US 2015O1 O1506A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0101506 A1 Epple et al. (43) Pub. Date: Apr. 16, 2015

(54) OFFSET PRINTING INK OR OFFSET Publication Classification PRINTING VARNISH (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: Epple Druckfarben AG, OR :49 38:8: Neusaess-Augsburg -Augsb (DE)DE CSK5/00 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Carl Epple, Augsburg (DE); Artur C09D II/2 (2006.01) C09D II/06 (2006.01) Eisele-Kohler, Augsburg (DE) CSK5/09 (2006.01) CSK5/098 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (21) Appl. No.: 14/519,196 CPC. C09D II/08 (2013.01); C08K5/09 (2013.01); C08K 5/103 (2013.01); C08K5/098 (2013.01); C09D 1 1/12 (2013.01); C09D II/06 (2013.01); (22) Filed: Oct. 21, 2014 C08K 5/0041 (2013.01) (57) ABSTRACT The present invention relates to an offset printing ink or offset Related U.S. Application Data printing varnish that is suitable for direct contact with foods, comprising at least one binder and where appropriate at least (63) Continuation of application No. PCT/EP2013/ one colorant, wherein all the components of the offset print 059008, filed on Apr. 30, 2013. ing ink or offset printing varnish are either food as defined in Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament (30) Foreign Application Priority Data and of the Council or food additives as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the May 2, 2012 (DE) ...... 10 2012 103825 Council. US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

OFFSET PRINTING INK OR OFFSET nents that are potentially hazardous to health or whereof the PRINTING VARNISH effects on health are unknown.

0001. This application is a continuation of International SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION application no. PCT/EP2013/059008 filed on Apr. 30, 2013 and claims the benefit of German patent application no. 10 0007. The object of the invention is thus to propose an 2012 103825.2 filed on May 2, 2012, which are incorporated offset printing ink or offset printing varnish that is suitable for herein by reference in their entirety and for all purposes. direct contact with foods. 0008. This object is achieved according to the invention BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION with the offset printing ink or offset printing varnish of the type mentioned in the introduction in that the offset printing 0002 The present invention relates to an offset printing ink or offset printing varnish comprises at least one binder and ink or offset printing varnish, comprising at least one binder where appropriate at least one colorant, wherein all the com and where appropriate at least one colorant. ponents of the offset printing ink or offset printing varnish are 0003 Offset printing inks and printing varnishes are either food as defined in Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the widely used for printing onto food packaging, for example for European Parliament and of the Council or food additives as printing onto food packaging in the form of folding cartons defined in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European using the sheet-fed offset process. Printing inks and printing Parliament and of the Council. varnishes that are permitted for this application sector must 0009. According to Article 2 of the cited Regulation No meet certain conditions so that the possibility of the packaged 178/2002, food (or foodstuff) means any substance or food being contaminated by components of the printing ink or product, whether processed, partially processed or unproc printing varnish that are potentially hazardous to health can essed, intended to be, or reasonably expected to be ingested be ruled out. In particular, there are limit values on the maxi by humans. According to Article 3(2)(a) of the cited Regula mum permissible quantity of components that are permitted tion No 1333/2008, food additives mean any substances not to pass through from the printed outside of the packaging, that normally consumed as a food in themselves and not normally is to say towards the food. This phenomenon is called migra used as a characteristic ingredient of food, whether or not they tion. have nutritive value, the intentional addition of which to food 0004 Offset printing inks include one or more colorants, for a technological purpose in the manufacture, processing, typically pigments, and one or more binders that bind the preparation, treatment, packaging, transport or storage of colorants to the surface of the printing substrate by forming a such food results, or may be reasonably expected to result, in film (in contrast, offset printing varnishes contain no colo them or their by-products becoming directly or indirectly a rants and are used for example to form an additional protec component of Such foods. tive coat over the printing ink). The binder orbinders, for their 0010 Thus, all the components of the offset printing ink or part, include one or more resin components and a solvent printing Varnish according to the invention, that