Your Community in Profile: Quinte, Kingston, Rideau

Lanark Leeds and Hastings Grenville

Frontenac

Lennox and Prince Addington Edward

Building healthy and vibrant communities

The Trillium Foundation is an agency of the Government of Ontario.

Table of Contents

Introduction ...... 4 Regional Map...... 5 Summary for Quinte, Kingston, Rideau (QKR)...... 8 People in Your Community - Population, Language and Diversity...... 10 Quinte, Kingston, Rideau Population Overview...... 10 Age Groups ...... 15 Youth ...... 18 Seniors Living Alone...... 19 Urbanization ...... 20 Official Language Groups – English and French...... 22 Francophones...... 24 Non-official Language Groups...... 25 First Nations and Other Aboriginal Populations...... 30 Visible Minority ...... 32 Immigrant Population...... 34 Labour Force ...... 37 Full Time and Part Time Work Activity ...... 42 Education...... 44 Income...... 49 Individuals - Average and Median Income ...... 49 Households - Average and Median Income ...... 53 Low Income ...... 56 After-tax Income - First-time Data From the Census...... 57 Data Sources ...... 58 Census Concepts and Definitions...... 59 List of Tables

Table 1 – Median Age 2001 and 2006 ...... 17 Table 2 - Youth Population in 2001 and 2006...... 18 Table 3 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages ...... 29 Table 4 - Visible Minority Population...... 33 Table 5 - Rank of Newcomers by Major Place of Birth ...... 36 Table 6 - Top Five Industries by Employed Population...... 39 Table 7 - Top Five Occupations ...... 40 Table 8 - Population 15 Years and Over With Employment Income, by Work Activity ... 43 Table 9 - Ranking of Major Field of Study by Sex in QKR ...... 48 Table 10 - Low Income Economic Families 2005 ...... 56

OTF – 2008 Community Profile - QKR 2

List of Charts

Chart 1 - Regional Population Within Ontario’s Total Population...... 10 Chart 2 - Population 2001 and 2006 ...... 11 Chart 3 - Population Change 1996-2006 ...... 11 Chart 4 - Population Change by Municipality 2001-2006...... 13 Chart 5 - Population by Major Age Groups ...... 15 Chart 6 - Age Pyramid for QKR...... 16 Chart 7 - Youth as Percentage of Total Population in 2001 and 2006...... 18 Chart 8 - Seniors Living Alone 2006 ...... 19 Chart 9 - Urbanization 2006...... 20 Chart 10 - Urbanization by Municipality ...... 21 Chart 11 - Mother Tongue Spoken 2006...... 23 Chart 12 - Francophones 2001 and 2006 ...... 24 Chart 13 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in QKR ...... 25 Chart 14 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Frontenac...... 26 Chart 15 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Hastings...... 26 Chart 16 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Lanark...... 27 Chart 17 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Leeds and Grenville...... 27 Chart 18 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Lennox and Addington.. 28 Chart 19 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Prince Edward County .. 28 Chart 20 - Aboriginal Population 2001 and 2006 ...... 30 Chart 21 - Aboriginal Groups in QKR...... 31 Chart 22 - Visible Minority Population in QKR ...... 32 Chart 23 - Distribution of Canadian-born and Foreign-born Population...... 34 Chart 24 - Period of Immigration ...... 35 Chart 25 - Newcomers to QKR by Place of Birth ...... 36 Chart 26 - Employed Population 15 Years and Over 2001 and 2006 ...... 37 Chart 27 - Employed Population 15 Years and Over ...... 38 Chart 28 - Rate of Unemployment for Males and Females...... 38 Chart 29 - Rate of Unemployment by Major Age Groups ...... 39 Chart 30 - Top Five Industries by Employed Population in QKR ...... 40 Chart 31 - Top Five Occupations in QKR...... 41 Chart 32 - Type of Work Activity - Full Time and Part Time Work ...... 42 Chart 33 - Full Time Work Activity by Sex...... 43 Chart 34 - Percent of Population 25-64 Years in QKR by Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree Attained...... 44 Chart 35 - Population 25-64 Years by Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree ...... 45 Chart 36 - Population 25-64 Years With Postsecondary Qualifications by Location of Study...... 46 Chart 37 - Major Fields of Study in QKR...... 47 Chart 38 - Average Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Sex in 2005 ...... 49 Chart 39 - Median Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Sex in 2005...... 50 Chart 40 - Median Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Municipality 2005 ...... 51 Chart 41 - Average and Median Before-tax Income ($) for Private Households in 2005 53 Chart 42 - Average and Median Before-tax Income for Private Households by Municipality in 2005 ...... 54 Chart 43 - Prevalence of Low Income Before-tax and After-tax in Economic Families in 2005...... 56

OTF – 2008 Community Profile - QKR 3

Community Profile: Quinte, Kingston and Rideau Introduction

The following profile is based on demographic trends in your community between 2001 and 2006. During this period, Ontario saw its population grow by 6.6 per cent, more than the national average of 5.4 per cent. But while this large, complex and dynamic province grew overall, a closer look reveals some different shifts in some communities. Due to social and economic trends, some areas have experienced a growth of more than 10 per cent while other areas have actually seen a decline in population.

To help unravel the complexity of Ontario’s demographic trends, Statistics has used 2006 Census data to customize 17 community profiles for the Ontario Trillium Foundation (OTF). These profiles provide the most recent demographic analyses of the province and the 16 regions funded by the Foundation. OTF appreciates the work of in analyzing the data and helping to produce these reports.

Community Profile: Quinte, Kingston and Rideau has been customized to this region. To better illustrate the region’s unique circumstances, local characteristics and trends have been noted when they represent a significant difference from provincial results. For your convenience, a glossary has also been included to provide definitions for the technical terms used in this document.

OTF – 2008 Community Profile - QKR 4

Regional Map

OTF – 2008 Community Profile - QKR 5

Geographic Context for QKR Quinte, Kingston, and Rideau includes six Census Divisions. The data presented in this report is based on Statistics Canada Census of Population and uses the Standard Geographic Areas from the Census. For the 2006 Census, each of the Census Divisions contains the lower tier municipalities as listed below:

Management Board of Frontenac: City of Kingston Township of North Frontenac Township of Township of Township of

County of Hastings: Town of Bancroft Municipality of City of Belleville City of Township of Carlow/Mayo Township of Stirling-Rawdon Municipality of Township of Tudor and Cashel Town of Municipality of Tweed Township of Faraday Township of Tyendinaga Municipality of Indian Reserve of Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Township of Limerick Township of Wollaston Township of Madoc

County of Lanark: Township of Beckwith Township of Montague Town of Carleton Place Town of Perth Township of Drummond/North Elmsley Town of Smiths Falls Township of Township of Tay Valley Town of Mississippi Mills

United Counties of Leeds and Grenville: Township of Athens Township of Leeds and the Thousand Islands Township of Augusta Village of Merrickville-Wolford City of Brockville Municipality of North Grenville Township of Edwardsburgh/Cardinal Town of Prescott Township of Elizabethtown-Kitley Township of Rideau Lakes Township of Front of Yonge Village of Westport Town of Gananoque

United Counties of Lennox and Addington: Township of Township of Loyalist Town of Greater Napanee Township of Stone Mills

County of Prince Edward: City of Prince Edward

This region contains one Indian Reserve which was incompletely enumerated during the 2006 Census. No information is available for this area.

The land area of this region is 19,806.1 square kilometres, around 2% of Ontario. Hastings covers 30.2% of the land area which was the largest share in QKR. Prince Edward County covers the smallest area, accounting for 5.3% of the land area.

