DOCSLIB.ORG

Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Republic of Ghana Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version June 2010 Financed by the 9th European Development Fund Service Contract N° 9 ACP GH019 In association with Egis Bceom International Executive Summary This Integrated Transport Plan is the first in Ghana to utilise an integrated economic and transport planning methodology to identify investment priorities based on the future demand for transport. The Plan aims to support the Government’s strategy-lead approach to development planning. The Plan includes strategies and actions to be undertaken between 2011 and 2015 for all modes of transport including many institutional and regulatory measures aiming to improve performance and bring about better integration throughout Government’s transport planning environment. Government has identified the importance of the transport sector in providing strategic support to the productive sectors of the economy and the measures set out in this Plan aim to support the attainment of the NTP Goals. It therefore becomes the primary implementation plan for the transport sector and it is hoped that the Plan will inform Government’s budgetary allocations to the sector from 2011 onwards. To satisfy expectations, there are three main outputs from the process undertaken so far: This Integrated Transport Plan – proposing a range of infrastructure developments, institutional and regulatory measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of Ghana’s transport system. Investments in infrastructure have been prioritised for the plan period and targeted at locations to overcome capacity constraints and where economic viability has been proven. Decision making tools and procedures to carry out the forecasting, modelling and evaluation necessary to implement a strategy-led approach to transport planning; identifying strategic investments and measures that inculcate a more integrated approach to policy formulation, planning and delivery. Knowledge and understanding of how the transport planning framework needs to be changed and improved with recommendations. Large investment projects for road and rail infrastructure have been identified as necessary to meet demand. The evaluation method has proven them to be economically viable within the life of the Plan. Developments in other modes, such as aviation, inland water and non- motorised transport, have also been considered and the Plan provides a framework in which future modal masterplans can be developed. The following masterplans are either underway or about to commence: airports, maritime ports, railways and non-motorised transport in Tema. A core objective for the ITP project was to introduce an evidence-based planning methodology into the current planning environment. As has been demonstrated throughout the process, an integrated transport planning methodology relies on data being available for the purpose and a collaborative environment amongst agencies to share that data. Whilst in many instances, both data and cooperation were missing, concerted efforts were made to build bridges between organisations and fill the data gaps so that proposals made in this plan are based on the Ghanaian reality. This has been achieved in several ways: Following extensive analysis of Ghana’s past economic performance, forecasts of growth and development in the future were agreed with NDPC and these provided the basis for assessing growth of key factors of the economy and the subsequent demand for transport. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 2 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Statistical data was collected from Ghana Statistical Service and other Ghanaian agencies to determine the extent to which key socio-economic factors such as population and urbanization will create a demand for transport throughout the country. A joint team from the Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Highways undertook extensive consultation with all key commodity stakeholders to determine which commodities would be the key drivers of transport demand in the future. Traffic surveys were undertaken using local teams in over 30 locations throughout the national road network and these were used as the basis for calibrating the transport model and forecasting future traffic levels. The project has progressed under the joint supervision of The Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Highways including a Project Steering Committee comprising senior personnel from all transport sector agencies. A special transport planning group (TPG) was formed by the Ministry of Roads and Highways and the Ministry of Transport to guide the planning process. It is proposed that the TPG will become the core transport planning group to ensure cooperation and integration between the transport modes. Personnel have been selected from the sector to form a core transport modelling team. They have undergone extensive hands-on training and will take charge of the transport model used to formulate this Plan. Therefore, considerable progress has been made in establishing a system of integrated economic and transport planning in Ghana. Manuals, models and decision making tools have been produced to aid the decision making process and enable integrated transport planning to be undertaken for the first time. Personnel have been involved throughout the process and a core capability has been established. Considerable learning has also taken place and measures are proposed in this Plan to further strengthen the capacity to formulate integrated transport plans in the future. Therefore, whilst this Plan is the culmination of over 2 years of work, it should also be seen as the launch-pad from which an integrated transport planning methodology can be fully developed and adopted. This Plan, Volume 1 ‘Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015’, contains only a small part of the outputs from the ITP project. In addition, the following reports contain a description of the full methodology and the results of analyse, forecasts and evaluations carried out throughout the planning process: Volume 2 contains an analysis of Ghana’s economic performance to forecast potential growth for the period to 2035. Volume 3 contains studies undertaken on Ghana’s key commodities including forecasts of their future production up to 2035 and subsequent demand on transport. Volume 4 sets out data on Ghana’s socio-economic factors that will affect transport demand in the future. Key growth factors include: GDP, population, urbanization, motorisation, tourism and forecasts of future production in key sectors of the economy. Volume 5 provides a brief report on transport costs including the development of a simple model for comparison. Volume 6 is a report on the calibration of the transport model used in the methodology. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 3 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Volume 7 is the multi-criteria evaluation manual used to evaluate the selected projects and select the priority projects for investment 2011-2015.. Volume 8 contains a report on the project evaluations undertaken to identify the priority projects for the 2011-2015 period. Volume 9 is a report on the Road Transport Sector identifying the current state of road transport services and how they can be improved. Volume 10 is a report on the current financing arrangements in Ghana and sets out a full breakdown of the potential cost and funding for the projects identified. Volume 11 is a Pre-feasibility study on Boankra Dry port which utilises the traffic levels developed in the ITP methodology to assess the economic and financial viability of developing Boankra port as an integral part of the transport system. Volume 12 is a Pre-feasibility study on the Eastern Railway which also considers the operational benefits of combined operations between the eastern and western lines. Volume 13 is a Pre-feasibility study that has focused on a specific connectivity issue in the aviation sector; that of connecting between international and national flights at Kotoka International Airport. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 4 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ...........................................................................13 1. Context ............................................................................................13 1.1 Economic Conditions: Global, Sub Regional, National...................... 13 1.2 Development Policy and Objectives .................................................. 15 1.3 The Current Economic and Transport Planning Arrangements in Ghana................................................................................................. 16 2. Integrated Transport Plans: Theory and Practice.............................18 2.1 Defining integration ............................................................................ 18 2.2 Land Use Planning............................................................................. 19 2.3 Planning Horizons .............................................................................. 20 3. The Purpose and Content of this Integrated Transport Plan ............21 Chapter 2 Diagnosis ...............................................................................23 1. The Governance framework affecting the transport sector...............23 1.1 The Policy
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Managing Traffic Congestion in the Accra Central Market, Ghana
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Agyapong, Frances; Ojo, Thomas Kolawole Article Managing traffic congestion in the Accra Central Market, Ghana Journal of Urban Management Provided in Cooperation with: Chinese Association of Urban Management (CAUM), Taipei Suggested Citation: Agyapong, Frances; Ojo, Thomas Kolawole (2018) : Managing traffic congestion in the Accra Central Market, Ghana, Journal of Urban Management, ISSN 2226-5856, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 7, Iss. 2, pp. 85-96, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2018.04.002 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/194440 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen
    [Show full text]
  • 2009 Budget.Pdf
    REPUBLIC OF GHANA THE BUDGET STATEMENT AND ECONOMIC POLICY of the GOVERNMENT OF GHANA for the 2009 FINANCIAL YEAR presented to PARLIAMENT on Thursday, 5th March, 2009 by Dr. Kwabena Duffuor MINISTER OF FINANCE AND ECONOMIC PLANNING on the authority of H. E. John Evans Atta Mills PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA Investing in A BETTER GHANA For Copies of the statement, please contact the Public Relations Office of the Ministry: Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Public Relations Office – (Room 303 or 350) P.O. Box MB 40, Accra, Ghana. The 2009 Budget Statement and Economic Policies of the Government is also available on the internet at: www.mofep.gov.gh ii Investing in A BETTER GHANA ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 3G Third Generation ADR Alternate Dispute Resolution AEAs Agricultural Extension Agents AFSAP Agriculture Finance Strategy and Action Plan APR Annual Progress Report APRM African Peer Review Mechanism ART Anti-Retroviral Therapy ASF African Swine Fever ATM Average Term to Maturity AU African Union BECE Basic Education Certificate Examination BoG Bank of Ghana BOST Bulk Oil Storage and Transportation BPO Business Process Outsourcing CAHWs Community Animal Health Workers CBD Central Business District CBPP Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia CCE Craft Certificate Examination CDD Centre for Democratic Development CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women CEDECOM Central Regional Development Commission CEPA Centre for Policy Analysis CEPS Customs Excise and Preventive Service CFMP Community