is in particu which dissolves the resin components in the printing ink or lar the at least one colorant and the at least one binder, but also printing varnish and reduces the Viscosity to the required all further components such as auxiliaries and extenders, are level, wherein the solvent enables physical and/or chemical Substances or compositions which are provided and Suitable drying of the printing ink or printing varnish after the printing for human consumption according to the legal definition and procedure in that it evaporates, is absorbed by the printing whereof it is beyond any doubt that they are harmless to Substrate or undergoes oxidative curing. Since in all cases the health, at least within certain quantities. Thus, consumption solvent has by far the greatest volatility of all the components of the printing ink or printing varnish according to the inven of the printing ink or printing varnish, it makes a very Sub tion would overall also be fundamentally harmless, at least in stantial or even the only contribution to the problems of the relatively small quantities which could be transmitted to a migration, with the result that, when offset printing inks and food in the event of direct contact between the printing ink or printing varnishes that are Suitable for food packaging are printing varnish and the food. developed, hitherto considerations have been limited to the 0011 Practical applications which are made possible by selection of suitable solvents. the printing ink or printing varnish according to the invention, 0005 For example, DE 10 2007 012264 A1 proposes a in contrast to the offset printing inks known hitherto for printing ink or printing varnish for food packaging, compris printing onto packaging, are for example printing onto the ing a binder having a resin component and a solvent compo inside of food packaging, which may in particular be of nent, wherein the solvent or components of the solvent are a interest for certain packages for confectionery (such as food or food additive. In this case, contact between the pack advent calendars), and applying printed labels directly to the aged food and the migrating solvent is harmless to health surface of food (such as in the case of bread labels). It is even since the solvent is a component that can itself be used in possible within the scope of the invention to print by the offset foods. procedure directly onto foods such as thin wafers of dough 0006. Despite these developments, offset printing inks and which are known as edible paper. printing varnishes may fundamentally only be used for print 0012. The food additives used within the scope of the ing onto the outside of food packaging, that is to say the present invention are in particular those listed in Annex II of printing inks and printing varnishes must in particular not Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament come into direct contact with the food, since in this case the and of the Council, amended by Regulation (EC) No 1129/ food may be contaminated not only by the solvent but also by 2011 of the Commission, or in Annexes 1 to 7 of the German all the other components of the printing ink or printing var Regulation on Permitted Additives in Food for Technological nish, in particular with the colorant or colorants and binder or Purposes (ZZulV). The substances and compositions listed in binders. However, the offset printing inks and printing var the said regulations are permitted for use in food as a result of nishes known from the prior art always also contain compo their proven harmlessness, at least within the European US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

Union. All the food additives listed in EC Regulation No 0019 Curcumin, riboflavins, tartrazine, quinoline yellow, 1333/2008 have an E number which is to be allocated Orange Yellow S. cochineal, azorubine, amaranth, Cochineal uniquely to them. The German regulation ZZulV additionally Red A, erythrosine, Allura Red AC, Patent Blue V, indigotine, lists some further substances without E numbers which are, Brilliant Blue FCF, chlorophylls, chlorophyllins, copper however, similarly permitted for use in food. complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins, Green S, plain 0013 Furthermore, it is also possible to use for the offset caramel, caustic Sulphite caramel, ammonia caramel, Sulphite printing ink or printing varnish according to the invention ammonia caramel, Brilliant Black BN, vegetable carbon, food additives which are permitted as such in a different Brown HT, carotenes, annatto, capsanthin, capsorubin, lyco country, Such as the USA, as a result of their proven harm pene, beta-apo-8-carotenal, lutein, canthaxanthin, betanin, lessness. anthocyanins, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, iron oxides, iron hydroxides, aluminium, silver, gold and lithol DETAILED DESCRIPTION rubine BK. 0014. The present invention relates to an offset printing 0020 Particularly preferred of these colorants are indigo ink or offset printing varnish