Removal of Resin Acids and Sterols from Pulp Mill Effluents by Activated
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Polar Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Biomass-Burning Emissions and Their Chemical Transformations During Aging in an Oxidation flow Reactor
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8227–8250, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8227-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Polar semivolatile organic compounds in biomass-burning emissions and their chemical transformations during aging in an oxidation flow reactor Deep Sengupta, Vera Samburova, Chiranjivi Bhattarai, Adam C. Watts, Hans Moosmüller, and Andrey Y. Khlystov Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA Correspondence: Vera Samburova ([email protected]) Received: 20 December 2019 – Discussion started: 23 January 2020 Revised: 7 May 2020 – Accepted: 18 May 2020 – Published: 16 July 2020 Abstract. Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) emit- 350 g mol−1 decreased after OFR aging, while abundances ted from open biomass burning (BB) can contribute to chem- of low-MW compounds (e.g., hexanoic acid) increased. This ical and physical properties of atmospheric aerosols and indicated a significant extent of fragmentation reactions in also may cause adverse health effects. The polar fraction of the OFR. Methoxyphenols decreased after OFR aging, while SVOCs is a prominent part of BB organic aerosols, and thus a significant increase (3.7 to 8.6 times) in the abundance of it is important to characterize the chemical composition and dicarboxylic acids emission factors (EFs), especially maleic reactivity of this fraction. In this study, globally and region- acid (10 to 60 times), was observed. EFs for fresh and ratios ally important representative fuels (Alaskan peat, Moscow from fresh-to-aged BB samples reported in this study can be peat, Pskov peat, eucalyptus, Malaysian peat, and Malaysian used to perform source apportionment and predict processes agricultural peat) were burned under controlled conditions occurring during atmospheric transport. -
Infra Oct03 An
CONSTRUCTION • PUBLIC WORKS • NATURAL RESOURCES Volume 8, Number 9 • October 2003 Welcome to InfraStructures CONSTRUCTION • TRAVAUX PUBLICS • RESSOURCES NATURELLES Volume 8 Number 9 Until recently, InfraStructures has been read mainly by French speaking October 2003 users of heavy machinery. Over the last seven years, InfraStructures has become a leader in its field. First by becoming the only magazine covering all aspects of the industry published in French in Canada. Then by being the first to publish all its editorial content on the web, and also by being the only construction magazine, published in French, having a significant readership outside the Province of Quebec. ÉDITOR / PUBLISHER Jean-François Villard For many years, we have received requests for an English version of InfraStructures. Technical limitations, and the lack of advertising revenue have prevented us from publishing such a magazine in print. Now, with the ADVERTISING extent of the use of Internet by professionals, we feel that the time as come MONTRÉAL for a portable digital file (.pdf) version of InfraStructures in English. Jean-François Villard André Charlebois While the content of the English version differs slightly from the original, most of the important news will be published in English. In the near future, QUEBEC City more and more of the content of the original will be translated into English. Gilbert Marquis (418) 651-1176 With over 500 visitors per day on average, spending over 13 minutes per visit, the website of InfraStructures in one of the most important sites of this kind. More than two thirds of the visitors come from outside Canada. -
Resin Acids in Rosin (Colophony) Solder Flux Fume Laboratory Method Using Gas Chromatography
Health and Safety Executive Resin acids in rosin (colophony) solder flux fume Laboratory method using gas chromatography Scope 1 This method describes the measurement of time-weighted average concentrations of rosin (also known as colophony) based solder flux fume collected onto membrane filters with analysis of the resin acid components, after derivatisation, by gas chromatography (GC). Summary 2 A measured volume of air is drawn through a membrane filter mounted in a sampling head close to the breathing zone. The filter is solvent desorbed, the resin acids derivatised and then quantified using GC with a flame ionisation detector (FID). If confirmation of the resin acid components’ identities is required, samples may also be analysed by GC with a mass spectrometer (MS) detector. However, MS is not recommended for quantitative analysis as, unlike an FID, the MS detector gives different response factors for the various resin acids. The use of alternative methods not included in the MDHS series is acceptable provided they can demonstrate the accuracy and reliability appropriate to the application. Recommended sampling 3 For long-term exposures: Maximum sampling time: 8 hours; Sampling rate: 1–2 l-1min; Sampled volume: up to 960 litres. For short-term exposures: Sampling time: 15 mins; Sampling rate: 2 lmin-1; Sampled volume: 30 litres. Prerequisites 4 Users of this method will need to be familiar with the content of MDHS14.1 Safety 5 Users of this method should be familiar with normal laboratory practice and MDHS83/3 carry out a suitable risk assessment. It is the user’s responsibility to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. -
