 0 64 1935. Ryde No. 200—Devlin-street from its junction with the Great Northern Originally Sec. Rd. No. 2017. Proclaimed road (Main Road No. 139) to Parramatta-road (Main Road No. in Government Gazette of 29th March, 1935. 165). 0 18

There were no Main Roads deproclaimed during the year. The length of Main Roads has thus been increased on account of the new lengths proclaimed, by 6 miles 23 chains, the total mileage at 30th June, 1935, being therefore 634 miles 22 chains. (State Highways 192 miles 70 chains and Main Roads 441 miles 32 chains.)

DECLARATION OF SECONDARY ROADS. The following Secondary Roads were declared during the year:—

Municipality or Shire. Road. Mileage. Remarks.

m. ch. Burwood and No. 2027—From the intersection of The Boulevarde (M.R. No. 315) Declared in Government Gazette of 3rd Ashfield. and Morwick-street, thence via Morwick-street, Railway-parade, August, 1934. Paisley-road, The Strand, Dickenson-avenue and Thomas-street to Hume Highway (S.H. No. 2). 1 78 Ashfield and No. 2028—From the intersection of Hume Highway (S.H. No. 2) and Declared in Government Gazette of 3rd Petersham. Carlton-crescent, thence via Carlton-crescent, Longport-street, August, 1934. Railway-terrace and Crystal-street to Great Western Highway (S.H. No.-5). 2 0 Wllloughby and No. 2029—From Crow's Nest at the junction of Pacific Highway Declared in Government Gazette of 10th May North Sydney. (S.H. No. 10) and Falcon-street (M.R. No. 164) via Willoughby- 1935. road, Mowbray-road and Penshurst-street to Boundary-street (M.R. No. 328). 3 15

The following Secondary Road was removed from the list during the year ending 30th June, 1935 :—

Municipality or Shire. Road, Mileage. Remarks.

m. ch. Ryde No. 2017—Devlin-street from Great Northern road (M.R. No. 139) 0 18 This is now part of M.R. No. 200. to Parramatta-road (M.R. No. 165).

The length of Secondary Roads has thus been increased by 6 miles 75 chains, the length at 30th June, 1935, being 99 miles 79 chains.

DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS. There were no Developmental Roads proclaimed or deproclaimed during the year, the total mileage remaining at 13 miles 62 chains. 29

PART III.—COUNTRY MAIN ROADS FUND.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE.

The Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet of the Country Main Roads Fund are set out hereunder. The operations of the fund for the year may be summarised in the following manner :— £ Cash on hand at commencement of year 1-7-34 ...... 180,798 Add Income for the year 1,742,818

1,923,616 Add Nett fluctuation in assets and liabilities 30-6-34 as compared with 30-6-35... 28,776

1,952,392

Deduct Expenditure for the year 1,951,517

Cash on hand at end of year 30-6-35 ., £875

When the year closed the Department's balances of commitments for works in progress were £558,856 for Construction and £194,374 for Maintenance, or a total of £753,230.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED 30TH JUNE, 1935.

A—Maintenance and Miscellaneous.

EXPENDITURE. INCOME. 30th June, 1935— £ s. d s. d. 30th June, 1936— s. d. To Maintenance of Main Roads and Bridges— By Share of Motor Taxes in accordance with (a) Maintenance Grants to Councils •617,080 9 8 Sections 10 (1) and 20 (l)of the Main (b) Maintenance by Department f354,834 6 ! Roads Act, 1924-31 1,004,362 14 11 (c) Maintenance hy Public Works Depart­ „ Transfer from Road Transport and Traffic ment 1,300 0 0 Fund 136,132 5 973,214 10 i' „ Transfer from Public Vehicles Fund 1,489 6 S Repayment of Principal and Interest of Loans „ Income under Federal Aid Roads (Further Section 21 of the Main Roads Act, 1924-31 Agreement) Act, 1931 521,922 9 1 Including Exchange on Remittances of In­ Lest Payments to National Debt Sinking terest to London 1149,788 19 2 Fund 22,072 2 11 Payments to Public Works Department, Sec­ 499,850 6 2 tion 21 (4a), Main Roads Act, 1924-31 54,675 12 9 Councils* Contributions towards Maintenance Miscellaneous Expenditure 1,615 18 3 of Main Roads 255 4 8 Administrative Expenses— Miscellaneous Income—• (a) Salaries 32,556 14 6 (a) Interest 6,380 5 11 (6) Travelling Expenses, Rent, Printing, (&) Toll Charges on Ferries 11,472 10 3 General Expenses, etc 18,066 16 3 (c) Other 626 4 6 50,623, 10 9 18,479 0 8 1,660,568 17 3 Lees Transfer to Developmental Roads Fund, vide section 21 of the Main Balance carried forward to " B 295,700 0 0 Roads Act, 1924-31 135,000 0 0 £1,525,568 17 3 1,526,508 17 S

For details, see Statement, pages 32 to 37. t Por details, see Statement, pages 38 to 40. $ For details, see Statement, page

B.—Construction.

EXPENDITURE . INCOME. 30th June, 1935— s. d. 30th June, 1935— £ s. d. To Construction and Reconstruction of Main Roads and By Balance brought forward from " A " 295,700 0 0 Bridges— „ Grants from Stat* Unemployment Relief Council— (a) From Revenue (State Funds) 626,123 0 10 (o) From Loans for the Department's Work3 178,491 6 10 (6) From State Unemployment Relief Council Grants— (&) From Loans for Advances to Councils 19,134 2 5 Loans 178,491 6 10 „ Contributions by Commonwealth Government to Yass- (c) From Commonwealth Government Contributions to Gauberraroad 8,799 11 Yass-Canberra road 8,799 11 2 „ Councils' Contributions towards Resumptions and Con­ (d) From Councils* Contributions 7,946 1 8 struction of Main Roads 10,636 4 0 («) From Contributions by other Departments and ., Contributions by other Departments and Bodies towards Bodies 150 11 6 Construction of Main Roads 150 II (/) From Miscellaneous Income 137 5 8 „ Miscellaneous Income 137 5 „ Balance being excess of Expenditure over Income for the year 208,698 16 1 •721,647 17 8 £ 721,647 17 8

• For details, see Statement, pages 46 to 52. S6

BALANCE SHEET AT 30TH JUNE, 1935.

Mobilities, Assets. £ s. d. £ s. d. Sundry Creditors— Cash at Treasury Supply of Stores and Materials 15,837 0 3 Stock on hand Advance by State Treasury on account of Roadmaking Plant and other Assets Unemployment Relief Grants 7,507 12 9 Less Depreciation 347,402 6 Miscellaneous 26,774 13 1 240,870 14 60,119 6 1 Insurance and General Reserve 15,000 0 0 Sundry Debtors— , Plant Operating Account 27,154 9 2 Loans to Councils for roadwork 94,954 14 Income and Expenditure Account— Commonwealth Government under Federal Balance at 30th June, 1934 384,702 16 7 Aid (Further Agreement) Act, 1931 ... 42,451 0 10 Less Deficiency for year ending 30th Commonwealth Government, Yass-Can- June, 1935 208,698 16 1 berra road 8,799 11 176,004 0 6 State Treasury—Interest, Exchange, etc., Sec. 21 (3a), Main Roads Act 403 13 Miscellaneous 598 6

£ 268,277 15 9 £ 268,277 15

NOTE.—.In addition to the liabilities stated above, repayment has to be made over varying terms of years on loans changeable to the Country Main Roads Fund, as provided in Section 21 of the Main Roads Act, 1924-31. The principal amount of such loans outstanding on 30th June, 1936, was £2,330,040 4a. 7d. A. E. WARBURTON, Accountant.

LOAN LIABILITIES.

The total loan liability of the Fund on 30th June, 1935, was £2,330,040 4s. 7d. The details of the loans raised and balances outstanding on 30th June, 1935, are set out in the following table :—

Sinking Fund Payments by Department of Main Contribution by Roads during 1934-35. Amount of Amount repaid Commonwealth Balance of Liability by Department Government Principal Particulars. ( undertaken by of Main Roads on Department of to 30th June, under Financial Main Roads. Agreoment and Interest. 30th June, 1935. 1934. Federal Aid Principal. Agreement.

£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Section 21 (3)— Unemployment Relief Loans 118,750 0 0 2,027 13 8 684 2 7 5,244 17 7 116,038 3 9 370,000 0 0 54,724 4 4 14,524 2 4 14,025 16 6 300,751 13 4 £ 488,750 0 0 56,751 18 0 15,208 4 11 19,270 14 1 416,789 17 1 Section 21 (3a)— Unemployment Relief Loans 164,250 0 0\ Ordinary Loans 1,918,690 16 11/ 11,189 17 0 145,709 5 11 12,791 6 6 75,702 14 1 1,913,250 7 6 £ 2,571,690 16 11 67,941 16 0- 145,709 5 11 27,999 11 5' 94,973 8 2* 2,330,040 4 7

* In addition to these sums amounts of £13,968 6s. Id. Exchange, and £12,797 13s. 6d. Repayment by Councils of Loans advanced by the Department and Interest were paid to the Treasury during the year, making a total expenditure of £149,738 19s. 2d., vide Income and Expenditure Account on page 29.

COUNCILS' CONTRIBUTIONS TO MAIN ROADS.

The contributions made by country councils to main road works during each of the past ten yeats are set out in the table which follows :—

Contributions by Councils to : Year. Total. Maintenance. Construction.

£ £ £ 1925/26 201,306 43,450 244,756 1926/27 213,537 92,273 305,810 1927/28 366,276 116,633 482,909 192S/29 220,864 119,199 340,063 1929/30 269,974 99,558 369,532 1930/31 128,742 33,800 162,542 1931/32 260,956 37,265 298,221 1932/33 215,906 69,306 285,212 1933/34 225,906 49,948 275,854 1934/35 261,754 47,950 309,704 2,365,221 709,382 3,074,003

NOTE.—This table includes a sum of £20,211 expended by Councils on Federal Aid Road_Construction.Works.

The aggregate contribution for the year 1934-35 amounted to £309,704, and the increase over the previous year is in keeping with the increase in expenditure from the Department's funds on Main and Trunk Roads. The figure for 1934-35 approximates the average of £307,460 contributed during the past ten years, but it is to be remembered that reduced costs during the later years have resulted in greater quantities of work being carried out with the expenditure of an equal amount of money. The amount spent by country councils for work on Main Roads during 1934-35 was equal to an average rate of 0-46 of a penny in the £ on the Unimproved Capital Value of lands in their areas. •4 31

• •• - PROCLAMATION OF NEW MAIN ROADS. • : , *"' During the year the following new main roads and, extensions of existing main roads iht;the country were proclaimed :— ' Date of Shire or Municipality. Proclama­ Road Description of Road; Mileage. Remarks, tion. No. m. ch. Imlay and Bibbenluke Shires 13/7/34 275 Prom Candelo to Cathcart. 24 00 Extension of M.T£. "No. 275 from Candelo to the Bombala- Pambula road (M.R. No. 274), near Cathcart. Namoi, Liverpool Plains and 10/8/34 357 Prom Boggabri to Manilla New Main Road giving connection between the Tamworth- Mandowa Shires and Warialda road (M.R. No. 63) at Manilla and the Gunne- Manilla Municipality. dah-Narrabri road (M.R. No. 72) at Boggabri. The sections • within ' Namoi and Mandowa Shires were ' previously D;R. No. 1,095 and D.R. No. 1,003. Merriwa and Warrah 5/10/34 358 Prom Merriwa to Willow Tree via Coulson's 48 64 New main.- road giving connection between Main Road Shires. Creek. . No. 62 at-J^eniwa, and the New England Highway at "WillowTre'e. Boree and Waugoola Shires 14/12/34 310 Prom Cudal to Cowra, via Canowindra .. 37- 76 Ne.w•rnaih-road'-beWeen M.R. No. 61 at Cudal and the and Cowra Municipality. Mid-Western Highway at Cowra, via Canowindra. Molong Municipality, 14/12/34 359 From Molong to the Forbes-Orange road, 2 18 44 New main road giving connection between the Forbes- Amaroo and Boree Shires. miles east of BoTee. Orange road (M.R. No. 61) and the North-Western Highway at Molong. Murrumbidgee and Jerllderie Prom the Sturt Highway at Waddi to the Extension of Main Road No. 321 giving main road con­ Shires. 28/12/34 Jerilderie-Narrandera-road (M.R. No. 229) nection between Waddi and Jerilderie. The proclama­ 10 miles north of Jerilderie. tion of this section gives main road connection from Jerilderie via Griffith" to the Mid-Western Highway

near Ranking Springs. 4 . ' -\ Carrathool-Shire' 254 From Goolgowi'to Tabbita1 •11' -60 Alteration of route, and extension of M.Rr No. 254. This 23/12/34- • extension, together with < the -alteration of the/number of the road between .Gbolgoiri.and BourkVfrom 267 to ' 254, now-gives & through.mainTroad from the Sturt Highway at Narrandera to Bourkevia Leeton, Griffith, rGoolgowi, Hillston and Cobar.-- Jj-X Ashford Shire ' 8/2/35 138 From Texas to Yetman , 24 00 Extension of Main R6adt.No. 138 from .Texas to junction with the Warialda- GoondiwindTrbaM (M.R. No. 63) at • Yetman. " ,- Wingadee :and Walgett 8/2/35 202 From Quamboneto Carinda ..... 35 . 46 Extension of Main Road No. 202" from Quambone to Shires. r , • Carinda. - The-section of road between.Quambone and Coonamble previously M.R. No. 202 is now-an extension • f of M.R. No. 129. • — - Ol Gwydir Shire and Bingara 8/3/35. 133 19 64 Extension of Main Road No. 133 from Caroda,Junction Municipality. From Caroda Junction to Bingara to the Warialda-Tamworth' road (M.lt. 'No.* 63) at i ;.j . ; Bingara. The section of road between Caroda Junction and Cobbadah previously M-.R. No. 133 is fnow M.R. No. 360. ' .•"=-..•' • • -• --y Kyogle and Tenterfield 3/5/35 361 From the Tenterfield-Casino road (M.R. No. New main road between Sandilands and Woodenbong, Shires. —• ' ! ' - 64) near Sandilands to the New-England formerly. part of Dev. Road No. -1,050. Gives main Highway at Woodenbong via1 Bonalbo road connection from the Tenterfield-Casino road and Urbenville. .(M.R. No. 64) near Tabulam-to the Queensland "border near Mt. Lindesay. Tenterfield Shire 3/5/35 362 From the New England Highway near New main road between Koreelah Creek and Urbenville, Koreelah Creek to Urbenville. 17 58 formerly Dev. Road No. 1,055. Berrigan Shire 31/5/35 363 From Barooga to Berrigan 18 40 New main road between Barooga and Berrigan, formerly Dev. Road No. 1,010. Merewether Municipality ... 28/6/35 364 From the intersection of Maequarie-street M.R. No. 188) and Lingard-street via 0 67 New main road to Merewether Beach;- Lingard-street, Barr-street and Frederick- street to Ridge-street, Merewether. . . . : Total

In addition the main road from the Hume Highway near Yass to Canberra was proclaimed State Highway No. 15, and the road from Walcha to Inverell via Uralla and Bundarra proclaimed Trunk Road No. 73. This road was formerly main road No. 115, and part of main road No. 124 and the road from Yass to Canberra was formerly part of Trunk Road No. 56. 1 ; y$V' During the year the following roads were removed from the list of proclaimed, main roaoVs.' Date of Road Shire or Municipality. Proclama­ Description. Mileage. Remarks. tion. No. .m. ch. Imlay Shire ... 13/7/34 277 From Wolumla to Candelo . 9 00 The road from Prince's Highway to Main Road No. 275 at Candelo extended to .Cathcart via ^antawanglo Moun­ tain in lieu thereof. ' Waugoola Shire 14/12/34 310 From Canowndra • to the Mid-Western Alteration of route of road from- Canowindra to Woodstock Highway at'Woodstock. 16 00 to Canowindra toCowra. • ''• Inverell Municipality an 28/12/34 114 From Inverell to the Bimdarra-Inverell Deproclaination following the .proclamation of the road Bannockburn Shire. road 3 miles south of GilgaL 9 20 from Inverell to Walcha via BuiCdarfil'as a Trunk Road. Gostwyck Shire, Uralla 28/12/34 115 From-Bundarra to TJralla Deproclaination-following the'proclamation of the road Municipality. 61 60 from Inverell to-Walcha via-Bundarra as a Trunk Road. Carrathool Shire an •28/12/34 254 From Tabbita to;Hiilston ; : Deproclamation following the' proclamation of the road Hillston Municipality. 25 00 from Tabbita to Goolgowi as a main road. The road from Goolgowi to Bourke via Hillston and Cobar was proclaimed M.R. No. 254, formerly befog No. 257. ' - . Total

LENGTH OF COUNTRY MAIN-ROADS, - The result of the additions and deductions mentioned in the previous paragraph is that the total length of all main roads has been increased by 281 miles 66'chains. With the inclusion of this additional mileage and adjustments due to re-measurements' during the year, the total length of all Country Main Roads at the 30th~ June 1935 was' 14,524 miles, composed of State Highways 3,656 miles, Trunk Roads 2,435 miles and ordinary main roads 8,433 miles. The distribution of these mileages between the Country "Highway Divisions is as under :—

Division. State ,. Trunk Main ' Highways. Roads, Roads. • -Total;'.

; Metropolitan (excluding County Cumberland) • 191 215 655 1,061

5S4 : " 335' " 1,058 1,977 51-6 --78 1,031 1,625 625 315 1,076 2,016 718 436 2,033 3,187 531 598 1,688 2,717 North-Western ..l '. 491 458 992 1,941; 3,656 2,435 8,433 14,524 "

* 67030—0 32

LENGTH OF COUNTRY HIGHWAYS CONTROLLED BY THE DEPARTMENT. The total length of Country Highways controlled directly by the Department at 30th June, 1935, was as follows :—

Mileage Percentage Division. Mileage in • taken over by of total • Division. Department, mileage.

191 139 72-77 584 475 81-33 . 516 295 57-17 Upper Northern 625 82 1312 718 374 52-07 531 100 18-83 491 ......

3,656 1,465 4007

MAINTENANCE AND MINOR IMPROVEMENT WORKS BY COUNCILS. Maintenance of gravel roads by Councils is now. almost invariably carried out under the patrol system, and the condition of the patrolled roads is generally in marked contrast to that of roads receiving more intermittent attention. Grading is usually by light horse-drawn graders or by motor patrol units. The more modern type of patrol-grader, with pneumatic tyres, is replacing older types. The need for care in maintaining correct super-elevation on curves has been constantly stressed. Improvement works have consisted largely of construction of concrete pipe or box culverts in lieu of old timber culverts or of open crossings, the straightening of alignment, widening and strengthening over long lengths. An attempt has been made to provide each township with a dustless surface and considerable progress has been made in this work with a view to improved living and business conditions in country towns. A considerable amount of surface treatment has also been carried out by Councils in rural areas, especially on the State Highways leading to other States. The following is a statement, of Grants and Payments made to Councils on account of maintenance and minor improvement works during the.year :-—

STATE HIGHWAYS.

Grants approved GrantB approved Grants approved Payments made to 30/6/35, Council. Road No. but unpaid at during year during year t but unpaid at 30/6/34. 1934/35. 1934/35. 3Q/6/35.

Prince's Highway. -

Metropolitan Division^ £ s. d. £ B. d. . £ s. d. i B. d. i 163 15 3 161 15 3 2 0 0 Southern Division— i 70 12 4 7 11 9* 63 0 7 Total £ 70 12 4 156 3 6 224 15 10 2 0 0

Hume Highway. Metropolitan Division— Mittagong 87 10 0 18l 0 2 268 10 Nattai 551 17 9 7,070 18 0 6,323 13 1,299 2 0 Southern Division— Goulburn City 465 .5 9 2,068 7 4 1,056 11 4 1,477 1 9 Gunning 7 0 10 7 0 10 Mulwaree "ob* "6 0 6,213 14 10 6,273 14 10 Wingecarribee 2,180 19 0 2,180 19 6 South-Western Division- Albury „ 288 0 0 672 2 6 694 10 6 265 12 0 Hume "427'18 "5 4.293 7 5 4,241 12 2 479 13. 8 Total 1,880 11 11 22,687 10 21,046 12 7 3,521 9 11

Federal Highway. Southern Division- Mulwaree 485 0 0 9,204 5 5 8,917 7 11

Monaro Highway. Southern Division— 4 5 0 0 5 0 0 4 64 6 30 64 6 10 4 89 li 6 4,363 2 3 4,263 18 1 188 18 South-Western Division—• Tumut 4 .8,023 0 0 8,023 0 0 89 14 -6 ' 12,455 9 1 | 12,356 4 11 188 18 8

Great Western Highway. Metropolitan Division- Bathurst City .... 186 14 4 ' 1S6 14 4 33

STATE HIGHWAYS—continued.

Grants approved Grants approved Grants approved Payments made to 30/6/35 Council. Road No. but unpaid at during year during year but unpaid at 30/6/34. 1934/35. 1934/35. 30/6/35.

Mid-Western Highway. Metropolitan Division- £ s. d. £ s. £ s. d. £ s. d. Bathuret City ... 30 0 0 30 0 Abererombie 250 0 0 2,318 2 'i'960 6 0 • '668""2 3 South-Western Division- Hay ; 18 4 18 ' 4 Wyalong 19 13 10 611 17 479 4 162 7 0 2,762 2 2,488 5 469 9 6 Bland 195 13 1 77 0 0 Carrathool 2,277 0 2,200' 0 Waradgery 235 0 0 1,103 0 1,338 0 Central Western Divieion- Blayney .". 10 0 0 179 19 8 189 19 8 Carcoar 20 4 7 19 5 1' 19 6 Cowra 182 10 5 457 6 0 943 8 5 12 0' Grenfell 1,343 16 0 1,343 16 0 Lyndhurst ...... 10,073 2 3 10,073 2 3 Waugoola 255 0 0 3,364 15 8 3,619 15 8 . Weddin 4,704 6 7 ' 4,704 5 7 Total 1,498 1 11 29,164 6 0 29,299 1 ' 2 1,363 6

North-Western Highway. Metropolitan Division— Bathurst City 30 0 0 30 0 0* Abererombie 293 2 6 2,179 19 6 ,000 0 0 473 2 0 Central Western Division— Dubbo 103 1 2 185 272 6 4 16 3 6 Molong 3,802 2,219 17 9 1,583 0 0 Kyngan 38 15 252 290 18 7 Orange 259 259 19 0 Wellington' 44 6 204 ' 248 17 10 Amaroo 2,301 2,200 17 3 95 0 0 Began 2,909 2,969 14 5 Canobolas 35 1 10 13,179 8,707 7 '2 4,507 11 11 Cobbo'ra 2,341 2,344 13 1 3 12 0' Macquarie 567 4 5 2,265 2,833 0 6 Marthaguy 54 10 11 4,343 4,110 8 8 287 5 Total 1,106 1 7 34,316 9 11 ,524 0 7 6,958 10 11

Barrier Highway. Central Western Division— Nyngan 8 63 13 6 63 13 6 Bogan 8 156 0 0 1,135 17 7 1,291 17 7 Total £ 156 0 0 1,199 11 1 1,355 11 1

Great Northern Highway. Lower northern Division— Muswellbrook 134 . 0 Scone 225 18 0 18 225 0 0 West Maitland 134 9 134 6 93 16 175 0 0 Kearsley 216 0 1,980 11 1,020 7 570 4 8 Upper Hunter 1,824 6 1.824 6 Upper Northern Division— Glen Inncs 40 0 0 3,971 0 11 3,821 0 11 190 0 0 Tenterfield Municipality 290 0 0 1,103 14 5 1,393 14 5 Guyra 1,584 13 1 1,584 13 1 Severn 1,495 3 10 1,495 3 10 Tenterfield Shire 8,025 0 0 8,025 0 0 North-Western Division—• Armldale 145 5 3 161 0 9 325 8 1 19 2 1" Murrurundi 45 0 0 45 0 0 Tamworth 50 0 • 2,178 19 1 2,228 19 1 Uralia 44 17 6 11 10 76 9 2 25""6 0< Cockburn 146 7 5,981 10 3 6,127 17 3 TJumareaq 63 14 4,541 10 3 4,605 4 3 Gostwyck 77 7 3,770 10 7 3,847 17 11 Nundle 50 0 7,711 15 10 6,087 15 8 1,674 0 2 Peel 378 18 3,810 4 3 4,089 2 7 100 0 0 Tamarang 10,854 7 9 7,184 16 4 3,669 11 5 Warrah 432 17 6 3,035 6 10 3,293 0 7 175 3 9 Total £ 16 6 62,575 12 10 57,910 11 6,734 17 11

Pacific Highway. Lower Northern Division—' Hamilton 30 0 0 30 0 0 Raymond Terrace 4 2 8* 4 2 8* Taree 273 6 0 83 6 0 190 0 0 Bellingen 5 15 6 5,256 0 0 5,261 16 0 Erina 250 0 0 250 0 0 Gloucester : 468 0 3,550 5 6 3,998 5 6 20 0 0 Manning 1,330 0 9,210 17 10 10,640 17 10 Nambucca , 6,486 6 7 • 6,196 6 7 290 0' 0 Port Stephens 39 4 4,971 15 8 4,743 0 0 268 0 0 Stroud 1 50 0 7,126 0 0 7,035 17 •7 140 2 5 Upper Northern Division— I Ballina 1,324 0 4 1,317 0 4 • r 0 0 Maclean 116 3 3 620 9 6 214 12 9 522 0 0 Mullumbimby 120 0 0 200 •7 2 380 7 2 Murwillumbah 21 0 0 21 0 0 South Grafton 433 0 0* 433 0 0* Byron 3,745 18 7 3,745 18 7 Dorrigo 4,646 9 7 3,944 7 2 702 2 5 Harwood 712 13 0 6,442 16 11 4,348 9 10 2,807- 0 1 Tintenbar •2,588 12 0 7,893 15 11 10,482 •7 11 Tweed 1,400 17 6 6,419 15 1 7,820 12 6 Woodburn 5,911 10 5 6,907 9 4 Total £ 6,831 5 6 74,003 12 11 75,884 12 5 4,950 6 0 34

STATE HIGHWAYS -continued.

Grants Approved Payments made Council. Grants Approved Grants Approved to 30/6/35, Road No. but unpaid at during year during year but unpaid at 30/6/34- 1934/35. 1934/35. 30/6/35.

Oxley Highway. CentfaUWestern Division— - £ s. d. £ s. d. • £ s. d. £• s. d. Gilgandra 800 0 0 6,684 14 6 7,484 14 5 Marthaguy 174 8 8 1,747 13 7 1,922 2 3 North-Western Division— "Gunnedah ' 150 11 S 328 11 490 17' 2 11 14 5* Tainworth 103 1 0* •180 0 ' 76' 19 0 Walcha-.:..: :i 143 9 6 137 14 5 15 -3 Apsley 66 7 8 3,322 9 2,957 2 11 431 14 3 Cockburn 52 12 52 12 " 4 Coonabarabran .. 1 ; 976 19 0 6,045 14 7,031 2 0' 8 8 11* , Liverpool Plains! 504, 7 11 2,550 7 3,002 2 '0 52 13 2 Peel 3,043 8 3,043 8 1 Total ; :.£ 1,713: 3 0 23,817 16 26,066 15 5 464 4 1

Gwydir Highway.

Upper Northern Division— Glenlnnes- 12 635 0 0 1,668 4 2,203 4 •Inverell 12 1,551 14 1,557 12 5 18 South Grafton, 12 1,468 7 1,468 7 Bannockburn 12 4,251 0 4,251 0 Macintyre v 12 3,738 11 2,850' 0 •888 11 'Nyinboida 12 4,193 10 4,19310 Severn ., ;12 7,557 3 7,557 3 Yallaroi 12 1,875 16 1.868 0 7 16 North-Western Division— • ! Moree -...... 27 13 0 954 11 7 958 4 0 24 0 Boolooro© 1,021 0 .0 1,021 0 0 Boomi 2,077 14 1 2,077 14 1 Walgett : 454 4 1 454 4 1 Total ..£ 562 13 0 ),811 17 ,460 0 7 914 10 0

Sturt Highway. South-Wetyern Division— , JBalranald 14 50 0 0 822 2 2 872 2 2 Wagga Wagga 14 342 2 8 '. 420 0 10 77 18 2* Murrurabidgee -. 14 145 0 0 2,715 15 0 ' 2,745 0 0 115 15 0 Wakool 14 55 0 0 1,584 1 1 1,200 0 0 439 1 1 Yanko 14 40 0 0 399 5 8 439 5 8 Waradgery 14 50 0 0* 2,081 15 6 1,915 0 0 116 15 6 ,,Total , .„.£ 240- 0 -0 . 7,945 2 1 7,591 8 8 593 13 5 Total for State Highways £ 17,949 14 6 308,337 17 '6 299,823 16 10 26,463 15 2

TRUNK AND ORDINARY MAIN ROADS.