that is suitable for direct contact tine (E132), Brilliant Blue FCF (E133), erythrosine (E127), with foods, comprising at least one binder and where appro Allura Red AC (E129), tartrazine (E102), Orange Yellow S priate at least one colorant, wherein all the components of the (E110) and mixtures thereof. offset printing ink or offset printing varnish are either food as 0021. A significant component of the binder of offset defined in Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European printing inks or printing varnishes is formed by resin compo Parliament and of the Council or food additives as defined in nents, which are responsible for the actual binding of the Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament colorant or colorants to the printing Substrate. According to and of the Council. the prior art there are typically used as resin components 0015 The food additives used within the scope of the synthetic or semisynthetic polymers, in particular alkyd res present invention may comprise those listed in Annex II of ins and phenol-modified colophony resins, which in principle Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament are not possible for direct contact with food as a result of and of the Council, amended by Regulation (EC) No 1129/ constituents which are hazardous to health. 2011 of the Commission, or in Annexes 1 to 7 of the German 0022. As an alternative to the resin components used hith Regulation on Permitted Additives in Food for Technological erto, according to an embodiment of the invention the at least Purposes (ZZulV). The substances and compositions listed in one binder comprises one or more unmodified natural resins. the said regulations are permitted for use in food as a result of The resin or resins are in particular selected from the plant their proven harmlessness, at least within the European resins colophony, wood rosin, tall oil rosin, mastic, copal, Union. All the food additives listed in EC Regulation No dammar, Sandarac and terpene resins, the animal resin shellac 1333/2008 have an E number which is to be allocated and mixtures thereof. Colophony and mastic are permitted as uniquely to them. The German regulation ZZulV additionally food additives according to Annex 4 of ZZulV, and shellac lists some further substances without E numbers which are, (E904) is also permitted according to the EC Regulation however, similarly permitted for use in food. mentioned above. Wood rosin and tall oil rosin, like colo 0016. When selecting the components of an offset printing phony, are obtained from conifers and may be regarded as ink or offset printing varnish, care must be taken that on the variants thereof (colophony, in the strict sense, is called bal one hand the printing ink or printing varnish has the required samic resin). Accordingly, it may be assumed that copal, properties before and during the printing procedure (in par dammar, Sandarac and terpene resins, which have a similar ticular rheological properties such as Viscosity, tackiness composition to colophony, are also harmless to health. etc.), and on the other that the printing result is also satisfac 0023. According to a further preferred embodiment of the tory (for example in respect of drying time, rub resistance invention, the at least one binder comprises one or more etc.). Surprisingly, it has been found that in this respect offset natural polymers from vegetable latices. Polymers of this printing inks or printing varnishes having satisfactory prop kind are already used in the food sector, in particular as basic erties are producible even if the selection of the components materials for manufacturing chewing gum. Surprisingly, is restricted to food and food additives, in particular to the these polymers, which are usually polysaccharides or poly food additives listed in the regulations mentioned above. isoprenes, are well Suited as binders in offset printing inks or 0017. In case of the offset printing ink according to the printing varnishes. invention, it is preferable if it comprises as the colorant one or 0024. The polymer or polymers are preferably selected more pigments and/or one or more dyes, wherein pigments from chicle, natural rubber, gutta-percha and konjac. Chicle is are not soluble in the at least one binder or the solvent com a Xylan polymer from the latex of the sapodilla, a tree from ponent thereof, whereas dyes are soluble therein. The printing Central America, which has long been used for manufactur varnish according to the invention includes no colorants. ing chewing gum. Whereas, in offset printing inks according to the prior art, 0025 Natural rubber and gutta-percha are polyisoprenes pigments are very predominantly used as the colorant, within from the rubber tree and the gutta-percha tree, respectively, the scope of the invention it has been found that good results and both substances are listed in Annex 4 of ZZuV as chew can be achieved in particular also using soluble dyes, which ing gum bases. Konjac (E425) is a polysaccharide from man form a relatively large proportion of the food additives suit nose and glucose which is obtained from the roots of devil's able as colorants. tongue. 0018. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the 0026. As an alternative or in addition, the at least one offset printing ink includes as the colorant one or more of the binder may also comprise one or more synthetic rubbers following components, which are listed in the EC Regulation which are also permitted for manufacturing chewing gum, in mentioned above as food additives having E numbers E 100 to particular butyl rubber and/or styrene/butadiene rubber (both E180: of which are listed in Annex 4 of ZZulV). US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