Land Area in square kilometres, 2006 OTF – 2008 Community Profile - QKR 6

Leeds Lennox Prince QKR Frontenac Hastings Lanark and and Edward Ontario Region Grenville Addington County

3,672.5 5,977.6 2,979.1 3,350.2 2,776.5 1,050.1 19,806.1 907,573.8

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 7 Summary for Quinte, Kingston, Rideau (QKR)

Substantial growth in Francophone and Aboriginal communities; few newcomers; population aging at a faster rate than province overall

The population of Ontario grew by 6.6% between 2001 and 2006, more than the national average of 5.4%. Although the population of Quinte, Kingston and Rideau (QKR) grew at less than half the rate of the province overall (3.2%), its growth rate more than doubled from the previous census period (1996 to 2001). While Francophones comprise almost 3% of the total population in this region, the Francophone population in QKR is growing at a faster pace (5.5%) than other regions in the Ontario. In May of 2006 the Province announced the designation of Kingston as a Francophone service area, stating that, "Kingston's designation reflects the growth and vitality of Ontario's Francophone population.” . The Aboriginal community is also experiencing significant growth and grew from 9,000 to 13,400 between 2001 and 2006. Aboriginal people accounted for 2.7% of this region’s total population, a larger proportion than the province overall (2%). QKR also had a higher concentration of Métis (36%) and lower concentration of First Nation people (55%) compared to the rest of the province (30% and 65% respectively).

The population in QKR is older and aging at a faster rate compared to the province overall. As of 2006, QKR’s proportion of people aged 65 and over was 3% higher than Ontario as a whole. Within QKR, the Prince Edward County area had the largest proportion of residents who were aged 65 and over (21.7%). Every region within QKR had a greater increase in its median age than the 1.8 year increase for Ontario overall ranging from Frontenac with a 2.5 year increase to Prince Edward County with a 3.4 year increase.

At the other end of the age spectrum, the youth (13-24) population is growing slowly compared to the province overall. Frontenac had the highest proportion of children in the region while Prince Edward County had the lowest.

QKR is attracting few newcomers to the region. Less than 1 in 10 residents is born outside of Canada, most having established themselves before 1971. A much higher proportion of residents in QKR report English as their mother tongue compared to the province overall.

Other regional highlights

. In 2006, unemployment rates in QKR (6.1%) were slightly lower than the provincial rate (6.4%), and within the region there was some variation. However, the differences were modest, with Frontenac reporting the highest unemployment rate (6.7%) and Lennox and Addington reporting the lowest (5.1%); . While the proportion of low-income families in QKR was below the provincial rate, the areas of Frontenac (9.5%) and Hastings (9.9%) had the highest proportion of low-income families;

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 8 . Bancroft and Smith Falls recorded the greatest population decreases while Carlow/Mayo and Frontenac Island are the fastest growing municipalities; . More than 2 in 5 recent QKR immigrants are from Asia and the Middle East; . The Chinese community is the overall largest visible minority group, followed by the South Asian and Black communities.

Responding to trends in the region

Findings like these help provide valuable insight into the communities within QKR. This information offers communities, volunteers and not-for-profit organizations direction on priority areas where additional funding is needed for programs and services.

Census data has helped OTF respond to the demographic trends in regions like QKR and will continue to help guide decision-making as new trends are identified. An example of this can be seen with Franco- Phare. This organization provides services and support to the Francophone community through organized cultural activities. Franco-Phare is particularly relevant given QKR’s rapidly growing Francophone community. Recognizing Franco-Phare’s responsiveness to this region’s needs, OTF provided funding to help support Quinte’s Francophone community and increase Franco-Phare’s visibility.

Tsi Kionhnheht ne Onkwawenna Language Circle is a great example of how the Aboriginal community in QKR is being served. With OTF’s help this initiative was able to afford program costs and supplies to provide community language initiatives for all ages. This program will enhance the organization’s capacity to promote the Kanyen’keha (Mohawk) language and culture on the Tyendinaga Territory.

Supporting the seniors’ population in QKR has been a priority for a number of organizations in this region. Bancroft Seniors Club c/o United Seniors Citizens of Ontario is one such example. With OTF funding, this organization serving seniors was able to purchase new furniture, kitchen appliances and a wireless microphone system for the Bancroft Seniors Club’s 580 club house. Upgrades will help improve access and enjoyment of this well-used community facility. The fact that recent census data highlights QKR’s older and rapidly aging population makes a funding opportunity like this a priority need for residents in this region.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 9 People in Your Community - Population, Language and Diversity

Quinte, Kingston, Rideau Population Overview

In 2006, there were 503,368 people living in Quinte, Kingston and Rideau (QKR), which accounts for 4.1% of all Ontarians. Please refer to Chart 1.

More than one quarter (28.6%) of QKR residents lived in Frontenac; 25.9% in Hastings; 19.7% in Leeds and Grenville; 12.7% in Lanark; 8.1% in Lennox and Addington; and the remaining 5.1% lived in Prince Edward County. Please refer to Chart 2.

The three municipalities within QKR with the highest populations were the cities of Kingston (117,207), Belleville (48,821) and Quinte West (42,697).

Chart 1 - Regional Population Within Ontario’s Total Population

4%

96%

QKR Re gion Re s t of Ontar io

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 10 Chart 2 - Population 2001 and 2006

700,000

600,000 503,368 500,000 487,984

400,000

300,000 Number

200,000 143,865 138,606 130,474 125,915 99,206 100,000 96,606 63,785 62,495 40,542 39,461 25,496 24,901 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Re gion Grenville Addington Ed w ar d County

Population, 2001 Population, 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

The population of QKR grew at a slower rate than Ontario overall Between 2001 and 2006, QKR’s population grew by 3.2%, which is less than half the provincial increase of 6.6%. While Hastings and Prince Edward County experienced population declines between 1996 and 2001, all areas within QKR experienced growth between 2001 and 2006. Please refer to Chart 3.

Chart 3 - Population Change 1996-2006

Frontenac 3.8 1.6 3.6 Hastings -0.1 2.1 Lanark 4.4

Leeds and Grenville 2.7 0.3 Lennox and Addington 2.7 0.7 2.4 Prince Edward County -0.6

QKR Re gion 3.2 1.1 6.6 Ontario 6.1

-2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 Population percentage change, 2001 to 2006 Population percentage change, 1996-2001

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 11 Population growth within QKR has varied Between 2001 and 2006, nine municipalities within QKR experienced a population decline. While all other municipalities experienced a population increase, eight grew at a higher rate than the provincial average: Carlow/Mayo (14.0%), Frontenac Islands (13.7%), South Frontenac (11.0%), Lanark Highlands (8.0%), Tyendinaga (8.0%), Wollaston (7.5%), Rideau Lakes (6.8%) and Drummond/North Elmsley (6.7%). Please refer to Chart 4.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 12 Chart 4 - Population Change by Municipality 2001-2006

Addington Highlands 4.6 Athens 1.1 Augusta -1.6 Bancroft -6.1

Beckwith 5.6 Belleville 6.1 Brockville 2.7 Carleton Place 4.1 Carlow/Mayo 14.0 Central Frontenac 2.4 Centre Hastings 3.8 Deseronto 1.6

Drummond/North Elmsley 6.7 Edwardsburgh/Cardinal 0.2 Elizabethtown-Kitley 1.6 Faraday -0.2

Front of Yonge 6.2 Frontenac Islands 13.7 Gananoque 2.3 Greater Napanee 1.8

Hastings Highlands 1.0 Kingston 2.6 Lanark Highlands 8.0

Leeds and the Thousand Islands 4.0

Limerick 0.6 Loyalist 3.2 Madoc 1.2

M armora and Lake -1.8

M errickville-Wolford 2.0 M ississippi M ills 0.7 M ontague -2.1

North Frontenac 5.7

North Grenville 4.5 Perth -1.6 Prescott -1.1

Prince Edward 2.4

Quinte West 3.2 Rideau Lakes 6.8 Smiths Falls -4.0

-10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 Percentage of change

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 13 South Frontenac . 11.0 Stirling-Rawdon 0.4 Stone M ills 3.1 Tay Valley 3.6 Tudor and Cashel 2.6 Tweed 0.0 Tyendinaga 8.0 Westport -0.3 Wollaston 7.5

-10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 Percentage of change

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 14 Age Groups

QKR’s working age population makes up a smaller proportion of the population than the province overall As of 2007, the proportion of the working age population (people aged 15 to 64) in QKR is lower than the proportion in Ontario overall. The only area within the region that had a larger proportion than the province overall is Frontenac. Please refer to Chart 5.

QKR has a higher proportion of seniors1 than Ontario overall As of 2006, QKR’s proportion of people aged 65 and over was 3% higher than the province overall. Within QKR, the Prince Edward County area had the largest proportion of residents who were aged 65 and over (21.7%). Please refer to Chart 5.