Grants Approved Grants Approved Payments made Grants Approved Council. Road No. but unpaid' at during year to 30/6/35, ;but 30/6/34. 1934/35. during 1934/35. unpaid at 30/6/35.

Metropolitan Division.

£ - s. d. £ .s. d. £ s. d. 1 £ 8. d. Bsthurst City •-54 , 54 19 11* 54 19 11* Berry ...... 261,293- '95 0 0* •• 95 0 0 Bowral 260, 263, 300 494 2 6 350 0 0 144 2 6 Camden 259 12 5 5 12 5 5 Gulgong 55,223 141 18 0 100 0 0 41 18 6 Jamberoo 264, 266 100 0 0 445 0 1 345 0 a • 200 . 0 .0, Mlttagong ... 260 117 9 4- 117 9 Mudgeo' 55, 208, 214 240 3 4 160 10 0 79 13 4 Shellharbour.:; 262;266 37U 0 6 " 549 4 4 250 0 0 ..669 4 4 Wollbngong ... 295 45 7 3 73' 2 2 118 9 5 .', ;. Abererombie... 54,176, 246, 2,225 0 0 3,053 2 1 .'3,897 0 p ." '1,381 2 1 252. BiaxJand '55, 255, 292 1,176 13 .4 -2.227 11 ,5- '2,143'18 1 " 1,254 6 8 179,181,182 758 11 Colo, 570 0 0 '.. 0 'i>'C55 ll /o ,. ' ' 279 0 .0 192. Cudgegong •55, 208, 214, .1,500 0 0 2,713 !18 3 '2,400 " 0 p 1,813 18 .3 216. Central Illawarra. 186i 295 490 0 0 611 0 4 350 0 0 201 ,D -A Nattai 258,260, 262 - 850 0 0. 1,670: 0 0 1,950.. 0. 0 . -.570 0 0 263,265, 300 Oberon .. 253,265 256, 405 2 i 726 | 0 3 810 3 1 ' 321 O 3 Rylstone 54, 55, 208, 1,205 0 0 ,2,109 - 0 0 .2,330.. 0 0 984 o 0 215. Turon -54, 216, 253, 1,142 2 r s;oo5' 3 3 2,8311.2 6 l,315:i3 3 255.256.' Wollondilly 179, £59, 1,153 0 0 1,612 0 0. I;BC5 o 0 1,100 0 0 Wyaldra ... 55, 205, 214, 240 0 0 ' 1,98(1 ; 9 2 1,319 19 11 906 9 3 223, 233. ' Total '..£ 11,478. .5 9 21,941 ; 1 11 22,050' 13' 6 11,368 14 2 35

TRUNK AND ORDINARY MAIN ROADS—continued'.

Grants Approved Grants Approved Payments made Grants Approved Council. Road No. but unpaid at during year during year to 30/6/35, but 30/6/34. 1934/35. 1934/35. unpaid at 30/6/35.

Southern Division £ d. .'£ -s. d. £ s. d. s. d. Bega 272 8 18 8 S 18 8 Bombala \, 53, 274 101 13 4 101 13 4 Braidwood 51, 267, 270, 309 0 10- -200 0 0 109 0 Id" - 271 Burrowa 56, 241, 248, 0 705 0 0 590 -10- 0 299 0 O Cooma 52 60 0 0 60 0 0 Goulburn City. 64,248. 251, 178 16 6 5 0 0 5 0 0 178 16 6 256, 268 Queanbeyan 51, 52, 249, 437 0 0 210 0 0 227 0 0 Yass 278 80 10 0 80 10 0 Bibbenluke ... 52 , 53,274, 0 2,438 16 1 3,123 0 0 414 16 1-Ji 275, 288 Cambewarra 261,307 769 19 3 445 0 2 1,214 19 5 Clyde 267, 312 320 0 0 750 0 0 820 O 0 250 0 Crookwell.... 54, 201, 247, 1,579 13 4 3,549 15 1- 4,265 5 1 864 3 4 248, 249, 256, 291 'i' • Dalgety 286, 287 1,087 12 5 1,774 10 0 2,607 14 11 254 7 6 Eurobodalla 51, 271, 272 1,180 6 9 2,913 2 4 2,971 6 2 1,122 2 11 . Goodradigbee 56, 243,249, 1.042 18 7 2,596 15 7 2,896 14 2 743 0 0 278 Gunning 241,248, 249 2,696 2 7 2,344 0 10 352 1 9 251, 283 Iralay ... 274, 275,276 0 1,130 0 0 1,000 0 0 630 0 0 Monaro... 52, 53 0 1,973 19 9 1,832 0 0 1,203 19 9 Mulwaree 54, 247, 248, 3,721 18 4 5,680 16 8. 6,657 8 4 2,745 6 8 , 251, 256, 258, 268. 209 Mumbulla 272, 273, 320 1,100 0 1,210 0 0 1,610 0 0 700 0 0 Murrnngal.. 56, 241, 248 400 0 3,262 0 0 3,062 0 0 600 0 0 Tallaganda 51,267,269, 1,915 2 2,885 10 0 4,250 0 0 550 15 2 270, 271 Wmgecarribee 260, 261, 262 1,099 16 4 3,075 6 5 4,099 9 6 76 13 4 263, 264, 265 Yarrowlumla 51, 52, 56 1,258 1 8 1,315 4 1 1,527 4 5 1^046 1 4 249, 268, 270 Total ;..£ 18,499 18 4 | 39,404 1 7 45,537 14 9 12,366 5

Lower Northern Division. Adamstown 107,188 32 0 0 32 0 0 Cessnock 218, 220 250 0 0 .500 0 0 250 0 Dungog 101 100 0 0 62' 0 0 137 0 0 25 0 East Maltland 102,103,104 284 13 265 -0 0 19 13 Hamilton 107,188 326, 328 16 10. 443 10 578 16 10 193 10 Kampsey 116, 198 271 12 0 196 2 369 12 3 98-2 Lambton 107, 337 557 14 387 14 4 170 0 Morpeth 102 37 10 0 40 0 69 10 10 7 19 Muswellbrook 208,209 71 10 ' 7110 0 Newcastle City 304 49 14 49 14 New Lambton 107,188,223 33 0 100 0 67 0 0 Port Macquarie .., 113 16 6 15 6 Raymond Terrace 104 10 0 10 0 Scone 62, 105 476 13 300 0 128 97 0 176 13 i Singleton 110,192, 198 97 0 Taree 107,217, 352 482 11 390 6 5 3 Wallsend 326, 327 131 17 992 13 11 . 520 12 18. 8 Waratah 101, 218 79 19 235 2 1 i 315 1 West Maitland .. 316 261 3 5 250 0 11 3 ..5 WJckham 109,112,192 16 19 0 15 19 Wingham 100 0 0 50 0 50 0 0 Bellingen 118, 119 164 5 1,634 2 1 1,302 12 495 14 8 Bolwarra 101, 102, 103. 1,411 16 1,559 2 1 2,159 6 811 11 10 128 Erina 217, 223, 225, 1,105 0 5,398' 0 0 4,498 0 0 2,005 0 335, 336, 349 250 0 450 0 0 450 0 0 250 0 Hastings 112 Kearsley 181, 195, 218, 2,004 18 5 ,417 10 0 4,004 18 5 1,417 10 220 Lake Macquarie 217, 220, 223 ,989il3 2 6,068 10 0 2,921 3 325 Macleay.. 116, 198 875 0 0 1,237; 4 7 1,612 • 4 7 600 0 Maiming 109.110,111 1,773 18 3 3,018 14 6 2,990 15 6 1,801 17 112, 192. Merriwa.. 188, 209,214, 1,827 0 0 4,856, 9 5 3,510 6 8 ,173 218, 220, 358, 62 Muswellbrook 208, 209,213 1.316 10 0 1,920 0 2,096 10 0 1,140 Nambucca ... 118 200 0 0 500 0 600 0 0 100 Patrick Plains 128 181,213, 177 1 10" 3,136 0 1L950 18 2 1,008 220 Port Stephens 101, 102, 108, 650 0 0 2,439 12 1,889 12 2 1,200 0 294, 301, 302. Stroud 101,110,111, 1,564 12 0 2,280 10 2,615 7 11 1,229 15 289 Tarro 102,104,107, 483 14 3 2,893 1 , -1,483 14 3 .1,893 . 1- 195, 218, 220. Upper Hunter 62, 105 883 6 8 2,384; 0, 21083 '6 8 '584 0, Wallarobba 101,128,289, 1,200 0 0 1,500 0 li880 0 0 820 0 301 Woy Woy ;. 349 150 0 0 .100 0 0 50 0 0 Total : £ 16,732 16 2 52,154 13 7 46,221 7 7 22,666 2 2

Upper Northern Division. Ballina 64, 146 50 0 0 175 19 10 225 19 10 Bingara ... 63 93 10 0 33 3 4 , 233 3 4 - 106 10 ' 0* Casino 64, 140,149, 205 18 3 3,039 0 3 3,113 10 0 - 131 8 6 151 drafton City 150,151,298 55 0 0 748 1 1 422 1 1 • - 381 0 0 [nverell ... 73. 114, 115, 887 3 4 790 11 9 1,061 15 1 •;. 0 U .. 137, 187 Li3more ... 64, 65, 142, 1,036 7 6 2,133 19 5 1,596 7 0 1,573 19 11 147, 306; 36

TRUNK AND ORDINARY MAIN ROADS—continued.

Grants aporoved Grants approved Grants approved Payments made to 30/6/35, Council. but unpaid at during year during year but unpaid at 30/O/34. 1934/35. 1934/35. 30/6/35.

Upper Northern Division—continued. s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d s. d. £ 109 0 5 306 109 0 5 | Mullumbimby 35 0 0 35 0 0 Murwillumbah 142 9 OH 10 11 8' South Grafton 151 19 12 7* 303 19 6 182 0 64,138 407 13 6 78 6 6 Tenterfield, Municipality. 5,494 3 11 6,001 19 8- 2,292 4 Ashford 63,136, 137, 2,800 0 0 138, 187. 2,167 3 9 600 0 0 Bannockburn 114, 115, 134, 1,000 0 0 1,767 3 9 135, 187, 73. 2,800 0 0 3,050 0 0 2,050 0 Byron 65,144,306 2,300 0 0 1,501 19 2 1,194 0 150, 151 780 3 8 1,915 15 0 Copmanhurst 4,556 14 0 3,856 14 0 2,700 0 119,120,151, 2,000 0 0 6,334 16 3 2,818 10 Dorrigo 64, 65. 140, 3,880 0 0 5,273 0 6 Gundurimba 147, 148, 149. 1,607 0 2,200 0 Guyra ... 73, 116,121, 800 0 0 3,067 0 0 124, 135. 1,357 16 1,019 6 Gwydir ... 63, 133, 134, 913 6 8 1,403 16 9 360. 2,458 ' 4 11 1,045 0 1,197 10 0 Harwood 151, 152 215 14 10* 5,667 18 4,622 14 0 Kyogle ... 64, 65, 140, 3,615 18 11 6,674 13 4 141. 1,347 2 4 1,050 0 0 Macintyre 135,136,137 897 2 4 1,500 0 0 1,612 0 0 1,811 15 4 766 13 0 Nymbolda. 119,120,121 966 8 4 830 0 0 600 0 0 Orara .... • 121, 151 530 0 0 900 0 0 679 1 5 629 10 11 370 0 0 Severn .... 136 320 9 6 1,350 0 0 Terania . . 65, 141,142, 1,842 12 6 3,705 0 1 4,197 12 7 306. 3,807 15 0 2,776 15 4 Tenterfield Shire . 64, 65, 138, 2,207 15 0 4,370 15 4 189, 290. 3,628 15 3 1,579 6 8 2,534 0 Tintenbar 64, 146 484 12 0 3,411 13 1 2,145 0 Tom Id .... . 64, 140, 149, 1,606 13 4 3,950 0 0 151. 8 773 2 967 18 10 547 12 Tweed .... . 142,143, 306 742 8 696 0 8 812 17 Woodburn . 145,148,149 1,158 11 10 350 6 153. 2,323 0 0 1,913 0 0 Yallwol 03 1,368 0 0 2,873 0 58,494 15 ~4U90 15 10 Total 32,714 7 11 66,971 3 3

North-Weslern Division. 121 25 8 25 8 1' Armidale 257 0 257 0 0 Barraba.- 63,132 72 309 8 309 8 0 Gunnedah 12 8 0 0 23 12 0* Manilla 63 72, 232, 338 280 9 280 9 0 Moree 354 13 230 16 9 367 16 11 Narrabri 72, 127 244 0 4 68 0 0 130 225 0 .0 43 0 200 0 0 Quirindi ". 37 16 217 3 7 Tamwdrth 63,130 179 7 1 73, 115 181 6 181 6. 0 Uralla. 132 0 97 13 5 34 7 0 WaVcha 73, 115 127 225 . 0.0 West Narrabri. 410 200 0. 0 210 0 0 Apsley 73 63, 132,133 667 0 .0 1,510 2,029 2 0 148 4 6 Barraba 4,004 6,277 9 1 2,580 13 9 Boolooroo .... 63, 72, 126, 4,793 13 4 232, 338. 760 0 0 232 310 0 0 1,503 4 2 i 1,113. 4 2 Bodml 63, 105 700 0 .0 1,500 0 0 I 1,700 0 0 500 0 0 Cockburn ...... 902 0 0 1,731 13 4 ! 1,934 0 0 699 13 4 55, 62 1,180 0 0 Coolah 55,129, 205, 1,874 18 10 3,065 0 11 | 3,759 19 9 Coonab'arabrah' 329, 334. 1,949 6 3 116,121,124 1,919 3 2,594 11 0 2,564 8 Dumaresq; 2,936 0 2,505 0 0 Gos'twyck . 73,115, 122, 1,191 1 [4,249 18 5 124, 132. 4,50" 1 1,354 17 0 Liverpool Plains 55, 72 2,482 8 1 3,379 10 9 j 63, 357 347 14 5 1,342 19 5 1,047 14 042 19 5 Mandowa 3,593 12 2,025 0 0 Namoi 72, 120, 127, 1,316 19 0 4,301 13 6 133, 329, 343. 357. 435 0 0 105, 106 609 2 4 1,092 1 0 1,266 3 10 Nniutte .... 4 ! 907 4 4 100 0 0 Peel 130 300 0 0 7.17 4 445 0 0 Tamarang 72, 106,120, 678 8 3 1,345 0 0 1,578 8 3 129, 130. 4 | 737 9 0 214 7 4 Walgett ., , 50 123,127, 335 19 0 615 17 329, 333. n 857 0 0 317 0 0 Warrah.... 72,358 1,174 1 39,018 6 4 16,513 14 O Total 19,076 16 .0 36,455 4 *l

South-Western Division. 284 1 0 515 6 2 Albury 205, 212, 355 259 4 9 67, 221 92 10 2 10 o 0* 92" 10 2 Balranald 200 0' 0 Cootamundra ., 242, 243, 351 157 18 11 313 19 TO 212, 250, 299 226 7 6 476 10 0 631 7 6 Corowa 59, 60, 331, 132 0 0 737 8 11 305 0 0 Deniliquin 60 50 0 TO 100 0 0 150 0 0 Hay 254, 257 R8 0 J6 38 1 1 126 1 7 Hillston 243 28 14 9 133 10 0 40 10 9 Junee 60, 341 460 13 4 460 13 4 Moaraa 239,243 671 15 13 377 15 9 Murrumburrah. 243, 254 Narrandera .... 446 3 1 260 O 0 57, 241, 242 . 208 0 0- 427 0?0 358 0 0 Temora 57 2S1 7 0 Wagga Wagga. 2S1 7 SO 243, 322 22 15 10 190 0 f0 175 0 0 Wallendbeen . 57 0 8 V 12 18 5 Wyalong 13 6 8 239,241, 285, 308 10 0 680 13 1 658 10 0 Young .'. 1.S24 5 2 Berrigan 212,226,229, 777 3 7 1,655 1 7 299,331. 951 0 57,231, 7S3 0 0 1,794 18 7 1,026 18 7 Bianu 239, 241, 285 2,002 0 0 1,377 1 8 1,587 10 Burrangong 902 11 8 1,982 17 10 2,400 0 Carrathool 244, 254, 321 365 7 10 4,017 10 0 •Grants cancelled and refunds. 37

TRUNK AND ORDINARY MAIN EOADS—continued.

Grants Approved Grants Approved Payments made Grants Approved to 30/6/35, but Council. Road No. but unpaid at during year during year 30/6/34; 1934/35. 1934/35. • mpaidat 30/6/35

South Western Division—continued, i £ a. £ £ P. £ s. 1,750 1,600 0 1,049 7 .>onargo. 59,331. 19 240, 243. 1,081 1,672 10 0 1,381 5 1,372 10 0 Ooolamon 1,860 0 0 Coreen ... 131, 212, 299, 850 2,655 14 4 1,645 14 314, 331. 1,051 19 9 Culcairn 125, 210, 211. 2,422 13 10 2,279 5 11 3,050 0 . 0 331. Demondrille 239, 243, 322 240 0 0 430 19 6 323 19 6 347 0 Gundagal ... 278, 279, 351 50 0 0 1,068 2 6 680 0 0 438 2 Holbrook ... 211, 278, 284, 682 11 11 1,030 16 5 837 5 2 876 3 331 19 0 Hume 125, 197,'210, 395 10 2 2,995 8 10 700 0 212, 278, 331, 355. 1,024 16 8 lllabo 57, 242, 243 1,008 17 2,115 19 2,100 0 0 69, 229, 299, 1,119 7 778 2 1,391 0 0 506 10 0 Jerilderie 323 385 5 0 Jindalee 235, 242, 243. 389 1 11 1,043 1 1 1,046 18 0 351. 231 0 0 825 18 581 18 3 475 0 Kyeamba 210, 211. 543 10 Lockhart 59, 210. 683 16 8 1,690 15 1,831 2 0 Mitchell 57, 58, 59, 144 12 6 3,417 18 2,350 0 0 1,212 11 210, 240. 916 0 0 Murray 60,341. 704 0 0 2,116 0 1,904 0 0 424 . 5 396 2 0 77 10 0 Murrumbidgee 58, 244, 321 49 6 8 734 10 0 Nartaburra ... 57, 235, 241, 219 6 8 2,435 0 1,919 16 11 242 2,259 19 1 Tumbarumba 278, 281, 282, 966 0 0 2,693 19 1 1,400 0 0 284. 533 1 10 Xumut 278, 279, 280, 443 18 4 i;733 1 10 i;043 18 4 324. Tirana ,125, 131, 835 0 4 1,721 10 5 1,100 0 0 1,456 10 9 229, 299, 323, 356 1.991 19 6 Wakool 221, 222, 229, 2,058 1 4 3,133 18 2 3,200 0 0 296, 319, 321, 341. 773 13 1 Waradgery 58, 60, 319 894 11 11 1,059 10 6 1,180 9 4 1,258 16 2 2,318 14 4 2,494 16 2 1,082 14 4 Windouran 00, 296, 319 727 10 0 Willi mbong 254. 405 3 9 636 19 3 314 13 0 254, 321 410 16 8 1,123 10 0 816 * 6 8 718 0 0 Wade 229, 243, 254 219 11 10 1,115 8 0 507 19 10 827 0 0 Yanko 34,252 1 Total 23,138 2 2 58,967 7 8 47,853

Central Western Division.

Blayney .. 245. 45 0 0 43 19 9 1 0 Condobolln 57, 61, 224, 51 7 412 7 1 153 12 0 310 2 228, 230. 628 10 3 343 9 3 285 1 0 Coonamble 56,129, 202, 205. 105 19 Cowra 56,285, 310 39 11 163 5 1 96 16 11 421 7 5 100 0 0 321 7 Dubbo 56, 206, 2,057 18 Forbes 56, 61. 1,990 4 843 13 11 776 0 0 114 4 2 114 4 2 : Grenfell .. 237, 239 ""29 " 6 Molong 359. 71 17 0 101 2 8 229 0 0 100 0 0 129 0 Narromine 342, 354. 60. 3 Nyngan .. 204, 346. 160 3 4 100. 0 0. Orange 245. 13 -4 2 49 1 9 02 5 11 365 5 6 350 0 0 "'341 19 Parkes 56, 224, 233 326 13 11 269 1 Peak Hill ., 56, 348 138 10 9 230 10 8 100 0 0. 2,091 Warren 202, 333. 1,036 1 4 3,067 2 1 2,012 0 O Amaroo 61, 233, 234 337 14 11 553 8 2 727 14 11 163 8 2 350. ' 6 4,210 18 5 Boree 61, 224, 237, 1,660 0 0 4,960 16 2,409 18 0 238, 310,359. 867 17 6 Bogan .... 204, 228,346 895 0 0 1,424 4 5 1,451 6 11 388 5 2 1,538 6 0 1,338 5 2 588 6 0 Canobolas 61, 237, 245 1,340 6 10 Cobbora . 205, 206, 233, 1,500 13 8 2.740 6 10 2,906 13 8 334, 345, 353. 1,710 16 11 2,761 fi 11 3,700 0 0 772 3 10 GHgandra , 56, 205, 345 3,590 1 6 Goobang , , 57, 224, 3.589 6 4 5,006 15 2 5,000 0 0 233, 348, 350, 354. 5,524 1 . 3 4,563 8 1 3,993 10 5 Jemalong 50, 61, 224, 3,032 17 235,-236. 6 2,750 0 0 2,532 3 8 Lachlan 57, 61, 224, 3,280 12 2,001 11 228, 230, 231, 346, 347, 411. 178 683 0 428 4 433 0 0 Lyndhurst . ... 201, 245, 246 570 0 0 Macquarie ... 233. 550 820 0 800 0 2,599 2,924 2 3,504 8 2,018 15 3 Marthaguy ... 202,203, 333 1,468 5 2 Talbragar 56, 206 1,854 2,326 17 2,713 0 1,926 1.938 6 2,726 15 1,137 11 10 Timbrebongie 56, 57, 342, 0 2 354. 2,072 0 581 12 Waugoola 56, 201, 237, 1,871 18 8 285, 310. 781 13 8 1,354' 1 10 1,887 17 416' 4 Wcddln 234, 235, 236, 950 0 0 237, 239. 843 5 5 2,337 16 720 0 Wingadee 56,129, 202, 2,214 11 8 205. 29,552 15 3 Total 31,050 18 2 46,079 17 5 47,578 0 4 Total for Trunk and Ordinary 152,691 4 6 321,973 9 9 306,754 167,910 7 10 Main Roads. Signposting 136 19 6' 136 19 6' Commission paid in terms oil 10,639 5 11 10,639 5 11 section 42 of the Main Roads) Act. Grand Total for State Highways, 170,640 19 0 640,813 13 8 617,080 9 8t 194,374 3 0 Trunk and Main Roads.

* Grants cancelled and/or refunds, t As per Income and Expenditure Account on page 29. 38

MAINTENANCE AND MINOR IMPROVEMENT WORKS ,BY; THE DEPARTMENT. The sections of State Highway maintained by the Department consist largely, like the State Highway system as a-.whole, of gravel construction or bitumen surf aced gravel. Experience in the country has shown that, underjExisting traffic' conditions, i.e., the regulation of jthe'use of the roads under the Transport (Co-ordination).,Act, and the widespread adoption of pneumatic tyres, gravel pavements surface treated with bitumen can economically meet all requirements except in and near towns, and one of the Department's principal tasks has become the improvement of the technique and efficiency of bitumen surfacing work. The Department now requires the use of approved mechanical bitumen sprayers, and the mechanical spreading.;of, screenings. A higher standard of smoothness in riding quality is ensured by the use of planer-drags prior to the application of the bitumen, and by the use of broom-drags after the spreading of the aggregate. The use of a coarser grade of aggregate has had the effect of giving non-skid surfaces, and of rendering pavements better visible under motor vehicle headlights at night. The use of softer-grades of bitumen has allowed the holding of much increased quantities of aggregate, resulting in greater .durability. The use of modern types of sprayers and heaters, and the execution of work in.long lengths has also resulted in better and more economical'work. ...

The Department has undertaken experimental work suggested from overseas practice with a view to obtaining improved quality of surface treatment work by the adoption of methods not at present in general local use. i ': Maintenance of linsurfaced gravel roads is carried out by the patrol system, usually involving a one- man two-horse road griader with 6-ft. blade, weighing not less than 1,200 lb. and working over a length of from 20 to 30 miles of road, dependent upon traffic and climatic conditions. An additional man works on the same section cleaning out drains, etc. After rain, a drag is often used instead of the grader. A dray for hauling small quantities of gravel, etc., is also provided, and a small scoop, plough, and tools. As an alternative to several horse-drawn patrol graders, use has been made of a high speed pneumatic tyred power patrol grader. : It is found that improved work and economy results from the use of this class of plant, especially on standard -width formations in flat" or undulating country. On winding roads in hill country, especially if formations are narrow and visibility poor {resulting in necessarily lower speeds) preference's usually given to the smaller horse-drawn graders. < Heavy reconditioning is done with either separate or combined tractor-grader units, depending on circumstances, or by us^ of a road maintainer. A specially designed maintainer developed by the Department over a period;of years has given very satisfactory results.

The following statement sets out the roads which have been maintained by the Department together with the expenditures which have been incurred thereon :—

Length of Date Expenditure. Council. Road taken transferred _ over by to To 30th June, 1934-35. Total Department. Department. 1934.

State Highways. State Highway'No. 1—Princes' Highway—> Metropolitan Division— ' " '' m. chs £ s. d. £ s. (i. £ s. d. IJulli 2 70 • • - 5/8/30 6,882 14 3- - 587 4 6 7,469 18 9 3 59' 1/9/28 9.004 9 7 • -• 713 5 0 9,717 14 7 10 58 1/1/27 7,380 9 0 • 11,844 6 19,224 15 9 0 72 12/12/33 1,249 15 5 • • • 7041 5 4 1.954 10 9 7 12^ 1/9/28 5.887 18 4- - 1,900 19 5 7,794 17 9 4 67' 1/1/28 3.281 12 9 -1,476 4 1 4,757 10 10 2 49 1/9/28 9,062 12 6 1,411 12 8 10,474 5 a 8 70 1/6/27 1.5,327 10 9 6,097 19 9 21,425 10 6 14 09 1/10/28 37.919 11 2 4,995 15 7 42,915 0 9 Southern Division— • 6 38 31/7/27 11,626 13 11 444 13 1 12,071 7 0 49 18 23/10/27 67,068 13 11 3,377 2 9 70.445 16 8 Clladulla ' •.: '. 12 60 24/11.- 27 17,186 4 10 2,167 17 7 19.354 2 5 75 04 30/11/27 85,971 4 4 9,878 3 3 95.849 7 7 31 48 16/5/29 18.069 10 6 5,096 18 5 23,166 8 11 2 09 1/1/30 2;558 18 5 354 13 0 2,913 11 5 71 38 16/4/29 34,360 17 1 5,661 5 11 40,022 3 0 : Total ; 304 41 332,838 16 g 56,718 17 1 389,557 13 10

State Highway No 2*—Hume Highway— • • • Metropolitan Division- . 3 16 1/8/28 . 5,602 13 10 753 3 7 ' 6,355 17 5 20 16 .31/5/27 '24,923 6 11 8,057 19 0 32,981 6 11 3 32 !1/11/20 14,988 0 8 941 8 7 15,929 9 3 Southern DiVision— • 30 71 1/11/28 78,240 14 2 16.868 8 5 95,109 2 7 29 06 24/12/28 44.798 6 4 10,460 15 1 55,259 1 5 5 46 14/12/28 5,250 4 10 281 16 10 5.532 1 8 South-Western Division— 17 24 18/1/29 13,798 5 5 1,364 12 2 15,162 17 7 53 00 13/9/32 31,620 6 0 16,173 19 6 47,794 6 6 31 33 1/11/31 17,537 6 4 24,974 15 9 42,512 2 1 29 66 5/11/29 48,276 13 1 5,168 19 1 53,445 12 2 Total 223 70 285,035 17 7 85,045 18 0 370,081 15 7

S^ate Highway No. 3—Fedeial Highway— Southern Division^- .-..,'.'.. 20 24 1/4/30 10,132 0 3 11,012 11 10 21,144 12 1 10 30 1/4/30 1,138 1 8 ' 6,734 1 8 7,872 3 4 Total :.. 30 54 11,270 1 11 17,746 13 0 29.01G 15 5 MAINTENANCE BY DEPARTMENT—continued.