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    December 2011 PPIAF Assistance in Ghana PPIAF has supported the government of Ghana since 2001 when it provided assistance for three transactions in the water sector, with the objective of pioneering private distribution of water supply in the country. PPIAF has since provided funding in the transport sector, which supported a subsequent World Bank-funded Urban Transport Project in Accra, the capital of Ghana. In other sectors, a small activity was Public Disclosure Authorized funded in 2006 to promote private sector solutions to Accra’s housing sector, particularly among low- income residents. Finally, PPIAF recently supported activities that provided policy support to Ghana’s nascent public-private partnership (PPP) program, and a study on the effects of the financial crisis on the PPP market in Ghana. Technical Assistance for Ghana’s Transport Sector PPIAF has supported three activities in the transport sector in Ghana. The first activity focused on the roads sector, while two subsequent activities aimed to improve the provision of urban transport in Accra. PPIAF Support to the Roads Sector Since the formal initiation of the Road Sector Development Strategy in 1996, considerable progress has been made in expanding the role of the private sector in the development of the road sector in Ghana. Subject to Ministry of Transport approval, private consultants are now responsible for most road design Public Disclosure Authorized work, with all construction work carried out by private contractors. The size of contracts that could be handled by local firms steadily increased, and by 2003 around 90–95% of routine and periodic maintenance work was carried out by private contractors, while private companies collected tolls on twelve roads and bridges in exchange for the payment of a fixed monthly fee to the Road Fund.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis Report
    Joint Evaluation of the Ghana – Denmark Development Co-operation from 1990 to 2006 Appendices August 2008 Table of Contents 1 Appendix 1: Some methodological details 1 1.1 How to make the evaluation approach less cumbersome? 1 1.2 Scope and focus of the evaluation 1 1.3 Tools to be applied – and the role of the perception study 4 1.4 Abundance of literature 4 2 Appendix 2: Evaluation schedule 5 3 Appendix 3: Persons met 7 4 Appendix 4: A thematic chronology of major events relevant for Ghana- Denmark development co-operation (1989 – 2007) 17 5 Appendix 5: Danida’s harmonisation targets 2004 – 2008, and current status 22 6 Appendix 6: Detailed budgetary information 25 7 Appendix 7: Danida’s support to the energy sector: An overview 38 7.1 Context 38 7.2 Danish support 38 7.3 Assessment 40 7.4 Details of supported projects 40 8 Appendix 8: Danida’s support to agriculture and environment: An overview 47 8.1 Context 47 8.2 Danish Assistance 47 8.3 Assessment 48 9 Appendix 9: The role of the Local Grant Authority 51 10 Appendix 10: Bibliography 55 List of Tables Table 1: Structure of the grid ................................................................................................................ 2 Table 2: Sector-specific set of EQ ....................................................................................................... 3 Table 3: Evaluation milestones ............................................................................................................. 5 Table 4: Denmark-Ghana Development Co-operation: Danish
    [Show full text]
  • 100628 Itpghana Vol 10 Finance Report
    Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Republic of Ghana Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Volume 10: Finance Final Version June 2010 Financed by the 9th European Development Fund Service Contract N° 9 ACP GH019 In association with Egis Bceom International EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Volume 10 Finance reviews existing transport sector operational financial experiences and constraints, the various financing sources and approaches possible, sets out the context of the current and foreseeable economic situation, and then makes specific recommendations for funding the Integrated Transport Plan (ITP) proposals. In the process the status of individual institutions are reviewed and issues noted that would affect the effectiveness of further investments (solvency, legacy debts, financial management, etc). Development Partner involvement ends in 2013. DP commitments to future projects are general rather than specific but there are now several feasibility studies that can be presented for their consideration. The private sector has also expressed interest in the past and could be involved in the future. Reference is made to the need to address the on-going issue of road maintenance and funding, which is an annual recurrent issue, and which detracts from the pure investment proposals which are of a long term strategic consequence. The completion of existing investments (e.g. BOST) may be more cost effective than new investment and GoG needs to consider specifically the issue of public subsidy for passenger transport (both road and rail). These factors are part of the overall issue of the need to deal with institutional stability and viability addressed in this Volume. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 1 Volume 10: Finance Final Version Egis Bceom International Contents Chapter 1 - Finance and Transport Sector................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental and Social Assessment