Chart 5 - Population by Major Age Groups

15.6 Frontenac 68.4 16.0 16.9 Hastings 66.0 17.1 16.0 Lanark 66.8 17.2 17.4 Leeds and Grenville 65.8 16.8 16.5 Lennox and Addington 66.7 16.8 21.7 Prince Edward County 63.8 14.4 16.7 QKR Region 66.7 16.6 13.6 Ontario 68.3 18.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0

Percentage

0-14 years Working Age Population (15-64 years) 65 years and over

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

The largest proportion of QKR residents are between the ages of 40 and 49 As of 2006, the 40 to 44 and 45 to 49 age groups accounted for the highest proportion of QKR’s population. There were also large proportions of the population aged 50 to 59 and 10 to 19. Following the national trend, there were more females than males in all age groups 65 and older. Please refer to Chart 6.

1 Refers to individuals aged 65 years and older.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 15 Chart 6 - Age Pyramid for QKR2

85 years and over Male Female

80 to 84 years

75 to 79 years

70 to 74 years

65 to 69 years

60 to 64 years

55 to 59 years

50 to 54 years

45 to 49 years

40 to 44 years

35 to 39 years

30 to 34 years

25 to 29 years

20 to 24 years

15 to 19 years

10 to 14 years

5 to 9 years

0 to 4 years

10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

QKR Ontario

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

QKR’s median age is rising Between 2001 and 2006, QKR’s median age – which divides the population into two groups of equal size – has increased. In fact, every area within QKR has had a greater increase in its median age than the 1.8 year increase for Ontario overall. The smallest increase was in Frontenac where the median age increased by 2.5 years, while the largest increase was in Prince Edward County where there was an increase of 3.4 years. Please refer to Table 1.

All areas within QKR have a median age that is higher than Ontario overall As of 2006, every area in QKR had a higher median age than the 39.0 years for Ontario overall. Prince Edward County, the area in QKR with the highest proportion of people aged 65 and over, had the highest median age within the catchment at 47.7. Please refer to Table 1.

2 A population pyramid is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population, which normally forms the shape of a pyramid. It typically consists of two back-to- back bar graphs, one showing the number of males and one showing females in a particular population in five-year age groups.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 16 Table 1 – Median Age 2001 and 2006

Leeds Lennox Prince Median Age Frontenac Hastings Lanark and and Edward Ontario Grenville Addington County 2001 38.3 39.6 39.9 40.7 40.1 44.3 37.2 2006 40.8 42.3 43.1 43.6 43.3 47.7 39.0 Difference 2.5 2.7 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.4 1.8 2001-06 Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 17 Youth

QKR’s youth population has increased but at a slower rate than Ontario overall Between 2001 and 2006, QKR’s youth population (13 to 24 years old) grew by 3,610 individuals, representing a 4.9% increase. While this is lower than the provincial increase of 9.3%, it is nevertheless higher than the 3.2% population increase experienced by QKR overall. Please refer to Table 2.

Frontenac has the highest proportion of youth in QKR Between 2001 and 2006, the proportion of youth increased to 15.5% of QKR’s total population. This proportion of youth was highest in Frontenac (16.7%) and lowest in Prince Edward County (13.8%). Please refer to Chart 7.

Table 2 - Youth Population in 2001 and 2006

Leeds Lennox Prince Youth QKR Frontenac Hastings Lanark and and Edward Ontario Population Region Grenville Addington County 2001 23,250 19,410 9,180 13,380 5,720 3,405 74,345 1,796,725 2006 23,990 20,445 9,805 14,390 5,810 3,515 77,955 1,964,605 Difference 740 1,035 625 1,010 90 110 3,610 167,880 2001-06 % change 3.2 5.3 6.8 7.5 1.6 3.2 4.9 9.3 2001-06 Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

Chart 7 - Youth as Percentage of Total Population in 2001 and 2006

Frontenac 16.7 16.8 Hastings 15.7 15.4 Lanark 15.4 14.7 Leeds and Grenville 14.5 13.9 Lennox and Addington 14.3 14.5 Prince Edward County 13.8 13.7 QKR Re gion 15.5 15.2 Ontario 16.2 15.7

12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0

Percentage

2001 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 18 Seniors Living Alone

The proportion of seniors living alone in QKR is higher than Ontario overall As of 2006, more than one quarter (26.9%) of all seniors in QKR lived alone, which is higher than the province as a whole (25.7%). Within QKR, Prince Edward County, the area with the largest proportion of people aged 65 and over, had the lowest proportion of seniors living alone (23.3%). By contrast, Frontenac, the area with the smallest proportion of people aged 65 and over, had the highest proportion of seniors living alone (28.2%). Please refer to Chart 8.

Chart 8 - Seniors Living Alone 2006

29.0 28.2 28.1 28.0 27.1 26.9 27.0 25.9 26.0 25.7

25.0

24.0 23.6 23.3 23.0

22.0

21.0

20.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Ontario Grenville Addington Edward Region County

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 19 Urbanization

QKR’s urbanization rate is much lower than Ontario as a whole In 2006, 52.8% of QKR’s population lived in an urban area, which is far less than Ontario overall (85.1%). Of QKR residents living in an urban area, 38.5% lived in the city of Kingston, which is part of the Frontenac area. The other five areas within QKR are less urbanized. Please refer to Chart 9.

Urban areas in QKR: Several municipalities within QKR are completely urbanized. They are Brockville, Carleton Place, Deseronto, Gananoque, Perth, Prescott and Smiths Falls. Please refer to Chart 10.

Rural areas in QKR: There are also many municipalities within QKR that are completely rural. They are Addington Highlands, Athens, Bancroft, Carlow/Mayo, Central Frontenac, Faraday, Front of Yonge, Frontenac Islands, Hastings Highlands, Lanark Highlands, Leeds and the Thousand Islands, Limerick, Merrickville-Wolford, North Frontenac, Rideau Lakes, South Frontenac, Stone Mills, Tudor and Cashel, Tyendinaga, Westport and Wollaston.

Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory did not participate in the 2006 Census, therefore no information is available for this area.

Chart 9 - Urbanization 2006

Frontenac 71.2 Hastings 57.4

Lanark 46.7

Leeds and Grenville 38.7

Lennox and Addington 34.7 Prince Edward County County 24.2

QKR Re gion 52.8

Ontario 85.1

0 102030405060708090 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 20 Chart 10 - Urbanization by Municipality

Augusta 9.0

Be ck w ith 2.3 Belleville 82.8 Centre Hastings 32.2 Drummond/North Elmsley 0.2 Edwardsburgh/Cardinal 26.7

Elizabethtown-Kitley 9.7 Greater Napanee 45.8 Kingston 87.4 Loyalist 46.6 Madoc 1.0 Marmora and Lake 37.9 Mississippi Mills 39.2

Montague 21.0 North Grenville 24.9 Prince Edw ard 24.2 Quinte West 60.7 Stirling-Rawdon 43.6 Tay Valley 1.9 Tweed 28.4

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 21 Official Language Groups – English and French

In Ontario, 72.8% of the population reported English or French as their mother tongue3 with 68.4% of the population reporting English, 4.1% reporting French and 0.3% reporting both English and French. The remaining 27.2% of Ontario’s population reported neither English nor French as their mother tongue. Please refer to Chart 11.

QKR has a much higher proportion of residents with English as their mother tongue than the province as a whole As of 2006, 90.8% of QKR residents reported English as their mother tongue, which is much larger than the 68.4% for Ontario overall. Please refer to Chart 11.

QKR has a lower proportion of residents with French as their mother tongue than the province as a whole As of 2006, 2.7% of QKR residents reported French as their mother tongue, which is less than Ontario overall (4.1%). Please refer to Chart 11.

QKR has a lower proportion of residents whose mother tongue is neither English nor French As of 2006, 6.2% of QKR residents reported having a mother tongue that was neither English nor French, which is significantly lower than Ontario overall (27.2%). Frontenac had the largest proportion (9.9%) as well as the largest population (13,895) of people whose mother tongue was neither English nor French within the region. Please refer to Chart 11.