Length of , Date of Expenditure. Road taken transfer Council. over by (to Department. Department. To3 Junc Total. JJ54 *' 1934-35. State Highways—continued. State Highway No. 4—Monaro Highway— n. ch. £ s. d. Southern Division—. .1 • £ S. d. Imlay : 1/1/29 4,014 9 6 1,449 ' 8 11 6,063 18 5 Bega j 1/3/30 2,201 8 10 126 0 1 2,327 14 11 Murabulla 1/7/29 16,453 2 1 3,668 2 8 19,121". 4 9 ' Dalgety 21/11/28 22.524 15 0 3,902 18 3 26,427 13 3 South-Western Division- Gundagal V.. 13/9/32 4,029 4 1,383 3 0 5,412 7 3 Total • | 116 48,822 19 8 10,529 18 11 59,352 18 7 State Highway No. 5—GreatrWestem Highway- Metropolitan Division— Blaxland '. 1/8/28 55,502 18 0 3,157 11 7 58,660 10 1 Turon 14/12/28 22,793 10 2 12,711 19 0 35,505 9 2 Lithgow 1/8/28 11,918 17 8 151 -4 11 12,070 2 7 Bathurst 24/7/34 128 13 5 128 131 5 Total 90,215 0 4 16,149 11 106,364 15 3 State Highway No. 6—Mid-Western Highway- Metropolitan Division— Bathurst J 24/7/34 671 4 4 South-Western Division— Waradgery 29 0 5/9/33 150 5 9 310 3 8 460 9 5 Carrathool 84 0 23/8/32 2,622 9 6 381 11 10 :,004 1 4 Hay 6 05 5/9/33 155 10 3 194 3 11 Total 119 03 2,928 11 6 1,401 7 0 4,329 19 0

State Highway No. 7—'North-Western Highway- Metropolitan Division— Bathurst 24/7/34 616 9 3 616 Central Western Division- Narromine ...... 1 25 22/7/31 -130 17 11 • 130 17 11 Talbragar1 .' 26 42 30/9/32 9,232 11 5 4,868 19 1 14,101 10 6 Timbrebohgie. 38 11 26/3/30 11,289 9 7 2,172 6 5 13,461 16 0 .Total 20,522 1 0 7,788 1 2 8

State Highway No; 9—Great Noithern Highway- Lower Northern Division— Tarro 7 47 12/12/20 14,568 9 6 1,251 7 15,819 16 9 Patrick Plains 28 77 15/12/30 16,000 9 11 4,305 8 20,305 18 8 Muswellbrook Municipality 0 64 10/11/30 107 19 4 107 19 4 |Muswellbrook Shire 18 33 21/11/28 19,555 2 10 1J950"2 21,511 5 6 'EasfMaitland..'. T. .'. ; 1 56 1/1/33 1,845 6 3 34 13 1,879 19 5 Kearsley '. 1 - 3 07 1/9/33 1,240 9 7. 65 19 1,312 •9 2 'Aberdeen 1 65 1/9/33 •440 2 10 794 7 1,234 9 11 Upper Hunter •. r. 6 73 1/9/33 648 14 648 14 6 Upper Northern Divislon- Tenterfield Shire .... i 27 4 1/7/28 6,385 17 4 1,648 16 5 8,034 13 9 Kycgle 9 54 1/5/29 4,388'18 5 455 1 8 4,844 0- 1 Total 105 70 64,538 16 0 11,160 11 1 75,699 7 1 State Highway No. 10—Pacific Highway— Lower Northern Division—• 13 64 1/7/35 Erina 39 16 1/7/29 35,721 3 12,593 5 3 48,314 8 4 Erina (Peat's Ferry) 23,379 11 5,697 0 10 29,070 18 7 Lake Macquarie ... 19 64 31/5/28 18,859 15 6,356 0 3 25,215 15 9 Merewether 0 24 - fl/8/32 8 11 10 8 11 10 Adamstown 0 72 " 9/8/32 16 4 5 16 4 5 Tarro ' 5 32 31/12/27 7,021 38 1 1,978 16 9 9.000 9 10 Hastings 47 65 15/2/29 54.748 7 10 19,236 8 9 73,984 16 7 Port Macquarie 3 05 15/2/29 6,829 6 11 79 6 1 6,908 .13 0 Macleay 30 25 15/2/29 51.749 19 7 6,039 4 8 58,389 4 3 Kempsey 2 85 15/2/29 7,320 10 4 181 10 5 7,502 0 9 Upper Northern Division- Orara 32 34 1/1/31 11,162 17 5,498 33 0 16,661 10 9 Ulmarra 13 14 1/1/31 3.924 4 2,493 1 3 6,417 6 0 Total 209 20 220,717 10 1 60,778 10 0 281,496 0 1

State Highway No. 11—Oxley Highway- Lower Northern Division;— Hastings 62 15/2/29 31,027 ,909 37.93C 11 7 Central-Western Division— Tlmbrebongie 19 36 24/2/31 3,404 0 1 729 11 11 4,133 12 0 4 76 1/1/35 \ Marthaguy 9 20 30/9/32/ 314 13 0 659 14 5 974 7 5 Tctal 96 17 34,746 1 8,298 9 43,044 11 0

State Highway No. 14-r-Sturt Highway- South-Western Dlyision— Kyeamba 26 55 5/11/29 21,040 13 9 1,696 12 2 '22,743 5 11 Mitchell 32- 44 15/2/34 2,359 15 4 8,005 9 3 10,365 4 7 Hay 8 72 15/2/34 109 18 11 847 5 8 957 4 7 Yanko 46 34 7/1/35 1,221 5 3 1,221 5 3

Total 114 45 23,510 11,770 12 35,287 p 4

State Highway No. 15—Yn^s-Canberra—

Southern Division— . t Goodradigbee -. i...... 17 67 8/3/35 298 8 1 298 8 1 Yarrowlumla 4 25 8/3/35 72 8 2 72 8 2 Yass ; 1 0 8/3/35 16 15 0 10 15 0 Total 23 12 387 11 3 387 11 Total—Highways 1,135,152 10 2 287,776 10 11 1,422.929 1 46

MAINTENANCE OF DEPARTMENT—continued.

Length of Date Expend! tare. Council. Road taken transferred over by to To 30th June, Department. Department. 1934. 1934/35. Total.

Ord inary Mai n Roads, Metropolitan Division— m. ch. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Oberon and Blaxland—Main Road No. 253 40 72 7/11/28 17,837 13 2 3,065 18 4 • 20.903 11 6 Shellharbour—Main Roads Nos. 266 and 262 4 68 1/5/31 5,334 10 7 80 18 9 5,415 15 4 18 20 18/6/35 1 2? 18/6/35 27 1 3 27 1 3 Lower Northern Division— 17/11/30 765 8 9 705 8 9 3 13 Southern Division— 1/10/28 14,481 8 4 5,320 7 0 19,801 15 4 31 0 Total—Main Roads 99 41 38,419 6 10 8,494 5 4 46,913 12" 2

Maintenance of Bridges— 16,250 2 6 5,970 10 7 22,220 13 1 10,584 2 3 1,151 14 10 11,735 17 1 44,874 12 6 5,316 18 0 50.191 10 6 17,854 7 11 4,050 0 11 21,904 8 10 31,446 19 8 3.693 15 0 35.140 14 8 18,034 1 9 2,865 11 7 20.899 13 4 7,588 13 4 2,000 13 1 9,589 6" 5 Total—Bridges I 146,632 19 11 25,049 4 0 171,082 3 11

Maintenance of Perries— 11,171 7 9 3,092 35 1 14,264 2 10 68,176 14 11 21,952 2 8 90,128 17 7 34,706 15 0 7,027 16 6 41,734 11 6 114,054 17 8 32,072 14 3 146,127 11. 11

Miscellaneous— 2,180 18 6 277 9 10 2,458 8 4 Roads temporarily maintained which have reverted to 31,012 14 7 313 14 10 31,326 9 5 1,947 8 9 850 7 6. 2,797 16 3 35,141 1 10 1,441 12 2 36,582 14 0 1,469,400 16 6 354,834 6 8* 1,824,235 3 1

As per Income and Expenditure account on page 29,

CONSTRUCTION WORK ON COUNTRY MAIN ROADS. Construction, work on State Highways during the financial year consisted principally of bringing long lengths to standard width and to best practicable alignment with a view to surface treating with bitumen or tar after consolidation and trafficking. Other works have aimed at improved width and alignment from considerations of safety. Major construction works undertaken have been few in number, and mainly financed from Unemployment Relief Funds. The provision of all-weather roads, especially -*-rn-western aTeas,-~ha;iralso been advanced during the year, both by formation and gravelling and by the construction of stream crossings. Road construction and major improvement works carried out on country main roads by the Department or Councils included the following :— ... Prince's Highway.—On the Tomerong-Milton section realignment and widening to standard was completed between 132-43 miles and 140 miles and surfaced with bitumen. Experimental work 132*43 miles to 134-43 miles using several brands of tar and bitumen emulsions and cut-back bitumen was placed in hand. The purpose of this work was to ascertain the best means of maintaining the reconditioned gravel section from the time of its completion to sealing with bitumen, and at the same time obtaining thickened road crust. Further experiments are to be carried on during the spring of 1935. The construction of a deviation 2 miles 680 feet in length at Conjola from funds provided by the Unemployment Relief Council was completed. Considerable improvement has been effected in both alignment and grade. Between Corunna and Central Tilba a length of 1 mile of narrow winding road is being widened and reconstructed on a new alignment. Widening and straightening of a narrow section over McLeod's Hill between Quaama and Brogo River was commenced, the length of the work being 1 mile. Hume Highway.—The construction of the approaches to Paddy's River, a total length of 3 miles, was completed by the Wingecarribee Shire Council and surfaced with bitumen. In Mulwaree Shire the Council constructed a deviation 4,700 feet in length, and surfaced with bitumen. The deviation provided curves of 1,000 feet and 1,500 feet radii in replacement of curves of from 100 feet to 200 feet radii. In the Shire of Demondrille the reconstruction between 0 and 6 miles, including regrading, minor realignments and provision of pipe culverts was completed, and the construction of a deviation at Deep Creek was put in hand. The realignment and regrading at Hospital Hill in G-undagai Shire was completed. Approximately 8 miles of road between 12 miles 5,200 feet and Holbrook township was reconstructed

in gravel. A deviation in Hume Shire, a total length of 2,956 lineal feet; was^ constructed to an improved alignment. .... 41

A length of 11 -6 miles from the Hume Shire boundary was regraded, strengthened, and surfaced with bitumen. With the exception of the approaches to a culvert which was under construction at Sandy Creek, the whole of the Highway between Hume Shire boundary and Holbrook township, a length of 12 miles, is now bitumen surfaced. In the Shire of Hume, a length totalling 4 miles of construction and reconstruction work (including a minor deviation) connecting the end of the Table Top deviation with the highway at the Albury municipal boundary was completed. Federal Highway.—In Mulwarec Shire from the intersection of Hume Highway near Yarra, a length of 3 miles 746 feet of road was reconditioned on an improved alignment with a view to subsequent surfacing with bitumen. In Gunning Shire, the Department widened to standard formation on an improved alignment a length of 5 miles from Mulwaree Shire boundary to Lake George. Such work included a deviation at .Collector which provided for a separate pavement for through traffic, the old road being available for local traffic purposes. The whole length of this Highway in the Shires of Gunning and Yarrowlumla has now been surfaced, a distance of 31 miles. Mid-Western Highway.—In the Shire of Lyndhurst a deviation \ mile in length was constructed by the Council to improve grade and alignment on the Bathurst-Blayney section at King's Plains. About a mile west of Carcoar the alignment and grade were also improved for a length of \ mile. In the Shire of Carrathool, 1| miles of gravel pavement westward and 1 mile eastward from the Village of Rankin's Springs was constructed, together with a further length of 2 miles of gravel pavement between Gap Dam and Goolgowi. The construction of 8 miles of road, known as the Wah Wah Creek Deviation, between 99 miles and 107 miles west of Wyalong, was well in hand at the end of the year, and arrangements had been made for the construction of a further -8J miles of gravel pavement in the vicinity of Gap Dam. New England Highway.—A length of 5f miles of road in Muswellbrook Shire, between Grass Tree Hill and Muswellbrook, was reconstructed in gravel and surfaced with bitumen. In Upper Hunter Shire,, between Aberdeen bridge and Aberdeen level crossing, the highway has been reconstructed in gravel and surface treated. A length of 4f miles between Holcombe's Hill and Gundy-road, Scone, has been reconstructed in gravel. In Cockburn Shire the regrading, realignment, and bringing up to standard width of pavement and formation has been practically completed between Tamworth and Bendemeer. In the Shire of Tenterfield, between Legume and Koreelah Creek, 3 miles 3,500 feet of deviation in elimination of the steep grade on Oakey Hill has been completed, together with a timber beam bridge over Oakey Creek. Work is at present in progress on a further length of 3 miles 2,600 feet between the end of the completed work, and Legume. Pacific Highway.—In Erina Shire a deviation 1£ miles in length was constructed at Wyoming just north of Gosford. This deviation will replace a section of road on which the alignment is tortuous and will avoid a level crossing over the main northern railway. Near.Tuggerah, in Erina Shire, the construction of a deviation approximately \ mile in length has been commenced which will eliminate two right-angle turns and improve the grade, whilst at the same time the route will be shortened. Between Belmont and Swansea in Lake Macquarie Shire the pavement has been widened and the alignment improved, the completed work which is 5 miles in length, being.surfaced with bitumen. In Manning Shire a commencement was made with the reconstruction of the low lying portion of the Highway immediately north of Taree, a length of 3 miles 3,200 feed having been prepared for surface .treatment next year. ... ' In Bellingen Shire, Long Cutting Deviation south of Urunga is nearing completion and has been opened to traffic, while a further deviation 6,200 feet long at the Short Cut between Urunga and Raleigh is nearing completion. 1 • . The construction of a deviation between 22 miles and 26 miles south of Grafton was completed from Unemployment Relief Funds. Work on a length of approximately 1, mile between this section and the section constructed in Dorrigo Shire (Dirty Creek Deviation) during the preceding year is at present in progress. In the Shire of. Byron a deviation 4,153 lineal feet in length has been completed in elimination of a section of steep grade and bad alignment known as Everitt's Hill. The pavement has been constructed in fine crushed rock. * - In the Shire of Tweed further progress has been made with the deviation of the State Highway over the Burringbar Range. All the earthworks, construction of culverts, etc., have been completed between 10 miles and 12 miles 4,000 feet from Murwillumbah and all earthworks on. the section over the Burringbar Range proper are now completed. Work is at present in progress with the laying of the temporary pavement on the section between 12 miles to 12 miles 4,000 feet and a commencement has been made with the section from 12 miles 4,000 feet to Crabbe's Creek at the southern boundary of the Tweed Shire. The construction of 2-6 miles of deviation in approach to the bridge over the Tweed River at Barney's Point'is at.present in progress. Oxley Highway.—In Cockburn and Apsley Shires, the construction of the entire length of the Highway from its junction with State Highway No. 9 at Bendemeer to Woolbrook, for a distance of 16 miles' has practically been completed by Unemployed Relief Labour under the supervision of the 42

Department. The new work supplies a well graded and aligned pavement, with all open crossings eliminated, except at Congi Creek where a timber beam bridge is to be constructed. A bridge over the railway line at Woolbrook has also yet to be constructed and when it and the bridge at Congi Creek have been completed, the entire length of the new road will be available for traffic. In the Shire of Gilgandra a deviation of 1\ miles was commenced by the Department by direct labour and is nearing completion. The section of approximately 5 miles of the Highway between Uargon Creek and Coonabarabran Shire boundary was commenced and is nearing completion. Gwydir Highway.—In the Municipality of South Grafton and the Shire of Nyrnboida, a continuous length of 5 miles of bitumen penetration pavement, extending westerly from the end of the existing bitumen surface to the western municipal boundary has been carried out. In the Shire of Yallaroi, the reconstruction and completion of an all-weather road from "Warialda westerly has been carried out for a further stage, and is practically complete. The fornoing . of the unformed sections of this Highway in Boomi and Walgett Shires to the. Department's standard section 51 feet wide has been completed. Sturt Highway.-—In Kyeamba Shire,- a commencement was made with the construction of a deviation at Cox's Folly to eliminate a winding section of road. A length of 1,000 feet near Alfredtown was reconstructed to act, as a noodway and a-length of approximately 3 miles was surfaced with bitumen, thus completing the bitumen surfacing of the Highway between Wagga and Alfredtown. In Mitchell Shire, west of Collingullie, all unformed sections totalling approximately 9 J miles in length were formed, and the construction of gravel pavement on lengths totalling approximately 13 miles is nearing completion. These works on completion will provide continuous gravel construction throughout the Shire. In the Shire of Waradgery a deviation 18J miles in length extending from a point 32 miles from; Hay westerly towards Balranald was formed and consolidated and opened to traffic. State Highway No. 15—Yass-Canberra.—In January, 1935, the Department commenced the reconstruction of the full length of the Highway 23 miles 800 feet from the intersection with the Hume Highway, State Highway No. 2, to the Federal Capital boundary near the village of Hall. The reconstruction comprised realignment where necessary, two minor deviations being provided,- widening, super-elevating , to standard, and the provision of reinforced concrete culverts and resheeting with gravel. It is proposed subsequently to commence the laying of a pre-mixed bituminous surface course. Trunk Road No. 51.—The deviation at Bungendore Hill was completed as an Unemployment Relief work, together with the reconstruction of a section of the existing road north of the deviation. The total length of the work was 1 "mile 2,300 feet. Trunk Road No. 59.—In Lockhart Shire approximately 2 miles of formation and 5J miles of gravel pavement were constructed. Two floodways between 10 and 11 miles west of Lockhart and Brookong Creek were reconstructed with pre-mixed gravel and bitumen emulsion surface. Trunk Road No. 60.—In the Shire.of .Waradgery, 10 miles of forming and loaming Were completed oh the Hay to Deniliquin section, thus providing an all-weather road for the section of the Trunk Road in this Shire. Trunk Road No. 64.—A, tar penetration pavement with bitumen seal has been constructed in the Municipality of Casino, a length of 1 mile 4,000 feet being involved. The full length of the Trunk Road in the Municipality has now been surfaced. The reconstruction of the section in Tintenbar Shire between 5 miles 400 feet and 7 miles 3,200 feet west of Ballina, known as the " Ballina Cutting " has been completed with a fine crushed rock surface course. The construction of a 2-inch bitumen penetration pavement between the Pacific Highway and the western boundary of the Municipality of Ballina at Emigrant Creek over a length of approximately 2 miles is in progress. Trunk Road No'. 72.—In Tamarang Shire, on the Quirindi-Gunnedah section, a length 12 miles-l? miles from Quirindi has been formed and gravelled and the necessary pipe culverts constructed. This, length is over black soil which was previously impassable in wet weather. •In Liverpool Plains Shire, a section of 7 miles from the southern Shire boundary towards Gunnedah was formed and gravelled. This is on black soil and forms an extension of the work in Tamarang Shire. . In Namoi Shire from the 6 milepost towards Ballata on the Narrabri-Moree section of the road, a length of 710 chains' was cleared and formed. Main Road No. 129.—In the Shire of Wingadee from Coonamble towards Baradine, f mile of topdressing 6 inches thick was completed- In the same Shire on the Coonamble-Quambone section 2i miles of formation and topdressing with sandy loam 6 inches thick were completed. In Tamarang Shire, on the QuiTindi-Coonabarabran section, a section from 35 miles to 37 miles has been formed and gravelled. This length is in black soil" which previously held up traffic in wet weather. Main Road No. 153.—In the Shire of Woodburn, 3 miles of bitumen penetration pavement between Woodburn and Evans Head have been completed. Main Road No. 254.—In the Shire of Carrathool on the Goolgowi-Hillston section 13 miles of formation, and on the Narrandera-Hillston section, 20 miles"of formation, are being carried out. Main Road No. 278.—The construction of a deviation, as a work for relief of unemployment, on the south side of the Taemas Bridge over the Murrumbidgee River was continued during the year to a point approaching completion. The construction of the deviation will reduce the distance between Wee Jasper and Yass by 3 miles. It is anticipated that work on the deviation will be completed during the second half of the year 1935. , Main Road No. 286.—In the Shire of Dalgety, a length of 2| miles between the Hotel Kosciusko and . Smiggin's Holes was reconstructed, on a new.aligmnent with a pavement consisting of broken stone (granite.) Pacific Highway, S.H. 10. Steel Lift Bridge over North Arm ot Clarence River, Shiro oi Harwood. Pacific Highway, S.H. 10, Shire of Bellingen. Steel Truss Bridge with Concrete Piers and Deck over North Arm of Bellinger River. 43

Main Road No. 323.—-In the Shire of Culcairn ap]>roximately 3f miles of gravel construction, with pipe culverts were completed. Main Road No. 331.—In the Shire of Corecn two lengths totalling approximately 1 mile were gravelled, west of Daysdale, and on the section east of Daysdale 4 miles of formation were completed. In the Shire of Berrigan, 5J miles of formation were completed on the Berrigan Deniliquin section. Main Road No. 333.—On the Warren-Carinda section, 8 miles of road were formed, including 2i miles of eml>anked formation. Three miles of this length were sandy loamed and a further 1J miles wen- cleared. Main Road No. 334.—In the Shire of Cobbora, a length of 3 miles of new formation was built on the Mendooran-Coonabarabran road. Main Road No. 345.- On Main Road No. 345 bet ween (iilgandra and Mendooran. ti miles of formation to Department's Dl type were completed. Main Road No. 347.- In the Shire of Lachlan on the Melrose-Albert-road, Council has formed a length of «J miles, in addition to a numlmr of shorter lengths on other main roads in the Shire.

Bridge Construction. During the year under review the Department has continued the policy adopted in iy32 of meeting the full cost of bridges on State Highways and Trunk Roads and contributing three-quarters of the cost of structures on Main Roads. This increased assistance has been taken advantage of by many Councils and has resulted in a vigorous bridge building programme. As an indication of this increased activity it might be mentioned that during the nine and one-half yearH ending 30th Juno, iy34, 531 bridges of a total length of 48,474 feet were constructed, equivalent to an average of 56 bridges per annum of a length of 5,103 feet, whilst during the year ending 30th June, iy35,101 bridges of a total length of 9,911 feet have been completed. The order of preference in the selection of bridges to be constructed has been :— 1. Replacement of bridges washed away by floods or whore the bridges have been closed to traffic due to their unsafe condition. 2. Replacement of bridges at the end of their useful life. 3. Construction of bridges where none previously existed. In the lastmontioned class art! those bridges which are required to replace ferries, the necessity for which exists primarily on main roads in coastal areas. Generally, these are large structures and the number that can be undertaken is limited according to the funds available. During the year under review new bridges of this major character have, BEEN opened to traffic on the Pacific Highway at Terranora Creek, Shire of Tweed, at Mororo on the north arm of the Clarence River, and at Raleigh on the north arm of the Bellinger River, whilst construction of u bridge over the T\v 1 Kiver at Chinderah is in progress. In addition, surveys have been put in hand for structures to span the Hunter Rivor at Hexham and the Manning River in the vicinity of Taree Tinonee so that these works may be authorised as and when funds permit. In its construction programme the Department makes use of the permanent, types of steel and concreto where foundation conditions are favourable and where the road is in its permanent location. The problem of high abutments in concrete bridges of short sj>ans has been successfully met by the development of concrete framed structures. These bridges are complex in design and somewhat difficult to construct, but their construction has led to marked saving in cost. It is the aim of the Department to keep its bridge design up to date with the practice adopted in other countries and to this end technical literature published abroad is thoroughly investigated. The improvement in appliances for and technique of welding steel has boen the means of further improving the economical design of steel structures. One steel truss bridge of this typo has been fabricated and was in course of erection at 30th June, iy35. Tenders for the supply of several heavy girders of welded construction have been invited. In carrying out its bridge construction policy the Department has kept in mind the need for good road alignment, and with this object in view numerous bridges have been constructed askew to the stream and several have been built on curves. With the increasing importance of road alignment this practice will roquire still closer attention. The expenditure on bridges constructed on country main roads by the Department or Councils during tho year was £161,846, the major works being as follow :— On State Highway No. 1 in Mumbulla Shire the construction of a bridge 505 foot long has been commenced at lirogo River. The piers are of concreto cyclindors sunk to rock and tho main spans are of welded plate girders y5 feet, 115 feet and 95 feet long. The bridge replaces a timber truss and beam bridge which had I n in position for fortv vears ami was washed awav l,v the record flood of Januarv, 1934. On State Highway No. 10 in the Shire of Bellingen the steel and concrete bridge over the North Arm of the Bellinger River at Raleigh has been completed and opened for traffic. This bridge consists of three steel truss spans each 100 foot long anil five reinforced concrete approach spans, the total length being 45y feet. The truss spans aro on concreto cylinders to rock and the others on concrete piles. Tho bridge replaces a ferry service. On State Highway No. 10 in Harwood Shiro tho construction of a reinforced concrete bridge over Shark Creek has been commenced. The total length of the bridge is 151 feet, comprising two short approach H]>ans and a bow-string girder sjtan of 113 feet—the latter being tho first of its kind to be built in Australia. On State Highway No. 10 a bridge over tho North Arm of the Clarence Rivor at Mororo has been completed although temporary tracks aro still in uso over part of the approaches. The total longth of the bridge is 646 feet, and comprises two 120 feet steel trusses, one 56 feet vertical lift span and ton 35 feet approach spans. The lift span is of the same type as that previously erected at Terranora Creek and these two are the first of this type to be.built by this Department. 44

On State Highway No. 10 in the Shire of Tweed construction has commenced on a steel bridge over the Tweed River at Barney's Point. The bridge will be 625 feet long and contain a bascule opening span 63 feet long, two 140 feet steel trusses and eight approach spans. The work will not be completed for about another twelve months and will eliminate the ferry service at Chinderah nearby. On State Highway No. 10 in the Shire of Tweed the bridge over Terranora Creek (Boyd's Bay) has been completed. It comprises a vertical lift span 54 feet long and twelve steel beam approach spans. The bridge replaces a nearby ferry and the approach alignment has been considerably improved. On State Highway No. 12 in the Shire of Walgett, a bridge has been completed over Grawin Creek, an ana-branch of the Barwon River. The bridge is 345 feet long and comprises seven 35 feet approach spans and one 100 feet steel truss. The piers and abutments are of concrete mainly on concrete piles. The deck is of timber but the structure has been designed to take a concrete deck whon traffic warrants its provision. On Trunk Road No. 62 in the Shire of Merriwa, the bridge over Krui River has been completed. This is of concrete 230 feet long and although not large, considerable difficulty was experienced with the foundations, floods causing serious damage on several occasions. On Trunk Road No. 63 in the Municipality of Barraba construction has commenced of a bridge over the Manilla River at Barraba. The structure includes a 100 feet span welded steel truss, this being the first bridge welding of any consequence undertaken by this Department. The bridges completed or under construction during the year, except minor structures, are set out in the following statement:—

ft .Hi Shire or Length No. Municipality. Location. Type ol Structure. Remarks. Feet.

Princri Highway. Central lllawarra ... Byarong Creek.... Reinforced concrete M Replaces a worn-out Umber beam bridge on same site. Work completed. EurobodaUa Noggarula Creek . M ,. Victoria Creek .... 48 Replaces a timber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work completed. Dlgnarn's Creek 224 Replace* a timber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work half completed. Mogo Creek 112 Replaces a worn-out Umber beam bridge. Work lust commenced. Mumt'ULLIT Brogo River ... Welded steel SUIKT- 606 Replaces a timber truss and beam bridge structurc, concrete destroyed by floods. Work lust commenced. piers and abutments. Saltwater Creek ... Reinforced concrete .. 210 Replaces a Umber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work halt completed. Narrabarba Creek 120 | Replaces a Umber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work nearing completion. Bellblrd Creek ... 20 Replaces a Umber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work completed. Hume Highway. 2 Holbrook Blllabong Creek Steel and reinforced con-; 32 1 Replaces a worn-out Umber beam bridge rrete. Much improved alignment. Work com­ pleted. I Little Blllabong Creek Reinforced concrete .. 70 Replaces a worn-out timber beam bridge Work completed. Monaro Highway. Tuinut | Morris (reek ... Reinforced concrete 37 I Replaces an open crossing which frequently held up traffic. Work completed. ilid-Wtaern Highway. Abererombie Dick's Creek.. Steel and reinforced con­ Replaces low-level concrete culvert on bad crete. alignment and uses steel salvaged from Vale Creek Bridge, Bathurst, Work linlf completed. Bland island Creek Timber beam 180 Replaces worn-out bridge of same type. Align­ ment much Improved. Work completed. Korth-Weltrn Highway. Cobban At Mary vale I Reinforced concretel 124 I Replaces open crossing frequently submerged . bridges (2), each 82 feet) Work almost completed. I long.

(treat Northern Highway. Kearsley .. Kaludah Creek Reinforced concrete cul-i 20 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work vert. completed. Cockburn 7-mUe Creek .. Reinforced concrete 60 Replaces worn-out light steel Unas. Worr | half completed.