Mountain Pine Beetle-Attacked Lodgepole Pine for Pulp and Papermaking
Operational extractives management from- mountain pine beetle-attacked lodgepole pine for pulp and papermaking Larry Allen and Vic Uloth Mountain Pine Beetle Working Paper 2007-15 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5 (250) 363-0600 • cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/regions/pfc Natural Resources Ressources naturelles Canada Canada Canadian Forest Service canadien Service des forêts Operational extractives management from mountain pine beetle-attacked lodgepole pine for pulp and papermaking Larry Allen and Vic Uloth Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative W orking Paper 2007œ15 Paprican 3800 W esbrook Mall Vancouver, B.C. V6S 2L9 Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative PO # 8.43 Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Pacific Forestry Centre 506 W est Burnside Road Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5 Canada 2007 ≤ Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 Printed in Canada Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Allen, Larry Operational extractives m anagem ent from m ountain pine beetle-attached lodgepole pine from pulp and paperm aking / Larry Allen and Vic Uloth. (Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative working paper 2007-15) "Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative, Canadian Forest Service". "MPBI Project # 8.43". "Paprican". Includes bibliographical references: p. Includes abstract in French. ISBN 978-0-662-46480-8 Cat. no.: Fo143-3/2007-15E 1. Pulping--British Colum bia--Quality control. 2. Pulping--Alberta--Quality control. 3. Paper m ills-- Econom ic aspects--British Colum bia. 4. Pulp m ills--Econom ic aspects--Alberta. 5. Lodgepole pine--Diseases and pests–Econom ic aspects. 6. Mountain pine beetle--Econom ic aspects. -
H4R Position on Rosin As One Substance For
H4R Position Statement on Rosin, Rosin Salts and Rosin Esters Registered as One Substance 7th February 2019 REACH registrations of Rosin, Rosin Salts and Rosin Esters H4R Position Statement on One Substance Registration Historically, various names, CAS, and EINECS numbers have existed for rosin. REACH1 mandates “One Substance – One Registration”. This obliged the Rosin registrants to carefully examine the composition of their substances of interest. They concluded that, although Rosin is historically listed under different names and EINECS and CASRNs (e.g. Rosin; Tall-oil rosin; Resin acids and rosin acids; etc.), it needed to be considered as one and the same substance. In addition, the registrants concluded that rosin is a chemical substance of Unknown or Variable Composition, Complex Reaction Products and Biological Materials (UVCB). In other words, rosin was listed on EINECS and CAS under different names, but the rosin registrants determined that differentiation was not justified and appropriate as these are the same UVCB substances. Therefore, Rosin with CAS 8050-09-7 was chosen. Appendix 1 to this document outlines the registrations that cover each of these substances. This decision and its rationale for one rosin registration is well documented in two papers: “Justification for grouping rosin and rosin derivatives into families” by Gary McCallister (Hercules), Bert Lenselink (Hexion), Jerrold Miller (Arizona Chemical), Bill Grady (Arizona Chemical) and Leon Rodenburg (Eastman Chemical), 24 August 20102 “Justification for considering Rosin as a Single Substance” by H4R Consortium, 22 February 20103 Based on these papers, it was concluded that, for rosin and the derived rosin salts, fortified rosin, fortified rosin salts, rosin esters and fortified rosin esters, the starting rosin is not relevant. -
162 Part 175—Indirect Food Addi
§ 174.6 21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–19 Edition) (c) The existence in this subchapter B Subpart B—Substances for Use Only as of a regulation prescribing safe condi- Components of Adhesives tions for the use of a substance as an Sec. article or component of articles that 175.105 Adhesives. contact food shall not be construed as 175.125 Pressure-sensitive adhesives. implying that such substance may be safely used as a direct additive in food. Subpart C—Substances for Use as (d) Substances that under conditions Components of Coatings of good manufacturing practice may be 175.210 Acrylate ester copolymer coating. safely used as components of articles 175.230 Hot-melt strippable food coatings. that contact food include the fol- 175.250 Paraffin (synthetic). lowing, subject to any prescribed limi- 175.260 Partial phosphoric acid esters of pol- yester resins. tations: 175.270 Poly(vinyl fluoride) resins. (1) Substances generally recognized 175.300 Resinous and polymeric coatings. as safe in or on food. 175.320 Resinous and polymeric coatings for (2) Substances generally recognized polyolefin films. as safe for their intended use in food 175.350 Vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copoly- mer. packaging. 175.360 Vinylidene chloride copolymer coat- (3) Substances used in accordance ings for nylon film. with a prior sanction or approval. 175.365 Vinylidene chloride copolymer coat- (4) Substances permitted for use by ings for polycarbonate film. 175.380 Xylene-formaldehyde resins con- regulations in this part and parts 175, densed with 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol- 176, 177, 178 and § 179.45 of this chapter. -