0027. According to a further, particularly advantageous as food additives. When relatively long-chain triglycerides embodiment of the invention, the at least one binder com are used, the fatty acids should be at least partly unsaturated, prises one or more esters of resin acids. Resin acids are natural since otherwise the triglycerides have too high a melting constituents of the vegetable resins mentioned above, point. As an alternative, Saturated medium-chain triglycer wherein the resin acids are selected in particular from abietic ides (MCTs) with Co- to Ca-fatty acids may be used, such as acid, neoabietic acid, pimaric acid, levopimaric acid, palus glycerol tri(caprylate or caprate). tric acid, agathic acid, illuric acid and/or podocarpic acid. 0037. As an alternative or in addition to triglycerides, the Esterification of the resin acids allows the properties of the Solvent or solvents may also be selected from propylene gly printing ink or printing varnish according to the invention to col esters of saturated or unsaturated C- to Co-fatty acids, in be further improved by comparison with the use of unmodi particular C- to C-fatty acids. These are permitted as E474. fied natural resins as the binder. 0038. Further suitable solvents within the scope of the 0028. For the esters of resin acids used according to the invention may be selected from mono- or diglycerides of invention, the resin acids are preferably esterified with glyc saturated or unsaturated C- to Co-fatty acids, in particular erol, pentaerythritol or methanol. These esters of the resin Co- to C-fatty acids, and esters of these mono- and diglyc acids—which are in themselves harmless—in turn give reac erides with edible acids, in particular acetic acid, lactic acid, tion products which are harmless to health. Here, the glycerol citric acid, tartaric acid, mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid and esters of the resin acids are particularly preferred. mixtures thereof (permitted as E471 and E472a to E472f). 0029. The resin acids in the ester or esters used as binders 0039 Finally, sucrose acetate isobutyrate (E444) may also according to the invention may also be dimerised or polymer be used as the solvent or one of the solvents. ised. 0040 Given the desired hydrophobic nature of the offset 0030. Within the scope of the invention, the resin acid printing ink according to the invention or the offset printing esters may be obtained from one or more isolated resin acids. varnish according to the invention, it is preferable if the sol However, it is a simpler and hence preferable procedure to vent contains no water and no lower alcohols. Lower alcohols obtain the ester or esters by reacting natural resin with one or include in particular the water-miscible compounds metha more alcohols. A product that is obtained by esterification of nol, ethanol and propanol, and butanol, which is sparingly the resin acids in natural colophony is then called, for soluble in water. example, a colophony ester (listed in Annex 4 of ZZuIV). 0041. Through the selection of the solvent or solvents, it is 0031. As a further modification, it is possible for the resin possible in particular also to adjust the viscosity of the print acids in the ester or esters to be at least partly hydrogenated. ing ink or printing varnish to make it suitable for offset print As a result, the stability of the products can be increased by ing. Preferably, the offset printing ink according to the inven reducing their reactivity, in particular to prevent undesired tion or the offset printing varnish according to the invention oxidation. has a viscosity of 20 to 200 Pas, in particular 50 to 100 Pas. 0032 Various esters of resin acids are permitted, in the USA at least, for manufacturing chewing gum (see 21 CFR 0042. As well as the significant components of the binder 172.615), in particular glycerol esters of colophony, tall oil and (in the case of the offset printing ink according to the resin or wood rosin (this last also called E445), glycerolesters invention) the colorant, further components may be provided of partly dimerised colophony, glycerolesters of polymerised to optimise the properties of the offset printing ink or printing colophony, glycerol esters of partly hydrogenated colophony varnish. These components, which are also food or food addi or wood rosin, pentaerythritol esters of colophony or wood tives, in particular comprise additives for slip or rub, struc rosin, and pentaerythritol esters of partly hydrogenated colo tural additives, rheological additives, extenders and antioxi phony or wood rosin. dants. 