Pacific Highway. HI Knna I 11 m. 3,200 ft. north of Cos Reinforced concrete 30 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work ford. nearly completed. HI 1-ake Macquarie f mile south of Belmont 27 IN Port Stephens •.••••.!|- Creek Hastings 4 mile north of Port Mac­ 28 10 quarie. „ Cooperabung Creek Timber beam BO 10 At llnrranganyattl SS Kamhucea Watt's Creek Reinforced concrete M Replaces worn-out Umber beam bridge. Work 111 Just commenced. 111 Bellingen Bellinger River at Raleigh. 8tcel and concrete 459 Replaces ferry. Work completed. 10 Orara S. and t'lmarra Swan Creek . Two Umber beam bridges 390 Replace worn-out low-level timber beam IN M. bridge. Alignment much improved and road raised above flood level. Work nearly comploted. 10 Harwood . Shark Creek Reinforced concrete 161 Replaces worn-out and narrow concrete bridge on bad alignment. Work about 20 per cent completed. IN North arm of Clarence River Steel and concrete 046 Replaces ferry. Work almost completed. at Mororo. HI Tweed . Terranora Creek at Boyd's 474 Replaces ferry. Work completed. Bay. IN Tweed River at Barney's 625 Replaces ferry. Work 20 per cent, completed. Point,

^.'.r-a.LV^.M::./-

45

Road Shire or Length No. Municipality. Location. Type of Structure. in Remarks. Feet.

Ozley Highway. Hastings ] Deep Creek Steel "and concrete 220 Replaces worn out timber truss and beam bridge. Work 75 per cent, completed. Apsley Chimney Swamp Creek Reinforced concrete 60 Replaces open crossing. Work completed. Coonabarabran 1 Grcenbah Creek „ 53 „ I Gowang Creek „ 50 W.allumburrnwnng Creek ' ,, 75 Cockburn and Apsleyi Conji Creek j Timber beam 120 Replaces open crossing. Work 20 per cent completed. Gilgandra TTa/gon Creek Replaces open crowing. Work half completed. Gwydir Highway. Yallaroi . Slaughterhouse Creek Reinforced concrete G3 Bells Creek 60 Walgett '. Grawin Creek Steel and reinforced con­ 345 Replaces worn out timbei truss beam bridge. crete. Work completed. Yallaroi . Sawyer's Gully Reinforced concrete 60 Replaces open crossing frequently submerged. Work 25 per cent, completed. Sturt Highway. 14 | Kyeamba I Kyeamba Creek Reinforced concrete 60 I Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work ! just commenced. Trunk Roads. 52 • Yarrow lumla Deep Creek Reinforced concrete 30 Replaces open crossing. Work completed. 52 Jionaro Ingelara Creek 67 52 TH ron Clear Creek .... 86 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge—Work half completed. 54 Cullen's Creek ... Reinforced concrete cut 30 Replaces open crossing. Work completed. vert. 54 Tuena Creek Reinforced concrete 63 Replaces worn-out timber truss bridge. Work completed. 55 Cudgegong Milestone Creek ' 56 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work half completed. ... Talbragar River Two timber beam bridges 175 Replace worn-out timber beam bridge on bad alignment. Work completed. 55 Coolah Binnia Creek ... 120 Replace open crossing frequently submerged. Work half completed. 56 Walgett Cuinberdoon and Shallow 360 Creeks. 56 Goodradigbee Jeir Creek . Three reinforced concrete 158 Replace open crossings frequently submerged. bridges. Work completed. 56 Goonigal Creek Timber beam 60 Replaces open crossing. Work half completed. 56 Baronne Creek 60 56 Long's Corner .. 30 Replaces timber beam bridge destroyed by flood. Work completed. 57 Trigalong Creek Two reinforced concrete 238 Replace open crossing, frequently submerged. bridges. Work completed. 67 Bogan River at Daudaloo . Timber beam 270 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work completed. 67 Wallaroi -. 60 60 40 Replaces crossing, Work 76 per cent. corn- 28i miles from-Deniliqmn pie ted. 61 165 Replaces worn out timber beam bridge. Work Boree Creek at Toogong just commenced. 62 Reinforced concrete 40 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work Middle Brook completed. 62 230 Replaces worn out timber truss and beam Krui R bridge. Work completed. 63 Steel and concrete .. 178 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work Manilla River at Barraba half completed. R

Road i Shire or No. 1 Municipality. Location. Type of Structure.

Ordinary Main Roads—continued. 241 Young Garibaldi Gully ... Reinforced concrete .. Replaces worn-out timber bridge. Work com­ pleted. . 243 Demondrille Demondrille Creek 120 249 Crookwell ... Crookwell Creek ... 65 Reconstruction of- bridge, using' old masonry piers and abutments. Work completed. Gunning Ki'dare Creek Replaces worn-out timber bridge." Work completed. 253 Oberon Condon's Creek at O'Connell. Timber beam 30 261 Wingecarribee Bundanoon Creek Reinforced concrete 50 271 Eurobodalla Moruya River" Timber and.concrete 280- Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. 75 per cent, completed. 272 Muinbulla ... Brockello's Creek Timber beam 60 Replaces open crossing. Work completed. 272 Cutlngee Lake 140 Replacement of portion of bridge washed Timber and concrete away. Work completed. 278 Holbrook Jingellic Creek ... Reinforced concrete 154 Replaces wornjout timber beam bridge. Work completed. 282 Turn bar umba Oiirnie Creek ...... 73 Replaces worn-out timber bridge, closed to traffic. Work 25 per cent, completed. 286 Dalgety Wollindibby Creek 100 Keplaces open crossing frequently submerged. Work completed. 286 Spencer's Creek 100 ,2S6 Bett's Creek 36 286 Guthrie's Creek 22 288 Bibbenluke ... Genoa River....; Timber and concrete 90 Replaces open crossing. Work completed. 288 Burnt Hut Creek Timber beam 60 288 Rock Flat Creek 30 296 Wakool ...... 12£.miles from Mbulamein 50 Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work 'completed. C ill cairn Billabong Creek Reinforced concrete ' 194' Replaces worn-out timber beam bridge. Work 25 per cent, completed. "

Summary of Construction Expenditure. The following is a summary of the work done and expenditure incurred on Construction works carried out by Councils and the Department for the Period 1st July, 1934, to 30th June, 1935.- 1

Length Expenditure Expenditure ! Total Road Class of Construction. Author­ . Carried to during Expenditure Council. No. Location. out by. to ised. 30th June, 1934. 3934/35., 30th June, 193.'-

State Highways. Prince's Highway— Metropolitan Division— ft. , £ 9. d. £ 8: d. , £ s. d. Gerringbng Broughton Creek Concrete bridge Department ' 16 3 7 16 3 7 Bituminous surface 1 17 5 1 17 5 niawarra North Rothery-street Concrete culvert .... - 393 2*8 25 4 11 -,-418 7 7* Hlawarra Central Bvarong Creek Concrete bridge ' ; 1,729 7" 4. • 1,747 5 3 iL7 '17 ii;

Southern Division— TJUadulla Racecourse Creek . Culvert II 12 13 5 ' 12 13 5 Clyde'..... Luncheon Creek . Concrete bridge 2,303 16 11' '238 16 11' , 2,542 13 10* Clyde, Eurobodalla, Coniola Deviation Gravel 1,027 15 9 10,137 4 3 11,165 0 0 Mumbulla, and °! Imlay. Clyde and Euro­ Nowra-Bateman's ,Bay 0 It 2,1579 16 1 20,467 2 3 42,046 18 4 bodalla. Eurobodalla Noggarulla Creek Concreto bridge 368 19 9 ; 368 19 9 Dignam's Crcok 900 14 8 1 900 14 8 Victoria Creek 30 4 10 10 4 10 Imlay WaUagaraiigh River Bridge 1,664 7 9 197 17 8 • 1,862 5 5 Saltwater Creek Concrete bridge 3,327 1 2 ' 3,327 1 2 Bellbird Creek Bridge 782 8 7 179 17 11 962 0 6* Narrababa Creek Concrete bridge )> 2,358 17 5 2,358 17 5 Approaches to Saltwater Formation and culverts 336 5f Sr •' 336 5 8 Creek. Mumbulla Cooper's and Doctor 'b Two timber bridges- .... 2,639 15 -1- - -1 16 5- 2,641 11 G* Creeks. - •' Brogo River Steel concrete bridge .... • • • 5 7 10 5 7 10 Total ... £ 40,315-13 5' Hume Highway— Southern Division— Gunning and Good Minor works G33 Department 307 14 4 939- 2 6 1,246 10 10* radigbce. Deviation at The Gap Formation and gravel ... 2,487 3.3 2,487 3 3 Mulwaree 2 and Intersection Hume and Formation and gravelling 3,372 Council 1,400 0 0 ' 1,400 0 0 Federal Highways. Wingecarribee .. Berrima-Cross Roads Bitumen surfacing .. 0 „ ... 4,120 7 10 64 13 '6t 4,055 14 4* Paddys River to Shire Gravel and bitumen 0 9,931 17 6' • 9,931 17 6* Boundary. • South-western Division— Albury 2 Mate-street ... Bitumen penetration 660 Council 176 9 2 176 9 2 Demondrille and 2 Throuch Stiires Gravel , 2,253 Department. 23,496 19 9 | .. 172 4 8 23,669 4 5* Gundagai. Demondrille Minor Deviations 3,600 746 1 9 6,688 8 -2 7,434 9 11 Between 3 m. 3,600ft.and 2,705 4,705 9 8 4,705 9 8 7 m. 1,025 ft. • Gundagai Gundagai Town 5,100 - ' 4,249 0 4 4,249 0 4 Holbrook Billabong Creek, 3 m. Bridge ' :: :: 1,007' 17 9. ,1,549 16 7 2,557 14 4* 333 ft. Between 8 m. 202 ft. and 1,881 3,582 2 4 1,898 6 10 5,480 9 2 1 Gravel

12 m. 1,555 ft. ; Billabong Creek, at 9 in Concrete bridge » 5 0 9 1,756 11 9 1,7.01 12 6 630 ft. ! Between 6 m. 1,750 ft Formation and gravelling 3,530 2,331 5 11 i 2,331 5 11 and 8 in-. Sandy Creek Two bridges ' 1,089 14 11 : X089 14 11 Various locations Elimination of Vjgutters. 895 3' 5 i 895 3 5 Hume Shire Boimdary-Mullin- Gravel resheeting 2,640 Council 2,3OD' 0 0 1,039 5 2 3,339 5 2 gandra. (a) Formation and gravel 1,845 t ... Tabletop-Albury '." S ling. 5,489 7 9 1 5,489 7 0 1 Boundary. '•' 1 (fi) Bituminous penetra 330 } • tion. Kyeamba Between 9 m. 1,200 ft. Two concrete culverts .. Department 607 10 , 2 - - ' 115: 12 ,4 ! '783 2 6 and 9 m. 4,850 ft.- i Total ... S. 46,850 6 5 47

Length Expenditure Total Road Carried Expenditure Expenditure Council. No. Location. Class of Construction. Author­ out by. to during ised. 30th June, 1034. 1934/35. to 30th June, 1935.

State Highways—continued.

Federal Highway— Southern Division- m. ft. £ s. d. £ s. d. Gunning Village of Collector Gravel deviation , 0 4182 Department 11.0 15 4 1,842 12 5 Mulwaree Willow-tree Creek Reinforced concrete cul­ Council 1,302 7 8 07 15 6 vert. Collector 250 0 0 550 0 0 Total 2,400 7 11

Monaro Highway— Southern Division- Dalgety Between 10 m. 4,640 ft. Concrete box culvert Department 133 8 1 and 11 m. 710 ft. Eucumbenc R.iver '; Concrete bridge 3,303 4 1 283 12 T inlay 3iotwcon Bcgaanrl Tutbra, Tar penetration 3377 16,109 8 1 87 16 Monaro Between O in. and 1 in. Gravel surface course 4082 Council 8,221 16 2 08 O 3,482 ft. and 5 m. 3,060 ft.-O m. 4,260 ft.

South-western Division- Gundagai Various locations Elimination of V-gutters 0 4300 Department and gravel construction. 1,511 15 5 Tit'uut Near Rules Point Pipe culverts , Council 500 0 0 499 2 4 Morris Crock Concrete bridge „ 1,700 0 0 'Near Rules l'oint Culverts and realignment 900 0 0 Various locations Pipe culverts 1,000 0 0 Total 0,183 14 11

Great Western Highway— Metropolitan Division— BathursHa.t.hurst H Yale Creek 4-ft. box culvert Council 500 0 0 60 19 5f Turon 3 in. Bathurst .. Bridge' Department, 1,203 18 10 511 6 6 Various locations Tree planting ... Council 52 15 11 Total

Mid-western Highway— Metropolitan Division— Abercroinbio I 6 Dicks Creek Steel and concrete bridge Department 6G 11 3

South-western Division— Hay Through the town Bitumen surface . 1 220 Department 2,244 0 3 4,880 2 8 Bland Yalgogrin-Weetlialle ... Gravel pavement. 0 3036 Council 5,500 0 0 55 13 11 Bland Creek Timber bridge .... 5 16 11 2,267 11 4 Wyalong Municipal Gravel 3894 2,000 0 0 1,093 1 3 Bonndarv-Wost. Between 45 m. 2.208 ft Six pipe culverts 500 0 0 18 14 6| and 47 in. 2,600 ft. West of West Wyalong... Gravel 3 592 1,000 0 0 Various culverts .. 900 0 0 Carrathool Wah Wah Deviation New construction 300 0 0 Sims Gap and The Gap Concrete culverts Council and 386 11 0 Dam. Department, 120 2 0 Sims Gap Gravel pavement 2 5100 Department. 4,105 6 4 37 19 11 Erigolia-Rankin Springs Formation and culverts 5 4815 3,727 3 11 1,269 10 5 Wakool .... Waradgery Shire Bound­ Formation and grave! . 2 3564 Council 2,250 O 0 514 10 8 ary-West. Waradgery Hay-Carrathool Earth formation 17 204 4,750 0 0 250 0 0

Central Western Division- Blayney East and west approaches Forming and gravelling . 0 4130 Council to town. 1,500 0 0 Lyndhurst Approaches to bridge Formation and gravel ... 1,500 10. 4 near Carcoar. King's Plains Deviation.. Gravel 0 2450 2,500 0 0 Overhead bridge west of Box culvert 425 0 0 Carcoar. Waugoola Miscellaneous small con- Department 302 10 2 704 18 4 •struction jobs. and Council, At 15 m. 78 chs. and 10 Two concrete box culverts Council 551 3 2 m. 46 chs. Wcddin Between 25 in. and 27{ Gravelling and six culverts 2 3168 994 16 0 97 13 6-f m. Groufcll-Marsden Forming and gravelling .. 11 4752 6,161 17 S 70 3 5 Elimination of V-gutters 725 19 0 Total 20,882 18 8

North-western Highway— Metropolitan Division— Abererombie 7 Rocks Creek Concrete bridges Department. 4 16 0 2,394 10 3

Central Western Dit>ision- Molong Reedy Creek Bridge 923 8 8 . 457 7 5 1,380 16 1* Various locations ...... Tree planting Council 26 13 7 26 13 7* Amaroo Canoblas-Molong Gravel 3 616 1,000 ' o 0 2,547 3 1 3,547 3 1* Molong Creek Bridge 320 17 0 320 17 0* Bogan .... Nyngau-Mullengudgery Timber culverts 718 19 11 29 4 0 748 3 11* Canobolas . Shadforth-Lucknoff .. Bitumen penetration . 2 " 2240 7,500 0 0 374 9 3 7,874 9 3* At 148 m. 32 ch Concrete culvert 197 9 3 197 9 3* Cobbora . At 5 in. 1,237 ft. and 5 m Two concrete bridges Department. 2,043 12 1 2,043 12 1 2,924 ft. Martliaguy Nevertirc-Nyngan Gravelling and loaming 6 2442 Council 6,448 15 8 45 15 6f 6,403 0 2* Talbragar . Various locations ... Gravel and elimination of 0 1200 Department. 1,072 3. 3 1,072 3 3 V-gutters. Total ... £ 9,417 1.3 8

67030—1) 48

Length Expend il in c 1 Fx pen d hurt: Total Road Curifed Expenditure Council. Location. Class of Construction. Author­ out- by. to during No. ised. 30th June, 1034.1 3 934-35. to 30th June, 193f

State Highways—continued. New England Highway-—• Lower Northern Division- in ft. £ S. d. £ s. d.. £ s. d. Maitiand West .. Long Bridge - Bridge Department 44 19 6 2,888 9 1. 2,933 S 7 Kearsley West Maitland-Lochinvar Surfacing with bitumen .. 3 3,544 Council 4,440 16 5 604 8 0 5,045 4 5* 3-7 m. north-west oi Two concrete culverts ... „ 500 0 .0 1,250 0 0 1,750 0 0 Maitlaud. Kaludah Creek Concreto bridge Department 527 16 11 527 16 11 Muswellbrook Grasstrec Hill Concrete culvert 97 2 10 410 15 9 507 18 7* Grasstree Hill-Muswell- Bitumen surfacing 5 4,500 „ 800 7 3 11,030 11 4 11,830 18 7 brook. Patrick Plains Village of Camberwell ... Gravelling and culverts ... 0 3,000 533 1 10 716 18 7 1,250 0 5* Branxton-Singleton ... Bitumen surfacing ... 12 1,056 1,275 14 1 1,965 1 11 3,240 16 0* Singleton-Deadman's Bitumen reconstruction .. 3 660 . » 4,255 5 1 4,255 5 1 • Hill. Between 12-3 m. and 13 Pour box culverts and 0 1,750 „ 1,571 6 11 1,571 G 11 m. gravel construction. Patrick Plains and Camberwell Deviation- Gravel 7 240 5,207 19 0 5,207 19 .0 Muswellbrook. Grasstree Hill. Upper Hunter Tin Hut Gully Reinforced concrete cul­ „ 970 17 8 184 11 3 1,155 8 11* vert. At 2 m.-4 m.-4£ m. and Pour reinforced concrete Council 2,000 0 0 70 10 9 2,070 10 9* 6£ m. c nl verts. Aberdeen and Scone ... Gravel 5 2,926 Department. 13,075 16 2 13,075 16 2

Upper Northern Division- Guyra At, 16 m. 1,400 ft. towards Formation and gravelling 0 400 Council 620 13 4 19 S 6t 601 4 10* Glen lnnes. At Severn Shire Bound­ Water-bound macadam ... 0 3,500 „ 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0* ary. At 9 m. 2,960 ft-10 m. Bituminous macadam sur­ „ 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 2,600 ft. face course. From .4-S m., North Bitumen penetration 4 1,980 „ 10,793 10 9 10,793 10 9 Guvra. Kyogle .... Upper Clarence Develop­ Wateibountl macadam ... 4 0 Department. 5,626 9 1 367 0 0 5,993 9 1 mental Works. Severn At 21) m. towards Glen Concrete box culvert Counci! 700 0 0 700 0 0 Tnnes. Tehterilold. Old Koreelah-Wooden- Waterbound macadam ... 11 2,910 Department. 62,919 ' 9 5 1,254 17 1 64,174 6 6* bong. IS 1 Tooloom Creek Timber beam bridge 1.157 67 9 9 1,225 7 1.0* Concrete culvert- Council 650 0 0 44 9 8 694 9 8* At 13 m Gravel pavement i) 3,300 Department 2,047 9 S 16,913 12 7 18,961. 3 Oakev Creek-Legume ... Reinforced concrete cut Council 868 5 3 868 5 3 At 27i m. towards Glen vert. Junes. Concrete culverts 875 0 0 207 0 6 1,082 0 G At 29 m. and 21£ m- ••• Nortlt-ivcstern Division— Tainworth At li- m. towards Armi- Two culverts Council 221 18 6 221 18 G dale. Cockburn ..... 18m. north of Tamwortli Concrete culvert 1,577 9 7 5 0 ot 1,572 9 7 Moonbi-North Boundary Formation and gravelling 3 3,561 1,763 7 2 6,900 0 0 8,663 7 2 Tintenbul Concrete bridge Department. 3 0 10 3 0 10 At23£ m.p Concrete box culvert and Council 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 approaches. Dumaresq Between 6 m. 30 chs. and Bitumen 3 4,290 1,370 0 0 258 9 1 1,628 9 1* 10 m. 15 civ*. Peel 9 Boiling Down Creek ... Ti mber beam bridgo 1,462 6 6 43 15 10 1,506 2 4* 9 At 7-86 m., 13-2 m., and Formation and concrete 0 1,330 855 13 6 855 13 6* 17-18 in. culverts. Tannirang 9 Various locations Culverts and causeways .. 1,000 0 0 1,213 0 0 2,213 0 0 9 Near Colly Creek Forming and gravelling ... 0 3,800 1,513 15 0 202 8 11 1,716 3 11* 9 Through Shire Earth formation 8 3,828 500 0 0 1,000 0 0 1,500 0 0 9 Between 40-1 m.-40| m. Formation and gravel ... 1 319 „ • .-• 1,500 0 0 1,500 0 0 and 36i m.—36£ m. Warrah 9 Willow-tree-North Gravel 1 954 ,, 2,234 12 6 2,234 12 6 Boundary. Total ... £ 93,384 7 0

Pacific Highway- Jj)wer Northern Division- Hamilton Broadmcadow Junction Asphaltic concrete 0 542 Department. 2,720 4 7 2,720 4 7 Hamilton and Islington Overbridge ... Council 200 0 0 200 0 0 Wickhani. Raleigh Steel and concreto bridges Department. 4,080 7 8 14,984 10 4 19,064 18 0 Bellingen ...... McGrath's Creek Two timber bridges Council 1,261 17 1 41 0 8 1,302 17 '.)* Long Cutting, 3 m. south Grave! ' 1 20 „ 3,500 0 0 3,500 0 0 "Urunga. Between Urunga and Formation and gravelling ,,, 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0 Raleigh. Erina Bangalow and Outrock Two concrete bridges ,, 3,052 15 1 119 14 0 3,172 9 1* Creeks. 1 2* Kaugy Creek Concrete bridge 1,044 9 7 94 11 7 1,139 Wyoming-road Deviation 1 1,316 Department 2,859 19 5 8,967 4 1 11,827 3 G Tuggerah Deviation Gravel pavement 0 2,967 274 10 1 274 10 1 Gravel 192 1 3 192 1 3 North Gosford Concrete bridge and gravel approach. 2 15 8 2 15 8 Gloucester 6 m. 36 clis. south of Concrete bridge „ Gloucester. 5* Hastings Passion-frait Creek Concrete culvert 798 1 4 621 11 1 1,419 12 3 j m. north of Port Mac­ Concrete bridge „ 418 0 8 418 0 8 quarie. 147 0 0 147 0 0 Cooperabung Creek ...... Bridgo Lake Macquarie Swansea-Bel uiont Bitumen reconstruction 12 2,640 3,525 7 7 6,350 6 7 9,875 14 2 £ m. south of Belmont ... Concreto bridge 5 16 8 610 8 7 616 5 3* Macleay Christmas Creek Timber bridge 994 18 5 140 16 10 1,135 15 3* 1 in. south of Barran- 1,111 2 11 1,111 2 11 ganyatti. 6 3 8 6 3 8 Frederiekton Swamp .. Two concrete culverts ... 21,849 19 11 Manning Coopernook Concrete and steel bridge- 20,055 V> 1 1,794 7 10 Middle Kundibakh Concrete bridge 3,565 19 7 418 5 G 3,984 5 1* North of TaTee Regrading and realign­ Council 336 11 2 336 11 2* ment. Taree to Ghinni Ghinni Formation -and gravelling 3 1,056 5,000 0 0 5,000 0 0 Bridge. Nanibuc.ca Watts Creek Concrete bridge 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Port Stephens North of Raymond Ter­ Rock surface course and Department. 937 17 5 14 10 8,766 12 3 race. culverts. Nine-mil Creek Concrete bridge 930 11 4 930 11 4 Slioud Lamau's Creek Timber bridge Council 1,000 0 0 335 14 7 1,335 1.4 7* Double Creek Two reinforced concrete Department 2,322 13 6 172 18 10 2,495 12 4 bridges.

Completed works. t Credit. 49

Expenditure Total Road Length Carried Expenditure Expenditure Council. No. Location. Class of Construction. Author­ out by. to during to ised. 30th June, 1934. 1934-35. 30th June, 1935

State Highways—continued. nr. ft. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Upper Northern Division— Ballina 10 Burns Point Ferry Cement concrete 0 3471 6,600 0 0 500 10 7 7,100 1.0 7* Maclean 10 Ashby-streot Penetration macadam sur­ 3,820 0 0 15 10 4 1,835 10 4* face course. 0 2091 Mullunibimby ...... 10 Burnngbar-slrcet Widening railway gates .. Railway 38 0 0 38 0 0* Department. TJImarra 10 Swan Creek Two timber bridges Department. 8 8 4 4,398 12 7 4,407- 0 11 Approaches to Swan Gravel 586 1 9 580 1 9 „ IO Creek. 0 502 Between 1G in. and 17 in. Bitumen penetration Council 4,300 0 0 398 11 10 4,098 11 10* Byron - 1° from BaUiua. 0 5207 Everitts Hill Deviation.. Fine crushed rock surface 1,000 0 0 3,132 2 10 4,332 • 2 10 10 con rse. 0 4153 Between 0 ni. 1,000 ft Gravel pavement 3,350 0 0 425 19 9 3,775 19 9* Dorrigo 1° and 1 in. 1,875 ft. 1 G98 10 At 9-9 m. and 11J in. .. Two concreto culverts .. 525 0 0 27 8 1 552 8 1* Shark Creek Concrete bridgo Department 892 19 5 892 19 5 Harwood 10 Clarence River, atMoToro Steel and concrete bridge. G,887 5 6 15,818 4 8 22,705 10 2 Dirty Creek Deviation .. Gravel 1 2G40 1,796 17 8 5,866 19 11 7,663 17 7 Orara 10 Dirty Creek, 1 m. 1,87; 1 125 812 2 812 2 2 ft. to 2 in. 2,000 ft. Orara and Dorrigo 10 At 4 m. 52 clis. south .. Bitumen penetration .. 0 825 Council 850 10 0 45 10 6 800 0 6* Construction five devia Watcrbuimd macadam ..J 0 5218 3,800 0 0 3,800 0 0 Tiulcnbar 10 tions. Boyd's Bay-Tcrranora Bridge (concrete and steel)1 Department. 10,097 18 5 3,087 11 1 13,185 9 6 Tweed 1° Greek. 10 Chindorah-Boyd's Bay . Bitumen penetration Council 4,797 16 6 3 83 39 9t 4,613 10 0 Barney's Point, Deviation and steet and Department.! 7,796 5 0 9,590 10 6 17,386 15 0 10 concrete bridg Deviation and Motor-by Bitumen penetration Council 388 13 11 38S 13 11 10 Pass at Queensland Border. 11 Burringbar-Dunbiblo Gravel Department. ' 3,755 19 6 19,146 13 4 22,902 12 10 Approaches to Barney's 2,643 4 11 2,643 4 11 10 Point Bridge. Fine crushed rock Burringbar-Crabbes Gravel 753 1 5 753 1 5 ;; 10 Creek. Murwillumbah- Broken stone Council 1,000 12 0 1,000 12 0 10 Burrina bar. Monti's and Everson's Timber bridges 953 9 5 G - 7 11 959 17 4* 10 Creeks. 6 •> 15 11 0 3,755 17 2* Woodburn 10 Oakey Creek Broken sandstone 3,740 At 1 in. 1 ch. and 18 m Concrete culverts • 554 4 0 2G 15 OT 527 9 0* 79 chs. 10 16 3,382 16 At 7 in. G7 chs., Wood- Culvert 1,382 5 5* ;; 10 biini.-Ba.llin a. At 1 m. 35 chs., Wood- Concrete box culvert . 288 3 10 288 3 10* :io burn-Ballina. At 9iu. 50 chs., Wood- 516 13 9 516 13 9* 10 burn-BaUiiia. Between 18 m. 4,100 ft, Formation and two con­ 0 1900 500 0 0 755 3 7 1,255 3 7 10 ami 19 ni. 080 It. crete culverts.