8341 No Clean Flux Paste
8341 No Clean Flux Paste MG Chemicals UK Limited Version No: A-1.0 2 Issue Date:26/04/2018 Safety Data Sheet (Conforms to Regulation (EU) No 2015/830) Revision Date: 14/01/2021 L.REACH.GBR.EN SECTION 1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE / MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY / UNDERTAKING 1.1. Product Identifier Product name 8341 Synonyms SDS Code: 8341; 8341-10ML; 8341-10MLCA, 8341B-10ML | UFI: HGH0-205D-2003-EPAT Other means of identification No Clean Flux Paste 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Relevant identified uses For use with leaded and unleaded solder during soldering process Uses advised against Not Applicable 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Registered company name MG Chemicals UK Limited MG Chemicals (Head office) Heame House, 23 Bilston Street, Sedgely Dudley DY3 1JA United Address 9347 - 193 Street Surrey V4N 4E7 British Columbia Canada Kingdom Telephone +(44) 1663 362888 +(1) 800-201-8822 Fax Not Available +(1) 800-708-9888 Website Not Available www.mgchemicals.com Email [email protected] [email protected] 1.4. Emergency telephone number Association / Organisation Verisk 3E (Access code: 335388) Not Available Emergency telephone numbers +(44) 20 35147487 Not Available Other emergency telephone +(0) 800 680 0425 Not Available numbers SECTION 2 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 H319 - Eye Irritation Category 2, H317 - Skin Sensitizer Category 1, H334 - Respiratory Sensitizer Category 1 [CLP] [1] 1. Classified by Chemwatch; 2. Classification drawn from EC Directive 67/548/EEC - Annex I ; 3. -
Proposal for Identification of a Substance As a Cmr, Pbt
ECB – SUMMARY FACT SHEET PBT WORKING GROUP – PBT LIST NO. 80 TC NES SUBGROUP ON IDENTIFICATION OF PBT AND VPVP SUBSTANCES RESULTS OF THE EVALUATION OF THE PBT/VPVB PROPERTIES OF: Substance name: Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts EC number: 263-144-5 CAS number: 61790-51-0 Molecular formula: not applicable (substance is a UVCB) Structural formula: not applicable (substance is a UVCB) Summary of the evaluation Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts is considered to be a UVCB substance. Based on screening data it is not fulfilling the PBT/vPvB criteria. Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts is considered as a substance with a potential PBT/vPvB constituent (based on screening data). This conclusion need not apply in case it can be shown, that the concentration of this impurity is < 0.1% w/w. Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts may contain sesquiterpenes (which itself is a mixture) as a constituent, which may fulfil the PBT criteria based on QSAR-estimates of the most common sesquiterpene β –caryophyllane. A test on ready biodegradation is available with Resin acids and Rosin acids, sodium salts showing ready biodegradation of the test substance. The P-screening criterion is therefore not fulfilled. Regarding the B-criterion, only QSAR values are available both with respect to the log Kow and the BCF. BCFwin and Kowwin predict different values for Log Kow; 6.46 and 2.65, respectively. The calculated BCF is 56, when using a log Kow of 6.46 for calculation. The B-screening criterion is therefore not fulfilled. -
United States Patent Office Patented Aug
3,523,090 United States Patent Office Patented Aug. 4, 1970 2 a “resin acid.” The structure and numbering system of levopimaric acid follows: 3,523,090 POLYURETHANE PLASTIC FROM RESIN ACID DIOLS Bernard A. Parkin, In, Lake City, Fla., Hugh B. Sum mers, Jr., Savannah, Ga., and Glen W. Hedrick, Lake City, Fla., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture No Drawing. Original application June 11, 1968, Ser. No. 562,951. Divided and this application Apr. 11, 1968, 10 Ser. No. 738,749 Int. Cl. (109k 3/00; H05b 33/00 US. Cl. 252-482 1 Claim 15 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A saturated diol prepared by the hydrolysis and the 20 subsequent double bond and functional group reduction of the formaldehyde adduct of levopimaric acid. The diol is a useful glycol extender for the production of poly urethane foams and rubbers. 25 / Levopimaric acid (I) A non-exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free license in the 30 The nomenclature is that of Fieser and Fieser (Nat invention herein described, throughout the world for all ural Products Related to Phenanthrene by Fieser and purpose of the United States Government, with the power Fieser, third edition, 1949, page 40, Published by Rein to grant sublicenses for such purposes, is hereby granted hold Publishing Corporation, New York, N.Y.) to the Government of the United States of America. As noted above, levopimaric acid (I) constitutes about This application is a division of application bearing one-?fth of the total acid content of pine gum. As will Ser. -
United States Patent \ .J Patented Oct
