The Saratoga Battlefield: a Vegetative History
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
< °3 < 3 ^ Cl& m fe/oo % yw ]135135 , PROPERTY OF LIBRARY o j DIVISION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES. NARO THE SARATOGA BATTLEFIELD: A VEGETATIVE HISTORY Nancy M. Gordon 15 March 1987 D 1 4 / CHRONOLOGY - 1600s: area inhabited by Mahicans 1614: Dutch traders established Fort Nassau on Castle Island, opposite Albany 1617: Fort Nassau abandoned 1624: Mohawks defeat Mahicans 1628: Mahicans withdraw to east side o f Hudson River 1664: English take' New Netherlands from the Dutch 1684: Saratoga Patent 1685: Saratoga flats divided up into seven lots 1686: First abortive proposal to settle Christian Indians at Saratoga 1708: Confirmation of Saratoga Patent 1709: First European settlement at "Saraghtoge" 1745: Indian massacre of European inhabitants at "Saraghtoge" 1749: Peter Kalin travels up the Hudson 1750: Division of Saratoga Patent into lots 1754: Second abortive proposal to settle Christian Indians at "Saraghtoge" 1760-65: Construction of the large sawmill on Fish Creek 1765: Opening o f the store at Saratoga 1767: Subdivision by Bleecker of some of the Saratoga lots 1768: John Freeman cited as being "on Lott N° 16" 1769: Trip of Richard Smith up the Hudson and Mohawk riv ers 1774: Sale of plots on Lots #37 and 40 1776: Sale of all of sawmill output to Continental Army 1776: Charles Carroll visits Saratoga 1777: Battle of Saratoga 1780: Marquis de Chastellux visits Saratoga Battlefield 1794: William Strickland visits Saratoga Battlefield 2 ^ 'j Xjf i 'I a f T 'T ~ 2 S . -4>. J?l<Z*ZC. ~CCaT~'£) JJ1J. o PaxYVUon. &? D w \ S^raXTo^\. luo ^ *^7t \*C X^ttY bn Vnt ^XvsK* <Ytxy oY* 'Su.'Au N ^ S O , y e v su-unY* -YC* an a o r t o mcuY oj\* A\\c Y tit^ i'r tt\ v «\ )re 'b e n ftt1l»sL7 oY 'YcOCenYv^r oY* A\ic t •* cc\V\ccV Y )y ^0r?« n a m « o5" 5 <*v*aAo q^u. - T«*V m< t\n<J. cvccordlnp Ywc noYtce ovven \r\ VC\« *YYttvv'Vov*WYv.\V\\c*^r\r\K<j , TncY"’ aY-Xhe \ao\a>i» uY" X*A yuay*iSl NN tWtamt NvntVu'i" \r\ •XW C.\\y o Y (\\V»cwy , \v\ o\*A*v" Xu vnt\\rtC cv c U v ^ v o n oS''"’ StY\A. -YrcvcY" oSf \-ar»cX. su-wi-yctV omA \u\A. ovOf \}y "5o\r>n ^>nYV« ^pVeecUer, &ui-vejov oY* \-ancl^ ( ctnd JoUn G\en of" 'Yht: C* K y oY~<A\\3(vny o p p a a n n A m loeViaXf"’ oY AYTc Y Y e liy « i » d r e p r e ^ n t a X i v c^- o p 3 a n Cjanye. J5 \ e t c V t J )J- KiWtan y<.