Pune District, Maharashtra
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कᴂद्रीय भूमि जल बो셍ड जल संसाधन, नदी विकास और गंगा संरक्षण विभाग, जल शक्ति मंत्रालय भारत सरकार Central Ground Water Board Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti Government of India AQUIFER MAPPING AND MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER RESOURCES AMBEGAON, BARAMATI, INDAPUR, JANNAR AND PURANDAR BLOCKS, PUNE DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA मध्य क्षेत्र, नागपुर Central Region, Nagpur Aquifer Maps and Ground Water Management Plan, Ambegaon, Baramati, Indapur, Jannar and Purandar Blocks, Pune District, Maharashtra-2018 AQUIFER MAPS AND GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMBEGAON, BARAMATI, INDAPUR, JANNAR AND PURANDAR BLOCKS, PUNE DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA CONTRIBUTORS Principal Authors Anu Radha Bhatia : Senior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-D J. R. Verma : Scientist-D Supervision & Guidance P. K. Parchure : Regional Director Dr. P. K. Jain : Superintending Hydrogeologist Sourabh Gupta : Senior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-D Hydrogeology, GIS maps and Management Plan J. R. Verma : Scientist-D Anu Radha Bhatia : Senior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-D Junaid Ahmad : Junior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-B U.V. Dhonde : Assistant Hydrogeologist Groundwater Exploration Junaid Ahmad : Junior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-B Catherine Louis : Junior Hydrogeologist/ Scientist-B U.V. Dhonde : Assistant Hydrogeologist Chemical Analysis Dr. Devsharan Verma : Scientist B (Chemist) Dr. Rajni Kant Sharma : Scientist B (Chemist) T. Dinesh Kumar : Assistant Chemist Aquifer Maps and Ground Water Management Plan, Ambegaon, Baramati, Indapur, Jannar and Purandar Blocks, Pune District, Maharashtra-2018 PUNE DISTRICT AT A GLANCE 1. GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical Area : 15642 sq. km Administrative Divisions (As on Taluka- 14; Pune City, Haveli, Khed, 31/03/2012) Ambegaon, Junnar, Shirur, Daund, Indapur, Baramati, Purandhar, Bhor, Velhe, Mulsi and Maval Towns / Villages /Grampanchayat : 19 / 1877 / 1407 Population (Census, 2011) : 94,29,408 Average Annual Rainfall : 468mm to 4659 mm 2. GEOMORPHOLOGY Major Physiographic unit : Western Ghats, Foot Hills, Central Plateau and Eastern Plains Major Drainage : Krishna River Basin (Bhima-Ghod, Mula- Mutha & Nira) 3. LAND USE (2010-11) Forest Area : 1846.10 sq. km. Net Area Sown : 9920 sq. km. Cultivable Area : 10576 sq. km. 4. SOIL TYPE Medium to deep black soil and deep brown to red soil (Regur). 5. PRINCIPAL CROPS (2010-11) Sugarcane : 660 sq. km. Cereals : 7430 sq. km. Oil Seeds : 710 sq. km. Pulses : 930 sq. km. 6. IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT SOURCES (2006-07) Structure Nos. Potential Created (ha) Dugwells : 129745 145550 Tubewells/Borewells : 7986 Surface Flow Schemes : 11907 Lift Irrigation Schemes : 1954 Net Irrigated Area : 3,20,00 ha 7. GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS (As on 31/05/2018) Dugwells : 42 Piezometers : 1 8. GEOLOGY Upper Cretaceous-Lower Eocene : Basalt (Deccan Traps) 9. HYDROGEOLOGY Water Bearing Formation : Basalt- Weathered/fractured/ jointed vesicular/massive, under phreatic and semi-confined to confined conditions. Alluvium- Sand and Gravel, under semi- confined to confined conditions. Pre-monsoon Depth to Water Level : 0.90 to30.35 m bgl Aquifer Maps and Ground Water Management Plan, Ambegaon, Baramati, Indapur, Jannar and Purandar Blocks, Pune District, Maharashtra-2018 (May-2017) Post-monsoon Depth to Water Level : Ground level to 25.2 m bgl (Nov.-2017) Pre-monsoon Water Level Trend : Rise: 0.0001 to 0.750 m/year (2008-201) Fall: 0.0116 to 0.42 m/year Post-monsoon Water Level Trend : Rise: 0.0012 to 1.588 m/year (2008-2017) Fall: 0.0028 to 0.6992 m/year 10. GROUND WATER EXPLORATION (2017) Wells Drilled : EW-87, OW-39 Depth Range : 2.5 to 201.30 m bgl Discharge : Negligible to 30.62 lps 11. GROUND WATER QUALITY Good and suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes. However localized Nitrate Contamination is observed. Type of Water : Basalt- Ca-HCO3and Ca-Cl 12. DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES (2013) Net Annual GW availability : 1740.09 MCM Total Draft (Irrigation + Domestic) : 1285.39 MCM Net GW availability for future : 442.34 MCM irrigation Stage of GW Development : 73.87% 13. AWARENESS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY A Mass Awareness Programme : Yet to be taken up B Water Management Training : 1 Programme C Training programme on aquifer : 1 management 14. ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & RAINWATER HARVESTING Projects completed : Nil Projects under technical guidance : Nil 15. GROUND WATER CONTROL & REGULATION Over-Exploited Taluka : Nil Semi-Critical Taluka : Baramati and Purandar Notified Taluka : Nil 16. MAJOR GROUND WATER PROBLEMS AND ISSUES About 50 % area of Pune district is falling under ‘Rain Shadow’ zone. Long term rain fall data analysis reveals that eastern, southern, south-eastern, central and north-central part area of district around Indapur, Baramati, Jujuri, Daund, Talegaon, Dhamdhare, Alandi, Shirur and Bhor covering about 50% geographical area experiences drought conditions. Therefore, these areas are classified as Drought Prone Areas. Decadal pre-monsoon water level trend (2008-17) reveals that by and large, during pre-monsoon periods 65 % of the area and during post monsoon period, 68 % of the area is showing fall in water levels. Falling trend of water level is observed in major parts of Pune City, Haveli, Khed, Junnar, Daund, Indapur, Baramati, Purandhar, Bhor, Velhe, Mulsi and Maval Talukas of the district. Aquifer Maps and Ground Water Management Plan, Ambegaon, Baramati, Indapur, Jannar and Purandar Blocks, Pune District, Maharashtra-2018 AQUIFER MAPS AND GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMBEGAON, BARAMATI, INDAPUR, JANNAR AND PURANDAR BLOCKS, PUNE DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 About the area ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Physiography, Drainage and Soil Types ............................................................... 3 1.3 Climate and Rainfall ............................................................................................. 6 1.4 Geology ................................................................................................................ 8 2.0 Hydrogeology ......................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Major Aquifer Systems ...................................................................................... 11 2.2 Aquifer Parameters ............................................................................................ 14 2.3 3-D and 2-D Aquifer Disposition ........................................................................ 15 3.0 Water Level Scenario ............................................................................................. 18 3.1 Depth to water level (Shallow Aquifer-I) ........................................................... 18 3.2 Depth to water level (Deeper Aquifer-II) ........................................................... 19 3.3 Water Level Trend (2008-2017) ......................................................................... 20 3.4 Hydrograph Analysis .......................................................................................... 21 4.0 Ground Water Quality ........................................................................................... 23 4.1 Electrical Conductivity (EC) ................................................................................ 24 4.2 Nitrate: ............................................................................................................... 24 4.3 Fluoride: ............................................................................................................. 25 4.4 Suitability of Ground Water For Drinking Purpose ............................................ 26 4.5 Suitability of Ground Water for Irrigation ......................................................... 27 5.0 Ground Water Resources ....................................................................................... 29 5.1 Ground Water Resources – Aquifer-I ................................................................ 29 5.2 Ground Water Resources – Aquifer-II ............................................................... 32 6.0 Ground Water Related Issues ................................................................................ 33 6.1 Low Ground Water Potential ............................................................................. 33 6.2 Exploitation of Ground Water - Continuous Increase in Draft and Increase in Stage of Ground Water Development ....................................................................................... 34 6.3 Declining Water Levels ...................................................................................... 34 6.4 Low Rainfall (Rain Shadow area) and Droughts................................................. 35 6.5 Caving and loss of drilling formation: ................................................................ 35 7.0 Management Plan .................................................................................................. 36 7.1 Supply Side Management .................................................................................. 36 7.2 Demand Side Management ............................................................................... 38 7.3 Expected Benefits .............................................................................................. 38 7.4 Development Plan: ...........................................................................................