2,907,738 United States Patent \ .j Patented Oct. 3, 1959 1 2 dibasic acids would also give polymerization in which the natural resin acid ester becomes an intimate part ‘ 2,907,738 of the ?nal polymer chemical composition. Such esteri ‘MIXED RESIN ACID ESTERS OF 4,4-BIS(47 ?cation reactions involving the phenolic hydroxyl groups HYDROXYARYL) PENTANOIC ACID 01 would conveniently be carried out by heating with a mix ture of the dibasic acid and acetic anhydride. Sylvan 0. Greenlee, Racine, Wis., assignor to The hydroxyaryl—substituted aliphatic acids contem~ S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc., Racine, Wis. plated for use in preparing the desired resinous poly No Drawing. Application June 30,1955 hydric phenols have two hydroxyphenyl groups attached ‘ Serial No.‘ 519,279’ 10 to a single carbon atom. The preparation of these sub~ stituted acids may be most conveniently carried out by 9 Claims. (Cl. 260-24)‘ condensing a keto-acid with the desired phenol. Expe rience in the preparation of bisphenols and related com pounds indicates that the carbonyl group of the keto This invention relates to new compositions which are 15 acid must be located next to a terminal carbon atom in ‘mixed esters of‘polyhydric alcohols, natural resin,acids, order to obtain satisfactory yields. A terminal carbon and hydroxyaryl-substituted aliphatic acids. atom as used herein refers to primary carbon atoms An object of this invention is to produce new com other ‘than the carboxyl carbon atom of the keto-acid. positions from natural resin acids, polyhydric alcohols Prior applications, Serial Nos. 464,607 and 489,300, and hydroxyaryl-substituted aliphatic acids which are 20 ?led October 25, 1954, and February 18, 1955, respec~ valuable as intermediates in the production of other more tively, disclose a number of illustrative compounds suit complex compositions. -
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(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll^ International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2018/144996 Al 09 August 2018 (09.08.2018) WIPO I PCT (51) International Patent Classification: GHOSH, Souvik; c/o Manus Bio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts C12N1/00 (2006.01) C12N15/00(2006.01) Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). PIRIE, Christo C12N1/20 (2006.01) C12N15/52 (2006.01) pher; c/o Manus Bio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, C12N1/21 (2006.01) C12P 5/00 (2006.01) Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). DONAUD, Jason; c/o Manus C12N 9/00 (2006.01) Bio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). UOVE, Aaron; c/o Manus Rio, Inc., 1030 (21) International Application Number: Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). NAN, PCT/US2018/016848 Hong; c/o Manus Rio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, (22) International Filing Date: Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). TSENG, Hsien-chung; c/ 05 February 2018 (05.02.2018) o Manus Rio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cam bridge, MA 02138 (US). SANTOS, Christine Nicole, S.; (25) Filing Language: English c/o Manus Rio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cam (26) Publication Language: English bridge, MA 02138 (US). PHIUIPPE, Ryan; c/o Manus Rio, Inc., 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 (30) Priority Data: (US). 62/454,121 03 February 2017 (03.02.2017) US (74) Agent: HAYMAN, Mark, U. et al.; Morgan, Lewis & (71) Applicant: MANUS BIO, INC. [US/US]; 1030 Massachu Bockius LLP, 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washing setts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). -
Determination of Terpenoid Content in Pine by Organic Solvent Extraction and Fast-Gc Analysis
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 25 January 2016 doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2016.00002 Determination of Terpenoid Content in Pine by Organic Solvent Extraction and Fast-GC Analysis Anne E. Harman-Ware1* , Robert Sykes1 , Gary F. Peter2 and Mark Davis1 1 National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA, 2 School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Terpenoids, naturally occurring compounds derived from isoprene units present in pine oleoresin, are a valuable source of chemicals used in solvents, fragrances, flavors, and have shown potential use as a biofuel. This paper describes a method to extract and analyze the terpenoids present in loblolly pine saplings and pine lighter wood. Various extraction solvents were tested over different times and temperatures. Samples were analyzed by pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry before and after extractions to monitor the extraction efficiency. The pyrolysis studies indicated that the optimal extraction method used a 1:1 hexane/acetone solvent system at 22°C for 1 h. Extracts from the hexane/acetone experiments were analyzed using a low thermal mass modular accelerated column heater for fast-GC/FID analysis. The most abundant terpenoids from Edited by: the pine samples were quantified, using standard curves, and included the monoter- Subba Rao Chaganti, University of Windsor, Canada penes, α- and β-pinene, camphene, and δ-carene. Sesquiterpenes analyzed included Reviewed by: caryophyllene, humulene, and α-bisabolene. Diterpenoid resin acids were quantified in Yu-Shen Cheng, derivatized extractions, including pimaric, isopimaric, levopimaric, palustric, dehydroabi- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan etic, abietic, and neoabietic acids.