    SFG3236 GOVERNMENT OF GHANA Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF ROADS & HIGHWAYS GHANA HIGHWAY AUTHORITY DEPARTMENT OF URBAN ROADS DEPARTMENT OF FEEDER ROADS Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT FOR TRANSPORT SECTOR IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (P151026) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MARCH 2017 1 List of Acronyms AER Annual Environmental Report AIT Agency Implementation Team ARIs Acute Respiratory Infections 3 BA Beneficiary Agency BECE Basic Education Certificate Examination BOST Bulk Oil Storage & Transportation Company BP Bank Policy BRT Bus Rapid Transit CERSGIS Centre for Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System CI Conservation International CIA Cumulative Impact Assessment CPESDP Coordinated Program of Economic and Social Development Policies CWSA Community Water and Sanitation Agency DBOMT Design-Build-Operate-Maintain-Transfer DFR Department of Feeder Roads DUR Department of Urban Roads DVLA Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority EA Environmental Assessment EAR Environmental Assessment Regulations ECG Electricity Company of Ghana ECOP Environmental Code of Practice ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EHS Environmental Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMP Environmental Management Plan EMU Environmental Monitoring Unit EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPAA Environmental Protection Agency Act ESA Environmental and Social Assessment ESAs Environmentally Sensitive Areas ESAP Environmental and Social Action
    [Show full text]
  • Consolidated Fund
    2017 REPUBLIC OF GHANA CONSOLIDATED FUND Our Vision To become a world-class Supreme Audit Institution, delivering professional, excellent, and cost effective auditing Service. REPORT OF THE AUDITOR – GENERAL ON THE CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL ACCOUNTS OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2017 This report has been prepared under Section 11 of the Audit Service Act, 2000 for presentation to Parliament in accordance with Section 20 of the Act. Daniel Yaw Domelevo Auditor-General Ghana Audit Service 25 June 2018 This report can be found on the Ghana Audit Service website: www.ghaudit.org For further information about the Ghana Audit Service, please contact: The Director, Communication Unit Ghana Audit Service Headquarters Post Office Box MB 96, Accra. Tel: 0302 664928/29/20 Fax: 0302 662493/675496 E-mail: [email protected] Location: Ministries Block 'O' © Ghana Audit Service 2018 TRANSMITTAL LETTER Ref. No. AG.01/109/Vol.2/115 Office of the Auditor-General Ministries Block ‘O’ P. O. Box M. 96 Accra GA/110/8787 Tel. (0302)662493 Fax (0302)675496 25th June, 2018 Dear Mr. Speaker, SUBMISSION OF AUDITOR-GENERAL’S ANNUAL REPORT ON THE PUBLIC ACCOUNTS OF GHANA, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2017 In accordance with Article 187(5) of the Constitution of the Republic of Ghana and Section 23(1) of the Audit Service Act 2000 (Act, 584) I have the honour to present my report on the Public Accounts of Ghana for the year ended 31 December 2017 to be laid before Parliament. 2. The report highlights the outcome of the financial statements which comprise mainly the Balance Sheet, Revenue and Expenditure Statement, Receipts and Payments Statement Cash Flow Statement and the supporting schedules, with a view to expressing an opinion on the accounts.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Growth with Stability TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 9 SECTION TWO: WORLD ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AND OUTLOOK ....... 13 THE WORLD ECONOMY ............................................................................................ 13 THE AFRICAN ECONOMY ........................................................................................... 19 SECTION THREE: DEVELOPMENTS AND OUTLOOK IN THE WEST AFRICA SUB-REGION .................................................................................................... 22 THE WEST AFRICAN ECONOMY .................................................................................. 22 MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WAMZ ................................................ 23 SECTION FOUR: MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN 2006 ....................... 29 Real Sector .................................................................................................... 31 FISCAL DEVELOPMENTS ............................................................................................ 39 Receipts ......................................................................................................... 40 Payments ....................................................................................................... 44 DEVELOPMENTS IN PUBLIC DEBT AND AID MANAGEMENT ................................ 49 Developments in Monetary Policy ..................................................................... 61 EXTERNAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • Inir-Mission-To-Ghana-January-2017.Pdf
    MISSION REPORT ON THE INTEGRATED NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE REVIEW (INIR) - PHASE 1 Counterpart: Ghana Nuclear Power Programme Organisation (GNPPO) 16–23 January 2017 Accra, Ghana 2 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 5 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 6 2. OBJECTIVES OF THE MISSION ................................................................................... 7 3. SCOPE OF THE MISSION .............................................................................................. 7 4. WORK DONE .................................................................................................................. 8 5. MAIN CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................... 8 6. EVALUATION RESULTS FOR PHASE 1 ................................................................... 11 ATTACHMENT 1: REVIEW OBSERVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR PHASE 1 .................................................................................... 19 ATTACHMENT 2: LISTS OF THE INIR TEAM AND COUNTERPARTS ........................ 77 ATTACHMENT 3: REFERENCES ........................................................................................ 85 ATTACHMENT 4: ACRONYMS ........................................................................................... 95 3 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The lack of consistent