0033. Unlike many known offset printing inks or printing 0043. Additives that are favourably used within the con varnishes, the binder according to the present invention in text of the invention are in particular selected from tragacanth particular contains no phenol-modified resins or esters of (E413), carrageenan (E407), gum arabic (E414), candelilla resin acids with phenolic compounds, since—as mentioned wax (E902), carnauba wax (E903), microcrystalline waxes above-Such constituents are not suitable for food. (E905), unmodified and modified starches (such as E 1004 to 0034) Favourably, the at least one binder of the offset E1051), paraffins, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl printing ink and printing varnish according to the invention esters of C- to Cs-fatty acids and mixtures thereof (the additionally comprises one or more solvents in the form of substances with no E numbers are listed in Annex 4 of liquid hydrophobic components. In this context, the solvents ZZuIV). are also called printing ink oils; they must be suitable for 0044) The offset printing ink or printing varnish according dissolving the resin component or components. to the invention may further include one or more extenders 0035 Given the method conventionally used in offset which are selected from calcium carbonate (E170), silicon printing, in which first a hydrophilic damping agent is applied dioxide (E551), talc (E553b), aluminium silicate (E559) and to the regions of the printing plate onto which there is to be no mixtures thereof. printing, it is Substantially preferable for the printing ink or 0045 Finally, the printing ink or printing varnish may printing varnish to be hydrophobic overall. comprise one or more antioxidants, which are preferably 0036. As mentioned in the introduction, solvents which selected from ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl are suitable for offset printing inks and are food or food Stearate, isoascorbic acid, tocopherols, propyl, octyl and additives are known in principle. Within the scope of the dodecyl gallate, tert.-butyl hydroquinone, butylated present invention, the solvent or solvents may in particular be hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and mixtures selected from vegetable oils (such as sunflower oil or soya thereof (see E300 to E321). By adding antioxidants, it is bean oil), fractions or components of vegetable oils, and possible in particular to prevent or at least reduce undesired synthetic triglycerides of saturated or unsaturated C- to Co oxidation of unsaturated resin acids, resin acid esters and/or fatty acids, in particular Co- to C-fatty acids. Synthetic fatty acid esters contained in the binder or binders. triglycerides have a structure corresponding to that of the 0046. The examples below serve to explain the invention components of vegetable oils and hence are also as harmless in more detail. US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

Examples 2. Manufacture of Offset Printing Inks According to the Invention 1. Manufacture of Offset Printing Varnishes According to the Invention 0048. To manufacture offset printing inks according to the invention in accordance with the example recipes. A to D in 0047. Example recipes I to IV according to Table 1 below Table 2 below, the printing varnishes or finishes I to IV were include only binder constituents, that is to say resin compo combined with various colorants, additives, extenders and nents and solvents, which are food or food additives. The antioxidants. compositions may be used as such as offset printing varnishes according to the invention, or may be combined with one or TABLE 2 more colorants to give an offset printing ink according to the invention. As the starting point for manufacturing an offset Component Weight% printing ink, the binder is also called “finish'. Recipe A: Printing varnish I 72.5 TABLE 1. Brilliant Blue FCF (E133) 22.0 Calcium carbonate (E170) 4.0 Component Product name Manufacturer Weight % Butylated hydroxytoluene (E321) O.S Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Recipe I: Recipe B: Colophony TER HELL 40.O Printing varnish II 76.O Soya bean oil Henry Lamotte 6O.O Quinoline yellow (E104) 2O.O Recipe II: Talc (E553b) 3.0 Glycerol ester of YSerGum 115 Euro-Yser SO.O Candelilla wax (E902) 1.O colophony Recipe C: Glycerol mono- Capmul MCM ABITEC 3O.O Printing varnish III 74.O and di-(caprylate? Azorubine (E122) 22.0 caprate) Calcium carbonate (E170) 4.0 Coconut oil Henry Lamotte 2O.O Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Recipe III: Recipe D: Pentaeryrithritol YSerGun 122 Euro-Yser 6O.O Printing varnish IV 74.5 ester of colophony Allura Red AC (E129) 2O.O Propyleneglycol Romulgin PGCC Ecogreen 40.O Calcium carbonate (E170) 4.0 di-(caprylate? Butylated hydroxyanisole (E320) O.S caprate) Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Recipe IV: Recipe E: Glycerol ester of YSerGun 212 Euro-Yser SO.O Printing varnish V 7O.O polymerised Brown HT (E155) 2O.O colophony Mono-and diglycerides of edible fatty acids 9.0 Sunflower oil Gustav Heess SO.O (E471) Recipe V: Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Recipe F: Glycerol ester of Pinova Ester Gum Pinova 6O.O wood rosin 8BG Printing varnish VI 7O.O Acetic acid ester Radiamuls Acetem Oleon 36.0 of mono- and 2134 Cochineal Red A (E124) 2O.O diglycerides Acetic acid ester of E471 (E472a) 9.0 Calcium Stearate LIGA Calcium Peter Greven 4.0 Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Stearate CPR-2-V Recipe G: Recipe VI: Printing varnish IV 3S.O Hydrogenated Nuroz HRGE 85E Newport Industries 59.0 Printing varnish V 3S.O glycerol ester Ltd. Allura Red AC (E129) 2O.O Magnesium LIGA Magnesium Peter Greven 4.0 Citric acid ester of E471 (E472c) 8.5 Stearate Stearate MF-2-V Butylated hydroxyanisole (E320) O.S Soya lecithin LECICOF 600 LECICO 37.0 Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O Recipe VII: Recipe H: Glycerol ester of YSerGum 116 Euro-Yser 45.O Printing varnish VI 3S.O colophony Printing varnish II 3S.O Polysorbate 20 Radiamuls Sorb Oleon 55.0 Cochineal Red A (E124) 2O.O 2137 Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (E477) 8.5 Recipe VIII: Butylated hydroxyanisole (E320) O.S Glycerol ester of Staybelite Ester 5 Pinova SO.O Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O partly Recipe I: hydrogenated wood rosin Printing varnish VII 75.5 Citric acid ester of Coris I Lasenor SO.O Tartrazine (E102) 2O.O mono- and Butylated hydroxyanisole (E320) O.S diglycerides Calcium carbonate (E170) 4.0 Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

TABLE 2-continued rophyllins, Green S, plain caramel, caustic Sulphite caramel, ammonia caramel, Sulphite ammonia caramel, Brilliant Black Component Weight% BN, vegetable carbon, Brown HT, carotenes, annatto, capsan Recipe J: thin, capsorubin, lycopene, beta-apo-8-carotenal, lutein, can thaxanthin, betanin, anthocyanins, calcium carbonate, tita Printing varnish VIII 75.5 nium dioxide, iron oxides, iron hydroxides, aluminium, Indigotine (E132) 2O.O Butylated hydroxyanisole (E320) O.S silver, gold and litholrubine BK. Calcium carbonate (E170) 4.0 5. The offset printing ink according to claim 4, wherein the Carnauba wax (E903) 1.O at least one colorant is selected from indigotine, Brilliant Blue FCF, erythrosine, Allura Red AC, tartrazine, Orange Yellow S 0049 Manufacture of the offset printing varnishes and and mixtures thereof. inks was carried out in known manner by means of a three-roll 6. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to production process. claim 1, wherein the at least one binder comprises one or more 0050. The viscosity (at 23° C. and a shear rate of 10 sec') unmodified natural resins. is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 Pa's for the printing 7. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to varnishes and in the range of 50 to 250 Pa's for the printing claim 6, wherein the resin or resins are selected from colo inks, and tack is preferably in the range of 2 to 8 tack units (for phony, wood rosin, tall oil rosin, mastic, copal, dammar, the varnishes) and 6 to 14 tack units (for the inks). The tack sandarac, terpene resins, shellac and mixtures thereof. was measured using an Inkomat (from Prüfbau GmbH) (mea 8. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to suring conditions: 30°C., 200 rpm, 2 g of ink/varnish). This claim 1, wherein the at least one binder comprises one or more rheological data can be adapted in known manner to print natural polymers from vegetable latices. engineering requirements resulting from the printing Sub 9. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to strate and the printing machine. claim 8, wherein the polymer or polymers are selected from 0051. Using the offset printing inks A to D, print samples chicle, natural rubber, gutta-percha and konjac. were produced on virgin fibre-based paperboard on a KBA 10. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to Rapida 105+ printing machine (from Koenig & Bauer AG) at claim 1, wherein the at least one binder comprises one or more a maximum speed of 14 000 sheets per hour. Both varnished synthetic rubbers, in particular butyl rubber and/or styrene/ and unvarnished print samples were produced. butadiene rubber. 0.052. In all cases, the properties obtained were satisfac tory in respect of drying, coating adhesion, rub resistance and 11. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to further processing. These parameters are the significant tech claim 1, wherein the at least one binder comprises one or more nical criteria for offset printing inks for printing onto pack esters of resin acids. aging. 12. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 0053 Thus, the examples substantiate that offset printing claim 11, wherein the resin acids are selected from abietic inks and printing varnishes with satisfactory print-engineer acid, neoabietic acid, pimaric acid, levopimaric acid, palus ing properties, and which contain only components compris tric acid, agathic acid, illuric acid, podocarpic acid, and mix ing food or food additives, may be manufactured according to tures thereof. the present invention. 13. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to What is claimed is: claim 12, wherein the resin acids in the ester or esters are 1. An offset printing ink or printing varnish that is Suitable esterified with glycerol, pentaerythritol or methanol. for direct contact with foods, comprising at least one binder 14. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to and where appropriate at least one colorant, wherein all the claim 11, wherein the resin acids in the ester or esters are components of the offset printing ink or offset printing var dimerised or polymerised. nish are either food as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1787 15. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council or food claim 11, wherein the ester or esters are obtained by reacting additives as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the natural resin with one or more alcohols. European Parliament and of the Council. 16. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 2. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to claim 11, wherein the resin acids in the ester or esters are at claim 1, wherein the food additives are listed in Annex II of least partly hydrogenated. Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council, amended by Regulation (EC) No 1129/ 17. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 2011 of the Commission, or in Annexes 1 to 7 of the German claim 1, wherein the binder contains no phenol-modified Regulation on Permitted Additives in Food for Technological resins or esters of resin acids with phenolic compounds. Purposes. 18. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 3. The offset printing ink according to claim 1, wherein the claim 1, wherein the at least one binder comprises one or more offset printing ink includes as the colorant one or more pig Solvents in the form of liquid hydrophobic components. ments and/or one or more dyes. 19. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 4. The offset printing ink according to claim3, wherein the claim 1, wherein the printing ink or printing varnish is hydro offset printing ink includes as the colorant one or more of the phobic overall. following components: curcumin, riboflavins, tartrazine, 20. The offset printing ink or printing Varnish according to quinoline yellow, Orange Yellow S. cochineal, aZorubine, claim 18, wherein the solvent or solvents are selected from amaranth, Cochineal Red A, erythrosine, Allura Red AC, Vegetable oils, fractions or components of vegetable oils, and Patent Blue V, indigotine, Brilliant Blue FCF, chlorophylls, synthetic triglycerides of saturated or unsaturated C- to Co chlorophyllins, copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlo fatty acids. US 2015/0101.506 A1 Apr. 16, 2015

21. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to 26. The offset printing ink or printing Varnish according to claim 18, wherein the solvent or solvents are selected from claim 1, further comprising one or more additives which are propylene glycol esters of Saturated or unsaturated C- to selected from tragacanth, carrageenan, gum arabic, candelilla Co-fatty acids. wax, carnauba wax, microcrystalline waxes, unmodified and modified starches, paraffins, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, 22. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to polyvinyl esters of C- to Cis-fatty acids and mixtures claim 18, wherein the solvent or solvents are selected from thereof. mono- and diglycerides of saturated or unsaturated C- to 27. The offset printing ink or printing Varnish according to Co-fatty acids, and esters of these mono- and diglycerides claim 1, further comprising one or more extenders which are with edible acids. selected from calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, talc, alu 23. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to minium silicate and mixtures thereof. claim 18, wherein the solvent or solvents comprise sucrose 28. The offset printing ink or printing Varnish according to acetate isobutyrate. claim 1, further comprising one or more antioxidants which 24. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to are selected from ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl claim 18, wherein the solvent contains no water and no lower Stearate, isoascorbic acid, tocopherols, propyl, octyl and alcohols. dodecyl gallate, tert.-butyl hydroquinone, butylated 25. The offset printing ink or printing varnish according to hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and mixtures claim 1, wherein the printing ink or printing varnish has a thereof. viscosity of 20 to 200 Pas.