Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Republic of Ghana Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version June 2010 Financed by the 9th European Development Fund Service Contract N° 9 ACP GH019 In association with Egis Bceom International Executive Summary This Integrated Transport Plan is the first in Ghana to utilise an integrated economic and transport planning methodology to identify investment priorities based on the future demand for transport. The Plan aims to support the Government’s strategy-lead approach to development planning. The Plan includes strategies and actions to be undertaken between 2011 and 2015 for all modes of transport including many institutional and regulatory measures aiming to improve performance and bring about better integration throughout Government’s transport planning environment. Government has identified the importance of the transport sector in providing strategic support to the productive sectors of the economy and the measures set out in this Plan aim to support the attainment of the NTP Goals. It therefore becomes the primary implementation plan for the transport sector and it is hoped that the Plan will inform Government’s budgetary allocations to the sector from 2011 onwards. To satisfy expectations, there are three main outputs from the process undertaken so far: This Integrated Transport Plan – proposing a range of infrastructure developments, institutional and regulatory measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of Ghana’s transport system. Investments in infrastructure have been prioritised for the plan period and targeted at locations to overcome capacity constraints and where economic viability has been proven. Decision making tools and procedures to carry out the forecasting, modelling and evaluation necessary to implement a strategy-led approach to transport planning; identifying strategic investments and measures that inculcate a more integrated approach to policy formulation, planning and delivery. Knowledge and understanding of how the transport planning framework needs to be changed and improved with recommendations. Large investment projects for road and rail infrastructure have been identified as necessary to meet demand. The evaluation method has proven them to be economically viable within the life of the Plan. Developments in other modes, such as aviation, inland water and non- motorised transport, have also been considered and the Plan provides a framework in which future modal masterplans can be developed. The following masterplans are either underway or about to commence: airports, maritime ports, railways and non-motorised transport in Tema. A core objective for the ITP project was to introduce an evidence-based planning methodology into the current planning environment. As has been demonstrated throughout the process, an integrated transport planning methodology relies on data being available for the purpose and a collaborative environment amongst agencies to share that data. Whilst in many instances, both data and cooperation were missing, concerted efforts were made to build bridges between organisations and fill the data gaps so that proposals made in this plan are based on the Ghanaian reality. This has been achieved in several ways: Following extensive analysis of Ghana’s past economic performance, forecasts of growth and development in the future were agreed with NDPC and these provided the basis for assessing growth of key factors of the economy and the subsequent demand for transport. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 2 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Statistical data was collected from Ghana Statistical Service and other Ghanaian agencies to determine the extent to which key socio-economic factors such as population and urbanization will create a demand for transport throughout the country. A joint team from the Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Highways undertook extensive consultation with all key commodity stakeholders to determine which commodities would be the key drivers of transport demand in the future. Traffic surveys were undertaken using local teams in over 30 locations throughout the national road network and these were used as the basis for calibrating the transport model and forecasting future traffic levels. The project has progressed under the joint supervision of The Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Highways including a Project Steering Committee comprising senior personnel from all transport sector agencies. A special transport planning group (TPG) was formed by the Ministry of Roads and Highways and the Ministry of Transport to guide the planning process. It is proposed that the TPG will become the core transport planning group to ensure cooperation and integration between the transport modes. Personnel have been selected from the sector to form a core transport modelling team. They have undergone extensive hands-on training and will take charge of the transport model used to formulate this Plan. Therefore, considerable progress has been made in establishing a system of integrated economic and transport planning in Ghana. Manuals, models and decision making tools have been produced to aid the decision making process and enable integrated transport planning to be undertaken for the first time. Personnel have been involved throughout the process and a core capability has been established. Considerable learning has also taken place and measures are proposed in this Plan to further strengthen the capacity to formulate integrated transport plans in the future. Therefore, whilst this Plan is the culmination of over 2 years of work, it should also be seen as the launch-pad from which an integrated transport planning methodology can be fully developed and adopted. This Plan, Volume 1 ‘Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015’, contains only a small part of the outputs from the ITP project. In addition, the following reports contain a description of the full methodology and the results of analyse, forecasts and evaluations carried out throughout the planning process: Volume 2 contains an analysis of Ghana’s economic performance to forecast potential growth for the period to 2035. Volume 3 contains studies undertaken on Ghana’s key commodities including forecasts of their future production up to 2035 and subsequent demand on transport. Volume 4 sets out data on Ghana’s socio-economic factors that will affect transport demand in the future. Key growth factors include: GDP, population, urbanization, motorisation, tourism and forecasts of future production in key sectors of the economy. Volume 5 provides a brief report on transport costs including the development of a simple model for comparison. Volume 6 is a report on the calibration of the transport model used in the methodology. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 3 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Volume 7 is the multi-criteria evaluation manual used to evaluate the selected projects and select the priority projects for investment 2011-2015.. Volume 8 contains a report on the project evaluations undertaken to identify the priority projects for the 2011-2015 period. Volume 9 is a report on the Road Transport Sector identifying the current state of road transport services and how they can be improved. Volume 10 is a report on the current financing arrangements in Ghana and sets out a full breakdown of the potential cost and funding for the projects identified. Volume 11 is a Pre-feasibility study on Boankra Dry port which utilises the traffic levels developed in the ITP methodology to assess the economic and financial viability of developing Boankra port as an integral part of the transport system. Volume 12 is a Pre-feasibility study on the Eastern Railway which also considers the operational benefits of combined operations between the eastern and western lines. Volume 13 is a Pre-feasibility study that has focused on a specific connectivity issue in the aviation sector; that of connecting between international and national flights at Kotoka International Airport. Integrated Transport Plan for Ghana Page 4 Volume 1: Integrated Transport Plan 2011-2015 Final Version Egis Bceom International Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ...........................................................................13 1. Context ............................................................................................13 1.1 Economic Conditions: Global, Sub Regional, National...................... 13 1.2 Development Policy and Objectives .................................................. 15 1.3 The Current Economic and Transport Planning Arrangements in Ghana................................................................................................. 16 2. Integrated Transport Plans: Theory and Practice.............................18 2.1 Defining integration ............................................................................ 18 2.2 Land Use Planning............................................................................. 19 2.3 Planning Horizons .............................................................................. 20 3. The Purpose and Content of this Integrated Transport Plan ............21 Chapter 2 Diagnosis ...............................................................................23 1. The Governance framework affecting the transport sector...............23 1.1 The Policy