3 Mother tongue – first language learned and still understood.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 22 Chart 11 - Mother Tongue Spoken 2006

100.0 94.6 93.3 92.1 92.1 91.8 90.8 90.0 87.0

80.0

70.0 68.4

60.0

50.0 Percentage 40.0

30.0 27.2

20.0

10.0 9.9 6.2 5.4 4.9 5.0 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.5 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.3 1.7 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 English French English and Non-official Fre nch languages

Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Grenville Lennox and Addington Prince Edward QKR Region Ontario

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 23 Francophones

Between 2001 and 2006, the number of Francophones4 in Ontario increased slightly from 548,950 to 553,665. Francophones in QKR accounted for approximately 2.6% of the provincial Francophone community.

QKR’s Francophone community is increasing at a fast rate While Ontario experienced only a modest increase in its Francophone population (0.9%), QKR’s Francophone community increased by 5.5% between 2001 and 2006 (765 people). Areas with the greatest increase in the numbers of Francophone people were in Leeds and Grenville (370 people or 12.5% increase) and Lanark (225 people or 10.7% increase). The Francophone population in Frontenac remained effectively unchanged between this period. Please refer to Chart 12.

The majority of QKR’s Francophones live in Frontenac, Leeds and Grenville and Hastings Of the 14,615 Francophones living in QKR in 2006, one in three (32.8%) lived in Frontenac. Leeds and Grenville was home to 22.9% of the Francophone population and 20.6% of the Francophone community lived in Hastings. Please refer to Chart 12.

Chart 12 - Francophones 2001 and 2006

18,000

16,000 14,615 13,850 14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000 Number 6,000 4,810 4,800 4,000 2,980 3,015 2,970 3,340 2,095 2,320 2,000 770 690 305 370 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Region Grenville Addington Edward

2001 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

4 Includes persons who indicated French (single or multiple responses) as mother tongue. This information comes from the mother tongue census question: What was the language first learned at home in childhood and still understood? For its analysis of the Francophone population as a whole, this report used data from the short census form that was administered to 100% of the Ontario population. Refer to Data Sources and Census Concepts and Definitions sections for more information.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 24 Non-official Language Groups

Most of QKR’s allophone5 population live in Frontenac As of 2006, 45% of QKR’s allophone population lived in Frontenac.

German and Dutch are the most frequently reported languages amongst allophones In 2006, more than one in four QKR allophone residents (27.6%) reported either German or Dutch as their mother tongue. Frontenac was the only area within QKR where German and Dutch did not make up the top two languages. In Frontenac, more allophones reported Portuguese as their mother tongue. Please refer to Charts 13 though 19 and Table 3.

Chart 13 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in QKR

German 13.9

Dutch 13.7 Portuguese 7.5

Chinese, n.o.s. 6.6

Italian 5.1 Spanish 4.8

Polish 4.7

Greek 3.7 Other languages 3.7 Ukrainian 2.3

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

5 Includes people whose mother tongue is neither English nor French.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 25 Chart 14 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Frontenac

Portuguese 13.9 German 10.0 Chinese, n.o.s. 8.9 Dutch 7.1 Spanish 5.6 Italian 5.3

Polish 4.3 Arabic 3.8 Greek 3.0 Other languages 2.7

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Chart 15 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Hastings

Dutch 15.8 German 14.5 Spanish 6.6 Chinese, n.o.s. 6.6 Other languages 5.7 Italian 4.9 Greek 4.5 Polish 4.3 Vietnamese 3.5 Korean 3.1

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 26 Chart 16 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Lanark

German 21.3 Dutch 10.8

Italian 8.3 Polish 6.7 Greek 5.8 Chinese, n.o.s. 4.3 Hungarian 3.6

Czech 3.4 Other languages 3.1

Danish 3.1

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Chart 17 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Leeds and Grenville

Dutch 25.5 German 15.6 Polish 6.7 Other languages 4.4 Chinese, n.o.s. 4.4

Italian 3.8 Vietnamese 3.7 Greek 3.5 Latvian 2.5 Cantonese 2.4

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 27 Chart 18 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Lennox and Addington

German 26.5 Dutch 19.6 Portuguese 8.1 Italian 5.8 Greek 5.0 Hungarian 3.8 Danish 3.5 Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 2.3

Korean 2.3 Chinese, n.o.s. 1.9

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Chart 19 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages in Prince Edward County

Dutch 30.1

German 19.9 Spanish 4.7

Other languages 4.2 Korean 4.2

Polish 3.8

Greek 3.4 Vietnamese 2.1

Macedonian 2.1 Italian 2.1

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Percentage (Single Response)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 28 Table 3 - Top Ten Non-official Mother Tongue Languages

Lennox Prince Mother Tongue QKR Leeds and Rank Frontenac Hastings Lanark and Edward Language Region Grenville Addington County 1 German 4,065 1,330 970 475 710 345 235 2 Dutch 4,010 935 1,060 240 1,165 255 355 3 Portuguese 2,185 1,835 125 20 90 105 10 4 Chinese, n.o.s. 1,935 1,175 440 95 200 25 0 5 Italian 1,495 705 330 185 175 75 25 6 Spanish 1,395 745 445 55 80 15 55 7 Polish 1,365 565 290 150 305 10 45 8 Greek 1,095 400 300 130 160 65 40 9 Other languages 1,075 355 380 70 200 20 50 10 Ukrainian 675 305 170 65 100 25 10 Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 29 First Nations and Other Aboriginal Populations

Aboriginal people including First Nations people (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit accounted for 2.0% of the total population of Ontario in 2006, compared to almost 1.7% in 2001. The total number of Aboriginal People increased by 54,175 to 242,490 during this period.

In Ontario, 70% of the Aboriginal population lived off reserve, and in 2006 approximately three out of every four (76%) off-reserve First Nations person lived in an urban area. However, First Nations people did not make up a large share of the population in these urban centres.

QKR’s Aboriginal population is increasing at an extremely fast rate but still makes up a small proportion of the total population Between 2001 and 2006, QKR’s Aboriginal population grew by 4,450 individuals, which represents an increase of almost 50%. Despite this large growth rate, QKR’s Aboriginal population makes up just 2.7% of the region’s total population.

Hastings has the highest Aboriginal population in the area As of 2006, more than one third (36.1%) of Aboriginal people residing in QKR lived in Hastings and one quarter (25.1%) lived in Frontenac. Please refer to Chart 20.

Chart 20 - Aboriginal Population 2001 and 2006

16,000 14,000 13,405 12,000 10,000 8,955 8,000

Number 6,000 4,840 3,360 4,000 3,445 2,395 1,575 1,755 1,265 2,000 925 1,150 670 370 610 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and 39,270 Prince QKR Region Grenville Edward

2001 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

QKR has a higher proportion of Métis people than Ontario overall As of 2006, QKR had a higher proportion of Métis (36%) residents than Ontario as a whole. This is off-set by a lower proportion of First Nations residents in QKR. Please refer to Chart 21.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 30 Chart 21 - Aboriginal Groups in QKR

Multiple Aboriginal Aboriginal identity responses not responses included elsewhere 2% 5% Inuit 2% North American Indian Métis 55% 36%

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 31 Visible Minority

The South Asian community became Canada's largest visible minority group in 2006, surpassing Canada’s Chinese community for the first time. The populations of both were well over 1 million.

The Chinese community is the largest visible minority group in QKR As of 2006, the Chinese community was the largest visible minority group in QKR. The South Asian community was the second largest visible minority group. Please refer to Chart 22.

QKR has a lower proportion of visible minorities than the province as a whole While QKR accounts for 4.1% of Ontario’s total population, it accounts for only 0.6% of the province’s visible minorities (15,665 people).

More than half of QKR’s visible minority population live in Frontenac As of 2006, 54.5% of QKR’s visible minority population lived in Frontenac. The majority of these residents lived in the City of Kingston. Please refer to Table 4.