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Ghana IGF 2015 ______
    _______________________________ Report on the Ghana IGF 2015 ___________________________________________ By Ghana IGF Secretariat c/o CERT-GH Coordination Centre 6th Floor, Ghana Multimedia Centre High Street, Accra Ghana [email protected] November 2015 Contents Background .............................................................................................................................. 4 Basis for the organizing the Ghana IGF ...................................................... 4 Funding for Event ................................................................................................................. 4 Organizational Structure for organizing event .................................... 5 Event Program & Organization ............................................................................. 6 Program .................................................................................................................................... 6 Organization and participation ..................................................................... 6 Press Coverage ................................................................................................................. 6 Challenges & Way Forward .................................................................................... 6 APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................. 7 Appendix A- List of Steering and Planning Committees & Secretariat Volunteers ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Census Monitoring and Tracking Framework
    2010 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS PROVISIONAL RESULTS GHANA STATISTICAL SERVICE FEBRUARY, 2011 PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The 2010 Population and Housing Census was conducted with 26th September, 2010 as the reference point (Census Night). All persons who were found within the borders of Ghana on Census Night, irrespective of their nationality and status were enumerated. In addition, all living structures and community level facilities were enumerated. The Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) plans to release a series of data from the Census aimed at increasing the utility of the census data. This publication is the first of such series of data releases with the object of furnishing the general public with summarized information about the country. Subsequent releases on the 2010 Population and Housing Census will present more detailed information about the population and residential structures as well as community level facilities. We wish to take this opportunity to thank members of the National Census Secretariat, National Census Technical Advisory Committee, National Census Publicity and Education Committee and Regional/District Census Implementation Committees for their dedication in ensuring a successful census operation. We also owe gratitude to our Development Partners particularly, UNFPA, UNDP, DFID, UNICEF, DANIDA and the Republic of China for their funding, technical assistance and material support. The GSS is indebted to the Government of Ghana for not only funding the bigger part of the Census but also for supporting in many other areas of the Census process. We also appreciate the contribution of the general public, the media, the field supervisors/enumerators and regional/district census officers for ensuring a successful field enumeration.
    [Show full text]
  • By Thesis Submitted to the Department of Business Administration, Ashesi
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ashesi Institutional Repository ASHESI UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE APPROPRIATENESS OF THE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES EMPLOYED BY THE URBAN ROADS SECTOR IN GHANA: A CASE OF THE ACCRA METROPOLITAN AREA. By MAAME ABENA OWUSUA OWUSU-ACHEAW Thesis submitted to the Department of Business Administration, Ashesi University College. In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration APRIL, 201 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own original work and that no part of it has been presented for another degree in this university or elsewhere. Candidate’s Signature:…………………………………………………………………… Candidate’s Name:……………………………………………… Date:………………………….. I hereby declare that the preparation and presentation of the thesis were supervised in accordance with the guidelines on supervision of thesis laid down by Ashesi University College. Supervisor’s Signature:…………………………………………………………………….. Supervisor’s Name:…………………………………………..…………………………. Date:…………………………………………..………….. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My sincere gratitude goes to my supervisor Dr. Sena Agyepong for her immense support and guidance throughout this project. Also, I will want to thank my parents, Mrs. Josephine Djan, Joseph Bossman for all their motivation during this period. I appreciate all the help and support from my fellow thesis colleagues, Janice, Wendy, Lawrence and Ayesha. I extend my sincere gratitude to Rom Consult Limited, Department of Urban Roads and Accra Metropolitan Roads Department for providing me with accurate information. Finally, I would like to thank everyone in the entire Ashesi community who I could not mention but supported me in diverse ways, may God bless you all.
    [Show full text]