-lH--cr- y » J b i- AVie rripv-.yycnVa^ytT- o5T C orn ell V an'V jtU , GerrovAu^ G rucsbcck ,f ■ revrovei-Acdlvo/ u,Y* "pc r i cU Ten^roeck , 3 oVvn "Von Haon >ye\a nr ^ J r re preyo n t^i n A C o U .Y ieV er yJcViiaySGr's £l«ii-<r u n i a. Viat-X'" lyY* ■=<. S-Wira. affX&v ■» a m e ' L o n c\y l'j&,i\n.rr''X_. jy { n i ^ f i ’n in one o?'x* IVici SWar*c> AT^p *»am«. \oncX, « y I'eprcjrcrtYi wo T 6 ob e»'Y * l_ / iv ’mo s X o n O Hd-NNard CoWm* oj, ftp r o e A in o oV\^Vr WASFsVittV-c.* oS" Vfve s.cvrXT'ooWviljy ! ni> ~,Xl> n onA^vWWvm 3oVin'pc^a.yiXtv' .'for Vfit iViov-c 0$" Ca\\. 0> aVm $> c W y \ c v 3>4 , cmcv U „ vs^ i perj-uvi o n i cuv-c.S-u.W2/ cxominccV V£e ticuA cVcdjOT uni Wv«,S e A •' vs -\Vfc ' / , „ \cuA UU.V , u>vc\_ \fui \oY- b e 'm o c v 'r o i-V 'e A Au -tfvs 6 a ^ 7J(acvion oS" «\\ ^ c u - K t ^ \ov- c ? a ^ * U “’ c" ^ r n c n F o .^ ,VfTc W vA r, pvcvc e/ bc\ncj Qr V^c SeconA day o.{ Qc\oV>cr -* aV Wic ^\wvc onA 'p'“-cc-. a^o rc5,o\A uccov-Avn io 'VtT- notice------ «tov« vaicX. _ 1Va« yar\\«; 'proCtf(i^eA Vf cW wiAo o t L o ^ a,nj. YT . c\wv\ccvVi\c A\ f ^ *cvnna .n'■ .\«e ^ t,tlvc(----- J^V1 yf __X’v . c^v _W _ . i«. n«>..<» t ^ 'ly-. ^ artt\ «\Y i-u'fy u^orU* A a c c u r A m M ^ , w e r e c\v n -\Z io \o o y ^-\N'v\Vu»v>vS7^\liclm^ , ^on -|i ' tioui. ’V.-Avuw-tX vN \X\U\n\| ; ani\ TWumcxy ^Wlam^ , *»on iv^J)oUn'Y/i\\itmv;J in ttnc |iri- ^ rtu. ^\.'.b*3c»'Ain\u vjAne^rcy Carnc\nvJN .<Aovv-ic ; Gr«r v’.W 'U cv -n c m A "VJ aviavUr'-V\rc\v ; \v_y TLA. CoWin^ ^Vu: I r c\\\n\M-\ey. rW^eipv-^cn^Wycy Cru^e^NtteVsec V.^ ^oVin G\imw. 1 he ^cptrerenVaXiscy oT Cor neWy Vcwx'VycK by YWWyav^^AAcr ~ r«i\ai-7>T oSC CorneSi^ ^ebay. tor ^Toepr^dvraV 'ivc/ o^^'aVn Scbuy.-JH V,^ Tobn 7, 1 ? ^ n «\' VW V-V^ V* fr'VT . Ty ^ 'Y'fcP'-e««^v«/ ^ ^ rt\,^V?„eV G aX Xric vcu^acrV n.V n c w c c u - e F 'T e n ^ 1- a e c Vv. — J ' 3 .T VxF - O' >T l 3^v ^T'T.'cVerjicUco/Xtr Vy'5«»Vv„^„?^e„„u'A a e f a\ «it rt^tvX „Y rVcw^avcW YuvivnoWon ~ ^ 7/ 3?£>o\3erV A.VvivnGvYon 5>en.'" ■yA; T^pE-rT\1C,'? OToATi r.J? UT-r,■ A C r onrtTe- ---Z 6 <?cKcy- “iy oJf dvane ; vvv W-n; ear u.T Ouv"Lorc\/ 3 f ‘ A -V P °'^ J V,^ Sre’^me'» ■pftv a o'ne ^VA.'yTTaxcVvS 3^cV^ o\ XW ^ V «m *tUuvf »^iuAlcttW v/: TroWnce ^ L v o / k , ■VCTe v^ixvi'm -bal'd ''Ao\1n T o .^ \ i:i:cVu,- Cmd. T a c o b . ; bo-iC ^ aFc cwj; < a X W y , NA/Wo, We^n^ ^AdVy «,morin MvtrciWy c\epo>c , « n d , ^ 5 v- ^cv u l Oo\nn iu7.