Chart 22 - Visible Minority Population in QKR

Chinese 25.0 South Asian 20.3

Black 15.4 Latin American 8.5 Filipino 6.2 Southeast Asian 5.7 Korean 4.5

Multiple visible minority 3.3 Japanese 3.3

Arab 3.2 West Asian 2.5

Visible minority, n.i.e. 2.2

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 32 Table 4 - Visible Minority Population

Lennox Prince QKR Leeds and Rank Visible Minority Frontenac Hastings Lanark and Edward Region Grenville Addington County 1 Chinese 3,920 2,440 795 225 375 65 20 2 South Asian 3,185 1,865 665 135 325 135 60 3 Black 2,405 1,120 775 150 180 120 60 4 Latin American 1,330 735 335 110 90 15 45 5 Filipino 975 455 230 55 175 50 10 6 Southeast Asian 890 330 255 60 205 10 30 7 Korean 700 310 215 35 45 30 65 Multiple visible 8 515 215 155 35 95 15 0 minority 9 Japanese 510 255 110 45 55 30 15 10 Arab 495 365 45 35 30 0 20 11 West Asian 395 280 60 10 45 0 0 Visible minority, 350 170 115 15 50 0 0 12 n.i.e. Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 33 Immigrant Population

The proportion of foreign-born people in QKR is much lower than the province overall As of 2006, less than one in ten QKR residents (9.2%) reported being foreign-born. This is much lower than the province overall, in which more than one in four Ontario residents (28.3%) reported being foreign-born.

Frontenac has the highest proportion of foreign-born residents within QKR As of 2006, 12.8% of residents in Frontenac were foreign-born, which is higher than any other area in QKR. Lennox and Addington had the lowest proportion of residents who were foreign-born (6.4%). Please refer to Chart 23.

Chart 23 - Distribution of Canadian-born and Foreign-born Population

12.8 8.0 7.1 8.0 6.4 9.5 9.2 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 91.7 92.8 91.9 93.6 86.5 90.3 90.5 40.0 Percentage 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Region Grenville Addington Edward

Canadian-born Foreign-born

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

The proportion of newcomers to QKR is lower than Ontario overall Seventeen per cent of Ontario’s foreign-born population came to the province between 2001 and 2006, which is higher than the proportion of newcomers to QKR (8.3%). Furthermore, while newcomers represent 4.8% of Ontario’s total population, they represent just 0.8% of QKR’s total population.

The largest number of newcomers to QKR settle in Frontenac Between 2001 and 2006, 2,100 newcomers settled in Frontenac, which is more than half of all newcomers to QKR. Prince Edward County had the fewest number of newcomers. Please refer to Table 5.

Most QKR immigrants came to Canada prior to 1971 Excluding the most recent period shown in the chart, the ten-year period from 1991 to 2000 accounted for the highest proportion of all immigrants to Ontario. This is not the case in QKR as immigrants arriving between 1991 and 2000 account for only 12% of

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 34 QKR’s immigrants. More than half of QKR’s immigrant population came to Canada prior to 1971. Please refer to Chart 24.

Chart 24 - Period of Immigration

50.0 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 Percentage 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Before 1961 1961 to 1970 1971 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2006 (5 years only)

Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Grenville Lennox and Addington Prince Edw ard QKR Re gion Ontario

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Most newcomers to QKR come from Asia and the Middle East Between 2001 and 2006, more than two in five (43%) of all newcomers to QKR came from Asia and the Middle East. This is less than Ontario overall where two out of three newcomers were born in Asia and the Middle East. European-born people made up the second largest group of newcomers to QKR and Ontario overall. Please refer to Chart 25 and Table 5.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 35 Chart 25 - Newcomers to QKR by Place of Birth

Asia and the Middle East 43.0

Europe 25.0

United States of America 15.1

Africa 7.0 South America 3.3

Caribbean and Bermuda 2.9

Central America 1.9

Oceania and other 1.6

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Table 5 - Rank of Newcomers by Major Place of Birth

Leeds Lennox Prince Place of QKR Rank Frontenac Hastings Lanark and and Edward Birth Region Grenville Addington County

Asia and the 1,625 1,045 375 35 130 30 10 1 Middle East 2 Europe 945 465 155 115 150 30 30 United States 570 210 110 65 145 25 15 3 of America 4 Africa 265 205 15 25 10 100 South 125 95 200 10 00 5 America Caribbean 110 40 500 0 200 6 and Bermuda Central 70 15 35 10 10 00 7 America Oceania and 60 30 10 10 0 0 10 8 other Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 36 Labour Force

Employment has increased in QKR, but at a slower rate than Ontario overall Between 2001 and 2006, the total number of employed residents increased in QKR by 6.5%. While this is lower than the 7.9% increase experienced by Ontario, it is slightly more than double QKR’s population growth rate during this period (3.2%).

Hastings saw the largest employment increases within QKR Between 2001 and 2006, Hastings saw the largest proportional increase in the number of employed persons in QKR (8.8%). This was the only area in QKR to experience faster growth than the province overall. Lanark had the lowest employment increase within QKR at 5.1%. Please refer to Chart 26.

Chart 26 - Employed Population 15 Years and Over 2001 and 2006

300,000

250,000 243,485 228,720

200,000

150,000 Number 100,000 70,150 61,980 66,425 56,975 48,580 50,000 45,795 31,590 30,070 19,375 18,345 11,810 11,110 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Region Grenville Addington Edward

2001 2006

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2001 and 2006

QKR’s proportion of workers in Ontario is slightly lower than its proportion of total population As of 2006, QKR accounted for 3.9% of Ontario’s total employed labour force, which is slightly lower than QKR’s proportion of Ontario’s total population (4.1%). Please refer to Chart 27.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 37 Chart 27 - Employed Population 15 Years and Over

3.9%

96.1%

QKR Re gion Rest of Ontario Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

QKR’s unemployment rate is lower than Ontario overall As of May 2006, QKR had an unemployment rate (6.1%), which is lower than Ontario as a whole (6.4%). Within QKR, Frontenac is the only area that had an unemployment rate higher than the provincial average (6.7%). Lennox and Addington had the lowest unemployment rate in the area (5.1%). Please refer to Chart 28 and Chart 29.

Chart 28 - Rate of Unemployment for Males and Females

8.0 6.9 6.8

7.0 6.7 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.9

6.0 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0

4.0

3.0 Unemployment Rate Unemployment 2.0

1.0

0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Ontario Grenville Addington Edward Region

Male and Female Male Fe m ale

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 38 Chart 29 - Rate of Unemployment by Major Age Groups

20.0

18 . 0 17.5 16.3 15.4 16 . 0 15.3 15.2 15.3 14.5 14 . 0 12.4 12 . 0 10 . 0 8.0 6.7 6.4 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.7 5.1

6.0 4.9 4.8 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 2.0 0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and P rince QKR Ontario Grenville Addington Edward Region

Total population 15 years and over 15 to 24 years 25 years and over

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Retail trade and Health care and social assistance are the top two sectors in QKR In 2006, more people in Ontario were employed in Manufacturing than any other industry. In QKR, the top industry was Retail trade. Employment in Retail trade and Health care and social assistance, the second ranked industry, accounted for one quarter (25.3%) of the total employment in QKR. Please refer to Table 6 and Chart 30.

Table 6 - Top Five Industries by Employed Population

Lennox Prince QKR Leeds and Rank Industry Frontenac Hastings Lanark and Edward Region Grenville Addington County 1 Retail trade 33,350 8,910 10,145 4,460 5,970 2,515 1,350 Health care and 2 31,540 10,475 6,410 4,150 6,355 2,640 1,510 social assistance 3 Manufacturing 27,255 3,930 9,220 3,740 6,835 2,130 1,400 Public 4 23,000 8,850 5,330 2,685 3,575 1,945 615 administration Educational 5 20,185 9,550 3,620 1,815 2,940 1,360 900 services Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 39 Chart 30 - Top Five Industries by Employed Population in QKR

Retail trade 13.0 Health care and social assistance 12.3 Manufacturing 10.7

Public administration 9.0 Educational services 7.9

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Clerical occupations are the most frequently reported jobs in QKR In 2006, clerical occupations were the most frequently reported occupations in QKR. In fact, in all areas within QKR, Clerical occupations and Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. were the two most frequently reported occupations. Please refer to Table 7 and Chart 31.