„ IO Total ... £ 130,442 10 0 Oxley Highway— _ _ ],ower Northern Division— Hastings 11 Deep Creek. Concrete bridge Department. 1,987 0 0 1,689 11 7 3,670 11 7

Central Western Division— Oilgaiidra 11 Berida Deviation Gravel and causeways ... 4 1252 Council 4,039 W 4 44 0 7 4,083 9 VI* 11 Marthaguy Creek — Timber bridge 3,132 9 6 9 8 11 1,HL 18 5 Approaches to bridge in 0" 3300 1,153 0 10 5 0 0 1,158 6 10 „ " Gilgandra. Gravel Toorawcenah Deviation 7 2942 Department. 4,825 0 6 4,825 0 6 Uargon Greek Timber bridgo 506 9 6 506 9 6 Gilga ndra-Tooraweenah Formation 570 Council 1,747 O 7 1,747 0 7 Coonabarabran -Uargon Gravel 4380 Department. 8,634 8 1 8,634 8 1 1 = i Creek

North-western Division— Apsley 11 Tobin's Creek-Yarrow Gravel pavement- Department 73,255 10 7 644 1 8 73,899 32 3 itch. ••• 11 Tiara Creek and Black Timber bridges Council 3,432 12 5 37 11 0 1,470 -3 5 fellows Gully. , 11 Approaches Tiara Creek Gravel 0 3306 i, 1,100 0 0 96 17 10 1,196 17 10 Bridge. | , 11 Chimney Swamp Creek .. Concrete bridge Department. 437 3 3 1 603 1,041 5 2 Bendemeer-Walcha-road ; Formation and gravel 1G0 9,049 12 9 32,731 41,780 19 6 Cockburn 11 pavement. Congi Creek ' Timber beam bridge tr 3 0 3 3 0 3 „ n 56 36,23 2 19 6 Ooonabarabran-Toora- Formation and gravel ... 7"'l398 16,150 14 4 Coonabarabran ... 11 weenah. Council Belai: Creek Timber bridge 2,437 17 1 441 2,879 14 8" 11 Gowang Creek Two concrete bridges ... Department, 2,040 4 5 921 2,967 8 2 11 1 7,500 0 0 132 7,032 15 4 11 Coonabarabran-Toora- Gravel 2 2930 weenah, section 5. ii 11 Wallumburrawang Creek Concrete bridge 999 1,629 10 6" At 5J ni. and 7i in. west Two reinforced concrete Council 975 4 6 975 4 6 11 of Coonabarabran. i box culverts. Between 39 m. 20 chs.1 Culverts 19 7 562 19 7 'Liverpool Plains ... 11 and 41 in. 50 chs. I At 2G m. 17 chs. and 30 374 12 S 374 12 8 ... 11 m. 47 ch?. I At 23 in. 77 chs. and 40 Pipe culverts ' 360 0 0 360- 0 0 ... 11 m. 40 clis. ! Between 14-7 m, and 24-1 Box culverts 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Peel 11 Total 57,401 16 2

Gwydir Highway— Upper Northern Division- Glen lnnes 12 Railway Gates-Boundary Bituminous macadam .. 1 330 Council 1,000 0 0 1,354 13 2 2,354 13 2 Ferguson-street Widening level crossing .. Railway 26 0 0 20 0 0" ». 12 Department Cowan-strcct Bituminous macadam 0 5203 Council 2,700 0 80 5 10 2,780 5 JO" Grafton South 12 At 22£ in. from Inverell.. Concrete culvert 850 0 24 3 9 874 3 9" Macintvrc 3 2 At 21 ni. 25 chs. towards Uoncrete box culvert . 800 0 0 800 0 0 Glen lnnes. i 12

* Completed works. t Credit. 50

Total Road Length Expenditure Expenditure Council. Location. Class of Construction. Author­ Carried to during expenditure Wo. ised. out by. 30th June, 1934. to 1934-35. 30th June, 1935.

State Highways—continued.

Upper Northern Division— m. ft. £ B. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Nymboida South Grafton-Glen Bitumen penetration Council 5,000 0 0 8,847 11 10* lnnes. 3 2970 3,847 11 10 Miscellaneous small con- 1,189 18 2* stuction jobs. 1,189 18 '2 At 51-35 m.-51-8 m.- Four culverts 900 0 0 1,013 8 10* 54-51 in. and 62-93 m. 113 8 10 Yallaroi Between 2-J in. and 23£ Gravel pavement and con­ 2000 9,080 15 1 11,937 6 10 m. crete culverts. 2,856 11 9 Various sections Gravel -. 3787 3,863 0 0 3,863 0 0 Slaughterhouse Creek ... Concrete bridge Department 4 12 1 4 12 1 Bells Creek Bridge 3 14 0 3 14 0 Nortk-tvestem Division— Buoml . Morec-Western Boundary Gravel 2 3234 Council 2,900 0 0 1,800 0 0 4,700 0 O Walgett Grawin Creek Steel and timber bridge .. Department. 6,797 18 2 3,827 19 11 10,625 18 1 Coliarenebri-Pokataroo .. Gravel 5" 2640 Council 7,873 2 10 24 16 0 7,897 18 10* At 24 m. from Colla- Timber beam bridge 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 roncbri. Total 20,822 15 4

Sturt Highway— South-western Division— Kyeamba Wagga-Alfred-town Tar penetration 2 2640 Department. 4,471 6 3 1,717 12 5 6,188 18 8 it Cox's Folly Gravel 0 5086 991 4 11 991 4 11 Bridge and gravel ap­ 0 900 308 1 2 308 1 2 ?> Kyeamba Creek proaches. Gravel 11 2490 3,577 18 5 3,577 18 5 Mitchell Various locations .. Culverts to eliminate " V ' 484 11 7 484 11 7 gutters. Heat treatment 561 9 5 561 9 5 Yanco .. Within the shire .. Total ... £ 7,640 17 11

Yass-Canberra-road Southern Division- Yass, Goodragidbea Yass-Canberra Premixed bituminous 23 400 Department, 13,199 6 9 13,199 6 9 and Yarrowlumla macadam. Total, All Highways £ 455,505 11 2

Trunk and Ordinary Main Roads.

Metropolitan Division— Illawarra Central 295 Five Islands road Premixed bituminous Department. 9,350 11 10 3,341 16 10 macadam. Oberon 256 Condons Creek , Timber bridge Council ... 770 7 Colo 181 ArarioUS locations ... Five pipe culverts 309 0 Cudgegong and 216 Green Valley Creek Concrete bridge Department. 546 16 Turon. Turon 54 Clear Creek Concrete bridge Council 1,400 0 Wyaldra 55 Talbragar River Timber bridges 2,043 11 55 Black Bull Creek Reinforced box culvert. 275 10 Total .. £ $,687 2 11

Southern Division— Queanbeyan and Bungendore Hill Gravel 1 2640 Department. 4,449 8 10 4,420 10 0 Yarrowlumla. Bibbenluke Genoa River Timber bridge „ 1,432 7 6 288 Rock Flat Creek 650 17 11 288 Burnt Hut Creek 1,154 3 4 Crookwell 54 Cullens Creek ... Reinforced concrete Council ... 605 15 1 .bridge. 249 Crookwell 705 11 10 54 Tuena Creek Bridge Department. 533 7 5 2,318 13 11 Dalgety 286 Wollondibby Creek .. Concrete bridge 4 19 8 286 Spencer's, Betts', and Concrete bridges 2,097 15 7 Guthrie's Creeks. 349 6 Eurobodalla 271 Barrett's Creek Reinforced concrete arch 1,036 14 3 bridge. 1,893 1 » 271 Mbruya River Reinforced concrete and 543 4 9 timber bridge. 4,002 4 Goodradigbei 56 Jier Creek .... Three reinforced concrete 127 14 0 bridges. 7 1 56 & Miscellaneous small con­ Council 555 16 4 243 struction jobs. 56 McCtung's Creek Reinforced concrete cul 759 vert. Approacl. Tacmas Gravel pavement 2 4110 Department. 5,454 15 10 24,455 H Bridge. Gunning... 251 Kilclare Creek ... Concrete bridge 1,241 Monaro ... 52 Ingaiara Creek ... Council 1,555 Miilwaree Wollondiltv lliver Reinforced concrete Department 4,1.89 19 4 763 bridge. 251 Sandy Creek Timber bridae Council , 108 15 0 256 Xennlore Improve level crossing Railway 141 3 4 Department Mumbulla and Wallaga Lake -Bermagui Gravel 1 0 3640 Council 773 12 0 Eurobodalla. Mumbulla 272 Brockclo's Creek Timber beam bridge 634 2 2 Cuttagee Lake ., Timber beam bridge on Department. 1,788 272 concrete piers. 3 10 Murrungal 248 BuiTowa River .... Concrete bridge Council 2,466 6 3 182 7 11 Wingecarriboe 263 Johnstone's Creek Timber bridge 249 15 0 2 4 8 261. Bundanoon Creek Reinforced concrete. - 551 5 0 bridge. Yarrowlumla. Deep Creek. Concrete bridge 705 10 0 67 2 9 Total ... 9. 53,315 3 10

* Completed works. t Credit. 51

Length Expenditure Expenditure Total Road Carried Expenditure Council. Location. Class of Construction. Author­ to during No. ised. out by. 30th June, 1934. 1934-35. to 30th June, 1935

Trunk and Ordinary Main Roads- -continued, Lower Northern Division— ft. £ s. d. £ 8. d. £ s. d. Newcastle and 1( Two new ferry docks Department 13,914 17 5 1,851 5 1 15,760 2 6 Stockton. Wallsend .. 217 Thomas-street Concrete bridge 376 4 10 1,170 10 4 • 1,552 15 2" Winghant 192 Miscellaneous small Council 402 2 4 402 <> 4* sfcruction works. Bellingen 119 Dorrigo Mountain road .. Bitumen surtace 48 0 1 48 0 1* 119 Boggy Creek, No. 3 Timber bridge 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 119 „ ' No. 2 Concrete culvert ,, 294 17 4 294 17 ,4 Erina' 225 Spencer-Greengrove Shale surfacing Department 3,440 12 5 1,401 13 8 4,842 0 1 225 Mangrove Creek Two timber bridges 3,119 1 7 1,317 5 9 4,436 7 4 225 Bedlam and Ironbark » 1,774 10 0 294 13 5 2,069 3 5 Creeks. 225 Mr. W. K. Dakell'„ Provision of access Council 13 13 6 13 13 6 property. 225 Oystershcll-Grcengrove Construction in gravel and 0 2505 Department 297 18 5t 2,968 10 10 2,668 12 5* timber bridge. 225 Dinner Creek Concreto and timber „ 1,142 2 5 1,142 2 5* bridge. Kearsley 220 Black Creek Timber bridge Council 1,321 15 11 158 9 10 1,480 5 9* 218 "Weft Maitland -Cessnock Gravel with lor surfr.ee .. 8 631 11,000 0 0 11,000 0 0* 218 Woliombi Creek Timber bridge Department 20 16 8 6,466 19 3 6,487 15 11 Lake Macquarie 223 Boolaroo-Tor,mto Tar surfacing 0 '4900 Council 4,430 7 2 127 11 2 4,557 IS 4* 223 At 3,778 ft.-Toronto ... Concrete bridge ,, 500 0 0 99 14 2 599 14 2* 198 Macleay Spencer's Creek Timber and steel bridge . ,, 1,794 0 0 476 12 3 2,270 12 3 198 Spenrer's Creek, :it Per- Bridge „ 1,500 0 0 1,500 O 0 rett's. 116 Deep Creek Timber bridge 750 0 0 750 0 0 Manning 109 Bobin Creek 121 1 8 4 0 0 125 1 S* Maniung and Stroud 110 Wang Wank lliver Concrete bridge Department 1,170 9 7 1,170 9 7 Merriwa 214 Sawpit Creek Timber beam bridge .. Council 300 0 0 56 17 2 35G 17 2* 02 Krui "River Concrete bridge Department 3,165 9 3 4,685 7 2 7,850 10 5 02 Morriwa-Hall's Creek ... .Fencing alterations Council 58 7 0 87 0 0 145 7 0* Muswellbrook 231 Mcrton's Crossing Timber bridge ,, 138 0 1.0 2 13 l't 135 7 9* 209 Denman Creek Timber beam bridge .. ,, 267 10 6 267 10 0* PatrickPlains 181 Monkey Place Two timber bridges .. 1, 750 0 0 3 00 0 0 850 0 0 213 Hunter llivor Timber beam bridge .. 750 0 0 750 ,0 0 Stroud 110 Myall River Concreto and steel bridge 104 Department 4,132 8 6 54 16 3 4,187 9* Tarro .. Miscellaneous small con Council 172 10 0 13 6 5t 159 3 7* struction jobs. Upper Hunter 62 Middle Brook Reinforced concrete a 3,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 bridge. Wallarobba ... 101 Cangon Creek Timber bridgo 245 6 6 245 6 6 128 Pound Crossing, Bridge 7> 937 10 0 937 10 0 Gresford. Total ... £ 41,830 19 1

Upper Northern Division— Ballina 04 Between S.H. 10 and Bitumen penetration Council 3,233 6 8 3,233 6 8 Emigrant Creek Bridge Ashford and Severn BeaTdv River Timber beam bridges and 500 0 0 500 0 0 138 approaches. Bannockburn . 134. Myall Creek H einf orced concrete 1,800 0 0 " 1,800 0 0 bridge. Copmanhurst . 151 Two-mile Creek Timber bridge „ 485 0 0 20 7 1 505 7 1* 150 Erection of tree guards ... 41 0 0 41 0 0* Gundurimba . 147 Between 12 and 15 m.p. Sandstone metal 990 993 11 0 0 7 at 993 3 9* 147 Miscellaneous small con­ 24 IS 9 31 11 9 50 10 6* struction jobs. Gwydir .. 63 H all's Creek Bridge Department. 2,008 5 0 2,008 5 0* Bar wood 151 Deviation in town of Formation 0 1045 Council 100 0 0 132 15 10 232 15 10 Lawrence. 152 Palmer's Island Forming and gravelling 0 1650 213 9 2 213 9 2* Kyogle .... 140 Upper Clarence Develop Gravel 13 3006 Department. 72,882 7 9 1,776 19 4 74,659 7 1 mental Works. 141 Back Creek Deviation ... Gravelling 3000 Council ... 525 0 0 57 4 6 582 4 6* Nymboida 121 Horton's Creek Timber bridge u 500 0 0 113 0 7 613 6 7* 119 Perrett's Pinch Deviation Gravel • "422 a 268 16 9 268 36 9* Harwood . 152 llomiaka Channel .... Concrete bridge Department. 48 7 5 48 7 5 Terania .... 146 Wilson's Creek Timber beam bridge . Council 1,500 0 0 560 0 0 2,060 0 0* 141 Nimbin-Kyogle Gravel 2 5100 Department. 6,863 3 6 16,976 7 10 22,839 11 4 142 Calico Creek Four concrete culverts Council 800 O 0 900 0 0 1,700 0 0 Tenterfield. 64 Barnoy's Downs Creek Timber bridge i, ' 2,134 1 4 2,134 1 4 138 Reedy Creek Timber beam bridge ,t 800 0 0 545 16 6 1,345 16 6* 64 Little Ti-treo Creek .... Concrete culvert ... 867 14 2 807 14 2* Tintonbar 64 Between 5 and 8 m.p. . Crushed rock course 7,350 0 0 1,41.5 5 4 8,765 5 4* Tomki ... 149 Oakoy Creek Tliree-span low-level „ 1,560 0 0 1,560 0 0 bridge. 151 Deep Creek Timber beam bridge 1,342 8 6 1,342 8 0 Tweed .... 142 Graveyard Creek Concrete bridgo 300 0 0 243 S 7 543 8 7* Woodburn 143 South Woodburn-Evans Tar penetration 3,650 0 0 3,650 0 0 Head. Total ... £ 40,440 5 1

South-western Division—• Young 239 Reconstruction at 141 Tar surfacing Council ... 1,000 0 0 350 0 0 1,350 0 0 chs. 241 Garibaldi Gully Concrete bridge Department. 1.020 11 0 1,020 11 0 Young and Burran 238 Maori Gully , Concrete culvert ,1 '566 10 2 566 10 2 gong. Carrathool 224, Formation, gravelling, and 37 132 Council 1,898 19 11 1,898 19 11 254, loaming. 257, and 321. 244, Formation and loaming 696 12 5 98 19 lit 597 12 6* 254, 257, and 321. 244, Miscellaneous small con­ 549 16 9 80 19 9 630 16 6 254, struction jobs. 257, and 321. Coolamon ... 240 Mirrool Creek Concrete bridge 1,788 17 11 90 14 8 1,879 12 7* Demondrille 239, Culverts..; „ 309 0 0 309 0 0* 243, and 322. 243 Demondrille Creek Concrete bridge 2,200 0 0 634 2 0 2,834 2 0* Holbrook 278 Jingellic Creek Department. 4 3 11 4,066 3 8 4,070 7 7 278 Between 36 ro.20 0 ft. and Box culverts and gravelled Council 150 0 0 150 0 0 1,500 ft. . approaches.

t Completed works 52

Total Road Length Carried Expenditure Expenditure Council. Location. Class of Construction.. Author­ to during Expenditure No. ised. out by. 30th June, 1934. 1934-35. to 30th June, 1935.

Trunk and Ordinary Main Roads—continued. South Western Divvdon- ft. £ ?. d. £ s. d. Kume 125 Four-mile Creek Concrete culvert and 192 Council 200 0 0 400 0 0 formation. Jindalcc 242 Dry and Bland Creeks .. Concrete culverts 750 0 O 53 12 1 803 12 1* 236 Skillion Hut and Duda- 700 0 0 34 14 2 734 14 2* mon Creeks. Lockhart .. 210 Egan's Creek Concrete culvert 532 3 40 2 6 572 5 31* Narraburra 241 Bland Creek Concrete bridge 1,465 2 98 15 11 1,503 18 3* 57 Trigalong Creek 4,521 3 3 3 4,521 13 3* Tumbarumba 282 Horse Creek 1,200 0 351 14 4 1,351 34 4* 278 & Miscellaneous small con­ 174 19 155 4 2 330 3 11* 282. struction jobs. 282 Ournie Creek Concrete bridge 400 0 O 400 0 0 Tirana and Lock­ 125 Lake Uranagong Formation and gravelling 520 350 0 0 350 0 0 hart. Wakool 226, Miscellaneous small con­ 1,355 17 0 229 3 1 1,585 0 1* 296, struction jobs. and 319. 221 Flood channel at 0 m. Timber beam bridge 400 0 0 131 30 11 531 30 11* 25 Chs. 319 Wakool River 1,100 0 0 122 31 2 1,222 11 2* 319 Niemur River 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 O 319 At 5 m. 53 chs. and 5 m Timber bridges 850 O 0 850 0 0 57 chs. from Barham. 221 Genoe Creek 393 17 9 398 17 9 296 Between 25 m. 60 clis. Clearing, gravelling, and 900 0.0 900 0-0 and 28 m. 65 chs. culverts. Windouran 296 & Miscellaneous small con­ 2 2838 367 6 2 0 3 30 367 30 0* 319. struction works. 60 Moama-Booligal Timber bridge 300 0 0 300 0 0 Wade 254 Western end of Griffith. Forming and gravelling... 0 1710 95 5 0 95 5 0 Yanco 243 * Various locations 2 2904 InO 0 0 3 74 10 0 324 10 0* 229. Total 19,275 19 5

Central Western Divi&ion- Blayney 245 Blayney-Orange Erection tree guards .... Council 85 7 85 7 0 Parkes . 56 Railway Crossing Six-cell concrete culvert Department, 542 10 542 10 0 Ainaroo . 233 Little River Concrete bridge Council 3.223 10 0 59] 3 5 3,835 5 9 61 At 14J- m.p Three-cell concrete culvert 250 0 0 319 15 569 35 8 Boree 224 Boree Creek Concrete bridge De partnient. 2 6 11 4,058 15 4,061 2 3 61 Long's Corner Timber beam bridge .. Council 1,000 0 0 14 16 985 3 8 61 Long's Gully 400 0 0 509 10 909 30 2 Canobolas 237 & At 12 m. 13 chs.-9 m; I Concrete culverts 900 0 0 229 37 3.129 17 245. chs. and 14 in. 48 clis. Goobang 233 Back Goobang Creek .. Timber bridge i 948 9 9 5 6 953 16 56 Parkes-J'cak Hill Four concrete culverts 2,262 0 2,262 0 Jemalona 56 Goonigal Creek Timber bridge 1,095 37 3,095 17 Lachlan 230 Yfnllaroi Creek 1,687 10 3,687 30 57 200 0 0 900 0 3,100 0 57 Humbug Creek Bridge 1,500 0 1,500 0 3,765 31 Marthaguy .. 202 Sandy Creek ... Timber bridge 0* 12 3 3,766 4 Timbrebougie and 57 Bogan River ... 3,317 5 3,317 5 Lachlan, Wingadce 56 Baronnc Creek .. 3.000 0 0 87 7 5 1,087 7 r.* 129 Nebea Creek ..... 857 37 4 10 13 If 847 4 3 129 Teridgerie Creek 1.500 0 0 431 1 0 1,031 1 0 205 Saltbush Gully .. '200 0 0 291 11 0 491 31 0 Total ... £ 21.655 12 11 North-western Division- Barraba 63 Manilla River Steel and concrete bridge. Department. 2,685 9 3 2,685 9 3 Quirindi 129 Quirindi Creek Concrete bridge 4 1 2 4 1 2 Cockburn 105 At 10£ m. and 15 m.p Two deviations Council 3<>4 7 4 354 7 4 Coolah 62 Between Croppy and Forming and gravelling .. 756 1 9 756 1 9 Turee Creeks. 62 ,500 0 0 500 0 0 55 lib m. from Coolah Concrete culvert 400 17 0 400 17 6 Liverpool Plains 126 Brceza Plains Gravelling 705 0 0 30 30 0 735 10 0* 357 Brady's Lane Formation and gravelling 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 72 Breeza Level Crossing .. Namoi 126 Coghill Creek Timber beam bridge 2,077 10 11 327 3 4 2,205 0 3* 127 Spring Creek 807 0 0 13 15 1 820 15 1* 127 Brigalow Creek 1.000 0 0 109 11 10 1,109 11 10* 72,127 Various locations Clearing, forming, and cul­ 27 2640 1,000 0 0 2,586 10 0 3,580 10 0 & 133. verts. 72 Bullawa Creek ..... Timber bridge 3,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Peel 330 Gurrabubula Creek 21 17 2 632 5 2* 130 Sand> GnMy Reinforced concrete 3,003 37 2 1,003 3 7 •-> bridge. 130 Gully in Currabubula Concrete box culvert . 667 17 2 067 17 2 Township. Tamarang 129 Mooki River Timber beam bridge . 1,250 0 0 53 3.8 3 1,303 18 3* 72 & Various locations Gravelling 6 1.980 500 0 0 1,673 6 8 2,173 6 8* 129. 130 Quipolly Creek Timber beam bridge 838 ' 5 9 818 5 9 72 At 2 m. 50 clis Three pipe culverts 129 Between 38£ m. and 421 Formation, gravelling, and 500 0 0 500 0 0 in. drainage. Walgett 56, Various locations Earth formation -10 264 500 0 0 1,211 18 0 1,711 18 0* 123, 127, and 339. 56 Shallow and Cumberdoon Timber bridges 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0 Creeks. 56, Various locations Formation and culverts 800 0 0 800 0 0 127, and 333. Total 18,299 Total—Main and Trunk Roads Total—All Roads 703.979 11 2 059,030 3 10 3,362,989 13 0

Sundry small works 1,493 6 3 1,493 0 1 Commission paid in terms of section 42 of the Main Road? Act 5,635 5 0 5,635 5 0 Surveys, supervision and design, including design for Councils' works 445,240 16 0 49.861 18 6 495,108 14 6 Acquisition of land for widening ' 75.739 8 5 5,047 0 3 83,386 14 8 Expenditure on works completed prior to 1st July, 1934, shown in previous reports 4.328,070 36 3 and not listed above 4,328,070 16' 3 Grand Total as per Income and Expenditure Account on page 29. 5,553,636 11 10 •23,64-7 17 6.275,284 9 6

Completed works. t Credits. 53

PART IV.—DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS FUND.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE. The Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet of the Developmental Roads Fund are set out hereunder. The operations of the fund for the year may be summarised in the following manner :— £ Cash on hand at commencement of year (l-7-34i 52,300 Add Income for the year 265,700

318,000 Add Net fluctuation in assets and liabilities 30-6-34 as compared with 30-6-35 ...... 11,046

329,046 Deduct Expenditure for the year 328,446

Cash on hand at end of year (30-6-35) 600

When the year closed the Department's balance of commitments for construction works in progress was £202,425- • •

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDING 30TH JUNE, 1935.

Expenditure. Income.

30th June, .1935— s. d. 30th June, 3935— £ s. d. To Construction of Developmental Roads— By Transfer from the Country Main Roads Fund, . (a) From Loans 2 13 vide Section 21 of the Main Roads Act, 1924-31 135,000 0 0 {b) From Revenue 3 58,43 0 18 „ Amount due by Councils in respect of Interest. From Grants by State UnemploymentErliei under Section 30 (4) of the Main Roads Act, Council—Loans 1924-31 9,878 13 11 ,, Repayment of Principal, Interest and Exchange ,, Grants by State Unemployment Relief Council— on Loans, vide Section 29, Main Roads Act, Loans 120,748 9 9 1924-31 40,809 11 ,, Councils' Contributions towards Construction of ,, Miscellaneous Expenditure 304 10 Developmental Roads 51 38 8 ,, Administrative Expenses— ,, Miscellaneous Income 20 15 0 (a) Salaries 5,174 10 „ Balance, being excess of Expenditure over (b) General 2,875 8 Income for the year 02,740 4 11 32 S, 440 2 9« 328,440 2 9

For details, see statement, page 59 and 00,

BALANCE-SHEET AT 30TH JUNE, 1935.

Inabilities. Assets. £ s. d. £ s. d. Sundry Creditors Ca^h at Treasury 599 3 0 5 Stock on Hand 4,807 7 11 Supply of Stores and Materials 1,608 17 1 Sundry Debtors— Advance by State Treasury on account of Councils for Interest 3,538 8 3 Unemployment Relief Grants I 3,986 14 0 State Treasury—Interest, Sinking Fund, etc. Miscellaneous I ]go 7 r> Section 29 (3), Main Roads Act 3,373 13 8 5,835 18 6 Miscellaneous 7,901 1 1 Income and Expenditure Account— 3 2.703 3 0 Balance at 30th Juno, 1934 ' 75,110 7 9 UFS Deficiency for the year ending 30th' .lime, 1935 i 02,746 4 13 12,304 2 10 18,200 1 4 38,200 1 4

_ NOTE.—In addition to the liabilities stated above, repayment has to be made of loans chargeable to the Developmental Roads Fund, as provided m Section 29 of tho Main Roads Act, 1924-33. The principal amount of such loans outstanding on 30th June, 1935, was £808,715 18s. 3d. A. E. WARBTJRTON, Accountant.

LOAN LIABILITIES. The total loan liability imposed upon, the Fund as a result of the passing of the Finances Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1933, amounted to £850,544 2s. 4d., consisting of £714,S74 15s. 9d. in respect of ordinary loans and £135,669 6s. 7d. in respect of Joans for the relief of unemployment. This liability was reduced by £41,828 4s. Id. (Commonwealth Government contributions under the Financial Agreement and Federal Aid Roads Agreement £34,017 4s. 7d., and sinking fund payments by the Department of Main Roads £7,810 19s. 6d.) at the 30th June, 1-935, leaving a liability of £808,715 18s. 3d. at that date.

ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS. As mentioned in Part I of: this Report, with the close of the financial year under review there has been a period of ten years of road development since the enactment of the Main Roads Act. During that time, 162 roads having a total length of 2,544 miles have, been proclaimed as " developmental," but 10 of these have been removed from the list, principally for the reason that they have been reclassified as main roads. At 30th June, 1935, the existing proclaimed developmental roads numbered 152 with a total length of 2,431 miles. As set out in. earlier Annual Reports, in recommending the proclamation of these.roads the Main Roads Board and the Department have been guided by the need for selecting roads which would be complementary to the existing main, roads and railway systems and which would tend to perfect the 54

general system of transport and provide improved access for tlie conveyance of farm produce to railways and markets. Of the total of 152 roads proclaimed, 113 roads act as direct feeders to the railways of the State {96 leading to single stations on separate railway lines and 17 connecting to a number of stations along the railway lines), 37 connect with proclaimed main roads leading to railway stations or wharves, and 2 connect with wharves. Some of these roads at the date of proclamation were partly constructed, an,d reconstruction has not been undertaken from the developmental roads funds, the expenditure of available moneys being confined to tho construction of previously unconstructcd lengths, Councils being required in terms of the Main Roads Act to maintain the roads from their own funds after construction has taken place. With a view to securing the greatest benefit from the expenditure, provision has been made for those types of construction which will adequately meet the requirements in each case at lowest cost. In some instances, earth formations have been constructed as being sufficient and suitable for the particular need- In most cases, however, a pavement has been required, and as far as practicable local gravels have been used for the purpose. In certain locations, particularly in'North Coast districts, it lias been necessary to crush metal for paving purposes owing to the absence of any suitable gravel. In every case, an endeavour has been made to provide roads which can be cheaply maintained by grading and other economic methods. Economic considerations have been similarly kept in mind in providing for the required culverts and bridges. In addition to the numerous works carried out on individual developmental roads throughout the Eastern and Central Divisions of the State, several major works have been undertaken during the past decade in expenditure of Unemployment Relief funds specially provided for such works. These included "the Mount Darragh Deviation (covering a length of over 14 miles of road which has since been proclaimed a main road) in the Imlay Shire as referred to-in the Eouth Annual Report, and the extensive developmental road works undertaken in the Upper Clarence and Richmond River Valleys, and in the Gloucester and Manning Shires, as reported in this and earlier Reports. For the period 1925-1933, there was no regular source of income available for the construction of develop mental roads, funds being provided by the Government from revenue or loans (including Unemployment Relief loans) supplemented in 1925-26 by Commonwealth grants, and from 1927 to 1933 by allocations under the Federal Aid Roads Agreement. For the two financial years 1933-34 and 1934-35 sum of £135,000 has been transferred annually under the Financial Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1933, from the Country Main Roads Fund to the Developmental Roads Fund- Of this sum, £100,000 per annum has been allocated for new construction and £35,000 per annum to meet interest and sinking, fund charges on account of works previously constructed from loan moneys. During the ten-year period 1925-1935, a sum of £1,981,232, or an average of approximately £200,000 per annum, has been expended on developmental roads in this State, as set out hereunder :—

Expenditure from— Year. Developmental Federal Aid Total. Roads Fund. Roads Fund.