^>\eu.cV.t.Y- •ua'iX'ri ; •VTCcnF' A'C\y v v iV V u ^ p u r v e y v*7 x c\ncl \ p e r P “o 1 U V •P1 ^>£\\ OUVXW «Vt«vva7C ^ vcr f ’ ' “ > > * ^ \ot^ wiVPvn v^cinVTonc-cl weraw e r a clvcwNnAvawn7,;, >n ^^7. p ro y cn cc rtpre^cBUCy, cy'Tdt^ , «nA -tfiv V > ut'J.^C.T.nXvclt - ^\.scr,V)ei.inscribe A ■yyvy'/ncvvc, iXncyycy XVvprcfAf^'«C,-„ - . r>-e- i.. • j, '4 ' 777 '?• °<\ h V ^ ‘-pontMiU ovm n H chycL . x • x *■ * ' *.-->.■ ■ 3,U ,\f| K Yor X'fCe "K? cpri'/cnXa'(iye^ 3^\c/Ccr >DcViu.y\ov'- 7. 8 , 19, 37; ^ 8, z G V. ^3 •• ^ JvoSt* LiivmovCin^ J r . Z, lo , Ifo, z i , 4 y -y3 3 K ^-/ .. <3 i>\in cViuy \ cv'---- - •5^ I 3^ 2.1, 3g j *f-G j 'if V/ 7,% ., T’l’rcVi ^_, X , 9 , lo,+l,'n.3lV,?.t ,. 3S3<JborV3-<\*vin^vVon 6en5_> 4 ; It, IS, 3 6 , ^ ,5 !% % ^ .. ”3ar\ (Sanye ^AcecVs.e r: / G , 14, 15*/ Sfi, f - / , , Cur tu'\i^ 'Y'on ^ y c K ------ * r-j * . ( X\e\.tr n n t, -WiVne^e.^ ,[.3ttcobXen^ck 3^ecurc\i;d ao.iXjy/cwniiix\tc\, a'oose'YYov\p 2^? p u r v e y t)u\\/-25 “ I7 t / o Introduction Service ''in thee a "eW oh?Eter in the hlst°rS' °f the »«ional Park ervice. that year Congress, through the Historic Sites Act, added to M f the Ser,iCC by nakln* “ « * keeper of ihe n^ion-e to ®°nu,nent®- A® Part of that responsibility the Service was ordered ™ake necessary investigations and researches in the United States m Par“ cJ>lar »ites* buildings, or objects to obtain true and hfiJ historical and archaeological facts and information," dealing with the historic monuments in its charge.1 o a r J o / r L T r ? Si?CD \935 8 l8rg€ liS t ° f h istoric monuments have become l l r l l l i t ' SJ J < * I Sl en- The Saratoga b a ttle fie ld was one o f the Juni1? Je; beir>8 added t0 the Service’s national historic sites on historic pa^k 2^ P t0 tHat tlB€ thC bettlefield had been a New York state The intervention of World War II held up the full absorption of the te lv f o l l o w ^ ef i eld the National Park s-vstera* In the years imraedia- t & ,the, war» however, the s t a ff o f the Park began to carrv out the Service s mission to "...make necessary investigations.. .to obtain true and accurate historical and archaeological facts..." In 1947, in connec- Kok2 Wp!^ SHf f°r tha reforestation of much of the park, Richard J. Koke, Park Historian, submitted "A Report on the Reforestation Program fo r f o n t s l0nfJ ?istorical Park." Koke's report was based on information tained in a limited number of historic sources; a much more extensive survey was carried out by Charles W.