Table 7 - Top Five Occupations

Lennox Prince QKR Leeds and Rank Occupation Frontenac Hastings Lanark and Edward Region Grenville Addington County Clerical 1 23,120 7,340 6,455 2,685 4,170 1,675 795 occupations Sales and service 2 22,905 6,515 5,935 2,925 4,385 2,015 1,130 occupations, n.e.c. Retail 3 salespersons 11,715 3,450 3,235 1,585 2,045 840 560 and sales clerks Teachers and 4 11,685 5,695 2,150 1,000 1,615 660 565 professors Transportation equipment operators and 5 9,590 2,080 2,840 1,145 2,150 910 465 related workers, excluding labourers Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 40 Chart 31 - Top Five Occupations in QKR

Clerical occupations 9.0

Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. 9.0

Retail salespersons and sales clerks 4.6

Teachers and professors 4.6

Transportation equipment operators and related 3.7 workers, excluding labourers

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 41 Full Time and Part Time Work Activity

QKR has a slightly lower proportion of full-time workers than Ontario overall In 2006, 51.6% of QKR’s workforce aged 15 years and over with employment income was employed full year, full time.6 This is slightly lower than Ontario overall where 52.8% worked full-time.

Lanark has the highest proportion of full-time workers in QKR In Lanark, 53.6% of the population aged 15 years and over with employment income worked full time, which is slightly higher than all other areas in the QKR region. Please refer to Chart 32.

Chart 32 - Type of Work Activity - Full Time and Part Time Work

180,000 160,000 145,075 140,000

120,000 115,220 100,000 80,000

Number 60,000 40,670 36,885 35,185 29,595

40,000 28,950 21,970 19,245 14,345 11,810

20,000 8,795 6,870 5,975 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Region Grenville Addington Edward

Worked full year, full time Worked part year or part time

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

The proportion of men working full time is higher than the proportion of women As of 2006, there was a higher proportion of men aged 15 years and over with employment income who worked full time (56.9%) than women (43.1%) in QKR. This is consistent with the province as a whole. Please refer to Chart 33.

The proportion of males working full time in QKR is lower than Ontario overall; for females it is higher than Ontario overall As of 2006, the proportion of males working full time in QKR (56.9%) was lower than Ontario overall (57.4%). By contrast, the proportion of females working full time in QKR (43.1%) was higher than the provincial average (42.6%). Please refer to Chart 33 and Table 8.

6 Total population 15 years and over with employment income includes persons who did not work in 2005 but reported employment income.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 42 Chart 33 - Full Time Work Activity by Sex

65.0 59.0 58.8 60.0 57.8 57.4 56.9 57.4 54.9 56.3 55.0 50.0 45.0 43.7 42.6 43.1 42.6 45.0 42.2 41.0 41.1

Percentage 40.0 35.0 30.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Ontario Grenville Addington Edward Region

Male Female

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Table 8 - Population 15 Years and Over With Employment Income, by Work Activity

Leeds Prince Type of Work QKR Lennox and Ontario Frontenac Hastings Lanark and Edward Activity Region Addington Grenville County Male and Female Worked full year, full time 3,690,670 145,075 40,670 36,885 19,245 29,595 11,810 6,870 Worked part year or part 2,839,180 115,220 35,185 28,950 14,345 21,970 8,795 5,975 time Male Worked full year, full time 2,116,730 82,520 22,345 21,325 10,840 17,000 6,970 4,040 Worked part year or part 1,274,490 51,075 15,615 12,675 6,580 9,820 3,805 2,580 time Female Worked full year, full time 1,573,940 62,540 18,320 15,555 8,405 12,595 4,840 2,825 Worked part year or part 1,564,685 64,150 19,565 16,275 7,765 12,150 4,995 3,400 time Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 43 Education

The proportion of QKR residents who have completed high school or other educational programs is slightly lower than in Ontario overall As of 2006, 85.4% of QKR residents between the ages of 25 and 64 years of age had completed high school or some other form of education program7. This is slightly lower than Ontario overall, where 86.4% of people had completed some form of educational certification. Please refer to Chart 34.

Chart 34 - Percent of Population 25-64 Years in QKR by Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree Attained

University certificate, diploma No certificate, or degree diploma or degree 20% 15% High school College, CEGEP or certificate or other non- equivalent university Apprenticeship 28% certificate or or trades certificate diploma or diploma 27% 10%

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

The proportion of QKR residents who have obtained a university certificate, diploma or degree is lower than Ontario overall In QKR, one in five people (20%) aged 25 to 64 have obtained a university certificate, diploma or degree, which is lower than the province as a whole (30.7%). Please refer to Chart 34.

Frontenac is the highest educated area within QKR Within QKR, Frontenac has the highest proportion of university graduates (30.2%) as well as residents with postsecondary qualifications (64.0%). Please refer to Chart 35.

7 This includes high school certificate or equivalent, apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, and university certificate, diploma or degree.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 44 Chart 35 - Population 25-64 Years by Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree

35.0 30.7 30.5 30.2 30.2 29.6

30.0 29.2 28.4 28.1 27.8 27.5 27.1 27.0 26.9 25.9 25.0 25.1 25.0 24.7 22.0 20.5 20.2

20.0 19.2 18.4 16.7 15.3 15.0 14.8 14.6 14.3

15 . 0 13.9 13.6 13.6 12.5 11.5 11.3 10.5 10.3 10.3 10 . 0 10.0 8.8 8.7

5.0

0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox Prince QKR Ontario Grenville and Edward Region Addington No certificate, diploma or degree High school certificate or equivalent Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma University certificate, diploma or degree

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

The proportion of QKR residents with postsecondary qualifications who studied outside of Canada is much lower than Ontario overall As of 2006, 6.6% of QKR residents had completed their postsecondary qualifications outside of Canada, which is much lower than the overall provincial average of 21.3%. Of the areas within QKR, Frontenac had the highest proportion of people who had obtained their postsecondary qualifications outside of Canada, while Lanark had the highest proportion of people who had completed their postsecondary qualifications within Canada. Please refer to Chart 36.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 45 Chart 36 - Population 25-64 Years With Postsecondary Qualifications by Location of Study

5.2 4.6 5.7 4.9 7.0 6.6 100.0 9.2 90.0 21.3 80.0

70.0 60.0 50.0 90.8 94.8 95.4 94.3 95.1 93.0 93.4 40.0 78.7 Percentage 30.0

20.0 10.0 0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince QKR Ontario Grenville Addington Edward Region

Outside Canada Inside Canada Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

There are more women than men in QKR with postsecondary qualifications As of 2006, the proportion of women aged 25 to 64 with postsecondary qualifications (53%) was higher than the proportion of men (47%). This follows the provincial trend where women accounted for 51.2% of people who had obtained postsecondary qualifications.

Architecture, engineering and related technologies is the most prevalent field of study for QKR graduates The top three ranked major fields of study reported by over half of the adults with postsecondary qualifications in QKR were: Architecture, engineering and related technologies; Business, management and public administration; and Health, parks, recreation and fitness. For males the top ranked field of study was Architecture, engineering and related technologies. For females the top field of study was Health, parks, recreation and fitness. Please refer to Chart 37 and Table 9.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 46 Chart 37 - Major Fields of Study in QKR

Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 21.4 Business, management and public administration 18.6 Health, parks, recreation and fitness 18.1 Social and behavioural sciences and law 10.8 Education 7.5 Personal, protective and transportation services 7.3 Humanities 4.5 M athematics, computer and information sciences 3.8 Physical and life sciences and technologies 3.2 Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 2.5 Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 2.3 Other fields of study 0.0

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Percentage

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 47 Table 9 - Ranking of Major Field of Study by Sex in QKR

Male Female Rank Major Field of Study Count Major Field of Study Count Architecture, engineering, and Health, parks, recreation and 1 30,745 23,325 related technologies fitness Business, management and Business, management and 2 9,155 19,485 public administration public administration Personal, protective and Social and behavioural 3 5,970 11,295 transportation services sciences and law Social and behavioural 4 5,405 Education 8,270 sciences and law Health, parks, recreation and Personal, protective and 5 4,575 5,260 fitness transportation services 6 Education 3,290 Humanities 4,025 Mathematics, computer and Mathematics, computer and 7 3,165 2,640 information sciences information sciences Architecture, engineering, and 8 Humanities 2,910 2,290 related technologies Visual and performing arts, Physical and life sciences and 9 2,710 and communications 2,205 technologies technologies Agriculture, natural resources Physical and life sciences and 10 2,425 2,185 and conservation technologies Visual and performing arts, Agriculture, natural resources 11 and communications 1,720 1,100 and conservation technologies 12 Other fields of study 10 Other fields of study 10 Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 48 Income

Individuals - Average and Median Income

The average income in QKR is lower than the provincial average As of 2005, the average income in all areas of QKR was lower than the Ontario provincial average of $38,099. Frontenac had the highest average income in QKR at $35,789, while Hastings had the lowest at $30,243. Please refer to Chart 38.