£ £ £ 1925-20 101,468 101,468 1926-27 162,007 152,007 1927 28 188,238 7,000 195,238 1928-29 251,992 120,619 372,611 1929-30 .271,387 86,279 357,666 1930-31 183,305 29,418 212,723 » 1931-32 36,982 4,431 41,413 1932-33 32,362 25,812 58,174 1933-34 158,743 2,743 161,486 1934-35 328,446 328,440 Total—10 Years 1,704,930 276,302 1.98.1,232

It will be seen that the expenditure during the financial year covered by this Report has been £328,446, which was exceeded in two previous years only, viz., 1928-29 and 1929-30, when expenditure was incurred on developmental roads from the Federal Aid Roads Fund as well as the Developmental Roads Fund. Considerable progress has been made in the construction of developmental roads and some have now reached a stage where further construction from developmental road funds is not warranted. The Department, continues to receive many applications from Councils for the proclamation of new developmental roads. It has not been practicable to approve such applications (except in special cases where the circumstances have been outstanding from a developmental point of view) for the reason that there remain many miles of already proclaimed roads still requiring construction for which it has not been possible up to the present to provide funds. The policy has been continued, therefore, of carrying through to completion those roads already proclaimed before accepting additional liabilities, with the exception of the special cases already referred to. It is known that the work required to complete the construction of existing roads will absorb available funds for several years to come. It will be evident, therefore, that the proclamation of additional mileages could not assist Councils when the likelihood of funds being available for their construction is remote. A most important aspect of the developmental programme is the verification of actual increase in development following road expenditure. Work in the past has been largely concentrated in wheat growing and dairying centres, since these industries are dependent upon all-weather roads for their profitable continuance. Examinations subsequent to road construction have shown, on many occasions, that the work has resulted in greater and more economic production. Farms have been cultivated farther from the railhead; large areas have been subdivided into smaller holdings; regular marketing has been possible for dairy produce, and the costs of getting products to market have been reduced. These results show that definite, although not precisely measurable, returns are being received by the State for the money invested in roads, and the aim is therefore to first provide roads where returns are likely to be greatest. 55

The brief accounts which follow of the more notable works put in hand during 1934-35 will illustrate the type of work performed and the purposes to be served by the new roads. Altogether works estimated to cost £108,000 were approved during the year. Shire of Ashford—Developmental Road No. 1001—Strathbogie to the Bonshaw-road (Main Road No. 138).—This road connects Strathbogie near Main Road No. 136 (Inverell to the New England Highway at Deepwater) with the main road which closely follows the Queensland border, viz., Main Road No. 138 (Bonshaw-Tenterfield road). The construction of this road throughout its length of 23 miles was practically completed in 1933-34 with a sum of £2,760 provided from the Fund, and an additional amount of £1,000 contributed by the Council. Sections of gravelling totalling a length of about 4 miles still remain to be done to complete the construction of the road. Shire of Mandowa—Developmental Road No. 1003—Manilla to Boggahi.—^his road forms, with Main Road No. 357 (in the Liverpool Plains Shire) and Developmental Road No. 1095 (in the Namoi Shire) a direct connection between Manilla on the Tamworth-Barraba Trunk Road (No. 63) and Boggabri on the Gunnedah-Boggabri Trunk Road (No. 72). In the Mandowa Shire it had previously been constructed to 16J miles from Manilla, but the length between that point and the Liverpool Plains Shire boundary at 18 miles was unformed, of poor alignment in parts, and intersected by a number of fords. A sum of £1,046 was allotted to the Council and an all-weather road has now been constructed to the Shire boundary. Shires of Amaroo and Macguarie—Developmental Road No. 1009—Cumnock to Eurimbla.— Developmental Road No. 1009 is 14 miles in length and connects Main Road No. 234 at Cumnock with the North-western Highway near Eurimbla. It serves good wheat-growing country. During the year a sum of £1,000 was allotted to the Amaroo Shire Council to complete the construction of the road within, the Shire. With regard to the length of the road in Macquarie Shire, a sum of £2,077 was allocated to the Council of that area to continue the construction of the road from the Amaroo-Macquaric boundary for a distance of about 2|- miles towards the State Highway. Shires of Bland, Narraburra and Weddin—Developmental Road No. 1013—Barmedman to Grenfell.— Additional funds for the construction of this road in the Weddin Shire were allotted to the Council during the year and have been expended in the construction of two sections totalling 5£ miles between I2£ miles and 27^- miles from Grenfell. With the expenditure of these funds, the construction of the road, which serves a large wheat-growing area, will be practically completed throughout its length of 54 miles in the three Shire* s mentioned. Shires of Bland and Carrathool—Developmental Road No. 1017—Rankin's Springs to Hillston.—This road extends from Rankin's Springs on the Mid-western Highway to Hillston, a distance of 58 miles. In the Bland Shire it is cleared throughout and partly formed- Additional funds were allotted to the Council during the year for 8J miles of formation and 3^ miles of gravelling with necessary culvert and causeway construction. In the Carrathool Shire the road has been completed between the Mid-western Highway at Rankin's Springs and the Bland Shire boundary. With regard to the length between Hillston and the western boundary of the Bland Shire, the Monia Gap section was constructed during the year and arrangements have also been made for the clearing and forming, together with culverts and gravel causeways, of a further length between 7 miles and 21 miles from Hillston. The funds which have now been allotted to the Hillston Municipal Council should complete the construction of the road in that Municipality. Shires of Jemalong and Weddin—Developmental Road No. 1023—Garemaio Main Road No. 236 near Grenfell.—This road acts as a feeder to Garema on the Forbes-Stockinbingal railway on the Jemalong Shire side, and also provides access in the Weddin Shire to the Mid-western Highway. Short sections of construction are required to complete the road in this area. In the Jemalong Shire, the construction of the road was continued during the year with a grant of £2,500 allotted to Council. The section undertaken was the length 5 miles 45 chains to 9 miles 7 chains. There remains a length of about 4 miles of the road still to be constructed in the Shire. Shire of Manning—Developmental Road No. 1044—Gloucester to Nabiac.—This road is approximately 24 miles in length and extends from the Pacific Highway at 8 miles from Gloucester to Nabiac, the first 6 miles being in the Gloucester Shire and the remainder in the Manning Shire. All improvement work to complete the construction of the road in Gloucester has now been carried out as part of a scheme of Unemployment Relief works which the Department undertook with its own organisation in expenditure of funds allotted by the Unemployment Relief Council. In the Manning Shire, the length from the Gloucester Shire boundary (at 6 miles) to 9 miles has been constructed, together with the necessary bridges, principally in expenditure of a grant made to Council from the Developmental Roads Fund. A further grant from this source has been made to Council for the construction of Weismantel's Deviation (10J miles to 11£ miles) which work will eliminate what is probably the worst unconstructed section of the road. Shire of Marthaguy—Developmental Road No. 1081—Warren to Carinda.—This road, connecting Warren and Carinda, is 99 miles in length.. A grant of £4,700 was made to Council and, a sandy loam pavement has been constructed over a length of. i2 miles, together with pipe culverts and one concrete box culvert. This work has eliminated the most serious obstacles to traffic. Shire of Wingadee—Developmental Road No. 1083—Coonamble to Carinda.—This road which is 49 miles in length serves the settlement between the Coonamble-Walgett road (Trunk. Road No. 56) and the Cooiwnble-Quambone-Carinda main roads (Nos. 129 and 202). In expenditure of a grant of £2,523 made to Council, the formation and topdressing, together with culverts and causeways, have been carried out on the length between 40f miles and 45£ miles from Coonamble. This length traverses very heavy black soil country on which the natural drainage conditions are very bad. Shire of T crania—Developmental Road No. 1085—Cawongla to Wongavale Public School.—This road is a connecting link between Main Road No. 1.41 at Cawongla and. Trunk Road No. 64 at Lismore. It serves good dairying country throughout its length and the area is capable of increased settlement and production. A grant of £2,000 was made to Council during the year for the construction of the fifth section, a length 56

of 4,423 feet of gravel pavement from Blayney's Bridge towards Cawongla. ' The work, which included a timber beam bridge, was practically completed at the end of the financial year. There remains one more section to complete the construction of this road, viz., the length between Wongavale Public School and. the northern end of Stead's Flat. Shire of Cockburn—Developmental Road No. 1093—Attunga to Somerton.—This consists of two sections radiating from the railhead at Attunga, one to Hall's Creek, a distance of 9"42 miles and the other to Somerton, a distance of 15 miles. A grant of £1,300 was made during the year for further forming, gravelling, and pipe culvert construction on the Somerton section, the Council contributing an amount of £200, thus making £1,500 available. The work extends from 10 miles 13 chains to 11 miles 48 chains and covers a total length of 7,600 feet. Shire of Hastings—Developmental-Road No. IQ94_—Kindee Creek and Forbes River Road.—This road which serves country suitable for dairying consists of two branches, one following the course of Kindec Creek and the other the Forbes River. A steel and timber suspension bridge has been constructed, at the crossing of the Hastings River giving access to the Forbes River branch, and sums have been allotted to the Council for road works which, when completed, will meet traffic requirements for some time to come. A second steel and timber suspension bridge with necessary approaches is now in course of erection over the Hastings River at Kindee to give access to tho K.indee Creek Branch, This structure will link up the Oxley Highway with, the length of the developmental road constructed in earlier years in expenditure of moneys allotted to the Council from the Federal Aid Roads Fund. Shires of Gloucester and Stroud—Developmental Road No. 1110—Gloucester to BuUahdelah.—This road is approximately 35 miles in length, of which about 16 miles are within the Shire of Gloucester and the remainder in the Shire of Stroud. The general improvement of the road within the Gloucester Shire was included in the work carried out by.'j'ihe Department's organisation in expenditure of funds allotted for the relief of unemployment, being^iart of. the comprehensive scheme for the development of part of the Manning River district to which reference was made in the last Annual Report. In Stroud Shire, the construction of the road has been undertaken progressively by the Council with funds allotted by the Department. During the year, arrangements were made-to continue the construction from 13f- miles to 16 miles from BuUahdelah, together with bridges over the Myall River at 13| miles and 15 miles. The Council has carried out by day labour the earthworks and formation, and has let contracts for the supply of gravel and construction of bridges. In both Shires the road provides the access necessary for the development of good dairy farming country. • Shire of lllabo—Developmental Road No. 1114—Jllabo-Nangus Road.—This road branches off Main Road No. 243 at the Illabo railway station and extends generally southerly and westerly for about 17 miles to the Gundagai Shire boundary at Billabong Creek. Practically, "the whole of the road has been constructed either from Council's funds or grants made to the Council. The only remaining work required was the construction of a bridge over Billabong Creek at the Shire boundary, this bridge being needed to give access to Illabo railway station and silos from the eastern side of the creek. "During the year, a three-span timber beam structure, 105 feet long, together with approaches was constructed in expenditure of a grant of £1,405. Shire of Tum'bammba—Developmental Road No. \\\1—Tumharumba Railway Station to Laurel Hill Turn-off^—This road assists in providing access for settlers in the Taradale and Laurel Hill districts to the railway at" Tiimbarumba.. The work remaining at the commencement of the financial year to complete the construction of the road was approximately 2 miles of gravel pavement at the Taradale end, including a concrete box culvert and a larger box culvert at Bob's Creek. A grant of £1,300 was made to Council and, at the close of the year, these works were well in hand. Shires of Kyogle and Tomki—Developmental Road No. 1129—Casino to Sextonville.—This road is 22 miles in length. The greater part in Tomki Shire (7|- miles) is constructed. The most urgent further construction was in the Kyogle Shire between the Dyraaba butter factory and Sextonville, where the .settlers, consisting principally of returned soldiers engaged in dairy farming, have been severely handicapped by lack of road facilities, sections of the road being practically impassable in wet weather. In 1933-34, the length 1 mile 580 feet to 2 miles 2,900 feet from the Dyraaba butter factory was constructed in expenditure of a grant made to Council. During the year under review, a further amount of £2,171 was allotted, and with this sum the construction has been continued to 3 miles 3,379 feet. The Council had in recent years constructed five small low level timber beam bridges over Doubtful Creek between the butter factory and Sextonville, giving access to over thirty settlers living on the western side of the creek. Shire of Bellingen—Developmental Road No. 1134—Thora to Brinerville.—The outstanding requirement on this road in order to develop the dairy farming district which it serves is the construction of bridges. So far, the road has been bridged and constructed from Thora at the foot of the Dorrigo Mountain (10 miles west of Bellingen) to the 19 miles. Funds have now been allotted to the Council for the construction of additional bridges at 19f- miles (Plain's Crossing) and 21 miles (Cleaver's Crossing). - Shire of Lachlan—Developmental Road No. 1144—Euglo Railway Siding to Weelah State Forest.—This road extends for a distance of about 9-£ miles from Euglo Railway Siding northerly to Weelah State Forest. "A sum of £850 was allotted to the Council during the year to complete the construction of the road from the 1\ miles to the end of the proclaimed length at 9-|- miles. Shire of Lachlan—Developmental Road No. 1145—Euglo Rmhoa-y Siding to Trunk Road No. 57.—About -7 .miles in length, this road has been constructed from the Euglo Railway Siding for about 3-| miles towards Trunk Road No. 57. Council is now arranging to complete the construction of the road to the junction with the trunk road in expenditure of the most recent allotment of £882. Shires of Lachlan and Goobang—Developmental Road No. 1151—Fifield to Kadungle.—This road, with Developmental Road No. 1005 (Kadungle to Numulla) connects Kadungle (where new wheat silos have been erected) on the branch railway line from the Condobolin-Parkes line to Tottenham, with Trunk Road No. 57 on the Lachlan. Shire side, and Main Road No. 348 on the Goobang Shire side; A grant of £1,535 57 has been, made to the Lachlan Shire Council which will complete the construction of the road throughout the Shire (a length of about 10 miles) leaving about 2 miles to complete the road to Kadungle, which section is largely a boundary road between the Lachlan and Goobang Shires. In the Goobang Shire the construction of Developmental Road No. 1005 has been practically completed during the year in sections over the full length of about 13 miles, the balance of work yet to be done being about 2\ miles of gravelling. Skires of Tirana and Culcairn—Developmental Road No. 1152—Rand to Main Road No. 331.—This road is approximately 6 miles 3,100 feet in length and connects the Albury-Urana road (Main, Road No. 125) at Rand with the Culcairn-Berrigan road (Main Road No. 331). A grant of £800 was allotted to the Urana Shire Council and the most urgent section of construction, being the length of about 2 miles extending southwards from Rand, has now been completed- Portion of this length forms the boundary road between Urana and Culcairn Shires, the Urana Council undertaking the expenditure of the grant on behalf of both authorities.

UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF WORKS ON DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS. Shires of Copmanhurst and Kyogle—Developmental Road. No. 1050—Baryulgil to Trunk Road No. 64 near Sandilands.—The construction of a network of roads in the Upper portions of the valleys of the Clarence and Richmond Rivers which the Department undertook at the request of the Unemployment Relief Council, with funds made available by that authority, was completed in January, 1935 (as referred to in Part I of this report). The organisation engaged on the works was not entirely disbanded as the Unemployment Relief Council requested the Department to carry out further roadworks on Developmental Road No. 1050 to provide an essential means of access to that part of the Clarence River Valley from Baryulgil near the terminating point of Main Road No. 150 (Grafton Road) to the junction with the Tenterfield-Casino Road (Trunk Road No. 64). The work was commenced in January, 1935;' and has provided employment for 150 men who would have been rendered idle consequent upon the coinpletion of the earlier works north of Bonalbo and Grevillia. The total length of road to be constructed is about 20 miles and includes 5 timber beam bridges ranging from 25 feet to 110 feet in length. The work was commenced at a point about 10 miles north of Baryulgil—the intervening length, i.e., from the end of Main Road No. 150, having been constructed in previous years from Developmental Roa,d and Federal Aid Road grants allotted to the Copmanhurst Shire Council. A 16-feet pavement composed of local gravel is being laid on a formation width of 24 feet. This road serves an area of approximately 120,000 acres which at present is largely used for grazing purposes, but with adequate road access a considerable portion of the area could be made available for dairy farming also. The completion of the work in hand will provide a constructed road throughout the full length of the Clarence River Valley from Grafton to the Queensland border, a distance of about 135 miles, of which length 73 miles have been constructed either by the local governing authorities with funds allotted by the Department from the Developmental Roads and Federal Aid Roads Funds or by the Department itself with sums provided by the Unemployment Relief Council. Furthermore, it will bring to a close a programme of road construction carried out during the past decade by the Main Roads Board and the Department to provide for the development of an area of about 1,250,000 acres within the Clarence River Valley, and at the same time to link up important roads forming the main roads systems of northern New South Wales and southern Queensland- Shires of Tetania and Tweed—Main Road No. 141—Kyogle to Nimbin, and Developmental Road No. 1088—Cawongla to Uki.—A further work which the Unemployment Relief Council approved as one suitable for the relief of unemployment was the construction of Main Road No. 141 and Developmental Road No. 1088 in the Shires of Terania and Tweed. The work includes 4£ miles of Main Road No. 141 commencing from the Kyogle Shire boundary about 6 miles east of Kyogle, and 13£ miles of Developmental Road No. 1.088 from Cawongla to the Jjismore- Murwillumbah road (Main Road No. 142) near Uki, together with eight timber beam bridges of lengths varying from.90 feet to 12t) feet. On the Developmental Road section, provision is made for a roadway of 20 feet formation width, with pavement 12 feet wide, the respective widths on the main road being 24 feet and 16 feet. The pavement is being constructed partly with gravel and partly with crushed rock. The area served is capable of much closer settlement and increased production and the construction of these works will provide improved access to railhead at Kyogle for the dairying community along the valley of Hanging Rock Creek and upper portion of the South Arm of the Tweed River. At the same time, the roads will provide an important inter-district communication between the Richmond and Tweed River districts. Work was commenced in March,-1934, and has provided continuous employment for approximately 200 men, a large percentage of whom were sent from the Metropolitan area, the balance being drawn from the Lismore Labour Exchange. Although the construction of both roads will not be completed for some months to come, there are already definite indications that the anticipated benefit to settlers in the nature of increased production and reduced cost of transport will be fully realised. The expenditure on Developmental Road No. 1088 is set out in the table which follows in this section of the Report, the expenditure on Main Road No. 141 being shown on page 51, Part 3. Shires of Gloucester and Manning—Developmental Roads Nos. 1110, 1044, and 1150.—In Part IV of the Ninth Annual Report there was outlined a scheme of Developmental Road construction which the Department had in hand in expenditure of funds made available by the Unemployment Relief Council on the following roads in the Shires of Gloucester and Manning :—• Developmental Road No. 1110—Gloucester through Waukivory Valley to BuUahdelah. Developmental Road No. 1044—From Pacific Highway, about 8 miles north of Gloucester to Nahiac. Developmental Road No. 1150—Gloucester via Tigrah to Giro, with branch from Tigrah to Tiri. 58

During the period under review, the general improvement of Developmental Road No. 1110 in the Gloucester Shire over a length of about 17 miles was completed. Similarly the construction of Developmental Road No. 1044 in the Gloucester and Manning Shires was completed to a point about 2 miles east of the Gloucester Shire boundary—a total length of about 8 miles. (As stated on page 55 of this Report, additional works oh this road in the Manning Shire are being carried out with sums allotted to the Council from the Developmental Roads Fund.) On Developmental Road No. 1150, the works consist exclusively of the construction of a number of bridges, with minor road diversions in approach thereto, to eliminate open crossings. At the close of the financial year, the following timber beam bridges were still in course of construction. (i) A high level bridge, 60 feet in length, over Craven Creek at Rookhurst. (ii) A high level bridge, 140 feet in length, over the Bowman River. (hi) A low level bridge, 105 feet in length, over the Little Manning River at Gloryvale Crossing, (iv) A low level bridge, 190 feet in length, over the Manning River at Tiri Crossing, together with a high level approach bridge 85 feet in length over a tributary. The Department also let a contract for the construction of a timber beam bridge, 140 feet in length, over Little Manning River at Teni Crossing. Shire of Manning—Developmental Road No. 1161—From Developmental Road No. 1044 to the Stroud Shire boundary at Upper Bunyah.—An additional work which the Unemployment Relief Council approved during the year was the construction of Developmental Road No. 1161 in Manning Shire, a length of 2£ miles extending from Road No. 1044 to the Stroud Shire boundary at Bunyah Creek. The district served by this road is used mainly for dairy farming, but is capable of increased settlement and production.

The work, which commenced in MaTch, 1935, includes the construction of a gravel pavement 8 feet wide on a formation width of 12 feet and the erection of a timber beam bridge over Bunyah Creek at Upper Bunyah. in order to provide access to an existing road on the southern side in the Stroud Shire.

PROCLAMATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL ROADS. During the year the following new roads and extensions of existing roads were proclaimed

Shire or Date of , Road Municipality. Proclama- No. Description of Road. Mileage, Remarks.

in. ch. Coolamon Shire .. 3/8/34 1155 From Matong to Cowabbie 17 40 New road to give access to Matong Railway Station. 3/8/34 1097 From Mimosa to Coolamon, via Rannock 17 60 Extension of Developmental Road No. 1097 from Mimosa to Coolamon giving cross country access from the Tcmora-Wagga road (M.R. No. 57) to Coolamon Railway Station. Dorrigo Shire 19/8/34 1157 From Glenreagh to Sherwood Creek 0 00 Proclamation of Developmental Road Work in connection with the bridge over Middle Creek and the road over Sherwood Gap. Bland and Lachlan 31/8/34 1123 Thulloo to Weja Railway Siding 4 0 Alteration of route to give access t o wheat silos Shires. at Wcja Railway Siding. Boree Shire 28/9/34 1156 From Coolagong to North Goolagong Rail­ 2 52 New road from Goolagong giving access to North way Station. Goolagong Railway Station. 7/12/34 1158 From Trundle to the Tullamore Peak Hi" 22 21 New road giving cross country connection from Goobang Shire road (M.R. No. 348). the Tullamore-Peak Hill road (M.R. No. 343) to Trundle Railway Siding. 2S-12-34 1159 From Clifton to Bribbarce, via Thuddungra 25 00 New road giviiu* connection hetween Bribbarce Burrangong Shire .. and the Grenfell-Young road (M.R. No. 239) at Clifton approx. 7 m. north of Young. 2 5-1-3 r» 1100 From Calgato Kulnura.via Peats Ridge and 18 00 New road giving access from Kulnura and Man­ Erina Shire Mangrove Mountain. grove Mountain to the Pacific Highway near Gosford. 25/1/35 1161 From the Gloucester Nabiac road (D.R. No. 2 32 New road to provide access from the Gloucester- Maiming Shire 1044) at a point approximately 2 miles Nabiac road (Developmental Road No. 1044) from the Gloucester Shire boundary to to Bunyah Creek Valley. Upper Bunyah. Carrathool Shire and 8/2/35 From Hillston to old junction with Mailt 7 0 Extension of Developmental Road 1017 to Hillston Munici­ Road No. 254 towards Monia Gap. junction with Matu Road No. 254 at Hillston. pality. This section was previously part of the road from Hillstonto Griffith (Main Road No. 254). Timbrehongie Shire 8/3/30 1162 From Tomingley to the Bulgandramiue New road giving access to Tomingley West Bridge over the Bogan River. Railway Station. Tomki Shire 26/4/35 1125 From Leeville Railway Station to the Casino 0 50 Extension of Developmental Road No. 1125, Grafton road (M.R. No. 1.5.1). from Leeville Railway Station to the Casino- Grafton road (M.R. Ho. 151). Total 126 31

During the year the following roads were removed from the list of Proclaimed Developmental Roads.

Date of Shire or Proclama­ Road Description. Mileage. Remarks. Municipality. tion. No.

in. eh. Bland Shire 31/8/34 1123 From Thulloo to Winnunga Route altered to provide access to wheat silos 3 12 at Weja Railway Siding. Tenterfield and 3/5/35 1050 From the Tenter field-Casinoroa d (M.R. No. 45 47 Now proclaimed Maui Road No. 361. Kyogle Shires. 64) near Sandilands to the New England Highway at Woodenbong, via Bonalbo and Urbenville-. Tenterfield Shire 3/5/35 1055 From the New England Highway near 17 53 Now proclaimed Main Rnad No. 362. Koreelah Creek tn Urbenville. Berrigan Shire . 31/5/35 1010 From Barooga to Berrigan 18 40 Now proclaimed Main Road No. 303. Total 84 77

The total mileage of Developmental Roads is subject to constant revision as more exact particulars are obtained. Allowing for variations on this account and the additional mileage, as shown above, the total length of Developmental Roads in the State as at 30th June, 1935, is 2,431 miles, of which 19 miles are in the County of Cumberland, and the remainder are in the country. 59

SUMMARY OF INDIVIDUAL WORKS AND EXPENDITURE.

The following is a summary of the work done and expenditure incurred on individual developmental roads from the Developmental Boads Fund for the period 1st July, 1934, to 30th June, 1935 :—

Granted t o Granted to Total Granted Developmental Road. Particulars of Work. Councils or Councils or to Councils or Council. Expended by Expended by Expended by Department to Department Department to Length Road Name of Road. Class ot Construction. Carried ouc 30th .Tune, during 30th June, Author­ 1934. 1934-35. 1935. No. ised. by.

Metropolitan Division. [ m. ft. £ s. d. £ s. d. Obcron 1033 Oberon-Hampton Formation and gravelling 2 340 Council 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Southern Division. Imlay . 1045 [ Kiali-Lower Towamba I Formation I 1 4224 ] Council 800 0 0 0 0 Lower Northern Division. Bellingen 1134 Bellingen-road Two bridges and approaches Council 5,953 1 4 2 13 5 5,955 14 9* 1134 Bridge near Gess at 18J- m. 1.238 4 7 1,238 4 7 from Bellingen. 1136 Kalang-road Bridge over Gillies Crossing ... 70 10 2 776 10 2 1134 Bellingen-road Bridge at Richardson's Cross­ 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 ing. 1136 Kalang-road Gravel 3 400 500 ,0 0 500 0 0 Erina 1077 Wyong-Dooralong Waterbound macadam 1 4224 500 0 0 500 0 0 1110 Roads 1110, 1044 and 1150 Gravel 17 3440 Department 10,093 17 11 28,046 9 10 38,140 7 9 Gloucester. 1044 Day Labour. and 1150. 1150 Gloucester-Giro-Tiri Crossing.., Timber bridge at Teni .... Department 3 9 6 3 9 0 Hastings 1056 Kendall-Comboyne Formation and gravelling . Council 2,450 0 0 2,450 0 0 1094 Forbes River road 1 4200 1,991 19 9 1,991 19 9* 1094 Cowangara-Yarras-Kindee Bridge at Kindee Crossing. Department 1,412 9 8 1,412 9 8 Creek. 2 740 Macleay 1048 Bellbrook-Nulla Nulla Creek... Two timber bridges over Nulla Council 1,000 0 0 1,000 .0 0 Nulla Creek. Manning 1044 Gloucester-Nabiac Formation and gravelling 300 500 0 0 1,900 0 0 2,400 0 0 1101 Goulcester Shire Boundary- Gravel .". 2012 Department 2,477 4 3 2,477 4 3 Upper Bunyah. Day Labour. Mcrrhva 1138 Bow-ltingwood 4300 Council 250 0 0 250 0 0* Patrick Plains 1124 Broke-Cessnock Formation 1816 640 0 0 640 0 0* 1142 Sedge fleld-Mcrannic Timber bridge at Brooker's 400 0 0 1,150 0 0 Crossing. 1052 Ravensworth-Upper Hebdcn Timber bridge at Stringy Bark 500 0 O 500 0 0 Creek. 1053 Ravensworth-Lemington Formation and gravelling 1 648 500 0 0 500 0 0 1142 Sedgefield-Merannie 0 2904 278 10 0 278 10 0 Stroud 1110 Gloucester-Bullahdelah .. 2 528 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0 1110 2 1200 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 £48,107 11 2

North-Western Division. Cockburn 1032 Deviation at Shearin's Creek. Formation 0 4950 Council 1,885 7 6 1,885 7 6* 1093 Attunga-Soincrton Gravel 2 132 1,300 0 0 1,300 0 0* 1032 Blaxland's Deviation Formation 0 4800 1,780 18 0 1,780 18 0* Liverpool 1112 Dubbledah-Goolhi Formation and gravelling .. 1 720 028 15 0 028 15 0* Plains. Mandowa 1003 Boggabri-Manilla. Gravel 2 3S3 2,000 0 0 2,000 0 0* 1003 Formation and gravelling 0 800 500 0 0 500 0 0 Namoi ... 1095 1 4120 487 18 6 987 18 0 Peel 1090 S.H. 9, near Tamworth-Loom- Formation 3 2602 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 berah. Walgett 1120 Coonamble via Pilliga to 2 1923 1,000 0 0 1,000 Burren J unction. £10,588 19 0 South-Western Division.

