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Entry Point Monitoring of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq: July – August 2014

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Entry Point Monitoring of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq: July – August 2014 ENTRY POINT MONITORING OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN NORTHERN IRAQ: JULY – AUGUST 2014 IRAQ A ZRAQ CAMP: SHELTER ASSESSMENT SSESSMENT EPORT A R SEPTEMBER 2014 A ZRAQ CAMP: SHELTER ASSESSMENT ESSMENT REPORT ENTRYSEPTEMBER POINT M 201ONITORING4 OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN NORTHERN IRAQ: JULY – AUGUST 2014 AZRAQ CAMP: SHELTER ASSESSMENT Entry Point Monitoring of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq: July – August 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 List of Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Geographical Classifications ................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Figures, Maps and Tables ............................................................................................................................ 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 Methodology .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Key Informant .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Household ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Data Analysis and Limitations ................................................................................................................................. 6 Key Findings ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Area of Origin .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Entry points ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Means of transport ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Prior entry points used ................................................................................................................................... 9 Family contacts / sponsors ........................................................................................................................... 10 Documentation provided .............................................................................................................................. 11 Family Size ................................................................................................................................................... 12 Intentions .............................................................................................................................................................. 13 Planned alternative if unable to enter the KRI .............................................................................................. 13 Accommodation ............................................................................................................................................ 14 Planned/targeted location ............................................................................................................................. 16 Forms of support ................................................................................................................................................... 17 Availability of support ................................................................................................................................... 17 Sustainability of support ............................................................................................................................... 19 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................................... 21 About REACH Initiative REACH was created in 2010 to facilitate the development of information tools and products that enhance the capacity of aid actors to make evidence-based decisions in emergency, recovery and development contexts. All REACH activities are conducted in support to and within the framework of inter-agency aid coordination mechanisms. For more information, you can write to our Iraq office: [email protected] or to our global team in Geneva [email protected]. Visit our website at www.reach-intiative.org and follow us @REACH_info. 1 Entry Point Monitoring of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq: July – August 2014 SUMMARY In June 2014, conflict erupted in parts of central and northern Iraq, resulting in a massive influx of over 500,000 people into the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Many of these people have travelled directly to the KRI, which is perceived as offering greater security than other regions in Iraq. The magnitude of displacement that has taken place from areas affected by the conflict - primarily the governorates of Ninewa, Anbar and Salah Al Din - has posed a significant challenge for the humanitarian response. The regular movement of internally displaced persons (IDPs) towards the KRI and within the region has made it difficult to keep track of the needs required in each area. In response to this information gap, REACH Initiative has undertaken daily monitoring of key, accessible entry points to the KRI since the 21st of June 2014. In order to understand the needs and intentions of IDPs arriving in the KRI, REACH Initiative has collected information about their area of origin, household demographics, planned movement within the KRI, intended accommodation arrangements and availability of economic resources. Therefore, the purpose of this report is two-fold: on the one hand, to analyse trends across the nine weeks of data collection; on the other hand, to provide indicative findings at governorate-level. Therefore, the analysis also serves to identify, in its key findings, issues and geographical areas for ongoing assessment. Analysis of the data from the beginning of July to the end of August has enabled the identification of certain patterns that should create a more effective response through informing humanitarian programming. Initially, the majority of assessed IDP households wanting to enter the KRI were from Ninewa Governorate - where much of the violence took place in June and July. However, as violence and fear spreads across the country, entry points have seen increasing traffic from areas such as Anbar and Salah Al Din. Since mid-August the provision of residency permits has been replaced with tourist or open-ended passes. This prevents access to employment, which will affect a household’s ability to afford adequate accommodation and continue to cover their basic needs. Gradually, assessed IDPs’ intention to rent has been replaced with more low-cost arrangements, such as open air spaces and collective shelters (ie. parks and mosques), particularly in Duhok and Erbil. This has severe implications for access to basic services and, in the absence of regular external assistance, the ability to cope during winter. IDP households displaced during a significant wave of movement from their area of origin are less likely to have sufficient means to meet their basic needs for more than a week, having fled their homes with little notice. Those who were displaced one or two weeks later may have had more time to plan for their departure, accumulate capital or find other means of support on arrival. Significant variations were noted among the three governorates IDPs were willing to reach in the KRI – Erbil, Duhok and Sulaymaniyah - which should be taken into careful consideration by the different actors operating in these areas. Generally speaking, those assessed wanting to enter Erbil and Sulaymaniyah planned to go to the central cities, whereas assessed arrivals at the Duhok Governorate entry points were more or less equally divided between Sheikhan District, Duhok City and Semel District. If prevented from entering the KRI, the majority of assessed IDPs wanting to enter Duhok Governorate said they would go to a camp (which is likely to be affected by the presence of Garmawa Camp in Sheikhan District). IDP households assessed at Sulaymaniyah Governorate entry points reported intent to return to their area of origin (of which a majority were from Anbar and Salah Al Din governorates) if denied access to the KRI. More than half of the assessed IDPs wanting to enter Sulaymaniyah reported not having any economic resources to support their family; this was reported by a quarter of assessed IDPs at Duhok Governorate entry points and by less than 5% of those assessed wanting to enter Erbil. 2 Entry Point Monitoring of Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Iraq: July – August 2014 LIST OF ACRONYMS AOG Armed Opposition Group AoO Area of Origin IDP Internally Displaced Person KRI Kurdistan Region of Iraq
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