Chart 38 - Average Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Sex in 2005

29,215 Frontenac 43,041 35,789 24,598 Hastings 36,144 30,243 28,024 Lanark 41,424 34,581 27,084 Leeds and Grenville 39,746 33,246 25,658 Lennox and Addington 40,872 33,155 25,766 Prince Edward County 42,288 33,837 29,712 Ontario 46,962 38,099 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 ($)

Male and Female Male Fe m ale

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

All areas within QKR have a median income that is lower than Ontario overall Median income represents the middle point, so that one half of individuals have incomes above this level and the other half have incomes below. In 2005, the median income of the population 15 years and over in Ontario was $27,258. This is higher than all areas in QKR. Frontenac had the highest median income in QKR at $27,012, while Hastings had the lowest at $23,916. Please refer to Chart 39.

Beckwith had the highest median income in QKR ($34,006), while Limerick had the lowest ($15,431). Please refer to Chart 40.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 49 Chart 39 - Median Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Sex in 2005

40,000 34,454 34,193 33,659 33,659

35,000 33,028 31,741 31,131 30,000 27,258 27,012 26,978 26,720 25,504 24,840 25,000 23,916 22,215 22,091 21,669 21,235 19,928 19,340 ($) 20,000 19,061 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince Ontario Grenville Addington Edward County

Male and Female Male Fe m ale

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 50 Chart 40 - Median Before-tax Income ($) of Individuals by Municipality 2005

Addington Highlands 16,138

Athens 27,973

Augusta 28,582

Bancroft 20,612

Beckwith 34,006

Belleville 24,751

Brockville 24,408

Carleton Place 27,248

Carlow/Mayo 16,718

Central Frontenac 19,534

Centre Hastings 24,479

Deseronto 18,205

Drummond/North Elmsley 28,471

Edwardsburgh/Cardinal 26,793

Elizabethtown-Kitley 28,361

Faraday 19,633

Front of Yonge 24,821

Frontenac Islands 30,240

Gananoque 24,620

Greater Napanee 23,116

Hastings Highlands 18,982

Kingston 26,890

Lanark Highlands 23,544

Leeds and the Thousand Islands 27,162

Limerick 15,431

Loyalist 29,979

Madoc 22,370

M armora and Lake 20,357

10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 ($)

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 51 M errickville-Wolford . 28,561

M ississippi M ills 29,585

M ontague 27,304

North Frontenac 19,747

North Grenville 31,799

Perth 23,787

Prescott 21,635

Prince Edward 24,840

Quinte West 25,767

Rideau Lakes 26,493

Smiths Falls 22,082

South Frontenac 31,068

Stirling-Rawdon 22,659

Stone M ills 27,141

Tay Valley 28,454

Tudor and Cashel 18,452

Tweed 22,514

Tyendinaga 25,441

Westport 23,231

Wollaston 18,649

10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 ($)

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 52 Households - Average and Median Income

All areas within QKR have a lower average household income than Ontario overall In 2005, all areas within QKR had average household incomes that were lower than the Ontario average ($77,967). Frontenac reported the highest average household income in QKR at $67,762, while Hastings reported the lowest at $58,285. Please refer to Chart 41.

All areas within QKR have a lower median household income than the province as a whole In Ontario, half of private households had an income greater than $60,455. All areas within QKR reported median household incomes below this provincial level. Lanark reported the highest median household income in QKR at $56,892, while Hastings reported the lowest at $49,811. Please refer to Chart 41.

Chart 41 - Average and Median Before-tax Income ($) for Private Households in 2005

90,000 77,967 80,000 67,762 67,711 65,842 67,064 70,000 64,596 58,285 56,892 60,455 54,275 54,556 54,066 53,287 60,000 49,811 50,000 ($) 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince Ontario Grenville Addington Edward County

Average household income $ Median household income $

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Beckwith has the highest average and median household incomes in QKR Please refer to Chart 42.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 53 Chart 42 - Average and Median Before-tax Income for Private Households by Municipality in 2005

33,391 Addington Highlands 41,101 55,067 Athens 65,872 61,632 Augusta 71,906 38,480 Bancroft 49,764 77,515 Beckw ith 83,700 Belleville 48,567 59,385 Brockville 46,071 55,634 Carleton Place 55,077 67,579 Carlow /Mayo 43,460 55,914 45,826 Central Frontenac 52,755 49,428 Centre Hastings 56,923 36,619 Deseronto 45,212 60,371 Dr ummond/Nor th Elms ley 73,570 56,192 Edw ardsburgh/Cardinal 62,212 63,618 Elizabethtow n-Kitley 74,736 Faraday 44,365 50,998 Front of Yonge 58,345 67,246 Frontenac Islands 66,965 73,582 Gananoque 45,644 54,035 50,281 Greater Napanee 59,509 43,151 Hastings Highlands 49,957 53,072 Kingston 67,622 52,974 Lanark Highlands 61,378 61,605 Leeds and the Thousand Islands 71,522 Limerick 27,333 36,820 Loyalist 62,099 75,243 Madoc 51,826 57,669 Marmora and Lake 39,743 48,169

20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 ($)

Average household income $ Median household income $

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 54 .Merrickville-Wolford 54,036 68,721 Mississippi Mills 67,114 82,153 56,752 Montague 69,143 37,035 North Frontenac 45,924 69,187 North Grenv ille 75,599 Per th 42,168 51,389 Prescott 40,100 47,478 53,287 Pr inc e Edw ar d 67,064 55,564 Quinte West 61,582 55,722 Rideau Lakes 66,441 Smiths Falls 42,446 49,968 South Frontenac 70,297 74,988 56,357 Stirling-Raw don 56,321 59,615 Stone Mills 70,252 66,082 Tay Valley 73,243 Tudor and Cashel 48,925 50,019 Tw eed 46,519 53,554 63,254 Tyendinaga 65,227 46,792 Westport 53,230 32,010 Wollaston 44,460

20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 ($)

Average household income $ Median household income $

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 55 Low Income

The proportion of low-income families in QKR is below Ontario as a whole In 2005, 11.7% of Economic families in Ontario were considered as low income, as measured using Statistics Canada’s Low Income Cut-Offs. The proportion of low- income families was below this provincial average in all areas within QKR. Please refer to Chart 43 and Table 10.

Chart 43 - Prevalence of Low Income Before-tax and After-tax in Economic Families in 2005

11.7 12.0 9.5 9.9 10.0 8.6 7.7 8.0 7.1 7.0 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.0 5.2 4.5 4.7 4.4

Percentage 4.0

2.0

0.0 Frontenac Hastings Lanark Leeds and Lennox and Prince Ontario Grenville Addington Edward County

Prevalence of low income before tax Prevalence of low income after tax

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

Table 10 - Low Income Economic Families 2005 Leeds Lennox Prince Economic Family Frontenac Hastings Lanark and and Edward Ontario Grenville Addington County Total economic families 40,235 38,275 18,875 29,840 12,205 7,870 3,335,250 Prevalence of low 9.5 9.9 7.1 7.0 7.7 6.7 11.7 income before tax (%) Prevalence of low 6.3 6.6 4.5 4.7 5.2 4.4 8.6 income after tax (%) Source: Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2006

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 56 After-tax Income - First-time Data From the Census

For the first time the census collected information on the after-tax income of Canadians. After-tax income is the total income from all sources minus income tax, which better reflects what families have available to spend. After-tax income is also more equally distributed than before-tax income since those with higher incomes pay taxes at a higher rate.