Berrigan 1010 Bcrrigan-Barooga Formation and gravelling 1 1570 Council 671 1 0 671 1 0* Bland 1013 Banned man-Narraburra Gravel • 2 2855 900 0 0 75 10 1 975 10 1" 1013 Clearing, formation and loam' 1 1386 200 0 0 232 11 4 432 11 4* ing. 1017 Carrathool-Hillston Gravel 0 2244 41 4 4 141 4 4* 1131 Wiimmiga-Tallimba Formation and gravelling 3 4224 500 0 0 351 10 1 851 16 1* .... 1029 Kikoira-Wcethalle .. Gravel 15 0 600 0 0 1,100 0 0 1,700 0 0* 1029 Formation 5 1848 500 0 0 500 0 0 1123 Weja-Thulloo-Narriah Rail Formation and gravelling 1 2277 722 15 3 722 15 3* way Station. 1131 Winnunga-Tallimba .... 4 0 1,400 0 0 1,400 0 0 1017 Rankin Springs-Hillston 8 415 1,033 15 8 1,033 15 8 1029 Wecthalle-Barcllan 3 4851 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Burrangong ... 1013 7 m. on M.R. 239 to Bribbaree 1 3140 700 0 0 700 0 0 Carrathool ... 1017 Hillston-Rankin Springs 5 3781 800 0 0 1,640 0 0 2,440 0 0 ,, 1071 Mcrriwagga-Melbergen Formation 2 4378 263 15 0 263 15 0 ,, 1019 Shire Boundary towards Ran Formation and gravelling ~9 2640 700 O 0 700 0 0 kin Springs. 1026 Erigolia-Binya : Formation 10 700 800 0 0 800 0 0 ii 1017 HiUston-ltankin Springs 9 1000 1,100 0 0 1,100 0 0 >i 1017 14 0 750 0 0 750 0 0 1096 Coolamon-Ariah Park. Clearing, forming and gravel­ 8 1112 400 0 0 1,300 0 0 1,700 0 0 ling. 1001 Ganmam-Didlah Formation and gravelling 1 3930 300 0 0 470 0 0 770 0 0 1155 Matong-Cowabbie 0 2680 500 0 0 500 0 0 „ ...... 1097 Coolamon-Narraburra Bound­ Formation i 3020 700 0 0 700 0 0 ary. Culcairn 1012 Culcairn-Walbundrie Formation and gravelling I 4235 1,450 0 0 1,450 0 0" 1062 Walbuudric-Howlong I 3920 1,200 0 0 1,200 0 0 1012 Culcairn-Walbundrie 2 1071 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 Gundagai 1149 Coolac-The Burra Timber bridge over Burra 50 0 0 450 0 0 Greek. Hume 1062 Howlong-Walbund rie Formation and gravelling . 1 4345 800 0 0 •800 0 0 1062 1 1426 600 0 0 600 0 0 Illabo 1020 Marinna-Ivor-,Tunee Reefs road 2 1023 1,100 0 0 1,100 0 0 1114 Tllabo-Eurongilly-Nangus road Timber bridge over Billabong 1.200 0 0 1,200 0 0 Creek. Narraburra ... 1013 Barmcdman-Morangorell .. Formation and gravelling 3 720 1,400 0 0 400 0 0 1,800 0 0* 1096 Barmedman-Mirrool Creek 1 1442 500 0 0 1,000 0 0 1,500 0 0* 1096 Coolamon-Barmedman 2 1300 1,500 0 0 1,500 0 0 Tuinbarumba 1117 Tumbarumba-Laurel Hill .. 1 481 600 0 0 600 0 0 1.080 Urana-Albury road 2' 1759 950 0 0 950 0 0 Urana and 1014 Urana-Boree Creek road ., 3 1073 1,700 0 0 1,700 0 0 Lockhart. 1152 Rand to M.R. 331 Gravel 1 4015 750 0 0 750 0 0 Wakool 1146 Moulamcin-Nacurrie Railway Bridge over Yarrein Creek 16 6 9 16 6 9* Station. 1146 Forming and bridges 0 904 2,850 0 0 139 0 4 2,989 0 4 1100 M.R. 319, via Nicinur's Siding Bridges and approaches over 1,350 0 0 1,350 0 0 to Balpool. Papamie Creek. „ 1140 Moulamcin-Nacurrie Bridges north of Murrain Yar­ 4 50 0 0 450 0 0 rein Creek Bridges. 1146 Formation 1 2112 200 0 0 200 0 0 60

SUMMARY OF INDIVIDUAL WORKS AND EXPENDITURE—continued.

Developmental Road. Parti oulars of Work. Granted to Granted to Total Granted Councils or Councils or t o Councils or Expended by Expended by Bspended by Cou itcil. Length Department to Department Department to j Class of Construction. Author­ Carried out 30th J Hue, during 30th .Tunc, "NoCl ' Kailie ,lf E,0ild- ised. i>y • 1034. 1934-35. 1935.

South-Western Division—continued. m. ft. £ s. d. Wade 1019 Bcclbangora Railway Station- Formation 3 803 Council. 1,650 0 0 Carrathool Shire Boundary. 1019 4 2297 700 0 0 Yanco 1108 Colinroobie-Barellan Formation and gravelling 2 1710 1,100 0 0 U08 Nam nd era-Bland 4 2112 1,000 0 0 Boundary. £36,957 15 10

Central-Western Division. Amaroo 1009 Cum i tock-Eur imbla Gravel 1 4163 Council 1,837 13 10 1,000 0 0 1009 0 4794 1150 Goolagong to North Goolagong 2 1584 500 0 0 Boree Railway Siding. Cobbora 1057 Ballimore-Windorah 0 2480 908 10 1004 Gollan-Murrumbong Formation and gravelling 2 3180 2,500 0 1004 Gravel 1 4069 1,500 1057 BallinVore-Windorah ,. Formation and gravelling 2 900 2,305 Gilgandra 1080 Arinatree-Toorawecnah Formation 9 3260 700 Goobang 1005 Kadunglc-Nuniulla Formation and gravelling 3 3313 1,909 1005 4 1502 1,062 1158 TrundLe-Euchabil o 3626 1,000 .Teuialong 1103 Gareema-Piniiacle 3 990 1,508 1103 3 2417 2,485 Lachlan 1029 Tallibigeal-Palisthan 19 2339 2,000 1144 Euglo Siding-Weelah Parish... 1145 Euglo Siding-Condobolin-Gir- 3 784 ral-road. 1,500 0 1029 Tullibigeal-Palisthan 0 4400 500 0 Macquarie 1007 Arthurville-Geurie 2 792 1,896 14 1008 Bournewood-Yeoval o 1386 2,000 0 1007 Arthurville-Geurie 1 5246 1,750 0 1009 Cumnock-Eurimbla 1 41120 1,000 0 Marthaguy 1081 Warren-Carinda Forming and loaming 12 429 4,500 0 Waugoola . 1058 Wattnmondara-Mt. Collins ... R.C. Culvert and causeway 320 0 over Morongla Creek. Weddin 1013 Barmcdman-Grcitfcll Formation and gravelling 4 1012 2,500 0 0 111 0 Kelly's Creek-Wirrimah " 2 2040 1,000 0 0 1013 Ci renfell-Barmedman ... „ 5 2040 1,500 0 0 Wingadee 1120 Coonainble-Filliga road Timber bridge over Urawilkic 1,335 4 9 Creek and 20 feet culvert near 25 M.P. from Coon- am BIC. 1083 Coonamble-Carinda Formation and loaming . 3 3153 400 0 0 200 0 0 600 0 0* 1120 Coonamblc-Pilliga Formation and topdressing 1 4400 1,000 0 0 1,000 0 0 1083 Coonamble-Carinda Formation and loaming . 4 3060 2,401 2 2 2,401 2 2* £44,620 8

Upper Northern Dioision..oision,. Ashford 1001 Strathbogie- Honshiiw 9 0 Council 1,800 0 0 960 0 1082 Delungra-Graiuan .... Formation and gravelling . 3 1360 1,987 11 413 14 Bauuockburn 1119 1 nvercll-Auburn Vale Gravel 0 2200 1082 Deluugra-Graman .... 1 2790 2,850 0 1082 Formation and gravelling 4400 2,250 0 Byron 1043 Mullum hi mby-State Forest 0 755 1,400 0 No. 356. Dorrigo 1079 Coramba-Dorrigo to Lowanna Formation 0 3502 1,200 0 0 Railwav Station. 1079 Bridge over Little Nymboida 463 0 6 River. 1089 Yarrein Creek road Formation 1 3275 2,050 0 0 1157 Glcnreimh-Corinda . 1 0 Department 2,089 3 0 Waterbound macadam Day labour. 1089 Yarrein Creek road Gravel 1 4220 Council 1,300 0 O Ifar wood 1049 Maclean- 'fully morgan Formation 1 1693 999 15 3 Kyogle and 1050 Upper Clarence and Richmond («) Gravel 12 5235 Department 103,790 12 1 47,001 15 6 ' Tenterfield. and Valleys Developmental (b) Waterbound macadam 33 5277 Day labour. 1148. Works Kyogle 1050 Waterbound macadam .... 2,780 14 8 " 2,780 14 8* 1141 Kyogle-Ettrick Formation and gravelling . 1 3969 Council. 2,882 8 6 2,882 8 6* 1047 Cedar Foint-Bentley Gravel 2 2266' 6Q5 0 0 3,328 9 4 3,933 9 4 1129 Casino-Sextonville ... Formation and gravelling . 1 2320 C ouncil 1,752 4 0 lj752 4 0* 1129 1 479 2,100 0 0 2,1.00 0 0 1050 Baryulgil-Saudilands GraVcl 22 0 Department 13,452 12 2 13,452 12 2 Day labour. 1,822 3 Nymboida 1154 Mann River Crossing Bridge over Mann River at Council 1,822 3 9 9 Jacadgcry. 2,300 0 0 2,300 0 0 1153 it >I Bridge over Mann River at Broadwater. 1086 Cawongla-Kunghur Bridges over French and Hang 200 0 52 17 1 252 17 1* ing Rock Creeks. 10SS Gravel 15 1000 Department 71 14 17,359 16 "8 17,431 10 11 Day labour. 1085 Steads Land-Blaney's Bridge Fine crushed rock 1 1031 Council 1,700 0 0 1,700 0 0 1085 Wo uga vale-Cawongla 0 4423 1,900 0 0 1,900 0 0 Tomki 1047 Bentley-Cedar Point Forming and gravelling 1 3915 2,627 15 3 • 2,027 15 3* 1125 Lecville-Middle Creek 1 2 2538 1,814 1 3 1,814 1 3* 1132 Spring Grove road 1 1482 1,277 9 0 1,277 9 0* 122,715 11 7 . Miscellaneous construction Total Expenditure on Road construction 265,182 9 10

Administrative Expenses 26,832 17 8,049 19 Surveys, supervision and design 11,309 19 13,979 11 Maintenance of bridges and miscellaneous 1,814 5 364 10 Interest—Sinking fund and exchange 43,292 0 40,869 11 Expenditure on works completed to 30th .Tune, 1934, shown in previous reports and not listed above 1,157,300 10 5 Total as per Income and Expenditure Account, page 53 1,376,483 19 1X| 328,446

* Completed Works. 61

PART V—SYDNEY HARBOUR BRIDGE ACCOUNT. The financial position of the Sydney Harbour Bridge is set out in the Income and Expenditure J Account and Balance Sheet, which follow. The results for the financial year ended 30th June, 193Q, may be summarised as follows:— (,

Surplus of Income over*Expenditure when the year commenced ... -21,946" ~ ' 1 f

Expenditure from 1st July, 19&?to 30th June, 193'S^ -495T574 cHj 7" ^ C ^ A*'K j Income from 1st July, 1934, to 30th June, 19351 -448rr79 ••;

Deficiency of Income for the year ...... ^ _47j395 ' . 6

Balance,representing accumulated deficiency to 30th June, 193^ ""25;449 0 9 O

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT for the year ending 30th June, 1935,

'Expenditure. \ Income. 30th June, 1935— £ s. d. £ s. d. 30th June, 1936— £ s. d. To Cost of Collecting Road Toll 7,724 14 0 By Road Tolls , 189,400 15 9 Maintenance and Upkeep, including Light­ ,, Contributions for Railway Passengers 104,457 0 lOf ing and Cleaning 22,920 17 10§ ,, Contributions for Tramway Passengers 51,542 18 1 „ Maintenance and Upkeep of Properties ... 355 9 0 „ Contributions by Councils ~ 98.530 8 5 „ Minor Improvements and Additions 1,520 11 0 ,, Rents from Properties, etc 4,170 10 11 „ Loan Charges— ,, Miscellaneous 16 17 3 Interest 309,104 14 1% Sinking Fund 35,401 9 2 4 48,17.8 17 3 Exchange 54,795 18 11J Management Expenses on Loans ' 2,389 17 10 „ Balance, being excess of Expenditure over Income 47,394 17 3 401,752 „ Miscellaneous 029 ,, Administrative Expenses— Salaries 425 18 1 Rent, Printing, Stationery, General Ex­ penses, etc 245 0 1 — 070 18 2 £495,573 14 0 £495,573 14 6

t Includes £6,95J Income in respect of the year 1933-1934 J Includes £33,390 17s. lOd. Interest and £6,030 19s. 9d. Exchange for previous- years originally charged to Capital Cost, now charged against the Sydney Harbour Bridge Account. § For details sec statement on page 61.

BALANCE-SHEET at 30th June, 1935.

Liabilities. Assets. £ B. d. £ s. d. Sundry Creditors— State Treasury for— £ s. d. £ s. d. £ R. d. Sinking Fund «,228 10 11. Management Expenses on Loans 30 0 9 . 121 0 7 68,981. 8 5 Sundry Debtors— Miscellaneous 2,627 3 3' 7 71,009 2 0 RailwaCouncilys foCommissioner Bridge Ratr foe ran Railwad Interesy Contribut - 22,531 18 7 Road Transport Commissioner for Tramway „. 30,903 16 1 Income and Expenditure Account— , Deficiency for year ended 30th .Time, 1935... 47,394 17 3 25,448 4 10 £ 71,009 2 0 £ 71,609 2 0

N OTM.—In addition to the liabilities stated above, the amount of loan expenditure on the Sydney Harbour Bridge on which interest etc. WE»R charged as at 30th June, 1935, was £8,442,783. The estimated value of properties and land residues which it is anticipated will ultimately be credited to the Capital Cost, was £498,789, making the net loan indebtcdnes approximately £7,943,994 at that date. " :- A. E. WA11BU11TON, Accountant.

FINANCIAL POSITION^ OF THE BRIDGE. The statements which follow set out the income and expenditure of the Sydney Harbour Bridge Account since the bridge was opened to traffic on the 19th March, 1932 :— Income.

From 19th March, Source of Income. 1932,to 1932-33. 1933-34. 1934-35.7 Total. 30th June, 1932.

£ £ £ £ Road tolls on vehicles and passengers 43,771. 153,455 174,449 189,401 , 561,130 20,091 44J5S6 - 75,000 104,457 ' 244,13-f 16,330 3y,241 50,000 51,543 1 57,1'20 353,653 101.038 98,530 553,221 1,240 3,786 5,575 4,188 14,789 81,438 594,721 406,062 4-18,179 1,530,4001 62

Expenditure.

Eroin • \ 19th March, Head of Expenditure. 1932, to 1932-33. • 1933-34. 1934-35. 1 ^ Total. \^<'^ 30th June, 1932.

Loan Capital Charges— c £ £ £ 440,503 350,567 369,105 1.160U75 Ut'lVj, 80,112 52,950 54,796 • 187,858 Vl^ti 34,141 31,626 35,461 101,228 | 4,858 4,876 2,390 12,124 1 Maintenance and upkeep of structure and surroundings, including 1,134 . 10,483 23,833 24,442 M.,892 2,950 7,476 0,899 7,725 25,056 *-S9* 92 5,558 2,211 1,655 9;5I0 5. J-'o1 Totals £ 4,182 583,131 472,902 495,574 1,555,849 v . 1 to

It will be seen that a substantial increase has taken place in the income from road tolls, due to the gradual improvement in new vehicle registrations and the extended use of vehicles already registered. The railway and tramway contributions have also increased, partly because of increased traffic, and partly by a change in the method of contribution. The basis on which the contributions of the Railway and Tramway departments are to be assessed has now been determined by the Minister, in accordance with the provisions of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (Administration) Act, 1932, as follows:—

Railway Department.—A fixed contribution for each ticket sold, as follows:— £ s. d. Single ticket, First and Second Class ... 0 0 2 Workman's Weekly ticket 0 2 0 Weekly Periodical, First and Second Class 0 2 4 Monthly „ „ „ „ 0 10 0 Quarterly „ „ 1 5' 0 Half-yearly „ „ „ „ 2 5 0 Yearly „ „ „ 4 0 0

Tramway Department— No. of passengers carried x £50,000 9,500,000 passengers.

As regards the expenditure, reductions were made in the interest rate for last year, and exchange charges were reduced also because of the lesser sum required to meet overseas interest payments. On the other hand a non-recurring additional charge of £39,434 was made during 1934-35 against interest and exchange by transfer of that amount from the capital expenditure where it had previously been charged in error.

CAPITAL COST. ^ The total capital cost of the bridge to 30th June, 1935\ was £10,083~282. This amount will be increased by payments still not finalised, but will ultimately be reduced by the sale or transfer of surplus resumed lands. The final cost will probably amount to approximately £9,50O,O00.^The details of cost and the sources from which the money was found are set out in the following statements:—

Details of Expenditure—

Payments to construction contractors, Messrs. Dorman Long & Co. Ltd. ... 4-810,516 ..• Expenditure by Public AVorks Department on bridge and approaches ...... 2;329,740 ^ * Acquisition of land ... 1,352,293 **** Lavender Bay Railway Station and minor works 95,096 ;H Interest and exchange on loan expenditure during construction ... 1,495,637 ?gJ2

£1-0;O83,282 10 QU

Sources of Funds for Expenditure—

Loan money raised by the State ... -8,407,169— &T*+*+*V Contributions by Councils ... 1,665,444 Unemployed Relief Vote ... '* 10,664 Public Works Fund 5 ? £10,083,282

N. 63

TRAFFIC, Prom the number of ticket sales it is possible to form a close estimate of the traffic of each description using the bridge. The estimate for the period 20th March, 1932, to 30th June, 1932, and for the past^three years is as follows:-—

Railway Passengers. Tramway Passengers. ^ttoad Passengers. f^Total Passengers. yMxitor Vehicles.

Period. ) Daily Daily Daily Daily Daily Number. jsumoerNumber. _ Number. Number, Number. Average. fAverage Average. Average. Average.

20th March, 1932, to 30th 4,008,000 38,913 2,143,000 20,806 2,074,000 £0,136 8,225,000 79,854 1,128,000 10,951 1932-33 12,911,000 35,373 8,345,000 • 22,863 7,203,000 19,734 28,459,000 77,970 3,904,000 t10,696 1933-34 13,607,000 37,279 9,638,000 26,405 8,097,000 22,184 31,342,000 85,868 4,464,000 12,230 1934-35 15,445,000 42,315 9,794,000 26,832 9,079,000 24,874 34,318,000 94,022 5,006,000 13,715 ^,&>,5 '5, to * The^guresforthe period'20/3/32 to 30/6/34 are less than those shown in previous rejjofts^because"of a revision in the. v ^ V ^ \^ ^* calculation "of^road traffic. f - ' ' It will be noted that a satisfactory progressive increase of all classes of traffic has taken place each year since the bridge was opened. During the last financial year, however, the increase in railway traffic has been at a much greater rate than the traffic by tram. This is possibly due to reductions in railway passenger charges which took place in November, 1933, and thus were effective for a full year during 1934-35. A somewhat corresponding transfer of traffic from the. railways to tramways seems to have taken place in 1932-33. In that year the tramway charge was reduced from 4d. to 3d. per passenger, the reduction operating from October, 1932.

REDUCTIONS IN ROAD TOLLS. Bearing in mind the incidence of charges levied upon the various contributors to the upkeep of the bridge, and in view.of the steady improvement in the receipts from road tolls, the Government reviewed the rates of toll in September, 1934. It was concluded that the greatest need for relief was in respect of commercial vehicles. The charges prescribed for motor lorries were therefore amended in accordance with the following scale.— Vehicles over 3 tons tare weight—Charge reduced from 3/- to 2/-. Vehicles over 2 tons and not exceeding 3 tons tare weight—Charge reduced from 2/- to l/6d. Vehicles riot exceeding 2 tons tare weight—Charge reduced from 1/- to 9d. The reduced charges. came into force on 21st September, 1934, and from this date also the charge for children under fourteen years of age was eliminated. The total reduction in income because of these reductions has been estimated to amount to between £9,000 and £10,000 per annum.

DISPOSAL OF RESIDUE LANDS AND ADMINISTRATION OF PROPERTOS. The Government's decision set out in the last Annual Report relevant to the vesting of surplus lands was given effect to, where possible, during the year. Public Roads, for the most part in use, were vested in the respective Councils. Two small areas at North Sydney were vested in the Commissioner for Railways and about fourteen (14) acres of land were vested in the North Sydney Council for park and recreation purposes. A further area of four (4) acres was vested in the City Council for park and recreation purposes. The small park area at the southern end of Bradfield Highway has been retained by the Department and arrangements made with the City Council for its maintenance. The improved residues have been leased and consideration has been given to the necessity of reviving those areas that have suffered by. reason of their proximity to the Bridge Approaches. On land granted to it at North Sydney the Council has .commenced the construction of a swimming pool to Olympic Standards. Adjoining the swimming pool and occupying the balance of the Dorman Long Workshop site an area has been leased for a term of twenty (20) years for public entertainment and has already constructed upon it an Amusement Park. The obligation is on the lessee to pay rates and taxes and this incident will be a source of revenue to the North Sydney Council. Negotiations were completed during the year for leasing two of the three concrete arches supporting the southern approach and the construction work required to provide suitable accommodation for the tenancies arranged is nearing completion. Arrangements have also been concluded for leasing the third arch and the tenancies in the case of all three arches are for periods of twenty (20) years. The floor space to be made available in these arches will aggregate nearly forty-four thousand (44,000) square feet arid the treatment effected in the structural additions preserves the natural lighting ' facilities which are particularly suitable for the class of business proposed to be carried on by the tenants. .The arch effect is maintained by setting back the framework of the new structures from the York-street frontage to a distance of approximately eight (8) feet.

MAINTENANCE. The system adopted for maintaining the protective cover of paint on steel portions of the Bridge has been to patch-paint any portion which showed signs of corrosion, and this process has been carried on since the taking over of maintenance from the Contractors in September, 1932. During the year this treatment was applied to such portions of the last-erected member of the structure, i.e. the Main Span, which required immediate attention upon completion, the programme being to complete such work of patch-painting before commencing the general repainting of the Bridge, starting with the Approach Spans, which it was considered would be necessary during the following year. * 67030—E 64

For the patch-painting two painting squads were employed, one at the northern and one at the southern end, each consisting of six. painters, seven iron-workers and three riggers; four boiler makers were also employed for caulking, • . The paints used for patch-painting were mixed on the site to the Department's own specifications, 1,105 gallons of grey paint, and 400 gallons of red-lead primer being used during the year. Owing to the nature of the material and surface condition of the rivet-heads, rust forms more readily on and around rivet-heads than elsewhere. The removal of this rust by hand methods is a laborious process, a considerable proportion of the time involved in cleaning the steelwork being taken up with the rivet- heads themselves. Experiments have been carried out on different kinds of rivet-cleaning devices and a satisfactory tool, electrically operated, has been evolved for this purpose. In the 8th Annual Report mention was made of certain work carried out with the object of making all joints and connections in the structure watertight, and so eliminating corrosion in these locations. This attention will result in a considerable saving in maintenance costs in future years as the greater part

;of:the initial expenditure involved will not have to be incurred again. Work of this nature was continued during the year, the main items being as follow: — Caulking of capilliary crevices between web plates in posts, hangers, tie-plates, and lacings of Main Span. Sealing of gusset slots in top flange plates of lower chord of Main Span. Sealing of all pockets in upper and lower lateral bracing systems. A series of experiments was made in order to ascertain the most suitable fillers for use in the abovementioned work, and the types of material found most satisfactory after an eight-months exposure test were used. * In addition, certain minor repairs were carried out to the concrete viaducts and retaining walls, the chief items of work being: — The water-proofing of cracks in the cement rendering along the parapets, retaining walls and expansion joints, in order to prevent moisture percolating into the crevices and causing further cracking. Investigation by means of boring through the road pavement of the degree of settlement of the rilling on which the road and footway slabs are founded, following on which minor repairs to the footway slabs were carried out. Adjustment of cross-grading of the road-slab in the vicinity of the Toll­ house will shortly be undertaken. Regrading and drainage of the approaches to the transverse footbridge connecting the eastern and western main footways in order to urn/prove conditions in wet weather. A contract was let for the drainage of the areas at the 155-ft. level within the pylons, the re-grading of the areas being carried out by day-labour. The expenditure on maintenance and upkeep, including lighting and cleaning, for the year was a& follows :— £ s. d. 1. Maintenance of structure 14,872 16 11 2. Stairways and footways along lower chords North and South Approach Spans- supply of materials and erection 1,349 12 11 3. Cranes and fitting brakes 263 8 11 4. Lighting and power ...... 3,480 1 6 5. Maintenance of pavement 174 18 0 6. Cleaning pavement 491 9 8 7. Upkeep of parks 807 15 5 8. Workers' Compensation 321 4 6 9. Attendants and upkeep of Public Conveniences, etc. 629 2 9 10. Supervision and other charges... 1,159 10 0

Total as per Income & Expenditure A/c on page 60 £23,550 0 7 ACCESS TO STRUCTURE AND SAFETY MEASURES. Considerable attention has been given to the improvement of access to the various parts of the bridge structure for maintenance purposes, and for the better protection of the maintenance employees and the public crossing the bridge or passing beneath it. The main works undertaken in this connection are as follow :— Main Span^-Two band brakes were installed in each of the four travelling cranes on the top chords supplementing the existing solenoid brakes for the purposes of providing an additional margin of safety and greater facility in the operation of the stages suspended from these cranes. The rigging of the stages used for the patch-painting of the lateral systems of the arch span involved the provision of permanent anchorage cleats in each panel, to which the supporting cables were attached. These cleats will considerably facilitate the rigging of staging in future, and lessen the risk of accident. The winding ropes hauling the staging suspended from each of the four cranes oh the top chord of the Main Span have been tested;. sections having been cut from the extremity of each for test purposes, the safe working load for each rope having been determined from the results of these tests. Approach Spans—A Contract was let in January for the fabrication and delivery of steelwork for two stairways and 4,000 feet of footwalks providing access from the pylons to each of the Approach Spans the erection being carried out by day-labour. The heavy hardwood flooring originally provided on the lower bracing of the gantries of the Approach Spans has been replaced by lighter timber laid along the top bracing, thus providing easy accesB along the gantries. Collapsible hand-railing has also been provided. The load-chain shackles and links supporting these gantries have all been proof-tested by the Testing Branch of the Railway Department. As bearing on the general question of the safety conditions of maintenance work on the bridge it is pleasing to be able to report that no serious injury has been sustained by bridge maintenance employees, during the year under review. 65

PART VI.—MISCELLANEOUS. AGGREGATE STATEMENT OE INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FROM THE INCEPTION OF THE MAIN ROADS BOARD (1ST JANUARY, 1925) TO 30TH JUNE, 1935 (TEN YEARS).