The median after-tax income of families in Ontario in 2005 was $62,288, compared with the pre-tax median income of $72,734.

Also for the first time, the census can calculate low-income rates based on after-tax income. In Canada, census data showed that 11.4% of the total population, an estimated 3,484,625 people, lived on a low income in 2005. In Ontario 8.6% of families lived on low income in 2005. This is lower than the prevalence of low income before-tax families (11.7%).

In Canada, an estimated 879,955 young people aged 17 years and under were living in low-income families in 2005. Low-income rates are highest among children and young people. In 2005, 14.5% of all children aged 5 and under were estimated to be part of a low-income family. The rate dropped to 13.0% for children aged 6 to 14, and to 11.4% for teens aged 15 to 17.

Statistics Canada does not have after-tax income data at the community level at this time.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 57 Data Sources

Statistics Canada, Census of population, 1996, 2001 and 2006.

Two different forms were used in the 2006 Census. The short 2A form was distributed to 100% of the population and included a question on mother tongue. The longer 2B form was distributed to 20% of the population and contained more comprehensive questions, including questions for those 15 years and over regarding education, income, occupation, etc. This report uses the 20% data for everything except for total population and Francophone population, where the 100% data set is available and appropriate.

Statistical data from the 2006 Census that are published in the media are usually based on data obtained from Form 2B.

Data from the short form (Form or Profile 2A) may not match data from the long form (Form of Profile 2B).

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 58 Census Concepts and Definitions

Additional concepts and more detailed definitions may be found in the Census Dictionary at www.statcan.ca

Aboriginal ancestry Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. ‘Ethnic origin’ refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent’s ancestors.

Aboriginal identity Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.

Allophone population Refers to persons whose mother tongue is neither English nor French.

Band/First Nation A Band/First Nation is a group of people for whom lands have been set apart and money is held by the Crown.

Band Member A Band member is an individual who is recognized as being a member of a Band as defined either by the Band itself or the Indian Act.

Census division (CD) Census division (CD) is the general term for provincially legislated areas (such as county and regional district) or their equivalents. Census divisions are intermediate geographic areas between the province/territory level and the municipality (census subdivision).

Census metropolitan area (CMA) and census agglomeration (CA) Areas consisting of one or more neighbouring municipalities situated around a major urban core. A census metropolitan area must have a total population of at least 100,000 of which 50,000 or more live in the urban core. A census agglomeration must have an urban core population of at least 10,000. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the central urban area, as measured by commuting flows derived from census place of work data.

Earnings or employment income Refers to the income received by persons 15 years of age and over during the 2005 calendar year as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Economic family Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. For 2006, foster children are included. The economic family and its associated classifications and variables are derived according to the responses to the questions on sex, date of birth, marital status, common-law status, and relationship to Person 1.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 59 Ethnic origin Refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent’s ancestors.

First Nations Population First Nations Peoples are one of the three Aboriginal groups recognized in the Canadian Constitution and is a term used to describe the group of all Aboriginal peoples who are not Inuit or Métis.

Francophone Population In this report, “Francophone” includes everyone who indicated French (single or multiple responses) as a mother tongue. This information comes from the mother tongue census question: What was the language first learned at home in childhood and still understood? In this document, Francophones include people with French as their mother tongue or as one of their mother tongues (French single and multiple responses). For its analysis of the Francophone population as a whole, this report used data from the short census form 2A that was administered to 100% of the Ontario population.

Immigrant population Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada.

Income: After-tax income Refers to total income minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for calendar year 2005. Total income refers to income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other income. Federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income, after taking into account exemptions, deductions, non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others.

Income: Average Income Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group

Income: Average Income of Households Average household income refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2000. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (e.g. two-person households) by the number of households in that respective group, whether or not they reported income.

Income: Incidence of Low Income The incidence of low income is the proportion or percentage of economic families or unattached individuals who spend 20% more than average on food, shelter and clothing in a given classification below the low income cut-offs. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 60 Income: Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs) Income levels at which families or unattached individuals spend 20% more than average on food, shelter and clothing. Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their total income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income (20 percentage points more than the average) on these basic necessities would be in straitened circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families.

Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their total income on basic necessities. Since 1992, data from the expenditure survey have indicated that this proportion has remained fairly stable. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since 1992, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. Below is the 2005 matrix of low income cut-offs:

Low income before tax cut-offs (1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2005

Size of Area of Residence Rural (farm Small urban 30,000 to 100,000 to 500,000 or Family size and non-farm) regions 99,999 499,999 more 1 14,303 16,273 17,784 17,895 20,778 2 17,807 20,257 22,139 22,276 25,867 3 21,891 24,904 27,217 27,386 31,801 4 26,579 30,238 33,046 33,251 38,610 5 30,145 34,295 37,480 37,711 43,791 6 33,999 38,679 42,271 42,533 49,389 7+ 37,853 43,063 47,063 47,354 54,987 Source: Statistics Canada. Income Research Paper Series, Low Income Cut-offs for 2006 and Low Income Measures for 2005. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 75F0002MIE, no. 004.

Income: Collection methodology in 2006 For the first time in 2006, the census offered respondents the option to have Statistics Canada access their tax records rather than complete the census income questions. 82.4% of all respondents completing the census long form chose the tax option. There are some differences between tax data and self-reported income data – the former are generally more precise and small amounts are better reported. Additionally, the use of tax data means that the census can produce estimates of after-tax income.

Income: Median Income The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 61 is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Income: Median Income of Households Dollar amount that marks the midpoint of a distribution of households ranked by the size of household. The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income.

Income: Status after tax Refers to the position of an economic family or persons not in economic families 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income after-tax cut-offs.

Income: Status before tax Refers to the position of an economic family or a person 15 years of age and over not in an economic family in relation to Statistics Canada's low income before-tax cut-offs.

Mother tongue Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census. Two different forms were used in the 2006 Census. The short 2A form was distributed to 100% of the population and included a question on mother tongue. The longer 2B form was distributed to 20% of the population and contained more comprehensive questions, including the question on mother tongue. This report uses the 100% data to report on Francophone mother tongue and the 20% sample to report on other mother tongue info for the following reasons:

 the 100% data for those indicating a mother tongue of French, may provide greater accuracy for communities with small Francophone populations  Details on specific non-official mother tongues are only captured on the long 2B form and is consistent and comparable with other 2B data

In some cases “n.i.e.” is used to indicate not included elsewhere and “n.o.s.” to indicate not otherwise specified. For example, anyone responding 'Chinese', with no other precision, along with other dialects, was classified as “Chinese, n.o.s.”

Multiple Response Mother Tongue Includes respondents who reported more than one mother tongue e.g., by checking two or more mark-in circles, such as 'French' and 'German’.

Multiple Response Visible Minority Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group e.g., by checking two or more mark-in circles, such as 'Black' and 'South Asian’.

North American Indian North American Indian (also called First Nations Peoples) is one of the three Aboriginal groups recognized in the Canadian Constitution and is a term used to describe the group of all Aboriginal peoples who are not Inuit or Métis.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 62 Reserve A reserve is a tract of federally owned land with specific boundaries that is set apart for the use and benefit of an Indian Band that is governed by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC).

Rural area Rural areas include all territory lying outside urban areas. Taken together, urban and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Rural population includes people living in the rural fringes of census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and census agglomerations (CAs), as well as people living in rural areas outside CMAs and CAs.

South Asian Refers to people who identify themselves as East Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, etc.

Southeast Asian Refers to people who identify themselves as Vietnamese, Cambodian, Malaysian, Laotian, etc.

Unemployment rate Refers to the unemployed expressed as a percentage of the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration.

Urban area An urban area has a minimum population concentration of 1,000 persons and a population density of at least 400 persons per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All territory outside urban areas is classified as rural. Taken together, urban and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Visible minority population Refers to the visible minority group to which the respondent belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as “persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour”.

West Asian Refers to people who identify themselves as Iranian, Afghan, etc.

Work activity Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in the reference year at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (1 to 29 hours per week). Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 63 another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. The term 'Full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over who worked 49 to 52 weeks (mostly full time) in the reference year for pay or in self-employment.

OTF – QKR Regional Profile 2008 64