Heading. 1925-26. 1926-27. 1927-28. 1928-29. 1929-30. 1930-31 1032-33. 1933-34, 1934-35. \ Total

County of Cumberland Main Roads Fund. INCOME. {a) Revenue- £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ Motor Taxation (State) 353,324 112,453 323,515 252,722 267,237 283,562 318,171 2,790,359 Commonwealth Govt. Petrol Tax .... 68,000 326,101 278,023 281,251 109,414 110,407 136,515 153,325 583,661 Councils' Contributions 368,166 262,058 324,212 323,659 268,784,. . 242,126 236,209 . 3,151,017 Consolidated Revenue .-. 29,835 ' 25,000 25,000 390,'589 370,510 364,'704 79,835 Unemployment Relief Grants (Rev.). 3,706 3,706 Contributions by other Departments. 9,750 1,411 "711 4,643 2,576 19,091 Miscellaneous - ' 13,816,. , 14,034 , 57,726 . 28,338 ,25,426 : 19.-747 - -18,453 17,366 10,028 212,884

(/>) Loans— / State Government Loans 300,000 211,216 200,000 350,000 50,000 1,111,216 Unemployment Relief Loans - 54,000 105,000 18,000 6,000 43,000 10,850 236,850 Loans raised by Councils 38,282 349,747 165;140 122,518 18,511 "591* 693,613 671,592 &r,888,232 Less Payments to Consolidated Revenue in accordance with the Finances Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1932 ...... 46,000 ... 40,000 Total 1,121,275 716,825 1,341,508 1,307,562 855,389 699,642 710,068 625,592 727,212 737,159 8,842,232

EXPENDITURE. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges 148,511 205,840 239,095 204,788 240,422 175,410 199,928 234,196 229,656 353,174 2,231,020 Construction of Roads and Bridges 377,672 647,970 710,344 633,769 611,184 350,718 119,357 158,411 225,159 297,475 4,138,059 Interest and Loan Repayment— Principal 94,359 65,064 67,569 120,845 134,820 123,744 134,534 137,007 143,852 •145,032 1,157,286 Interest 51,113 35,085 .74,679 .85,944 123,423 102,987 '92,379 . 79,508 93,694 82,858 , 821,730 Exchange and Management Expenses 0,160 11,722 7,729 9,996 7,748 43,355 Sinking Fund ' 3,479 3,957 7,436 Administrative. Expenses 10,630 18,094 19,937 23,841 24,924 23,087 21,739 3 6,587 14,189 18,102 191,130 Miscellaneous .... 3,005 7,670 3,166 2,788 4,099 2,404 ' 2,242 2,060 1,622 548 29,604 Total 685,290 969,723 1,120,790 1,071,975 1,138,872 784,510 581,701 636,218 721,647 908,894 8,619,620

Country Main Roads Fund. INCOME. (a) Revenue- Motor Taxation (State) 1,120,170 452,382 1,013,773 984,732 1,188,624- 967,634 928,498 961,483 1,090,491 1,141,984 . 9,849,771 Commonwealth Govt. Petrol Tax 178,727 •274,880 14,492 363,132 386,043 445,370 499,851 2,171.323 Councils' Contributions 37,999 21*287 25,231 6,795 5,171 6,585 8,532 10,791 122,391 Consolidated Revenue 114,930 90,000 90,000 2,000 296,930 Unemployment Relief Grants (Rev.).. 48,953 8,721 57,074 Contributions by other Departments.. 2,052 13,280 43,448 896 '"20 151 59,847 Miscellaneous 1,589 8,610 23,547 18,195 10,198 24,757 16,959 '. 17,024 21,215 27,410 .175,516 Transfer from Country Main Roads Fund to Developmental Roads Fund vide Finances Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1931 135,000f 135,000t 270,000t (&) Loans-^- State Government Loans 572,627 300,000 300,000 370,000 100,005 . 144,053 1,786,685 Unemployment Relief Loans 198,000 55,000 30,000 53,353 . 97,382 191,025 631,360 Less Payments to Consolidated Revenue 1,425,108 . 14,881,497 in accordance with the Finances •-. Adjustment (Further Prov • yy."- Act, 1932 154,000 154,000 Total 1,990,095 850,998 1,663,319 1,472,722 1,678,386 1,207,580 1,322,481 1,271,108 1,527,990 1,742,818 14,727,497

EXPENDITURE. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges 328,284 298,205 505,065 837,918 1,074,861 673,424 656,918 935,024 '879,467 1,027,891 7,217,057 Construction of Roads and Bridges 429,954 1,194,779 680,301 716,251 812,892 400,606 133,133 521,388 670,550 721,648 0,281,502 Interest and Loan Repayment- Principal 1,269 1,194 10,130 16,895 22,856 24,440 25,290 30,490 25,940 158,504 Interest : 324 405 4,009 21,070 40,*121 36,585 32,242 105,272 97,040 337,128 Exchange and Management Expenses 2,678 0,088 4,152 16,042 13,968 43,528 Sinking Fund 11,190 12,791 23,981 Administrative Expenses 13,226 22,091 39,481 ' 62,210 64,239 54,103 47,750 49,480 45,848 50,624 449,952 Miscellaneous 4,020 6,519 2,111 4,414 5,724 4,822 4,442 4,011 1,505 1,615 - 39,843 Total 776,084 l,52t,0S7 1,228,557 1,634,992 1,995,681 1,198,010 909,356 1,571,587 1,701,024 1,951,517 14,551,495 1 F ederal Aid Roa< is Fund INCOME. (D) Revenue- , i Motor Taxation (State) 244,864 60,000 10,000 314,804 Commonwealth Govt. Petrol Tax 1,104,000 552,000 276,000 552,000. 2,484,000 Councils' Contributions 19,136 1,222 1,570* ]',090 "400 "'73* 20,211 Consolidated Revenue 103,500 ... 103,500 (b) Loans— 460,500 414,000 20,000 20,000 ... 914,500 State Government Loans, Total 1,668,000 1,230,000 357,222 580,430 1,096 400 73* 3,837,075

EXPENDITURE.

Construction of Roads and Bridges 708,181 962,858 1,090,882 057,047 177,874 72,708 32,234 ... 3,761,784 I nterest and Loan Repayment- Principal , 19,864 28,561 26,866 . 75,291 32,234 Total 1 - 768,181 982,722 1,119,443 683,913, 177,8,4 72,708 a 3,837,076 Adjustment of Income shown in previous year. t Debit. 66

AGGREGATE STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE, ETC.—continued.

Heading. 1925-26. 1926-27. 1927-28. 1928-29. 1929-30. 1930-31. 1931-32. 1932-33. 1933-34. 1034-35. Total

Developmental Roads Fund.

INCOME. £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ . £ £ (a) Revenue— Commonwealth Govt. Petrol Tax ... 137,676 563 79,895 1 218,135 Councils' Contributions 263 "251 1 *326 "l67 "'52 1,059 Consolidated Revenue, 138,000 "300 300 1,050 139,650 Unemployment Relief Grants (Rev.) 64,043 "600 04,643 Miscellaneous "' 1 "319 732 13 "232 9,879 9,900 21,082

Provisions) Act, 1931 ...... 135,000 135,000 270,000 (6) Loans— State Government Loans 126,327 138,000 250,000 51,425 66,001 631,753 Unemployment Relief Loans 26,000 65,000 44,669 32,846 81,710 120,748 370,973 Total 264,003 276,000 26,001 315,569 176,608 131,340 864 33,404 227,806 265,700 1,717,295

EXPENDITURE. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges 252 198 553 365 1,368 Construction of Roads and Bridges 101,408 152,007 188,238 247,205 263,380 176,549 34,487 30,749 111,236 279,161 1,584,480 Interest and Loan Repayment— Principal Interest ' ... 33,495 31,891 65,'3S6 Exchange and Management Expenses 5,657 4,857 10,514 Sinking Fund 3,690 4,122 7,812 Administrative Expenses ' 4,787 8,007 6,756 2,243 1,379 3,662 8,050 34,884 Miscellaneous 36 36 Total 101,468 152,007 188,238 251,992 271,387 183,305 36,982 32,362 158,293 328,446 1,704,480

Total All Funds.

INCOME. (a) Revenue— < Motor Taxation (State) 1,473,494 564,835 1,337,288 1,555,697 1,526,647 1,258,885 : 1,181,220 1.228,720 1,374,053 1,460,155, 12,960,994 * Commonwealth Govt. Petrol Tax .... 384,403 1,104,000 560,791 630,775 566,493, 472,546 503,050 581,885 653.176 5,457,119 362,211 431,012 396,993 370,192 1 330,177 270,095 250,752 247,052 3,294,678 Councils* Contributions 368,166 262,058 1 v s Consolidated Revenue 144,765 253,000 218,500 2,000 300 300 1,050 • 619,915 Unemployment Relief Grants (Rev.). 112,996 r 13,027 126,023 Contributions by other Departments, 2,052 13,280 43,448 10,646 \ 1,411 "731 4,643 2,727 78,938 Miscellaneous 3,539 22,432 37,582 75,927 44,855 50,915 ! 36,719 35,709 48,460 53,344 409,482 (0) Loans— * State Government Loans 998,954 649,216 960,500 1,384,000 221,430 230,054 4,444,154 Unemployment Relief Loans 54,000 329,000 138,000 80,669 86,199 222,092 329,223 1,239,183 Loans raised by Councils 38,282 349,747 165,146 122,618 18,511 "591* 093,613 Less Payments to Consolidated Revenue, In accordance •with the Finances 2,130,504 2,745,677 29,324,099 Adjustment (Further Provisions) Act, 1932 ...... 200,000 200,000 Total 3,375,373 1,843,823 4,698,828 4,325,853 3,067,605 2,618,992 2,034,509 1,930,504 2,482,935 2,745,677 29,124,099

EXPENDITURE. Maintenance of Roads and Bridges 476,795 504,045 744,160 1,042,706 1,315,283 848,834 857,098 1,169,418 1,109,676 1,381,430 9,449,445 Construction of Roads and Bridges 909,094 1,994,756 2,353,064 2,560,083 2,778,338 1,584,920 464,851 783,256 1,039,179 1,298,284 15,765,825 Interest and Loan Repayment— Principal 94,359 56,333 08,763 150,839 180,276 173,466 158,774 162,957 174,342 170,972 1,391,081 Interest 51,113 35,409 75,084 90,013 144,493 143,108 128,904 111,810 232,911 211,789 1,224,694 Exchange and Management Expenses 8,838 j 17,810 • 11,881 32,295 26,573 97,397 Sinking Fund 18,359 20,870 39,229 Administrative Expenses 23,856 41,085 59,418 90,838 97,170 83,'940 71,732 67,446 63,699 76,776 675,966 „ Miscellaneous 7,625 14,189 5,277 7,202 9,823 7,226 6,084 6,107 3,187 2,163 69,48$-$ Total 1,562,842 2,645,817 3,305,766 3,941,681 4,525,383 2,850,338 1,705,913 2,312,875 2,673,648 3,188.857 28,713,120- 1 Adjustment of Income shown in previous year. SUMMARY OF WORK AUTHORISED, COMPLETED, AND IN PROGRESS.

COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND. WORK AUTHORISED, COMPLETED AND IN PROGRESS FROM 1ST JANUARY, 1925, TO 30TH JUNE, 1935.

- Up to 30th June, 1934. Year 1934-35. • Total from In Progress at 1st July, 1934. InProgres3atl3t.Tnly. 1935. 1st January, 1925, to 30th June, 1935. Type of Road. Authorised. Completed. Authorised. Completed.

Second­ Develop­ Second­ Develop­ Second­ Develop­ Second­ Develop­ Main. Second­ Develop­ Second­ Develop­ Author­ Com-' Main. ary. mental. Total. Main. ary. mental. Total. Main. ary. mental. Total. Main. ary. mental, Total. ary. mental. Total. - Main. ary. mental. Total. ised. pleted.

mis ft. rals. ft. mis. ft. ml3. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. tt. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mi?, ft. mi? mis. ft. mis. ft. 15' 2472 0 2410 15 4382 15 2472 0 2410 15 4882 1 2975 1 2975 0 1875 0 1875 1 1100 1 1100 17 2577 16 1477 Broken stone mac- 0 1000 i 2400 • 1 3406 0 1000 1 2406 1 3406 1 3406 1 3406 Macadam, sprayed with tar or bitu- 25 2333 l 3663 9 3230 36 ' 3946 25 2333 1 3663 9 3230 36 3946 36 3946 36 3946 Penetration tar or bituminous mac- 32 1040 4 2533 36 3579 32 286 4 2533 30 2819 0 760 0 760 0 1136 0 3900 0 5036 0 1896 0 1896 0 3900 0 3900 37 3335 36 4715 Premised tar or bituminous mac- 42- 5012 42 • 5012 42. 3875 42 3875 0 1137 0 -1137il7 5108 17 5108 4 4118 4 4118 13 2127 13 2127 60 4840 47 2713 Cement concrete ... S6 2060 3 "4240 90 1020 80 595 3 "4240 83 4835 0 1465 6 1405 4 1934 0 "4391 5 1045 8 0707 0 "3264 8 4031 2 2632 0 "il27 2 3759 95 2065 92 3586 Cement concrete, surfaced with as­ phaltic concrete.. 12 3370 4 80 16 3456 12 3376 4 80 16 3456 3180 0 3180 0 3180 0 3180 17 1356 17 1356 Total 215 1459 15 • 4772 9 3230 240 4181 208 3377 15 4772 9 3230 234 0819 6 3362 6 3362 24 3773 1 3011 26 1504 14 1276 0 3264 |l4 4540 17 0579 0 5027 18 0326 267 0405 249 0079 i -a COUNTRY. ' WORK AUTHORISED, COMPLETED, AND IN PROGRESS FROM 1ST JANUARY, 1925, TO 30TH JUNE, 1935. (INCLUDING FEDERAL AID WORKS IN THE WESTERN DIVISION).

Year 1934-35. Up to 30th June, 1934. Total from In Progress at 1st July 1934. In Progress at 1st July, 1935. 1st January, 1925, to 30th June, 1935. Authorised. Completed. Type of Road. Authorised. Completed.

Com: Develop­ Total. -Develop­ Develop­ Develop­ Total. Main. Develop­ Total. Main. Develop­ Total. Author­ Main. mental. Main. mental. Total. Ma in. mental. Total. Main. mental. mental. mental. ised. picted. i

mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis ft. mis ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. mis. ft. 269 4063 537 1222 S07 0005 269 4063 531 3268 801 2051 5 3234 5 3234 ... 5 3234 5 3234 807 0005 801 2051 990 2183 138 0029 1,128 2212 952 4816 114 2634 1,067 2170 37 ' 2647 23 2075 61 0042 12 0265 16 ' 3429 28 3694 39 "*448 1 21 "3219 61 2420 9 3711 18 2885 28 1316 1157 0626 1,128 4590 46 3762 38 1704 85 0186 40 3234 38 1704 78 4938 6 • 0528 6 0528 5 2310 78 0469 83 2779 11 2838 2 1486 -13 4324 75 4263 75 4263 168 2965 92 3982 1,045 4518 526 4943 1,572 4181 962 4609 466 4789 1,429 4118 82 5189 00 0154 143 0063 176 2244 210 5261 387 2225 120 2151 90 4226 211 1097 139 0002 180 1189 319 1191 1,960 1126 1,040 5215 Broken stone (macadam) ... 188 0336 147 3296 335 3632 108 5206 112 0953 281 OS 79 19 0410 35 2343 54 2753 •6 0610 3 2052 9' 2662 19 3620 33 5277 53 3617 5 2680 4 4398 10 1798 345 1014 334 4496 Gravel and macadam sprayed with .tar or bitu- 211 2386 . 7 4202 219 1308 160 1099 7 4202 108 0021 51 1287 51 12S7 15 3018 15 3018 37 0074 37 0074 29 4231 29 4231 234 4326 205 0095 Venetratlon tar or bitumin- 205 5222 5 1981 211 1920 187 3795 5 1984 193 0499 18 1427 „ 18 1427 3 *2186 3 •2186 14 2541 14 2541 0 1980 0 1980 207 5020 207 3040 Ptemlxed tar or bituminous • - 91 2544 4 1929 95 4473 ' 86 2774 • 4 1929 90 4703 4- 5050 4 5050 22 2401 22 2401 j~4 1771 4 1771 23 0400 23 0400 118 1594 95 1194 51- 2557 51 2557 50 4259 50 4259 0 3578 0 3578 0 *0107 0 •0107 ; 0 3471 ... - 0 3471 51 2450 51 2450 Cement concrete, with as- *1 283~2 " 1 2832 1 2832 1 2832 0 0542 0 0542 i o. 0542 ... 0 0542 ... 1 3374 1 3374 Total 3,102 :4003 1,405 3469 "4;508 2192 2,881 5007 1,281 0343 4,103 0070 220 4276 -124 3126 345 2122 234 3817 300 0651 543- 44,68 '248 0369 148 3648 396 4017 207 2444 285 0129 492 2573 5,052 1380 4,559" 4087 ) * Work cancelled. 68

TREE PLANTING ON MAIN ROADS AND PRESERVATION OE ROADSIDE FLORA. In the last Annual Report reference was made to the proposal of the Department to grant assistance for any approved works involved in the planting, protection and maintenance of trees on State Highways, Trunk Roads, and Main and Secondary Roads on the same basis as that granted for the maintenance and improvement of the road itself. Preliminary work was necessary in the preparation of a list of trees suitable for roadside planting, having regard to climatic and soil conditions, and this has been tentatively completed. It is pleasing to record that Councils generally have readily responded to the Department's offer of assistance and many proposals have been approved and the planting of trees carried out. A number of these tree planting schemes have been in the nature of avenues forming the approaches to country towns. The Department itself has undertaken the preparation of a comprehensive scheme of tree planting on all the. State Highways. Planting has proceeded during the year and will be continued, as far as funds will permit, during the next planting season. In the Metropolitan Division a number of schemes, including proposals submitted by local Councils, are under consideration, but on account of the difficulty arising from the presence of pipes and mains in footpath areas, the Department does not favour the planting of trees on roads of the standard width of 66 feet with 12 feet pathways where the latter area is likely to be required in the future for public utility services. These conditions are likely to obtain on main roads in the inner Metropolitan areas. In addition to its tree planting proposals the Department has also taken action with a view to preserving native flora already growing within the boundaries of main roads. In this regard Section 39 (5) of the Main Roads Act, 1924—31, provides that a Council shall not grant to any person permission or authorise any of its servants to remove or interfere with any tree, or to remove or interfere with any works or structures existing on main roads, without the approval of the Department. This section of the Act has had application since June, 1928, to all main roads in the County of Cumberland, and since September, 1928, to country State Highways, and subsequently to all country main roads. The Department has, with the co-operation of Councils, been successful in securing a minimum of interference with roadside flora by private individuals, although in some cases it was necessary to request Councils to prosecute offenders and to have notices erected warning the public. The operations of the Postmaster-General's Department extend over the length of the main roads system of the State, and negotiations to secure the fullest co-operation of that Department in the preservation of flora within road boundaries are proceeding. Several cases have come under notice where the Electricity Authorities, in establishing new schemes and extending existing ones, have not taken every precaution in this regard. The co-operation of country Councils has therefore been requested with a view to ensuring that all proposals for the erection of transmission lines on main roads be referred to this Department before approval is granted, in accordance with the requirements of Section 39 of the Act*previously referred to. In addition it has been stipulated that the condition of the Department's approval will be that interference, with trees, etc., is to occur only where unavoidable, and that if thought desirable and practicable, suitable trees are to be planted at selected points and maintained by the Electricity Authority in replacement of those destroyed. •

PLANT. In the development pf improved methods of construction and maintenance the Department has made use of machinery to obtain uniformity and, more particularly, economy in its work. The mechanised construction of roads was highly developed some years ago but the Department's continued activity towards securing improvements in the riding qualities of road surfaces and the development of improved technique has resulted in noticeable growth in the use of plant during the year. The use of the drag re-sheeting process mentioned in previous Reports, and now adopted as a standard method, has led to the establishment of centrally situated plants for the preparation of hot-mix macadam, and, where economical, the use of more mobile units. This is a marked contrast to the methods of road maintenance in vogue at the inception of the Department's activities when the patching of pavements was carried out by small patrols consisting of two or three men, with horse and dray, who prepared their patching material by hand mixing on a hot-plate at .the side of the road. Under the present system the patrols are provided with motor lorries, materials for patching being supplied from the nearest mixing plant c,v> required. In this way a greater measure of uniformity and economy is achieved and the mobility of the maintenance patrol has resulted in pot-holes in the pavement being a thing of the past. Many improvements have been made in the larger hot-mix units. Developments in the use of cold-mix bituminous materials have led to the adoption of concrete mixers for the production of fchis class of material by the addition of a special measuring device, and by arrangements for warming the mixer drum. This has permitted the extension of the drag process to smaller sections of roadway in the outlying districts where the long haul from the central plants would be uneconomic. Marked developments have taken place in the maintenance of bituminous pavements, in the improved design of plant for spraying tar or bituminous materials, and in the mechanical spreading of screenings. The Department's old steam sprayers having become obsolete and costly to repair were replaced by the latest type of sprayers mounted on motor lorries. These machines differ considerably in general design and principle of operation. In the early type of machine considerable trouble and delay was occasioned during spraying operations on account of bituminous materials congealing and clogging the spray nozzles. This has been very largely overcome by the improved design of nozzles and by provision for circulating hot bitumen from the tank through the spray bar and back to the tank. Improvements have also been made in instantaneous starting and stopping of the spray resulting in much more effective work. Spray bars are also made to traverse the road 9 inches on either side of the centre line of the sprayer, enabling the sprays to meet more accurately when spraying half widths of roadway at a time. Accompanying fthese improved methods of spraying, mechanical devices have been adopted for spreading screenings on newly tarred or bitumen surfaced roads. Prior to the use of mechanical spreaders, small heaps of screenings •were deposited along the edge of the road at frequent intervals and were distributed over the freshly sprayed 69 road, by gangs of men using shovels. Owing to the speed at which the sprayer travelled it was not possible for the men to follow up as quickly as was necessary, and, as a consequence, the sprayer had to be halted after a short run. The spreading of screenings is now done quickly and efficiently by the abovementioned mechanical spreading devices, resulting in lower costs of maintenance and much more effective work. The work of the men, too, is now much less arduous. The maintenance of asphaltic pavements necessitated the provision of an up to date asphaltic plant and a machine for burning off the old pavement prior to resheeting. By these means the Department is in a position to cope with any type of asphaltic concrete or sheet asphalt, and has also adopted the drag resheeting process for use with these materials. A considerable amount of plant is used in various parts of the State, and its efficient operation and maintenance has been arranged for by the supply of motor lorries fitted up as portable workshops in charge of operators skilled in the repair of road plant. A standard colour of plant has been adopted in the interests of uniformity and economy.

. MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION AND VOLUME OF TRAFFIC. The degree of use of roads by motor vehicles varies according to the condition of the roads and the desire or ability of the population to adopt this form of transport. The figures relating to the number of motor vehicle registrations in New South .Wales during the past few years are as follow :—

Motor Motor Motor Motor Lorries, Total. Date. Cars. Cycles. Omnibuses. etc.

31st December, 1924 (com men cement of Mam Roads Act) . 63,701 13,431 18,241 568 95,941 28th February, 1930 (date of maximum registrations) 174,673 45,435 30,620 620 251,348 30th June, 1932 (date of lowest registrations since economic depression) 145,425 38,618 22,773 362 207,178 30th June, 1933 149,117 42,366 22,397 415 214,295 30th June, 1934 .. . 156,663 48,601 22,604 456 228,324 30th June, 1935 166,197 54,919 22,809 503 244,428

It will be seen that coincident with the establishment of a central road authority and the systematic disbursement of funds for the improvement of main and developmental roads there was a large increase in the number of motor vehicles registered. It is not to be concluded, however, that the increased registrations were due to the improvement of the roads alone, as there is no doubt that the condition of roads and number of motor vehicle registrations, have an interacting influence on each other and both simply reflect the growth in popularity of the motor vehicle as a means of transport brought about by the progressive improve­ ment of performance and refinement of the vehicles themselves. It is of interest to note that the variations of registrations from the beginning of 1930 up to. the present are paralleled by the fluctation of the general prosperity of the community. The total number of registrations is rapidly approaching that of the period prior to the economic depression which commenced in 1930 and it is pleasing to mark the large increase in the number of commercial vehicles which stood at 54,919 at 30th June, 1935, compared with 45,435 at the peak date of 28th February, 1930 prior to the depression. Whilst consideration of the total number of vehicles registered is of interest, a better idea of the comparative volume of traffic on the roads can be obtained by an examination of the total mileage travelled by motor vehicles during a given period, and the following figures show the position in that regard:—

Miles travelled Gallons of petrol Average gallons by each vehicle Total miles Year. Total Vehicles. imported and of petrol on basis of travelled by all . locally refined. used per vehicle. 20 m.p.g. for motor vehicles. each vehicle. Y —C \C V Thousand. Million. / Million. 1929-30 249 94 377 7,540 1,877 1930-31 239 58 242 4,840 1,157 1931-32 213 65 305 6,100 \ 1,299 1932-33 212 68 320 6,400 1,357 1933-34 224 78 348 6,960 1,559 1934-35 239 87 364 7,280 1,740 >Y\<1U M Not only were the registrations reduced in number during the depression period but each vehicle $$ ' remaining registered was used to a much lesser degree. There has since been a substantial increase in both the number of registrations and the use of each vehicle until the volume of traffic is practically as heavy as that of the peak period of 1929-30.

STAFF, INDUSTRIAL AND EMPLOYMENT. Consequent upon consideration of a proposal that those members of the Department's clerical and professional staff who were not contributors to the Superannuation Fund under the State Superannuation Act, 1916-1930, should be brought within the provisions of that Act, it was decided to recommend appropriate action to give effect to the proposal. The only members of the staff who had hitherto contributed to the Fund were those officers (numbering 37) who, immediately prior to their transfer to this service, were in the employ of other State Departments or corporate bodies covered by the Superannuation Act. An 70 amendment of the State Superannuation Act was found to be necessary, however, before it could be applied to other than these 37 officers. The required legislation was enacted on the 8th April, 1935, in the Superannuation (Amendment) Act, 1935, which stipulates that the provisions of the Superannuation Act were on and from 19th October, 1934, to apply with respect to the officers affected by the addition of the name of the Commissioner for Main Roads to the schedule of employers included under the provisions of the Act, and contributions thereunder commenced by the Governor's proclamation published in the Government Gazette of 5th May, 1935.. In the preceding Annual Report reference was made to the proposed award for the clerical officers of the Department. This award came before the Industrial Court for determination of the principle whether the existing grading system was to be continued; or in lieu thereof an incremental range system, as asked for by the employees, adopted. The court declined to make an order in7respect of the incremental range system and referred the matter back to the Conciliation Commissioner for further consideration with regard to points upon which agreement had not been reached. After a number of conferences between the representatives of the Department and the Public Service Association, representing the employees, it was found practicable to arrive at an agreement acceptable to both parties in relation to a grading system for salaries and to the conditions of employment generally. An Industrial Agreement was executed with the Association and published in the January, 1935, issue of the Industrial Gazette. In respect of employees, other than the clerical and professional staff, there were 19 applications made to the State Industrial Court and the Conciliation Commissioner during the year under review, 8 being lodged by the Department and 11 by the unions. .The practice of encouraging unions to bring contentious matters relating to conditions of employment under the notice of the Department's Industrial Officer at conferences has again proved successful, there being no strikes or stoppages of work of any magnitude during the year on works carried out directly bfy the Department by day labour. Further attention has been given to the question of a reduction in the' number of rates in the General Labourers', etc. (State) Award, referred to in the last Annual Report. Following upon a number of conferences with the representatives of the unions, application was made to the Industrial Court, consequent upon the basic wage declaration on 24th October, 1934, to have the rates in this award adjusted to the nearest farthing. This application was granted and was later approved in connection with other awards under which the Department's employees are paid. The adjustment of the award rates to the nearest farthing will result in considerable saving of time in the computation of wages and in the dissection of such wages for costing purposes. With regard to its workmen, the Department has continued the practice of promoting wherever possible those employees who possess qualifications fitting them for higher class of work. Skilled men, such as gangers, plant operators, machine men, bitumen and concrete hands, etc., have, as hitherto, been engaged directly by the Department, unskilled labour being engaged through the State Labour Exchanges, both being subject to the provisions of the Returned Soldiers and Sailors' Employment Act. Of the total number engaged during the year, 3,601 men were selected thTOugh the State Labour Exchanges and 379 directly by the Department. The average monthly number of men employed on day labour works directly by the Department during the year was 3,387, as compared with an average of 2,547 during the preceding year. The highest number employed in any qne month was 3,793 in May, 1935, made up as under Maintenance of roads and bridges 2,125 Construction of roads and bridges 1,472 Surveys, Ferries and miscellaneous 196

3,793

Statistics kept by the Department show that at the close of the financial year there were approximately 8,600 men employed in the State on main and developmental road works, comprising 3,679 directly by the Department on day labour works, including unemployment relief works, 805 on contract works and design, supervision, administration, etc., and 4,124 engaged by Shire and Municipal Councils on works wholly or partially financed by the Department.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. In conclusion I desire to record grateful appreciation of the loyal and able assistance at all times rendered by officers and employees of the Department. To the Minister-in-Charge (Lieut.-Col. The Hon. M. F. Bruxner, D.S.O., M.L.A.), to the Heads of other Departments, Corporate Bodies and their staff's, and to the Municipal and Shire Councils and their officers throughout the State, I offer my thanks for uniform courtesy, co-operation and help.

H. H. NEWELL, Commissioner for Main Roads. 28th November, 1935.

[5 Plates."!

Sydney: Alfred James Kent, I.S.O., Government Printer—1935.